2024年山东省威海市中考英语真题（含答案）

PAGE1 威海市2024年初中学业考试英语注意事项：1.本试卷共8页，共80分。考试时间90分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.答题前，请你用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在答题卡和试题规定的位置上。3.所有的试题都必须在专用的“答题卡”上作答。选择题用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，其它题目用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔作答。在试卷或草稿纸上答题无效。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分20分）第一节：阅读选择（共三篇短文，共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）阅读A、B、C短文，从每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。请将答案标号涂卡。APiisaspecialnumberthatgoesonforever.ThesymbolforthisspecialnumberisaGreekletter“π”.Tokeepthemathsimple,wesayπis3.14.Piisusedtofindthesizeofcircles.Piisalwaysthesamenomatterhowsmallorbigthecircleis.Becauseitissospecial,someonethoughtofcelebratingit.Sincepiis3.14,aphysicistnamedLarryShawdecidedMarch14thwouldbetheperfectday.Soonthisdayin1988,heinvitedhisfriendstowalkaroundinacircleandeatpies.Later,moremathandscienceloverscelebratedPiDayonMarch14theachyear.OnNovember26th,2019,PiDaywasrecognized(正式认定)astheInternationalDayofMathematics.PiDayiscelebratedindifferentways.Therearegamesinwhichpeopletrytomemorizeasmanydecimalplaces(小数点后位数)astheycan.Therearepie-eatingcontests.Then,at3:14p.m.,therearespecialevents.Forexample,peoplegetfreepiesatsomeparties.Today,Piisnotjustanumber.1Whatispiinthispassage?A.Acircle. B.Apie. C.Anumber.2.Whatispiusedfor?A.Keepingthecirclessmall. B.Findingthesizeofcircles. C.Helpingmemorizethenumber.3.WhenwasPifirstcelebrated?A.OnMarch14th,1988. B.OnMarch14th,2019. C.OnNovember26th,2019.4.What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Howpeoplememorizepi. B.Howpeoplegetfreepies. C.HowpeoplecelebratePiDay.5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Aspecialfestival. B.Amathsymbol. C.PiandPiDay.B①Almosteverybodyhashadpimples(青春痘).Itisanormalpartofgrowingup.Whenkidsreachteens,theirbodiesexperiencemanychanges.Duringthisperiod,mostteenagersoftendeveloppimples.Also,manypeoplecontinuetohavepimplesafterteens.Whatcanateenageroranadultdotodealwithpimples?Unluckily,manywaysarereallyjustmyths.②Manypeoplebelievethatpopping(挤)pimplesisthebestway.Poppingapimplewillcausemorerednessandpain,orevenprobablyturnintoanillness.Forthatreason,doctorsnormallyencouragepeoplenottopoptheirpimples.③Also,doyouthinkthatwashingyourfaceoftenwillbehelpful?Ofcourse,itisagoodidea,butwashingyourfacetoomuchcouldmaketheskinpainful,makingthepimplesevenworse.④Anotherwidelybelievedmythisthatnotwearingmake-up(化妆)canhelplowerthechanceofdevelopingpimples.Infact,somekindsofmake-upactuallyhavespecialmedicineinthemtofightpimples.Asaresult,notallofthemarebadforyou.⑤Alongwithmake-up,peoplebelievethateatingfattyfoodsorchocolatecancausepimples.Thetruthisthateatingacandyorapieceofpizzawillnotcausepimples.Evenso,bothteenagersandadultsshouldstilltrytoeatfoodsthataregoodfortheirbodiesandtheirskin.⑥Anothermythisthatstresscancausepimples.Stresscomesinmanyforms,likeabigexamatschoolorproblemswithfriends.Whileitistruethatstresscancauseaperson’sskintocreateextraoil,thisextraoildoesnotnecessarilycausemorepimples.6.What’sthedoctors’adviceonpoppingpimples?A.Peopleshoulddoit. B.You’dbetternotdoit. C.It’sthebestwaytodoit.7.AccordingtoParagraphs3—6,whatmightcausepimples?A.Washingface. B.Eatingacandy. C.Extraoilcreatedontheskin.8.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“myths”?A.Properways. B.Wrongthoughts. C.Normalproblems.9.Whocangethelpmostfromthepassage?A.Peoplewhohavetroublewithpimples.B.Adultswhohaveunhealthyeatinghabits.C.Studentswhohavemuchstressonexams.10.What’sthestructureofthispassage?A. B. C.CAncientChinaamazedtheworldwithitswisdom.Someofitsinventionscontinuetoinfluenceustoday.FourChineseirrigationsites(灌溉点)wereaddedtothe2018listofWorldHeritageIrrigationStructures(世界灌溉工程遗产).Let’stakealookattheseamazingsites.DujiangyanDujiangyanisawonderintheworldhistoryofirrigationstructures.Morethan2,000yearsago,ChengduwasindangerbecauseoffloodfromtheMinjiangRiver.LiBing,alocalofficial,designedtheDujiangyanirrigationsystem,whichcouldcontrolthewaterrunfromthemountainstotheChengduPlainallyearround.ChangquCanalChangquCanal,alsoknownasBaiqiCanal,isinthecityofXiangyanginHubeiprovince.Itis48kmlongintotalanditwasfirstusedtotransportsoldiers.Itwaslaterusedforirrigation—infact,itisstillusedtoprovidewatertomorethan30,000mu(20squarekm)offarmland.LingquCanalLocatedinXing’ancounty,GuangxiProvince,LingquCanalwasbuilt2,000yearsago.Itistheoldestcanalintheworld.Itwasbuilttotransportthingsforthearmy.“Itmagicallylowersthepressureoftransportationalongthenorthandsouthwaterways,”accordingtotheTravelChinaGuide.ItalsoturnedXing’anintoanagriculturally(农业)developedarea.Jiang-XiDamTheJiang-XiDaminZhejiangprovinceinfactincludestwodams—theJiangandXidams.Builtinthe14thcentury,itimprovedlifeforlocalpeopleforcenturies.Itnotonlyplaysanimportantroleinirrigation,butalsoisgoodforenvironmentalprotection.11Whichwasbuilttofightagainstwater?A.Dujiangyan. B.ChangquCanal. C.LingquCanal.12.WhichistrueaboutChangquCanal?A.ItisalsocalledBaiqiCanal. B.Itisstillimportantforthearmy. C.Itwasfirstbuiltforthefarmland.13.WhatcanweknowaboutLingquCanal?A.Whyandhowitwasbuilt. B.Whenandwhyitwasbuilt. C.Whenandhowitwasbuilt.14.Whichofthefollowingistheyoungestirrigationsystem?A.Dujiangyan. B.LingquCanal. C.Jiang-XiDam.15.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Togiveadviceoncontrollingthewater.B.ToshowancientChinesewisdomtotheworld.C.TointroducethelongandrichChinesehistory.第二节：短文还原（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，将下面的句子还原到文章中，使短文内容完整。每个选项仅使用一次，有一个多余选项。Ireallyneedasnack!ShouldIeatabananaorabowloficecream?Well,icecream,ofcourse...butwait.AmImakingtherightchoice?Asnackisanyfoodthatyoueatbetweenmeals___16___Butbesuretothinkaboutwhatyou’reabouttoputinyourstomach!___17___Snackssuchasnuts,fruit,low-sugaryogurtandpopcornaregoodchoices.Thesesnackshaveimportantnutrients(营养成分).___18___Asweetcandybarcanmakeyoufeelenergeticwhenyoueatit.Butafterawhile,youmayfeeluncomfortable,sleepyorunabletofocusonanything.Butsnackingonhealthyfoodcankeepyoufullofenergythroughtheday.Notallsugarsarebadforyou.Freshfruithasnaturalsugarsthatyourbodyneeds.___19___Yourbodycandigest(消化)thatkindofsugarveryquickly.Thenyougetasuddenincreaseinsugar,andshortlyafterthatyoufallasleep.Foodswithaddedsugaralsodon’thavemanynutrients.___20___Sowhenyouwanttoeatasnack,bewise!A.Eatingasnackisn’tabadthing.B.Eatingsnacksisbadforyourhealth.C.Snackswithlotsofsugar,saltandfatareunhealthy.D.Butsnackssuchascandyandchipshaveaddedsugar.E.Youneedtoeatallkindsoffoodinordertostayhealthy.F.Ifyouwanttoeatbetweenmeals,choosesomethinghealthy.第二部分：语言知识运用（共四节，满分33分）第一节：完形填空（共6小题，每小题1分，共6分）AngaliaNatureReserve(保护区)InformationforVisitorsAngaliaNatureReservehelpstokeepwildlifesafe.Wehaveastrictno-huntingpolicy(禁止狩猎政策)andallanimalsare___21___byourworkers.Visitorsarewelcometotravelaroundthereservetoseehowtheanimalslive.SafetyAllvisitorsmustberecordedattheDumaGate.Theyshouldhire(雇佣)atrained___22___totakethemaroundthereserve.Weencouragevisitorstofollowthesaferoute.___23___yoursafety,donotangertheanimals.Twoyearsago,atigerhurttwovisitorswhothrewrocksatit.HighlightsWolveshuntingroupsfordeer.Lastyear,babywolvesjoinedthe___24___onahunt.Youmaycatchtheminactionagain!Youwillnotmissthegiraffes.Theyarealmostsixmeters___25___andtheytowerovertheotheranimals.Severalmonthsago,visitorssawthe___26___ofababygiraffe.Withinanhour,thelovelynewbornbabywaswalkingonitsown.Visitorswillalsocomeacrossalargenumberofelephantswalkingacrossthereserve.Don’tmissthisunforgettablesight.21.A.found B.caught C.protected22.A.keeper B.guide C.tourist23.A.From B.For C.About24.A.pair B.crowd C.group25.A.tall B.high C.long26.A.birth B.death C.mark第二节：选词填空（共7小题，每小题1分，共7分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项仅使用一次，有一个多余选项。A.troubleB.laughedC.poemsD.printedE.happilyF.valuableG.directlyH.stopSarahlovedreadingbooks.Shelovedreadingnovelsand___27___.Oneday,asmallbookcameinthemail.ItwasforSarah.Thebooklookedverydifferent.Itwas___28___ongoldenpaper.Itwasaboutamagicalplace.Strangethingshappenedthere.Oneexamplefromthebookwasaboutaboywhocouldcontrolpeople.Inonescene,hemadehisfriendstellfunnyjokes.Sarahlovedthebook.Shereaditallthetime.Thensomethingstrangehappenedtoher.ThebookgaveSarahaspecialpower.Shecouldcontrolotherpeople.Shewasliketheboyinthebook.Duringoneexam,shemadeherfriendtellsillyjokes.Herfriendgotin___29___.Shewantedtoplaymoretricksonpeople.Afterschool,Sarahdidnotgohome___30___.Shewenttothelocalstore.Thereshemadepeoplefalldown.Shemadethekidsrunaroundandaround.She___31___loudly.Butshecausedmanyproblemstoothers.Afterthatsheleftandstartedtowalkhome.Shesawherbasketballcoach.Hewasabouttowalkinfrontofabuswhenhewaslookingtheotherway.Shemust___32___him!Sheusedherpowertocontrolhim.Shedidn'tmakehimwalkuntilthebusleft.Shefelthappytosavehercoach.Sarahlearnedsomethingthatday.Itwasmore___33___tohelppeoplethanplayjokesonthem.So,sheputalimit(限度)onhowsheusedherpower.Shedidnotwanttodobadthingswithitanymore.Sheonlywantedtodosomethinggood.第三节：语法填空（共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ASchoolyardGardenHaveyouevereatensomethingthatyougrewinyourowngarden?Manypeople___34___(nothave)thepleasureofthisexperience.AliceWhitetheownerofarestaurant,setouttochangeallthatforaspecialgroupofstudentsatamiddleschool.Aliceworkedwiththeschool'sheadmastertocreateacookingandgardeningprogramattheschool.Shebelievesinthe___35___(important)ofpeopleknowingwheretheirfoodcomesfrom.Hergoalatthemiddleschoolwastoshowchildrenthepleasureingardeningandin___36___(prepare)thefoodsthattheygrew.Shewantedtoteachthemthatahealthybodyandahealthyenvironmentgohandinhand.TheprojectthatAlicebegantookalotoftimeandpatience.Withthehelpofteachers,studentsandcommunityvolunteers,she___37___(turn)aparkinglotintoagarden.Atthesametime,shechangedacafeteriaintoakitchen.Therethestudentscouldpreparefoodandsharemealswith___38___(they)teachers.Studentshavefoundthattheylookforwardtospendingtimeinthegardeneachweek.Theyhavelearnedaboutthelifecyclesofdifferentplantsbygardening.Theyalsoknow___39___toimprovetheearthbyusingtheleftoveroffruitsandvegetables.Manyhavediscoveredthattheylikefruitsandvegetablesthattheywerenotwillingtotry.AliceWhitedreamsthatonedaythere___40___(be)agardenineveryschool.Shehopesthatschoollunchescanbepreparedusingtheproducefromthegardens.Ifyouareinterestedinlearning___41___(much)aboutthisschoolyardandfindingoutabouthowtostartagardenatyourschool,visitwww.schoolyard.com.第四节：完成句子（共6小题，每小题2分，共12分）根据所给情境和汉语完成句子。请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。悦悦在向外国朋友介绍山东省非物质文化遗产——海草房（seaweedhouse）。42.威海有很多海草房。__________________________________________43.其中一些建于300多年前。__________________________________________44.它们冬暖夏凉。__________________________________________45.上个月我去参观海草房，村民们正在对它们进行修缮。___________________________________________46.一位老人告诉我能建海草房的人越来越少了。___________________________________________47.我认为传承这项古老的艺术很有必要。(carryforward)____________________________________________第三部分：书面表达（共两节，满分27分）第一节：阅读表达（共6小题，每小题2分，共12分）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。PeerPressureWhatpeerpressureisPeersarepeoplewhoareaboutthesameageasyou.Peerpressureiswhenoneormorefriendsorpeopleyourownagemakeyoufeelpressuredtodosomething.Youfeelasifyouhavetodothatthingbecauseyourpeersaredoingit,oraretryingtomakeyoudoit.GoodpeerpressureGoodpeerpressureiswhenyoufeelpressuredtodosomethinggood.Youmightdosomethinggoodforyou,forothers,orfortheenvironment.BadpeerpressureBadpeerpressureiswhenyoufeelpressuredtodosomethingyoushouldn’tdo.Forexample,itmightbesomethingthatgoesagainstrules,somethingdangerous,orsomethingbadforyourhealth.Itmightalsobesomethingthatgoesagainstyourvalues,orwhatyoubelieveisgoodorright.▲①Ifafriendtriestopressureyoutodosomething,youmightfeelyoushoulddoittopleaseyourfriend.Youmightevenfeelthatthepersonwillnotbeyourfriendifyoudonotdoit.②Peopleoftenwanttobeacceptedbytheirpeersandnotfeelasiftheystandoutbecausetheyaredifferentinsomeway.Sometimespeopleareafraidotherswillmakefunofthemiftheydonotdowhateveryoneelseisdoing.MakedecisionswhenyoufeelpeerpressureHerearesomequestionstoaskyourselfwhenyoufeelpeerpressuretodosomething:·CouldIgetintotroublefordoingthis?·Mightdoingthishurtmyselforanotherperson,orhurtsomeone’sfeelings?·Doesthisgoagainstmyvalues?·WillIfeelsorryorembarrassedifmyfamily,teachers,orothersfindoutaboutit?Ifyouanswer“yes”toanyofthesequestions,youarefeelingbadpeerpressure.Ifpeoplekeeppressuringyou,say,“Idonotwanttotalkaboutitanymore.”Thenwalkawayandfeelproudthatyoumadeagooddecision.48.Whoarepeers?（答案不超过9个词）__________________________________________________________49.Whatkindsofpeerpressureareintroducedinthepassage?（答案不超过7个词）__________________________________________________________50.Pleasefillthe▲withapropersubtitle（小标题）.（答案不超过7个词）__________________________________________________________51.Whatdecisionsshouldyoumakewhenyoufeelbadpeerpressure?（答案不超过6个词）__________________________________________________________52.Mikenoticedthatmoststudentsatschoolarewearingacertaintypeofrunningshoes.Nowheisstartingtofeelthatheshouldgetthesamekindofshoes,butnoonehastoldhimheshould.IsMikeexperiencingpeerpressure?Useevidence(证据)fromthepassagetosupportyouranswer.（答案不限词数）__________________________________________________________53.Shareanexampleofhowyousolvedyourpeerpressure.（答案不限词数）__________________________________________________________第二节：写作（共1小题，共15分）请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。54.英国学生Joe在学习中国文化，他对成语“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”感兴趣，在某网站论坛上发起讨论。请你回帖发表你的见解：阐述你对该成语的理解，并从择友、交友的角度举例加以说明。注意：（1）词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；（2）内容需涵盖所有要求，可适当发挥；（3）文中不能出现真实的人名、校名等信息。Hi,Joe.I’mhappythatyou’reinterestedinChineseculture.ThisisafamousChineseidiom._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________试卷类型A威海市2024年初中学业考试英语注意事项：1.本试卷共8页，共80分。考试时间90分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.答题前，请你用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在答题卡和试题规定的位置上。3.所有的试题都必须在专用的“答题卡”上作答。选择题用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，其它题目用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔作答。在试卷或草稿纸上答题无效。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分20分）第一节：阅读选择（共三篇短文，共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）阅读A、B、C短文，从每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。请将答案标号涂卡。APiisaspecialnumberthatgoesonforever.ThesymbolforthisspecialnumberisaGreekletter“π”.Tokeepthemathsimple,wesayπis3.14.Piisusedtofindthesizeofcircles.Piisalwaysthesamenomatterhowsmallorbigthecircleis.Becauseitissospecial,someonethoughtofcelebratingit.Sincepiis3.14,aphysicistnamedLarryShawdecidedMarch14thwouldbetheperfectday.Soonthisdayin1988,heinvitedhisfriendstowalkaroundinacircleandeatpies.Later,moremathandscienceloverscelebratedPiDayonMarch14theachyear.OnNovember26th,2019,PiDaywasrecognized(正式认定)astheInternationalDayofMathematics.PiDayiscelebratedindifferentways.Therearegamesinwhichpeopletrytomemorizeasmanydecimalplaces(小数点后位数)astheycan.Therearepie-eatingcontests.Then,at3:14p.m.,therearespecialevents.Forexample,peoplegetfreepiesatsomeparties.Today,Piisnotjustanumber.1.Whatispiinthispassage?A.Acircle. B.Apie. C.Anumber.2.Whatispiusedfor?A.Keepingthecirclessmall. B.Findingthesizeofcircles. C.Helpingmemorizethenumber.3.WhenwasPifirstcelebrated?A.OnMarch14th,1988. B.OnMarch14th,2019. C.OnNovember26th,2019.4.What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Howpeoplememorizepi. B.Howpeoplegetfreepies. C.HowpeoplecelebratePiDay.5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Aspecialfestival. B.Amathsymbol. C.PiandPiDay.【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.C5.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了圆周率和圆周率日。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Piisaspecialnumber”可知pi是一个特别的数字。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“wesayπis3.14.Piisusedtofindthesizeofcircles”可知pi被用来计算圆的大小。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“aphysicistnamedLarryShawdecidedMarch14thwouldbetheperfectday.Soonthisdayin1988,heinvitedhisfriendstowalkaroundinacircleandeatpies”可知在1988年3月14日第一次庆祝圆周率。故选A。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据“PiDayiscelebratedindifferentways”可知本段主要介绍了圆周率日的庆祝活动。故选C。【5题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了圆周率和圆周率日。故选C。B①Almosteverybodyhashadpimples(青春痘).Itisanormalpartofgrowingup.Whenkidsreachteens,theirbodiesexperiencemanychanges.Duringthisperiod,mostteenagersoftendeveloppimples.Also,manypeoplecontinuetohavepimplesafterteens.Whatcanateenageroranadultdotodealwithpimples?Unluckily,manywaysarereallyjustmyths.②Manypeoplebelievethatpopping(挤)pimplesisthebestway.Poppingapimplewillcausemorerednessandpain,orevenprobablyturnintoanillness.Forthatreason,doctorsnormallyencouragepeoplenottopoptheirpimples.③Also,doyouthinkthatwashingyourfaceoftenwillbehelpful?Ofcourse,itisagoodidea,butwashingyourfacetoomuchcouldmaketheskinpainful,makingthepimplesevenworse.④Anotherwidelybelievedmythisthatnotwearingmake-up(化妆)canhelplowerthechanceofdevelopingpimples.Infact,somekindsofmake-upactuallyhavespecialmedicineinthemtofightpimples.Asaresult,notallofthemarebadforyou.⑤Alongwithmake-up,peoplebelievethateatingfattyfoodsorchocolatecancausepimples.Thetruthisthateatingacandyorapieceofpizzawillnotcausepimples.Evenso,bothteenagersandadultsshouldstilltrytoeatfoodsthataregoodfortheirbodiesandtheirskin.⑥Anothermythisthatstresscancausepimples.Stresscomesinmanyforms,likeabigexamatschoolorproblemswithfriends.Whileitistruethatstresscancauseaperson’sskintocreateextraoil,thisextraoildoesnotnecessarilycausemorepimples.6.What’sthedoctors’adviceonpoppingpimples?A.Peopleshoulddoit. B.You’dbetternotdoit. C.It’sthebestwaytodoit.7.AccordingtoParagraphs3—6,whatmightcausepimples?A.Washingface. B.Eatingacandy. C.Extraoilcreatedontheskin.8.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“myths”?A.Properways. B.Wrongthoughts. C.Normalproblems.9.Whocangethelpmostfromthepassage?A.Peoplewhohavetroublewithpimples.B.Adultswhohaveunhealthyeatinghabits.C.Studentswhohavemuchstressonexams.10.What’sthestructureofthispassage?A. B. C.【答案】6.B7.C8.B9.A10.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了青春痘的一些相关事实。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“Forthatreason,doctorsnormallyencouragepeoplenottopoptheirpimples.”可知，医生通常建议人们不要挤青春痘，故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据“Anothermythisthatstresscancausepimples.”和“Whileitistruethatstresscancauseaperson’sskintocreateextraoil,thisextraoildoesnotnecessarilycausemorepimples.”可知，压力会导致皮肤产生额外的油脂，而这些油脂可能会导致青春痘，故选C。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Unluckily,manywaysarereallyjustmyths.”和“Also,manypeoplecontinuetohavepimplesafterteens.Whatcanateenageroranadultdotodealwithpimples?”可知，第一段讲述了人们对青春痘普遍看法和做法，结合“Unluckily,”，因此上文提到的看法和做法可能是错误的观点，“myths”意为“Wrongthoughts.”，故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讨论了青春痘的成因和误区，因此对有青春痘困扰的人帮助最大，故选A。【10题详解】篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，第一段提出关于青春痘的问题；第二段至第六段分别解释不同的误区，故选B。CAncientChinaamazedtheworldwithitswisdom.Someofitsinventionscontinuetoinfluenceustoday.FourChineseirrigationsites(灌溉点)wereaddedtothe2018listofWorldHeritageIrrigationStructures(世界灌溉工程遗产).Let’stakealookattheseamazingsites.DujiangyanDujiangyanisawonderintheworldhistoryofirrigationstructures.Morethan2,000yearsago,ChengduwasindangerbecauseoffloodfromtheMinjiangRiver.LiBing,alocalofficial,designedtheDujiangyanirrigationsystem,whichcouldcontrolthewaterrunfromthemountainstotheChengduPlainallyearround.ChangquCanalChangquCanalalsoknownasBaiqiCanal,isinthecityofXiangyanginHubeiprovince.Itis48kmlongintotalanditwasfirstusedtotransportsoldiers.Itwaslaterusedforirrigation—infact,itisstillusedtoprovidewatertomorethan30,000mu(20squarekm)offarmland.LingquCanalLocatedinXing’ancounty,GuangxiProvince,LingquCanalwasbuilt2,000yearsago.Itistheoldestcanalintheworld.Itwasbuilttotransportthingsforthearmy.“Itmagicallylowersthepressureoftransportationalongthenorthandsouthwaterways,”accordingtotheTravelChinaGuide.ItalsoturnedXing’anintoanagriculturally(农业)developedarea.Jiang-XiDamTheJiang-XiDaminZhejiangprovinceinfactincludestwodams—theJiangandXidams.Builtinthe14thcentury,itimprovedlifeforlocalpeopleforcenturies.Itnotonlyplaysanimportantroleinirrigation,butalsoisgoodforenvironmentalprotection.11.Whichwasbuilttofightagainstwater?A.Dujiangyan. B.ChangquCanal. C.LingquCanal.12.WhichistrueaboutChangquCanal?A.ItisalsocalledBaiqiCanal. B.Itisstillimportantforthearmy. C.Itwasfirstbuiltforthefarmland.13.WhatcanweknowaboutLingquCanal?A.Whyandhowitwasbuilt. B.Whenandwhyitwasbuilt. C.Whenandhowitwasbuilt.14.Whichofthefollowingistheyoungestirrigationsystem?A.Dujiangyan. B.LingquCanal. C.Jiang-XiDam.15.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Togiveadviceoncontrollingthewater.B.ToshowancientChinesewisdomtotheworld.C.TointroducethelongandrichChinesehistory.【答案】11.A12.A13.B14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了四个古代中国的灌溉工程。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据“LiBing,alocalofficial,designedtheDujiangyanirrigationsystem,whichcouldcontrolthewaterrunfromthemountainstotheChengduPlainallyearround.”可知，都江堰灌溉系统可以全年控制从山区流向成都平原的水。故选A。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据“ChangquCanal,alsoknownasBaiqiCanal,isinthecityofXiangyanginHubeiprovince.”可知，长渠，又称白旗渠，位于湖北省襄阳。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据“LocatedinXing’ancounty,GuangxiProvince,LingquCanalwasbuilt2,000yearsago.Itistheoldestcanalintheworld.Itwasbulittotransportthingsforthearmy.”可知，讲述了灵渠建立的时间以及原因，故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据“Builtinthe14thcentury”可知，江溪大坝是四个灌溉系统中最年轻的，故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍了四个古代中国的灌溉工程，展示了古代中国的智慧，故选B。第二节：短文还原（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，将下面的句子还原到文章中，使短文内容完整。每个选项仅使用一次，有一个多余选项。Ireallyneedasnack!ShouldIeatabananaorabowloficecream?Well,icecream,ofcourse...butwait.AmImakingtherightchoice?Asnackisanyfoodthatyoueatbetweenmeals.___16___Butbesuretothinkaboutwhatyou’reabouttoputinyourstomach!___17___Snackssuchasnuts,fruit,low-sugaryogurtandpopcornaregoodchoices.Thesesnackshaveimportantnutrients(营养成分).___18___Asweetcandybarcanmakeyoufeelenergeticwhenyoueatit.Butafterawhile,youmayfeeluncomfortable,sleepyorunabletofocusonanything.Butsnackingonhealthyfoodcankeepyoufullofenergythroughtheday.Notallsugarsarebadforyou.Freshfruithasnaturalsugarsthatyourbodyneeds.___19___Yourbodycandigest(消化)thatkindofsugarveryquickly.Thenyougetasuddenincreaseinsugar,andshortlyafterthatyoufallasleep.Foodswithaddedsugaralsodon’thavemanynutrients.___20___Sowhenyouwanttoeatasnack,bewise!A.Eatingasnackisn’tabadthing.B.Eatingsnacksisbadforyourhealth.C.Snackswithlotsofsugar,saltandfatareunhealthy.D.Butsnackssuchascandyandchipshaveaddedsugar.E.Youneedtoeatallkindsoffoodinordertostayhealthy.F.Ifyouwanttoeatbetweenmeals,choosesomethinghealthy.【答案】16.A17.F18.C19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文介绍了如何选择健康的零食。【16题详解】根据“Butbesuretothinkaboutwhatyou’reabouttoputinyourstomach!”可知，吃零食要能选择，因此吃零食并不是坏事，A选项“吃零食不是坏事。”符合语境，故选A。【17题详解】根据“Snackssuchasnuts,fruit,low-sugaryogurtandpopcornaregoodchoices.”可知，讲述健康的零食，F选项“如果你想在两餐之间吃东西，选择健康的。”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据“Asweetcandybarcanmakeyoufeelenergeticwhenyoueatit.”可知，讲述了不健康的零食，C选项“含有大量糖、盐和脂肪的零食是不健康的。”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据“Yourbodycandigest(消化)thatkindofsugarveryquickly.Thenyougetasuddenincreaseinsugar,andshortlyafterthatyoufallasleep.”可知，介绍糖果对身体的影响，D选项“但糖果和薯片等零食含有添加糖。”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据“Sowhenyouwanttoeatasnack,bewise!”可知，此处总结全文，为了保持健康，需要吃各种食物，E选项“你需要吃各种食物以保持健康。”符合语境，故选E。第二部分：语言知识运用（共四节，满分33分）第一节：完形填空（共6小题，每小题1分，共6分）AngaliaNatureReserve(保护区)InformationforVisitorsAngaliaNatureReservehelpstokeepwildlifesafe.Wehaveastrictno-huntingpolicy(禁止狩猎政策)andallanimalsare___21___byourworkers.Visitorsarewelcometotravelaroundthereservetoseehowtheanimalslive.SafetyAllvisitorsmustberecordedattheDumaGate.Theyshouldhire(雇佣)atrained___22___t