湖南省长沙市2025-2026学年高三英语上学期11月月考试题含解析

本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Wherearethespeakersnow?

A.Inthechemist’s.B.Inthestreet.C.Inthetouristoffice.

2.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Marcieisn’tverypolite.

B.Marcieisabusywoman.

C.Marcielovestalkingonthephone.

3.What’stheweatherlikenow?

A.Warmandsunny.B.Windyandrainy.C.Sunnyandwindy.

4.WhenwillthenexttraintoBedfordleave?

A.At9:45.B.At10:15.C.At11:00.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebluesweater?

A.It’swarmer.B.It’scheaper.C.It’smorefashionable.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatdoesthemanagreetodo?

A.Tourthecity.

B.Visitamuseum.

C.Takeaboattrip.

7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Neighbors.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

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8.Whatlanguageofthetelevisionseriesisthewomanwatching?

A.English.B.French.C.Chinese.

9.Whatdoesthewomandoduringthetelevisionseries?

A.Shefocusesonthetranslatingapp.

B.Shewritesdownsomewordsandphrases.

C.Shetranslatesthelinesintoanotherlanguage.

10.Whosays“pleasepunishme“inthetelevisionseries?

A.Theservants.B.Theemperor.C.Theemperor’sson.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Howoftendoesthepostmancome?

A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Twiceaweek.

12.Whatistheopeninghouroftheclinic?

A.24hours.B.12hours.C.10hours.

13.WhydoesBillapologize?

A.BecausehejumpedacrossMrs.Mill’sfence.

B.Becausehisboysdidn’tapologizetoMrs.Mill.

C.BecausehisboysmadeamessinMrs.Mill’sgarden.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14Whydoesthewomancomehere?

.

A.ToseeMegan.B.Toworkout.C.Todosomeshopping.

15.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisfitnesstrackingdevice?

A.It’sverypopular.

B.Itisabirthdaygift.

C.Itishelpfulforhissleep.

16.Howdoesthemanaccesstheinformationheneeds?

A.Bytappingthescreenofthedevice.

B.BylinkingthedevicetoaPC.

C.Bydownloadinganappontothesmartphone.

17.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?

A.Gobackhome.B.Resethisgoal.C.Goforrunning.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

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18.WhoisBillWyatt?

A.Theschooldirector.B.Afootballcoach.C.Acollegestudent.

19.Howcanstudentsfindoutaboutthelunchmenuinadvance?

A.Fromtheirparents.

B.Fromtheschoolwebsite.

C.Fromthepostersinthedininghall.

20.Whatshouldstudentsdowiththeircellphonesduringschool?

A.Keepthemwiththeschoolteachers.

B.Locktheminsidethespeciallockers.

C.Talktotheschoolstaffforpermission.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WelcometoUCLAExchangeProgram!Let’sgetstartedbycheckingoutStudentGuideforyour

academicjourney!

SigningupforESL(EnglishasaSecondLanguage)

ESLcoursesaredesignedtohelpinternationalstudentsimproveacademicEnglishlanguage

skills.Enrollment(课程注册)priorityisgiventodegreestudents.Ifspaceisavailable,you

mayenroll.YouwillthenbeaskedtotakeanESLPlacementTest.Thetestresultswillhelpyou

choosetheclassthatisappropriateforyou.

ChangingYourCourseEnrollmentList

Youmaychangeyourclassscheduleduringthefirsttwoweeksofthetermbyaddingordropping

coursesfromyourenrollmentlist.Afterthesecondweekofclasses,therewillbeachargefor

eachschedulechange.Studentsoftenattendclassesinwhichtheyarenotenrolledonthefirst

dayofinstructiontotryaddingthisnewcoursetothelist,asotherstudentsmayhavedropped

it.

WithdrawingfromCourses

Ifyouchoosetodropacourse,youmustfollowtheUCLAproceduresforremovingitfromyour

schedule.Ifyouforgettoofficiallydropthatcourse,a“F”(Fail)gradewillberegistered

onyourrecordattheendoftheterm.If,atalaterdate,youwishtoapplyforajoborgraduate

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schoolwhereanofficialcopyofyourUCLArecordisneeded,itwillbetoyouradvantagetoprovide

animpressiveacademicrecord.

TakingExams

Someinstructorschoosetoputprevioustestpapersonlibraryreserve,makingthemavailable

toallstudents.Theseexams,whichstudentscommonlyuseforpractice,cangiveyouanideaof

howinstructorsaskquestionsandwhattheyregardasrelevantmaterial.Youcanalsoaccessthe

examsonline.

1.WhomightbethefirsttogetaseatinanESLcourse?

A.Aninternationalfreshmanseekingadegree.

BAvisitingscholarfromanAsiancountry.

.

C.AnAmericanstudentfromalocalcollege.

D.Alanguageloverintheexchangeprogram.

2.Whatisacommonstrategyforaddinganewcourseafterthetermhasstarted?

A.Payinganextrafeefortheschedulechange.

B.Askingtheinstructorforspecialpermission.

C.Takingaplacementtesttoproveone’sability.

D.Attendingtheclassfirstwithoutbeingenrolled.

3.Whatcouldbeadirectresultifastudentforgetstodropacourseofficially?

A.Hewillhavetotakeanextraexamtopassit.

B.Hewillbechargedacertainamountofmoney.

C.Afailinggradewillappearonhisacademicrecord.

D.Hewilllosethechancetoapplyforgraduateschool.

【答案】1.A2.D3.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了加州大学洛杉矶分校交换项目的相关信息，包括ESL课程注

册、课程调整、退课以及考试等方面的内容。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“ESLcoursesaredesignedtohelpinternationalstudentsimproveacademic

Englishlanguageskills.Enrollmentpriorityisgiventodegreestudents.(ESL课程旨在帮助国际

学生提高学术英语语言技能。学位学生优先注册。)”可知，学位学生优先注册，故一个寻求学位的国际新

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生可能最先获得ESL课程的座位。故选A。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Studentsoftenattendclassesinwhichtheyarenotenrolledonthefirst

dayofinstructiontotryaddingthisnewcoursetothelist,asotherstudentsmayhavedropped

it.(学生们经常在第一天上课时去上他们没有注册的课程，试图将这门新课程添加到课程表中，因为其他

学生可能已经退课了。)”可知，学生们在没有注册的情况下先参加课程，试图将这门新课程添加到课程表

中。故选D。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“Ifyouchoosetodropacourse,youmustfollowtheUCLAproceduresfor

removingitfromyourschedule.Ifyouforgettoofficiallydropthatcourse,a“F”(Fail)grade

willberegisteredonyourrecordattheendoftheterm.(如果你选择退课，你必须遵循加州大学

洛杉矶分校的退课程序。如果你忘记正式退课，在学期结束时，你的记录上将被登记一个“F”(不及格)的

成绩。)”可知，如果一个学生忘记正式退课，他的学业记录上会出现不及格的成绩。故选C。

B

Sittinginthegardenformyfriend’sbirthday,Ifeltabuzz(振动)inmypocket.Myheart

racedwithamixofanxietyandhopewhenIsawtheemailsender’sname.Theemailstartedoff:

“DearMrGreen,thankyouforyourinterest”and“thereviewprocesstooklongerthanexpected”.

Itendedwith“Wearesorrytoinformyou…”andmyvisionblurred(模糊).Theposition—

measuringsoilqualityintheSaharaDesertaspartofanundergraduateresearchprogramme—

hadfeltliketheanswerIhadspentyearslookingfor.

Ihadputsomuchtimeandemotionalenergyintoapplying,andIthoughttherejectionmeant

theendoftheroadformysciencecareer.

SoIwasshockedwhen,notlongaftertheemail,ProfessorMaryDevon,whowasrunningthe

programme,invitedmetoobservetheworkbeingdoneinherlab.Ijumpedatthechance,anda

fewweekslaterIwasequallyshocked—andoverjoyed—whensheinvitedmetotalkwithher

aboutpotentialprojectsIcouldpursueinherlab.Whatsheproposeddidn’tseemasexciting

astheoriginalprojectIhadappliedto,butIwasgoingtogiveitmyall.

Ifoundmyselfworkingwitharoboticsprofessorontechniquesforcollectingdatafromthe

desertremotely.Thatproject,whichIcouldcompletefrommysofainsteadofintheburningheat

ofthedesert,notonlysurvivedthelockdownbutworkedwheretraditionalmethodsdidn’t.In

theend,Ihadanewscientificinteresttopursue.

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WhenIappliedtograduateschool,Ifoundthreeprogrammespromisingtoallowmetofollow

mydesiredresearchdirection.AndIappliedwiththesameanxiousexcitementasbefore.When

Iwasrejectedfromonethathadseemedlikeaperfectfit,itwasundoubtedlydifficult.But

thistimeIhadtheperspectivetokeepitfromsendingmeintopanic.Ithelpedthatintheend

IwasacceptedintooneoftheotherprogrammesIwasalsoexcitedabout.

Ratherthansettingplansinstone,I’velearnedthatsometimesIneedtotakethe

opportunitiesthatareoffered,eveniftheydon’tsoundperfectatthetime,andmakethemost

ofthem.

4.Howdidtheauthorinitiallyfeeluponseeingtheemail?

A.Quitecuriousandinterested.

B.Quitenervousandexcited.

C.Rathersurprisedandconfused.

D.Deeplydisappointedandupset.

5.Whatwastheauthor’sfirstreactiontotherejection?

A.Hedecidedtoabandonhisscientificdream.

B.Heimmediatelysoughtalternativeprograms.

C.Hefeltitsignaledtheendofhiscareerinscience.

D.Hechosetoobservethelabworkwithouthesitation.

6.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheprojectheeventuallyundertook?

A.Itprovedtobeeffectiveandinnovative.

B.ItwasmoreexcitingthantheSaharaproject.

C.Itwascompletedunderthetoughdesertconditions.

D.Itwasaperfectfitforhisoriginalresearchinterest.

7.Whatisthemainlifelessontheauthorlearnedfromhisexperience?

A.Onlyapplyforprogramsthatareaperfectfit.

B.Seizeandmaximizetheopportunitiesathand.

C.Rejectionsareunavoidableontheroadtosuccess.

D.Alwayshaveabackupplanreadyforanysituation.

【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者申请项目被拒后抓住新机会并获得成长的故事。

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【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中“MyheartracedwithamixofanxietyandhopewhenIsawtheemail

sender’sname.Theemailstartedoff:“DearMrGreen,thankyouforyourinterest”and“the

reviewprocesstooklongerthanexpected”.Itendedwith“Wearesorrytoinformyou...”and

myvisionblurred(模糊).(看到发件人名字的那一刻，我的心因焦虑与希望交织而狂跳不已。邮件开头

写道：“亲爱的Green先生，感谢您的关注”，接着是“审核流程比预期耗时更长”。邮件结尾写着“我

们很遗憾地通知您……”，看到这里，我的视线变得模糊。)”可知，作者看到邮件时最初是既紧张又兴奋

的。故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ihadputsomuchtimeandemotionalenergyintoapplying,andIthought

therejectionmeanttheendoftheroadformysciencecareer.(我投入了大量的时间和情感精力去

申请，我认为被拒绝意味着我的科学职业生涯走到了尽头。)”可知，作者的第一反应是觉得这标志着他科

学职业生涯的结束。故选C。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thatproject,whichIcouldcompletefrommysofainsteadofinthe

burningheatofthedesert,notonlysurvivedthelockdownbutworkedwheretraditionalmethods

didn’t.(那个项目，我可以在沙发上完成，而不用在炎热的沙漠中，它不仅在封锁期间得以继续，而且在

传统方法不起作用的地方也发挥了作用。)”可知，作者最终承担的项目被证明是有效且创新的。故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ratherthansettingplansinstone,I’velearnedthatsometimesI

needtotaketheopportunitiesthatareoffered,eveniftheydon’tsoundperfectatthetime,

andmakethemostofthem.(我没有制定一成不变的计划，而是认识到有时候我需要抓住提供给我的机会，

即使当时它们听起来并不完美，也要充分利用它们。)”可知，作者从他的经历中学到的主要人生教训是要

抓住并充分利用眼前的机会。故选B。

C

“Whatwouldtheworldbeiftherewerenohunger?”It’saquestionthatProfessorCrystal

wouldaskherstudents.Theyfoundithardtoanswer,shewrotelater,becauseimaginingsomething

thatisn’tpartofreallife—andlearninghowtomakeitreal—isarareskill.Itistaught

toartistsandengineers,butmuchlessoftentoscientists.Crystalsetouttochangethat,and

helpedtocreateaglobalmovement.Theresult—anapproachknownassystemsthinking—is

nowseenasessentialinmeetingglobalchallenges.

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Systemsthinkingiscrucialtoachievingtargetssuchaszerohungerandbetternutrition

becauseitrequiresconsideringthewayinwhichfoodisproduced,processed,deliveredand

consumed,andlookingathowthosethingsintersect(交叉)withhumanhealth,theenvironment,

economicsandsociety.Accordingtosystemsthinking,changingthefoodsystem—oranyother

network—requiresthreethingstohappen.First,researchersneedtoidentifyalltheplayers

inthatsystem;second,theymustworkouthowtheyrelatetoeachother;andthird,theyneed

tounderstandandquantifytheimpactofthoserelationshipsoneachotherandonthoseoutside

thesystem.

Takenutrition.InthelatestUNreportonglobalfoodsecurity,thenumberofundernourished

(营养不良的)peopleintheworldhasbeenrising,despitegreatadvancesinnutritionscience.

Trackingof150biochemicalsinfoodhasbeenimportantinrevealingtherelationshipsbetween

calories,sugar,fatandtheoccurrenceofcommondiseases.Butusingmachinelearningand

artificialintelligence,somescientistsproposethathumandietsconsistofatleast26,000

biochemicals—andthatthevastmajorityarenotknown.Thisshowsthatwehavesomewayto

travelbeforeachievingthefirstobjectiveofsystemsthinking.

Asystemsapproachtocreatingchangeisalsobuiltontheassumptionthateveryoneinthe

systemhasequalpower.Butassomeresearchersfind,thefoodsystemisnotanequalone.Agood

waytoredresssuchpowerimbalanceisformoreuniversitiestodowhatCrystaldidandteach

studentshowtothinkusingasystemsapproach.

Moreresearchers,policymakersandrepresentativesfromthefoodindustrymustlearntolook

beyondtheirdirectlinesofresponsibilityandadoptasystemsapproach.Crystalknewthatvisions

alonedon’tproduceresults,butconcludedthat“we’llneverproduceresultsthatwecan’t

envision”

8.WhatisthemainpurposeofProfessorCrystal’squestionmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Tohighlightaskillseldomtaughttoscientists.

B.Toinitiateadiscussiononanunrealisticsituation.

C.Toassessthestudents’understandingofglobalhunger.

D.Toinspireacreativeapproachtoafundamentalproblem.

9.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whatisthecorerequirementofsystemsthinking?

A.Itinvolvesathoroughconsiderationofvariousrelatedfactors.

B.Itrequirestheapplicationofartificialintelligenceinanalysis.

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C.Itprioritizestheimprovementoffoodproductionefficiency.

D.Itdemandsafocusoneconomicgrowthaboveeverythingelse.

10.Whatdoestheexampleofnutritionresearchinparagraph3demonstrate?

A.ThenewestUNreportsonfoodsecurityarenolongertrustworthy.

B.Machinelearninghasmadetraditionalnutritionscienceoutdated.

C.Mostcommondiseasesarecausedbyaseverelackofunknownbiochemicals.

D.Achievingthefirstgoalofsystemsthinkingismorechallengingthanitseems.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“redress”inparagraph4mostprobablymean?

A.Recognize.B.Correct.C.Measure.D.Discuss.

【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Crystal教授通过提出假设性问题启发学生用系统性思维解

决全球饥饿等根本问题，并阐述了系统性思维的核心要求、面临的挑战及重要性。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中““Whatwouldtheworldbeiftherewerenohunger?”It’saquestion

thatProfessorCrystalwouldaskherstudents.Theyfoundithardtoanswer,shewrotelater,

becauseimaginingsomethingthatisn’tpartofreallife—andlearninghowtomakeitreal

—isarareskill.Itistaughttoartistsandengineers,butmuchlessoftentoscientists.

Crystalsetouttochangethat,andhelpedtocreateaglobalmovement.(“如果世界上没有饥饿，

那会是什么样？”这是克里斯塔尔（Crystal）教授会问学生的一个问题。她后来写道，学生们发现这个问

题很难回答，因为想象一些不属于现实生活的东西——并学习如何让它成为现实——是一项罕见的技能。

艺术家和工程师会接受这种技能的培养，但科学家却很少接受。克里斯塔尔决心改变这一现状，并帮助发

起了一场全球运动。)”可知，Crystal教授提出这个问题的主要目的是启发学生对根本性问题采取创造性

的方法。故选D。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Systemsthinkingiscrucialtoachievingtargetssuchaszerohunger

andbetternutritionbecauseitrequiresconsideringthewayinwhichfoodisproduced,processed,

deliveredandconsumed,andlookingathowthosethingsintersect(交叉)withhumanhealth,the

environment,economicsandsociety.(系统性思维对于实现零饥饿和改善营养等目标至关重要，因为它

需要考虑食物的生产、加工、交付和消费方式，并研究这些因素如何与人类健康、环境、经济和社会相互

交叉。)”可知，系统性思维的核心要求是全面考虑各种相关因素。故选A。

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【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butusingmachinelearningandartificialintelligence,somescientists

proposethathumandietsconsistofatleast26,000biochemicals—andthatthevastmajority

arenotknown.Thisshowsthatwehavesomewaytotravelbeforeachievingthefirstobjective

ofsystemsthinking.(但是，一些科学家利用机器学习和人工智能提出，人类饮食至少由26000种生化物

质组成，而绝大多数是未知的。这表明，在实现系统性思维的第一个目标之前，我们还有很长的路要走。)”

可知，第三段中营养研究的例子表明实现系统性思维的第一个目标比看起来更具挑战性。故选D。

【11题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Asystemsapproachtocreatingchangeisalsobuiltontheassumption

thateveryoneinthesystemhasequalpower.Butassomeresearchersfind,thefoodsystemis

notanequalone.(创造变革的系统方法也是建立在系统中的每个人都拥有平等权力的假设之上的。但正

如一些研究人员所发现的，食物系统并不是平等的。)”以及“Agoodwaytoredresssuchpowerimbalance

isformoreuniversitiestodowhatCrystaldidandteachstudentshowtothinkusingasystems

approach.(redress这种权力不平衡的一个好方法是让更多的大学像Crystal那样做，教学生如何用系统的

方法思考。)”可知，食物系统并不平等，因此需要采取措施来“纠正”这种权力不平衡。由此可知，redress

意为“纠正”，与Correct意思相近。故选B。

D

TheStanfordmarshmallow(棉花糖)testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalterMischel

inthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.Asingle

sugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaited

for15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleft

aloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetween

anabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We’renottempted(诱惑)by

sugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectusto

theglobaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdo

topreschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue—afeeling

ofrewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe’vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducing

thecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousands

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ofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttempting

foodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentas

aspecieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.

Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselessly

bombarded(轰炸)withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulabout

ourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,

resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood”inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.

12.WhatwasthekeyforchildrentogetasecondtreatintheStanfordtest?

A.Selectingtheirfavoritesugarysnack.

B.Remainingaloneintheroomfor15minutes.

C.Resistingtheimmediatedesiretoeatthefirstone.

D.Followingtheinstructionsgivenbythepsychologist.

13.Whatdoestheauthorimplyby“aversionofthemarshmallowtest”foradults?

A.Adultsaretestedwithdigitaldevicesinsteadoftreats.

B.Adultsfacemorecomplextemptationsthanchildren.

C.Adultsmustalsodelaycontentmentinthedigitalage.

D.Adultsareassessedontheabilitytoshareinformation.

14.Accordingtothetext,whatistherootcauseofpeople’sstruggleagainsttemptation?

A.Thelackofself-disciplineinourcontemporarysociety.

B.Themismatchbetweenourancientbrainsandmodernenvironment.

C.Theoverabundanceofcalorie-richfoodsinthemarket.

D.Theconstantbombardmentofnewinformationfromdigitaldevices.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheMarshmallowTest:LessonsforModernLife

B.DelayingSatisfaction:AKeytoSuccess

C.WhyOurBrainsStruggleintheModernWorld

D.HowtoManageInformationConsumption

【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章结合棉花糖实验，论述信息时代需理性控制信息消费的观点。

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【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthe

treat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.(每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃糖果前等待15分钟，

就会得到第二份糖果。)”可知，孩子们得到第二份糖果的关键在于抵抗住立刻吃掉第一份糖果的冲动。故

选C。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中“Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We’re

nottemptedbysugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthat

connectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhat

marshmallowsdotopreschoolers.(作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试的一个版本。我们不会被

甜食诱惑，而是会被我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑诱惑——所有这些设备都将我们与全球信息传递系统连

接起来，这些信息对我们所起的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童所起的作用一样。)”可知，作者暗示成人在

数字时代也必须延迟满足感。故选C。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butaswe’vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthe

costandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousands

ofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttempting

foodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.(但是，随着我们重塑了周围的世界，大大降低了获取卡路里的

成本和努力，我们仍然拥有几千年前相同的头脑，这种不匹配正是为什么我们很多人难以抗拒我们知道不

应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。)”可知，人们与诱惑作斗争的根本原因是我们古老的大脑与现代环境之间

的不匹配。故选B。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“TheStanfordmarshmallowtestwasoriginallyconducted

bypsychologistWalterMischelinthelate1960s.(斯坦福棉花糖实验最初由心理学家沃尔特・米歇尔

于20世纪60年代末开展。)”和最后一段“Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponseto

information.Ourformativeenvironmentasaspecieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdeveloped

amechanismthatprizednewinformation.Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedour

informationenvironment.Wearenowceaselesslybombardedwithnewinformation.Therefore,just

asweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtful

aboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood”inorder

tomanageourtimemosteffectively.(我们对信息的反应也遵循着类似的逻辑。人类在成长关键期所处

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的环境信息匮乏，因此大脑进化出了珍视新信息的机制。但全球互联彻底改变了我们的信息环境，如今我

们不断受到新信息的“轰炸”。因此，正如我们需要更理性地控制热量摄入一样，我们也需要更审慎地对

待信息消费，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以最有效地管理时间。)”可知，文章首先介绍了斯坦福棉

花糖测试，然后类比到成人面对信息诱惑的情况，指出我们也需要像对待热量摄入一样谨慎对待信息摄入，

以有效管理时间。因此，A选项“TheMarshmallowTest:LessonsforModernLife(棉花糖测试：现代生

活的启示)”最能概括文章主旨。故选A。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Brainrotisastateofmentalfogginessandcognitive(感知的)declinethatresultsfrom

excessivescreenengagement.Isbrainrotreal?____16____Whenyouspendhourssurfingand

scrolling,youconsumehugequantitiesofmeaninglessdata,negativenewsandperfectlyretouched

photos,whichmakeyoufeelinadequate,creatementalexhaustionandleadtoadropinmotivation,

focus,andenergy.

Onthesurface,spendingalotoftimeonyoursmartphoneorinfrontofacomputermayseem

harmless.____17____Activitieslikescrollinghaveanegativeimpactonthebrain’srewardsystem.

Theycanalsodecreaseyoursensitivitytonegativesignals,makingitharderforyoutoexperience

positivefeelingsinotherways.

Preventingbrainrotrequiresbeingintentionalaboutyourmediause.Herearesomeofthe

beststrategies.

Setlimitsonscreentime.Startbytrackinghowmuchtimeyouspendbrowsing,scrollingsocial

media,watchingvideos,andgaming.Youmaybeshockedtodiscoverhowmuchtimeyouspendin

frontofscreens.____18____Deletedistractingappsfromyourphoneandturnoffnotifications

fornewsandsocialmedia.

____19____There’sahugeworldbeyondyourscreen.Reconnectyourselfwithitbydigging

intohobbiesandactivitiesyouenjoysuchasgoingcampingandlisteningtomusic.Inaddition,

youcanvolunteerforanorganizationyoubelieveinortakeyourfavoriteexercise.

Connectofflinewithpositivepeople.Yourfirstinstinctmaybetopickupyourphoneto

connectwithsomeone.____20____Developingauthenticconnectionswithsupportivefriendsand

familyinpersoncanlowerstressandprovideadeepersenseofbelonging.

A.Pursuenon-digitalinterests.

B.occupyyourselfwithdifferentactivities.

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C.Itsresultisreal—you’reoverusingyourbrain.

D.Instead,makeanefforttosocializewithothersintherealworld.

E.It’snotamedicallyrecognizedcondition,butarealphenomenon.

F.Nextsetboundariesaroundthehoursyouinvestindigitalpursuitseachday.

G.Overtime,however,brainrotbehaviorcanaffectyourmentalandemotionalwell-being.

【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.A20.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了脑腐现象及其危害，并给出了预防脑腐、合理使用媒体的策

略。

【16题详解】

由上文“Brainrotisastateofmentalfogginessandcognitive(感知的)declinethatresultsfrom

excessivescreenengagement.Isbrainrotreal?(脑腐是一种由于过度使用屏幕而导致的精神模糊和

认知能力下降的状态。脑腐是真的吗？)”可知，本空应回答脑腐是否真实存在。E选项“It’snota

medicallyrecognizedcondition,butarealphenomenon.(它不是一种医学上公认的病症，而是一种

真实存在的现象。)”既明确了脑腐的真实性，又补充其非医学定义的属性，能承接上文，符合题意。故选

E。

【17题详解】

由上文“Onthesurface,spendingalotoftimeonyoursmartphoneorinfrontofacomputermay

seemharmless.(表面上看，花大量时间在智能手机或电脑前似乎并无害处。)”及下文“Activitieslike

scrollinghaveanegativeimpactonthebrain’srewardsystem.(像滚动屏幕这样的活动会对大脑

的奖励系统产生负面影响。