北京交通职业技术学院《金融英语》2025-2026学年期末试卷

北京交通职业技术学院《金融英语》2025-2026学年期末试卷

一、选择题（总共20题，每题2分，每题只有一个正确答案，请将正确答案填写在答题纸上）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafinancialinstitution?A.BankB.InsurancecompanyC.RetailstoreD.Investmentbank2.Theprocessofconvertinganamountofmoneyintoalargeramountoveraperiodoftimeiscalled:A.DepreciationB.InflationC.AppreciationD.Compounding3.Aloanthatisrepaidinequalinstallmentsoveraspecifiedperiodisknownasa:A.BalloonloanB.AmortizingloanC.Interest-onlyloanD.Securedloan4.Theinterestrateatwhichbankslendtoeachotherovernightiscalled:A.PrimerateB.FederalfundsrateC.DiscountrateD.LIBOR5.Whichofthefollowingisameasureofacompany'sabilitytopayitsshort-termobligations?A.ReturnonequityB.Debt-to-equityratioC.CurrentratioD.Earningspershare6.Themarketwherenewsecuritiesareissuedforthefirsttimeisthe:A.SecondarymarketB.PrimarymarketC.Over-the-countermarketD.Futuresmarket7.Afinancialinstrumentthatgivestheholdertheright,butnottheobligation,tobuyorsellanunderlyingassetataspecifiedpricewithinacertainperiodiscalleda:A.StockB.BondC.OptionD.Mutualfund8.Theriskthatthevalueofaninvestmentwilldeclineduetochangesininterestratesis:A.CreditriskB.MarketriskC.InterestrateriskD.Liquidityrisk9.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofabond?A.OwnershipinacompanyB.FixedincomesecurityC.High-riskinvestmentD.Variableinterestrate10.Theprocessofspreadinginvestmentsacrossdifferentassetstoreduceriskiscalled:A.DiversificationB.LeverageC.HedgingD.Arbitrage11.Afinancialstatementthatshowsacompany'srevenues,expenses,andnetincomeoveraperiodoftimeisthe:A.BalancesheetB.IncomestatementC.CashflowstatementD.Statementofshareholders'equity12.Thepriceatwhichadealeriswillingtobuyasecurityisthe:A.BidpriceB.AskpriceC.MarketpriceD.Fairvalue13.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofderivative?A.SavingsaccountB.CertificateofdepositC.FuturescontractD.Treasurybill14.Thetotalvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountryinagivenperiodisknownas:A.GrossdomesticproductB.GrossnationalproductC.InflationrateD.Unemploymentrate15.Afinancialintermediarythatpoolsmoneyfrominvestorsandinvestsitinadiversifiedportfolioofsecuritiesisa:A.HedgefundB.PensionfundC.MutualfundD.Venturecapitalfund16.Thecostofborrowingexpressedasapercentageoftheamountborrowedisthe:A.InterestrateB.YieldC.ReturnD.Dividend17.Whichofthefollowingisafactorthatcanaffectthepriceofastock?A.Company'searningsB.InterestratesC.IndustrytrendsD.Alloftheabove18.Theprocessofdeterminingthepresentvalueoffuturecashflowsiscalled:A.DiscountingB.CompoundingC.AnnuitizationD.Amortization19.Afinancialinstrumentthatrepresentsownershipinacorporationisa:A.BondB.StockC.OptionD.Futurescontract20.Theriskthataborrowerwilldefaultonaloanis:A.CreditriskB.MarketriskC.LiquidityriskD.Operationalrisk二、多项选择题（总共10题，每题3分，每题有两个或两个以上正确答案，请将正确答案填写在答题纸上）1.Whichofthefollowingarefunctionsofafinancialsystem?A.ChannelingfundsfromsaverstoborrowersB.ProvidingfinancialservicesC.ManagingriskD.Determininginterestrates2.Whatarethemaincomponentsofabalancesheet?A.AssetsB.LiabilitiesC.RevenuesD.Equity3.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofbonds?A.GovernmentbondsB.CorporatebondsC.MunicipalbondsD.Junkbonds4.Factorsthatcaninfluencethedemandformoneyinclude:A.InterestratesB.IncomelevelsC.InflationexpectationsD.Unemploymentrates5.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesoffinancialmarkets?A.StockmarketB.BondmarketC.ForeignexchangemarketD.Commoditymarket6.Measuresofacompany'sprofitabilityinclude:A.ReturnonassetsB.ReturnoninvestmentC.NetprofitmarginD.Earningspershare7.Risksassociatedwithinternationalinvestmentsinclude:A.ExchangerateriskB.PoliticalriskC.CreditriskD.Marketrisk8.Whichofthefollowingaremethodsofraisingcapitalforacompany?A.IssuingstocksB.IssuingbondsC.TakingoutloansD.Retainingearnings9.Characteristicsofamoneymarketinstrumentinclude:A.Short-termmaturityB.LowriskC.HighliquidityD.Highreturn10.Componentsoftheinterestrateinclude:A.Risk-freerateB.InflationpremiumC.RiskpremiumD.Marketpremium三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，请在答题纸上判断对错，正确的打√，错误的打×）1.Ahigherinterestrategenerallyleadstoalowerdemandforloans.()2.Stocksarealwaysasaferinvestmentthanbonds.()3.TheFederalReservecandirectlycontrolthemoneysupply.()4.Acompanywithahighdebt-to-equityratioisalwaysmoreriskythanonewithalowratio.()5.Thesecondarymarketiswherenewsecuritiesareissued.()6.Diversificationcancompletelyeliminateinvestmentrisk.()7.Acalloptiongivestheholdertherighttosellanunderlyingasset.()8.Thepriceofabondandtheinterestrateareinverselyrelated.()9.Theincomestatementshowsacompany'sfinancialpositionataspecificpointintime.()10.Commercialbanksaretheonlytypeoffinancialinstitutionthatacceptdeposits.()四、阅读理解（共2篇文章，每篇文章后有5个问题，每题5分，共50分）文章一Intheworldoffinance,mergersandacquisitions(M&A)playacrucialroleinshapingthecorporatelandscape.Amergeroccurswhentwocompaniescombinetoformanewentity,whileanacquisitioniswhenonecompanypurchasesanother.ThereareseveralmotivesbehindM&Aactivities.Onecommonmotiveistoachieveeconomiesofscale.Bycombiningoperations,companiescanreducecoststhroughsharedresourcessuchasmanufacturingfacilities,distributionnetworks,andadministrativefunctions.Forexample,iftwocompetingcompaniesinthesameindustrymerge,theycaneliminateduplicatedepartmentsandstreamlinetheiroperations,leadingtocostsavings.Anothermotiveistogainmarketpower.Acquiringacompetitorcanincreaseacompany'smarketshare,allowingittohavemorecontroloverpricesandbetternegotiatewithsuppliers.Thiscanresultinincreasedprofitabilityandastrongerpositioninthemarket.M&Acanalsobeawayforcompaniestoexpandintonewmarketsorproductlines.Acompanymayacquireafirmoperatinginadifferentgeographicalregionorwithexpertiseinanewproductareatodiversifyitsbusinessandreduceitsdependenceonasinglemarketorproduct.However,M&Atransactionsarenotwithoutrisks.Integrationchallengescanarise,suchasdifficultiesincombiningdifferentcorporatecultures,managementstyles,andinformationsystems.Theremayalsobefinancialrisks,includingoverpayingfortheacquiredcompany,whichcanleadtoadeclineintheacquirer'sfinancialperformance.问题1:Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenamergerandanacquisition?问题2:WhydocompaniespursueeconomiesofscalethroughM&A?问题3:HowcanM&Ahelpacompanygainmarketpower?问题4:WhataretherisksassociatedwithM&Atransactions?问题5:HowcanM&Abeameansofexpandingintonewmarketsorproductlines?文章二Theglobalfinancialcrisisof2008hadaprofoundimpactontheworldeconomy.ItwastriggeredbyacombinationoffactorsinthehousingmarketintheUnitedStates.Oneofthemaincauseswasthewidespreadissuanceofsubprimemortgages.Theseweremortgagesgiventoborrowerswithpoorcredithistories.Lendersrelaxedtheirlendingstandards,believingthathousingpriceswouldcontinuetorise.Asaresult,alargenumberofpeoplewhocouldnotaffordtorepaytheloanseasilyobtainedmortgages.Anotherfactorwasthesecuritizationofthesemortgages.Banksbundledthesesubprimemortgagesintofinancialproductsandsoldthemtoinvestorsaroundtheworld.Thecomplexnatureofthesesecuritizedproductsmadeitdifficultforinvestorstoassessthetruerisk.WhenhousingpricesstartedtodeclineintheUnitedStates,manyborrowersdefaultedontheirmortgages.Thisledtoasignificantdropinthevalueofthesecuritizedmortgage-backedsecurities.Financialinstitutionsthatheldthesesecuritiessufferedhugelosses,whichinturnledtoafreezeinthefinancialmarkets.Banksbecamereluctanttolendtoeachother,andcreditdriedup.Thecrisisspreadgloballyasfinancialinstitutionsaroundtheworldwereinterconnected.Itledtoasevererecession,withmanybusinessesclosing,unemploymentrising,andgovernmentshavingtointervenewithlarge-scalestimuluspackagestostabilizetheireconomies.问题1:Whatwerethemaincausesofthe2008globalfinancialcrisis?问题2:Howdidthesecuritizationofsubprimemortgagescontributetothecrisis?问题3:WhathappenedwhenhousingpricesdeclinedintheUnitedStates?问题4:Whydidthefinancialcrisisspreadglobally?问题5:Whatmeasuresdidgovernmentstaketodealwiththecrisis?五、案例分析（共1题，20分）CompanyAisamid-sizedmanufacturingcompanyintheautomotivepartsindustry.Ithasbeenfacingincreasingcompetitioninrecentyears.ThemanagementofCompanyAisconsideringtwostrategicoptions:eithertoexpanditsproductlinebydevelopinganewtypeofhigh-techautomotivepartortoacquireasmallercompetitor,CompanyB.CompanyAhasconductedmarketresearchandfoundthatthereisagrowingdemandforhigh-techautomotiveparts,whichcouldpotentiallyincreaseitsmar