安徽省宣城市2025-2026学年度高一英语上学期期末检测试题含解析

2025—2026学年度第一学期期末检测

高一英语试题

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5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.HowdoesMaryfeelaboutherjob?

A.It’stiring.B.It’sdifficult.C.It’spleasing.

2Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

.

A.Neighbors.B.Strangers.C.Bossandsecretary.

3.WhydoesthewomanenjoyspeakingtoDavid?

A.Heknowsalot.B.Heoftengetsgoodgrades.C.Hestudiesmedicine.

4.WhowasBrunel?

A.Aboxer.B.Anengineer.C.Amanager.

5.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?

A.Sheateout.B.Shewentfishing.C.Shemadesoup.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时

间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whydoesthemanspeaktothewoman?

A.Toaskforadvice.B.Toexpressthanks.C.Toofferaninvitation.

7.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?

A.Gotothestore.B.Makeacall.C.Givesomeinstructions.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whydidthemanmaketea?

A.Tocolorthepaper.B.Totreathisfriend.C.Topreparebreakfast.

9.Howdidthemanmarkthelocationofthetreasure?

A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bymakingacut.C.BywritingabigX.

10Whatwillthewomandonext?

.

A.Watchashow.B.Playagame.C.Readabook.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whatisthemandoingprobably?

A.Hostingaprogram.B.Doingajobinterview.C.Havingameeting.

12.Whatdoesthewomanoftendrinkinthemorning?

A.Milk.B.Fruitjuice.C.Vegetablesoup.

13.Howmanyspecificcountriesdoesthewomanmention?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14.Howdoesthemansoundinthebeginning?

A.Excited.B.Angry.C.Upset.

15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkmightbethereasonforthestudents’quietness?

A.Lackofinterest.B.Sleepiness.C.Culturaldifferences.

16.Whatshouldthemanaskthestudentstodoaccordingtothewoman?

A.Discusscommunicationstyles.B.Designdifferentactivities.C.Collectreading

materials.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlyfocusonaboutextremesports?

A.Theirdevelopment.B.Theirpopularity.C.Theirculturalmeaning.

18.Whofirstdevelopedthesportofsurfing?

A.TheSpanishexplorers.B.TheAfricanworkers.C.TheHawaiianpeople.

19.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttoshowbymentioningkitesurfing?

A.Itappliesnewsafetyequipment.B.Itunitestwoancientsports.C.Itiscatching

attention.

20.Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetoextremesports?

A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Unclear.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Duringthe2024-25fluseason,about1.3millionpeoplewereinhospitalbecauseofinfluenza

(流感).AdietitiannamedSamanthaHellerpointsoutthatitisveryimportanttoeatfoodsthat

makeourimmunesystemstronger,especiallybecausegettingoldermakesourbodylessableto

fightdiseases.Therearefourgreatfoodsthatcanstrengthenourimmunesysteminwinter:

Beans

Beanshaveplentyofzinc(锌),whichhelpsmakemorewhitebloodcellstofightillnesses.

Ifpeopledonotgetenoughzinc,theirimmunesystemwillnotworkwell.ClinicaldietitianAnna

Taylorsuggestseatingatleasthalfacupofcookedbeansthreetimesaweek.Thiscankeephealthy

zinclevelsinthebodyandstoptheimmunesystemfrombecomingweak.

Berries

BerriesarerichinvitaminC,whichalsocontributestomakingmorewhitebloodcells.A

2018studyshowedthateatingberriescanincreasedisease-fightingcellsinolderadults,such

asnaturalkillercellsandTcells.Taylorthinksberriesareoneofthebestfoodstosupport

immunity(免疫力).

Sweetpotatoes

Sweetpotatoesarerichinbeta-carotene,whichisgoodforourbreathinghealth,andalso

helpsthebodymakemoreimmunecells.Taylorsayssweetpotatoesareveryimportantforolder

people.Astheyage,theirimmunesystemsproducefewerimmunecells.Sheadvisesbakingsweet

potatoeswitholiveoilandblackpepper.

Nutsandseeds

Nutsandseeds,especiallywalnuts,arehighinvitaminE.VitaminEhelpstheimmunesystem

growmoreTcellstofightdiseases.ClinicalnutritionistKateCohensayswalnutsarethebest

choiceamongnuts.Theyhavealpha-linolenicacid(亚麻酸),whichsupportsimmunityandisnot

foundinmostothernuts.Sowalnutsworkbettertoimproveimmunitythanothernuts.

Eatingthesefoodscanhelpyoubuildastrongerimmunesystem,andbetterprotectyoufrom

thefluandotherwinterillnesses.

1.HowoftendoesTaylorrecommendeatingcookedbeanstoimproveimmunity?

A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Twiceaweek.D.Threetimesaweek.

2.Whyarewalnutsabetterimmune-improvingchoicethanothernuts?

A.Becausetheyhaveauniquecontentofalpha-linolenicacid.

B.BecausetheycontainthemostvitaminEamongallnuts.

C.BecausetheybetterhelpthegrowthofTcells.

D.Becausetheycandirectlykillfluviruses.

3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tomakereadersawareoftheimportanceofdiet.

B.Toexplaintheseriousnessofthe2024-25fluseason.

C.Tointroducefourfoodsthatimproveimmunityagainsttheflu.

D.Tocomparethehealthvaluesofdifferentflu-fightingfoods.

【答案】1.D2.A3.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四种有助于在冬季增强免疫系统、预防流感的食物及其功效。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据原文Beans部分“ClinicaldietitianAnnaTaylorsuggestseatingatleasthalfa

cupofcookedbeansthreetimesaweek.(临床营养师安娜・泰勒建议每周食用三次熟豆类，每次至少半

杯。)”可知，泰勒建议每周吃三次熟豆类来提高免疫力，故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据原文Nutsandseeds部分“Theyhavealpha-linolenicacid(亚麻酸),whichsupports

immunityandisnotfoundinmostothernuts.(它们含有亚麻酸，这种物质有助于增强免疫力，且在

大多数其他坚果中不存在。)”可知，核桃比其他坚果更能提升免疫力是因为含有独特的亚麻酸，故选A。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据原文第一段“Therearefourgreatfoodsthatcanstrengthenourimmunesystemin

winter:(有四种很棒的食物可以在冬季增强我们的免疫系统：)”以及最后一段“Eatingthesefoodscan

helpyoubuildastrongerimmunesystem,andbetterprotectyoufromthefluandotherwinter

illnesses.(食用这些食物有助于你建立更强的免疫系统，更好地保护你免受流感和其他冬季疾病的侵袭。)”

可知，本文的主要目的是介绍四种提高免疫力、预防流感的食物，故选C。

B

TheskieshadneverseenapilotlikeBessieColemanbefore.ShewasthefirstAfrican-American

womantogetaninternationalpilot’slicense.ButasaBlackwomaninthe1920s,shefacedmany

challengesbecauseofherraceandgender.Shewouldsaythat“theairistheonlyplacefree

fromprejudice(偏见).”

ColemanwasborninAtlanta,Texas,onJanuary26,1892.Aftergraduatingfromahighschool

forblackchildren,shewenttoOklahomaColoredAgriculturalandNormalUniversityin1910but

hadtodropoutbecauseshedidn’thavethemoneytopayforschool.

ShethenmovedtoChicago,Illinois,in1915andworkedinabarbershoppaintingfingernails.

WhenherbrotherJohnreturnedfromfightinginFranceduringWorldWarI,hetoldstoriesof

thefreedomthatwomenoverseasenjoyed.Theycouldbepilots,hesaid.ThatinspiredBessie’s

newdream:tobeafemalepilot.

ShesavedupmoneyandappliedtoU.S.flightschools.Butnoschoolacceptedherbecause

shewasBlackandawoman.Finally,RobertAbbott,thepublisherofanAfrican-Americannewspaper,

suggestedshetryschoolsinFrance.ShelearnedFrench,lefttheUnitedStates,andstarted

learningintheCauldronBrothers’SchoolofAviationinLeCrotoy,France.Sheearnedher

internationalpilot’slicenseonJune15,1921,withinayearofstudy.Afterwardshestudied

stuntflying(特技飞行)acrossEurope.

WhenshereturnedtotheUnitedStatesin1922asanaerialacrobat(空中杂技演员),Coleman

amazedBlackandwhiteaudienceswithherwonderfulskills.Shealsousedherfametofightracism,

refusingtoflyinshowsthatforcedBlackandwhiteaudiencestoenterthroughdifferentgates.

In1923,Colemanexperiencedabadaccidentthatleftherwithabrokenleg.Butsoonshe

recoveredandstarteddoingstuntsatairshowsagain.HergoalwastoopenaschoolforBlack

pilots,butsheneverrealizedthatdream.OnApril30,1926,shediedinaplaneaccident.But

herbraveskillsofflighthaveinspiredagroupofBlackwomenpilotswhocameafterherand

journeyedtothesky.

4.WhydidBessieColemandropoutoftheuniversity?

A.Becauseshewantedtolearntoflyplanes.

B.Becauseshecouldn’taffordtheuniversity.

C.BecauseshemovedtoChicagowithherfamily.

D.Becauseshewasnotallowedtostudyforherrace.

5.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3andparagraph4?

A.Frenchwomenwereprofessionalpilots.

B.JohnencouragedBessietofightinWorldWarI.

C.WomeninFrancehadmorefreedomthanthoseintheUS.

D.Frenchflightschoolswelcomedallinternationalstudents.

6.WhatdidBessieColemandotofightracism?

A.ShesetupflightschoolsspeciallyforBlackpeople.

B.ShesharedherflyingexperiencestoinspireBlackpeople.

C.Sheonlyperformedinairshowsthatwelcomedallracesequally.

D.SherefusedtoperforminairshowsthatseparatedBlackandwhiteviewers.

7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsBessieColeman?

A.Admiring.B.Doubtful.C.Objective.D.Unclear.

【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了贝西·科尔曼的生平事迹，她作为首位获得国际飞行员执照的

非裔美国女性，克服了种族和性别的重重障碍，在航空领域取得了卓越成就。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Aftergraduatingfromahighschoolforblackchildren,shewentto

OklahomaColoredAgriculturalandNormalUniversityin1910buthadtodropoutbecauseshedidn’t

havethemoneytopayforschool.(从黑人儿童高中毕业后，她于1910年进入俄克拉荷马州有色人种农

业师范大学，但因没钱支付学费而不得不辍学。)”可知，贝西·科尔曼因为上不起大学而退学。故选B。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“WhenherbrotherJohnreturnedfromfightinginFranceduringWorldWar

I,hetoldstoriesofthefreedomthatwomenoverseasenjoyed.Theycouldbepilots,hesaid.(当

她的哥哥约翰从第一次世界大战中的法国战场回来时，他讲述了海外女性享有的自由。他说，她们可以成

为飞行员。)”和第四段提到“ButnoschoolacceptedherbecauseshewasBlackandawoman.(但因

为没有学校接受她，因为她是黑人和女性。)”可知，从第三段和第四段我们可以知道法国的女性比美国的

女性拥有更多的自由。故选C。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“Shealsousedherfametofightracism,refusingtoflyinshowsthat

forcedBlackandwhiteaudiencestoenterthroughdifferentgates.(她还利用自己的名气对抗种族

主义，拒绝在强迫黑人和白人观众从不同入口进入的表演中飞行。)”可知，贝西·科尔曼通过拒绝在将黑

人和白人观众分开的航空表演中表演来对抗种族主义。故选D。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“ButherbraveskillsofflighthaveinspiredagroupofBlackwomen

pilotswhocameafterherandjourneyedtothesky.(但她勇敢的飞行技巧激励了一群追随她的黑人

女飞行员，她们踏上了天空之旅。)”并结合上文可知，作者详细描述了贝西·科尔曼如何克服重重困难，

成为首位获得国际飞行员执照的非裔美国女性，以及她如何利用自己的影响力对抗种族主义，由此可推测

出作者对贝西·科尔曼的态度是钦佩的。故选A。

C

Inmanypartsoftheworld,autumnbringscoolerweatherandabeautifulchange—leaves

onsometreesturnfromgreentobrightshadesofyellow,orange,andred.Butthosecolorsare

short-livedbeforeleavesfallofftheirtrees.Haveyoueverwonderedwhythishappens?It’s

allpartofhowtheplantsprepareforwinter.

Treesspendmuchoftheyearturningsunshineintofoodthroughphotosynthesis(光合作用).

Thisprocessreliesonagreenpigment(色素)inleavescalledchlorophyll(叶绿素).Butasautumn

approaches,daysgetshorterandnightsgetcolder.Plantscannolongermakeenoughchlorophyll

tokeeptheirleavesgreen.Instead,theybreakdownchlorophyllintosmallerpartsandthentake

themin.Thissavesenergybecauseplantsdon’thavetomakechlorophyllfromtheverybeginning

whenspringcomes.Whenchlorophylldiesaway,otherpigmentsintheleavesstarttoshow.These

pigmentsnotonlycreatebeautifulcolorsbutalsoprotectleavesfrombeingeatenbyinsects

ordamagedbysunlight.

Atthesametime,thesetreesstopputtingeffortintoholdingontotheirleaves.Getting

ridoftheirleavescanhelptreeskeepwaterintheirbodiesoverwinter.Italsoallowsstrong

windstoblowmoreeasilythroughtrees’branches,puttinglessstressonthem.

However,notalltreesletgooftheirautumnleavessoeasily.Forexample,somewillows

(柳树)mayholdontotheirleavesallwinter.Thiscanhelpprotecttheirbranchesfromhungry

animals.Conifer(针叶树)treeslikewisekeeptheirneedlesyear-round.Needlescanbearthecold

moreeasilythanleavesdo.Soitcostsconiferslessenergytohangontotheirneedlesthan

toremoveandregrowthemyearly.

Haveacloselookatthetreesoutsideyourownwindowwhentheleaveschangeinautumnand

falltotheground.Bycollectingdataonyourlocalbiodiversity(生物多样性),youcancontribute

tocitizenscienceprojects.Plus,spendingtimewithnaturecancheeryouup—somethingmany

ofusneedasthedaysgrowdarkerandcolder.

8.Whatcontributestotheleavesofsometreeschangingcolorsinautumn?

A.Insectseatingupthegreenpigmentinleaves.

B.Thesunlightbeingnotstrongenoughinautumn.

C.Treesneedingmoreenergytomakenewgreenpigments.

D.Chlorophyllinleavesdisappearingandotherpigmentsappearing.

9.Whatistheadvantagefortreestoremoveleavesinwinter?

A.Itcanhelptreestakeinmoresunlighteasily.

B.Itcanmaketreesgrownewleavesquicklyinspring.

C.Itcanprotecttrees’branchesfrombeingeatenbyanimals.

D.Itcanhelptreeskeepwaterandreducestressfromstrongwinds.

10.Whatcanwelearnaboutconifertreesfromthepassage?

A.Theylosetheirneedleseveryautumnlikeothertrees.

B.Theirneedlesarenotabletostandcoldwinterweather.

C.Theykeeptheirneedlesallyearroundforenergysaving.

D.Theyneedtoconsumemoreenergytokeepneedlesthanregrowthem.

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Wecanonlyenjoythebeautyofautumnleavesbywatchingthem.

B.Gettingclosetonatureishelpfulforourmentalhealthinautumn.

C.Thedaysinautumnarebrightandwarmforpeopletogoout.

D.Citizenscienceprojectsonlyneeddataaboutautumnleaves.

【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了秋天树叶变色是因为叶绿素分解、其他色素显现。树木落叶是

为了保水、减少风压。不同树木过冬方式不同，亲近秋日自然还能改善心情。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenchlorophylldiesaway,otherpigmentsintheleavesstarttoshow.(当

叶绿素逐渐消失后，叶子中的其他色素便会开始显现出来)”可知，树叶中的叶绿素消失，而其他色素显现

出来导致一些树木的叶子在秋天会变色。故选D。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Gettingridoftheirleavescanhelptreeskeepwaterintheirbodies

overwinter.Italsoallowsstrongwindstoblowmoreeasilythroughtrees’branches,putting

lessstressonthem.(掉树叶有助于树木在冬季保存体内水分。此外，这还能让强风更顺畅地穿过树枝，

从而减轻树木的压力)”可知，树木在冬季落叶可以有助于树木保持水分，并减轻强风带来的压力。故选D。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Needlescanbearthecoldmoreeasilythanleavesdo.Soitcosts

coniferslessenergytohangontotheirneedlesthantoremoveandregrowthemyearly.(针叶

植物的针叶比叶子更能耐受寒冷。因此，针叶植物保存针叶所需的能量要少于每年脱落并重新长出针叶所

消耗的能量)”可知，针叶树全年都保持针叶状态，以实现节能。故选C。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Plus,spendingtimewithnaturecancheeryouup—somethingmanyof

usneedasthedaysgrowdarkerandcolder.(此外，与大自然接触能让你心情愉悦——在天气渐趋阴

冷的日子里，这一点对我们来说尤为重要)”可推知，在秋天亲近大自然对我们的心理健康有益。故选B。

D

IcelandliesacrosstheMid-AtlanticRidge,adividinglinebetweentwoofEarth’scrustal

(地壳的)plateswhicharemovingapart.Thatallowshot,liquidrockcalledmagmatowellupeasily

fromthedepths.IcelandalsositsjustbelowtheArcticcircleandenjoysglacier-friendlycold

temperatures,housing34activevolcanoes(火山),halfburiedundericeupto1kmthick.

Astheclimatewarms,theseglaciersaremelting(融化).GlaciersbeardownontheEarth’s

crust,squeezing(挤压)theunderlyingrockandraisingitsmeltingpoint.Removetheiceand

therockbouncesback,easingpressure.Thislowersthemeltingpoint,increasingmagmaformation,

whichtheneruptsaslava.Somepredicttheglacierswilldisappearintwocenturies,whichcould

upsetthevolcanoesbelow,causingthemtoeruptmorefrequently,morewildlyorboth.

EarlygeologicaldatasuggestsIcelandnowproducestwoorthreetimesmoremagmathanacentury

ago.SomevolcanoeslikeGrimsvotnandBardarbungahavegrownmoreactive,whileotherslikeKatla

havestayedquietforoveracenturybutmayeruptmorewildly.Historysupportsthislink:some

10,000yearsago,afterthickicemeltedawayduringthelasticeage,therewere30to50times

morevolcaniceruptionsinIceland.

Thisisn’tuniquetoIceland—Antarctica,Alaska,andtheAndesaresimilarlyaffected,

witharound250volcanoesunderornearice.Researchpublishedin2020suggeststhatthoughonly

20,000peoplelivewithin5kmofanaffectedvolcano,160millionpeoplewithin100kmofone

faceriskslikewatershortagesandmudslides.Andpeopleneednotlivenearbytobeaffected.

WhenEyjafjallajokull,asmallvolcanobyIcelandicstandards,erupted15yearsago,itsentinto

theatmosphereanashcloudenoughtocausesixdaysofairtravelproblems.Inthelate18th

century,Laki,anotherIcelandicvolcano,pouredoutsomuchsulphurdioxide(SO2)andashthat

somehistorianssuggestcropfailuresprecipitatedbytheresultingdropintemperatureshelped

leadtotheFrenchrevolution.

12.WhatmakesmagmaeasytowellupinIceland?

A.BeingontheMid-AtlanticRidge.B.Thethickicecoveringvolcanoes.

C.ItslocationneartheArcticcircle.D.Thefrequentvolcaniceruptions.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“precipitated”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Caused.B.Prevented.C.Recorded.D.Discovered.

14.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Icelandmayexperienceactivevolcanoes.

B.Globalwarmingmayhavevolcanicresults.

C.Volcaniceruptionsmaycauseseriousproblems.

D.Glaciermeltingmayleadtolandmovingquickly.

15.Whereisthispassagemostprobablyfrom?

A.Anaturaltravelblog.B.Afictionalnovel.

C.Ascientificmagazine.D.Aweatherforecastreport.

【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了冰岛因位于大西洋中脊而地壳活动频繁，同时全球变暖导致冰

川融化，进而可能引发更多火山喷发的现象，并指出这一现象不仅限于冰岛，还可能对全球产生广泛影响。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“IcelandliesacrosstheMid-AtlanticRidge,adividinglinebetweentwo

ofEarth’scrustalplateswhicharemovingapart.Thatallowshot,liquidrockcalledmagmato

wellupeasilyfromthedepths.(冰岛横跨大西洋中脊，这是地球地壳两个板块之间的分界线，这两个

板块正在分离。这使得被称为岩浆的炽热液态岩石能够轻易地从深处喷涌而出。)”可知，冰岛位于大西洋

中脊，这使得岩浆容易喷涌而出。故选A。

【13题详解】

词句猜测题。根据上文“Inthelate18thcentury,Laki,anotherIcelandicvolcano,pouredoutso

muchsulphurdioxide(SO2)andash(18世纪末，另一座冰岛火山拉基喷出了大量的二氧化硫和火山灰)”

和下文“theresultingdropintemperatureshelpedleadtotheFrenchrevolution(温度下降所导

致的作物歉收帮助引发了法国大革命)”可知，火山喷发造成气温下降，这导致粮食歉收，从而助推法国大

革命。由此可知，precipitated的意思是“导致”。故选A。

【14题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Astheclimatewarms,theseglaciersaremelting.Glaciersbeardownon

theEarth’scrust,squeezingtheunderlyingrockandraisingitsmeltingpoint.Removetheice

andtherockbouncesback,easingpressure.Thislowersthemeltingpoint,increasingmagma

formation,whichtheneruptsaslava.(随着气候变暖，这些冰川正在融化。冰川压在地球地壳上，挤

压下面的岩石，提高其熔点。去掉冰层，岩石就会反弹，减轻压力。这会降低熔点，增加岩浆的形成，然

后岩浆会以熔岩的形式喷发。)”和最后一段“Thisisn’tuniquetoIceland—Antarctica,Alaska,

andtheAndesaresimilarlyaffected,witharound250volcanoesunderornearice.(这并不是冰

岛独有的现象——南极洲、阿拉斯加和安第斯山脉也受到类似影响，冰下或冰附近有大约250座火山。)”

可知，本文主要讨论的是全球变暖可能会产生火山后果。故选B。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。文章主要讨论了冰岛因位于大西洋中脊而地壳活动频繁，同时全球变暖导致冰川融化，进而

可能引发更多火山喷发的现象，并指出这一现象不仅限于冰岛，还可能对全球产生广泛影响，由此可知，

这篇文章最可能来自一本科学杂志。故选C。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Didyouknowwelosehalfourfriendseverysevenyears?Themostcommonreasonwedoisn’t

thatwe’vebecomebasicallyincompatible(不相容的).It’sbecausewe’renolongerinthesame

placeatthesametime.___16___.Weneedsomethingcalled“sharedsocialcontexts(环境)”

forthemtocontinue.

Theproblem,however,maynotbethatfriendshipscommonlydecreaseinclosenessovertime.

___17___.Onestudyfoundthatreachingouttoafriendwhomwehaven’tspokentoinawhile

isjustasuncomfortableasreachingouttoastranger.

Anotherstudyonlong-distancefriendshipsshowedwhenweassumethatafriendshipis

“flexible”andnot“fragile(脆弱的),”it’smorelong-lasting.___18___.Thismeansthat

ifwehaven’tspokentoafriendinawhile,weshouldassumethatwecanstillreconnectat

anytime.Abouthalfoffriendshipsdidnotincreaseinclosenessstraight.Theywentthrough

upsanddowns.___19___.Aboutaquarterofclosefriendshipsturnedintocasualonesgradually

atsometimepoint,butthenendeduptransformingintobestfriendshipslateron.

Howdowegetourselvestoreachouttotheseoldfriends?Weneedsupportingstrategies.

Onestudyinvolvedhavingpeoplesendseveralmessagestopresentfriends,andthentheywere

giventimetotextamessagetoanoldfriend.Whentheypracticedstartingcontactwitholdfriends,

theyweremorelikelytoreachouttotheoldfriend.___20___.Youstillsharememories,history,

andanawarenessthatyouhavethepossibilitytolikeeachother,becauseyouhaveinthepast.

Friendshipsdon’tendasmuchasfallasleep,andasimplecheck-incanwakethembackup.

A.Manyofourfriendshipsareactually“locationships”

B.Yournolongeractivefriendshipsarenotthoseofstrangers

C.Keepingyouroldfriendshipsmaycostyoutimeandenergy

D.Thekeytosuchfriendshipsisapositiveattitudetowardsflexibility

E.Somefriendshipseventakea“break”beforebecomingcloseragain

F.Itisthatwemayassumefriendshipisoverjustbecauseitislessclose

G.Fewfriendshipscanstandthetestoftime,accordingtosomeresearchers

【答案】16.A17.F18.D19.E20.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们每七年会失去半数朋友，多因环境改变而非不合。友谊需共同环境，我们

常因疏远误以为结束。保持积极灵活心态、主动联系，可重连旧友，友谊多是沉睡而非终结。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Didyouknowwelosehalfourfriendseverysevenyears?Themostcommonreasonwedo

isn’tthatwe’vebecomebasicallyincompatible(不相容的).It’sbecausewe’renolongerin

thesameplaceatthesametime(你知道吗？我们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。最常见的原因**并不是

我们变得彼此不合，而是我们无法再在同一时间、身处同一个地方。）”以及下文“Weneedsomethingcalled

“sharedsocialcontexts”forthemtocontinue.(我们需要所谓的“共同社交环境”才能让友谊延续)”

可知，空格处需承接前文“地理位置不同导致友谊变淡”这一原因，对这类依赖地点的友谊进行概括。A选

项“Manyofourfriendshipsareactually“locationships””(我们的许多友谊其实都是“靠地点维

系的关系”)精准承接前文，点明友谊依赖共同环境，与后文“sharedsocialcontexts”形成呼应，符合

语境。故选A项。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Theproblem,however,maynotbethatfriendshipscommonlydecreaseinclosenessover

time.(然而，问题可能并不在于友谊会随着时间变得疏远)”可知，空格处需以“Itisthat…”构成

“not…but…”转折结构，指出真正的问题所在。F选项“Itisthatwemayassumefriendshipisover

justbecauseitislessclose(问题在于我们可能仅仅因为关系没那么亲密就认定友谊已经结束)与前

一句形成完整转折，点明人们对友谊的错误认知，符合语境。故选F项。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Anotherstudyonlong-distancefriendshipsshowedwhenweassumethatafriendshipis

“flexible”andnot“fragile(脆弱的),”it’smorelong-lasting(另一项关于异地友谊的研究

表明，当我们认为一段友谊是“有弹性的”而非“脆弱的”，它就会更持久)”可知，空格处需承接前文

“flexible”这一核心词，说明维持这类友谊的关键。D选项“Thekeytosuchfriendshipsisapositive

attitudetowardsflexibility”(这类友谊的关键在于对弹性保持积极态度)精准呼应前文“flexible”，

进一步解释研究结论，符合语境。故选D项。

【19题详解】

根据上文“Abouthalfoffriendshipsdidnotincreaseinclosenessstraight.Theywentthrough

upsanddowns.(大约一半的友谊并不会一直变得亲密，它们会经历起伏)”以及下文“Aboutaquarterof

closefriendshipsturnedintocasualonesgraduallyatsometimepoint,butthenendedup

transformingintobestfriendshipslateron.(约四分之一的亲密友谊会在某一时刻逐渐变成普通友谊，

但后来又重新变成最好的友谊)”可知，空格处需进一步说明友谊会经历暂停再重新变亲密的过程。E选项

“Somefriendshipseventakea“break”beforebecomingcloseragain(有些友谊甚至会先“暂停”，

然后再次变得亲密)承接前文“起伏”，并与后文内容一致，符合语境。故选E项。

【20题详解】

根据下文“Youstillsharememories,history,andanawarenessthatyouhavethepossibilityto

likeeachother,becauseyouhaveinthepast.(你们仍然共享回忆、过往，并且知道你们有可能互相

喜欢，因为你们曾经喜欢过)”可知，空格处需强调老朋友和陌生人不一样。B选项“Yournolongeractive

friendshipsarenotthoseofstrangers”(你那些不再活跃的友谊并不是陌生人的关系)引出后文老朋

友之间依然存在的联结，与“stranger”形成对比，符合语境。故选B项。

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I’vealwayslovedtraveling,andhavespentmostofmyadultlifeonthemoveorplanning

mynextadventure.In2023,IvisitedtheGalapagosIslandsand___21___PostOfficeBayonFloreana

Island,whereanoldwhiskybarrel(桶)___22___asapostbox.Peoplewillleavealetterand

takeonethattheycan___23___totheirnextdestination.

Thebarrelwas___24___withpostcards.Itookacouplehomeandhappilydeliveredthem.The

recipientswereincrediblygrateful,anditfeltwonderfultohave___25___suchjoy.Weekslater,

Icouldn’tstop___26___abouttheletters.ThenIthought:WhatifIspentayeardelivering

lettersfromthatpostbox?IrealizedIcouldkeepmy___27___jobwhiletravelingtheworldand

deliveringpost.SoIdecidedto___28___myjourneyonsocialmediatokeeparecordofmy

adventuresandconnectwithpeople.

In2024,I___29___totheGalapagosandpicked55lettersandpostcards.Iaimedtodeliver

oneaweek,relyingonlyonaddressesratherthansocialmedia.Iwasextremely____30____during

thefirstfewdeliveriesasIhadno