2025~2026学年天津市河西区高三上学期期末考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年天津市河西区高三上学期期末考试英语试卷一、单项选择1.—I’mthinkingofsigningupforthemarathonnextmonth.—________?Youhaven’truninyears.

A．WhynotB．HowcomeC．SowhatD．Whatif2.ItreallyannoysmethatwheneverIhaveimportantissuestodealwith,somethingunexpectedalwayskeepsgetting________.

A．insightB．inthewayC．aroundthecornerD．outofdanger3.WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakes________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.

A．fromwhichB．inwhichC．withwhomD．forwhom4.—Willyoutakemypreviousexperienceinto________whenyoufixmysalary?—Youbet.Wealwaysdoforsenior-levelpositions.

A．mindB．thoughtC．referenceD．account5.________inaremotevillagefordecades,theelderlyartistfoundthecity’spaceoflifeoverwhelming.

A．HavinglivedB．LivedC．ToliveD．Living6.It’swidelyacknowledgedthatapositiveattitude________greatlytoone’ssuccessandhappiness.

A．contributesB．attachesC．linksD．attracts7.---Ihonestlydon'tthinkI'mgoingtobeadmitted.---Well,youneverknow!You________abetterimpressionthanyouthink.

A．mayhavemadeB．shouldhavemadeC．couldn'thavemadeD．needn'thavemade8.Anyonewhoisfoundcheatingwillautomatically________theopportunitytoparticipateinthecompetition.

A．beawardedwithB．beintendedforC．bedisqualifiedfromD．beimpressedwith9.—Thefinalexaminationisaroundthecorner.Icouldn'tgooutandplayfootballwithyou.—Comeon..AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.

A．BeallearsB．It’sapieceofcakeC．Don’tbeawetblanketD．Don’tpullmyleg10.Thedevelopmentofnewmedia,________fromtheinternettodigitaltelevision，meansthatpeopleworkinginadvertisingwillhavetocomeupwithmorewaystocatchthepublic’sattention.

A．rangesB．rangedC．torangeD．ranging11.—Howaboutgoingcampingthisweekend?—I’dloveto,butmyscheduleis________full.Maybenexttime.

A．tightlyB．roughlyC．slightlyD．fairly12.Weshouldgivethetaskto________ismostcapableandreliable.

A．whoeverB．whomeverC．whoD．whom13.She________tofinishherprojectbeforethedeadline,butunexpectedtechnicalproblemsoccurred,causingadelayinherschedule.

A．hasplannedB．hadplannedC．plannedD．wouldplan14.Thekeytolearningalanguagewellliesnotonlyinrememberingrulesbutinthe________useofit.

A．intelligentB．rewardingC．factualD．practical15.________somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.

A．BecauseB．IfC．UnlessD．While二、完形填空Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay＂sorry,________number!＂andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliams__________atextthatclearlywasn’tintendedforhim,hedidsomething__________.OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext__________himthatacouplehedidn’tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe__________ofababy.＂Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken,＂Dennis__________.Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere__________quicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher__________,shedidn’tseemtorealizethatshewas__________thebaby’sphotoswithacompletestranger.＂Well,Idon’t__________youallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby,＂repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew__________werein.Muchtothefamily’ssurprise,Dennisstucktohis__________!Heturnedupatthehospital__________giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.Lindsey’shusbandwastotally__________bytheunexpectedvisit.＂Idon’tthinkwewouldhaverandomlyinvitedhimoverbutwe__________itandthegifts.＂Teresa__________aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite__________bythetouchingwords:＂Whata__________thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewasso__________andkindtodothis.＂Theposthassincegainedthe__________ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.16.A．unluckyB．secretC．newD．wrong17.A．receivedB．translatedC．copiedD．printed18.A．reasonableB．specialC．necessaryD．practical19.A．convincingB．remindingC．informingD．warning20.A．wake-upB．recoveryC．growthD．arrival21.A．respondedB．interruptedC．predictedD．repeated22.A．cominginB．settingoutC．passingdownD．movingaround23.A．opinionB．anxietyC．excitementD．effort24.A．comparingB．exchangingC．discussingD．sharing25.A．acceptB．knowC．believeD．bother26.A．parentsB．doctorsC．patientsD．visitors27.A．dreamB．promiseC．agendaD．principle28.A．bearingB．collectingC．openingD．making29.A．discouragedB．relaxedC．astonishedD．defeated30.A．admitB．needC．appreciateD．expect31.A．foundB．selectedC．developedD．posted32.A．confirmedB．simplifiedC．clarifiedD．accompanied33.A．pityB．blessingC．reliefD．problem34.A．smartB．calmC．sweetD．fair35.A．sympathyB．attentionC．controlD．trust三、阅读理解HistoryFairCompetitionUnderstandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.Historyismuchmorethanthestudyofdustyoldobjectsandeventslongpast.Itisanessentialpartofwhowearetodayandwhowewillbecome.ThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetitionmakesunderstandinghistoryexciting,engaging,andfun！ThisYear’sThemeAllparticipantsmustaddresshowcommunicationortransportationtechnologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericansthroughouthistory.Tomanypeople,technologymeanscomputers,hand-helddevices,orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.However,technologyisalsotheapplicationofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.Individualsorgroupsmayenteroneofthefollowingcategories:·Performance·Documentary(纪实作品)·EssayWritingCategoryRequirementsPerformance:Adramaticpresentationofthetopicnomorethan10minuteslong.Ifspecialclothesareused,theyshouldtrulyrepresentagivenperiod.Documentary:Avisualpresentation(suchasavideo,slideshow,orcomputerproject)nomorethan10minuteslong.Adesktopcomputer,screen,projector,andloudspeakerswillbeavailable.StudentsmustprovidetheirpresentationsonCDsbeforeFriday,March23.EssayWriting:Anacademicpaperof2,000to2,500words.Noillustrations(图解)areallowed.Pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistofreferencesmustbeincluded.ImportantDatesJanuary5Submitatopicproposaltoyourhistoryteacher.Theteachermayrequireasecondproposalifthefirstisoff-topicorunclear.February5Submitafirstdraftofyouressay,performancescript(剧本),ordocumentaryhighlights.February19Acommitteeofteacherswillevaluatematerialsandgiveopinions.Studentsthenhaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirproducts.March9Submitafinaldraftofyouressay.March15PerformanceanddocumentarycommitteepreviewMarch24ThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetition7：00A.M.—9：00A.MParticipantssigninginatthegym10：00A.M.—6：00P.M.Competitionandjudges’review7：00P.M.Awardsceremonyandpicnic36.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatisthemajorgoalofunderstandinghistory?

A．Topreservenationaltraditions.B．Toprepareforahistorycompetition.C．Tobetterknowthepresentandfuture.D．Tofurtherexplorehistoricalmysteries.37.Whatisthethemeofthisyear’scompetition?

A．Technologyadvancesscience.B．Scienceinteractswithtechnology.C．Sciencehasmadethestudyofhistoryeasy.D．TechnologyhasimprovedthelifeofAmericans.38.Amongtheitemsprovidedbytheschoolforavisualpresentationare________.

A．specialclothesandascreenB．adesktopcomputerandaCDC．aprojectorandspecialclothesD．adesktopcomputerandloudspeakers39.Whatwouldaparticipanthavetodowithanessayof1,500wordstomeetthecategoryrequirement?

A．Includemoreinformationintheessay.B．Removethereferences.C．Provideacoverfortheessay.D．Explainthedetailswithillustrations.40.WhatwillthecommitteeofteachersdoonFebruary19?

A．Previewperformancesanddocumentaries.B．Makecommentsonthematerials.C．Improvetheparticipant’sfirstdraft.D．Collectasecondproposalfromtheparticipant.Yesterday,afterarrivinginMadrid,Iknockedonastranger’sdoor.“Isearchedonthewebsite.Willyougivemelessons?”Iasked.ThiswasthereasonI’dcometoSpain.BecauseIoncebelievedIwasmeanttobeafemaleflamenco(弗拉门戈)guitarist.Forty-fiveyearsago,whenIwastwo,myfatheralsocametoMadridandknockedonstrangers’doors.Asawell-knownclassicalguitarist,headmiredflamencoalot,andinSpain,helearntfromanyonewillingtoteachhim.Heapproachedperformersinbars,madefriendswithstreetmusicians,andmanagedtostudywithPacodeLucia,thegreatestflamencoguitaristofourtime.IstartedplayingclassicalguitarwhenIwasfive.Myfather’shandsexplodedacrossthestringslikefireworks.Ipractisedwhileheinstructedandcriticized.IplayedtillIhadsharppaininmyfingertips.Byageseven,Iwascalledachildgenius.Then,at11,Iquit.Heartbroken,myfatherdistancedhimself.Guiltily,Ifollowedsuit.Soon,wespokeonlywhennecessary.Ourrelationshipdidn’trebounduntil,inmyearly20s,Ifoundmyselfpulledbacktoguitar.WhenIwasinmyearly30s,hegotsick.Beforehediedafewyearslater,myfathertoldmetherewerealmostnofemaleflamencoguitaristsintheworld.IfIkeptpractising,Icouldbeoneofthefirst.Ipromised,andheleftmehisguitar.Butafterhedied,Icouldn’tbeartoplayit.He’dspentsomuchtimewithhisarmsaroundthatinstrument,anditseemedanextensionofhisownbody.Holdingitgavemygriefanunbearabletangibility(可触知).Sofor13years,itsatmostlyuntouched,comingoutonlywhenmysonEllisbeggedtoseeit.Hewascarefulwithhisgrandfather’sinstrumentinawaythatmademewanttopassitdowntohim—boththeguitarandthemusic.TheproblemwasthatIcouldn’treallyplayanymore.Now,Antoniaissittingwithmeinherlivingroom,teachingmepatiently.Ihavebeenhereforonlytwodays,andalreadymyfingershurt.It’sasharppain,likewhenafallen-asleeplimb(肢体)returnstolife.Thefeelingdelightsme.ItmeansI’mdoingsomethingright.41.Whichcanbestdescribethefatherwhenhewaslearningflamenco?

A．Cautious.B．Hopeless.C．Depressed.D．Devoted.42.Whichhasthesimilarmeaningwiththeunderlinedword“rebound”inparagraph4?

A．Improve.B．Break.C．Suffer.D．Blossom.43.Whydidtheauthorleavetheguitaruntouched?

A．Sheintendedtopassitdowntoherson.B．Itremindedherofherunpleasantpast.C．Deepsorrowdrownedheratthesightofit.D．Carryingitmadeherfeelasenseofburden.44.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．GuitarLessonsFromStrangersB．LoveforFatherontheStringAgainC．AdventuresforMusicLoversinSpainD．JourneytoSuccessasaFlamencoGuitarist45.Whatdoes“thefeelingdelightsme”suggestabouttheauthor?

A．Sheenjoysthepainoflearning.B．Sheisworriedaboutherprogress.C．ShedislikesAntonia’steaching.D．Shewantstoquitplayingsoon.Predictivecoding,atheoryoriginallydevelopedinneuroscienceandmachinelearning,ischangingourunderstandingofthehumanbrain.Itproposesthatthebrainisnotasimplereceiverofsensoryinformationbutanactive“predictionmachine”.Insteadofprocessingeverydetailfromthebeginning,ourbrainsconstantlymakemodelsoftheworldandguesswhatwewillsee,hear,orfeelnext.Thedifferencebetweenthesepredictionsandtheactualsensoryinput—termedthe“predictionerror”—istheonlyinformationthebrainneedstochangeitsinternalmodels.Thisefficientsystemexplainswhywecaneasilyrecognizeafriend’sfaceinacrowdorunderstandasentenceevenwithbackgroundnoise.However,thissmartefficiencycomeswithcognitivetrade-offs(认知的平衡).Acoreideaofpredictivecodingisthatperceptionisinitsnatureacontrolledfalseimage,heavilyshapedbywhatwealreadybelieve.Thiscanleadtobuilt-inbiases.Forinstance,inafamousexperiment,participantsshownanotclearimageofabicyclewerelatermorelikelytowronglyrecognizesimilarbutnotpresentobjectslikeunicycles,becausetheirbrain’sprediction—basedonthecommonidea“wheeledvehicle”—wasstrongerthantheunclearsensorydata.Suchfindingschallengethesimpleviewofperceptionasanobjectivecamera,suggestinginsteadthatwhatwe“see”isabestguessmadebyourneuralsystem.Theeffectsgobeyondopticalillusions(视觉幻觉)intosocialcognition.Researchshowsthatstereotypes(刻板印象)andculturalexpectationsworkaspowerfulpriorbeliefswithinthepredictivecodingsystem.Whenwemeetsomeonefromagroupwehaveideasabout,ourbrainmayreducepredictionerrorsbyignoringinformationthatgoesagainstourexpectations,therebymakingstrongerpre-existingbiases.Thisneuralwayofworkingprovidesaphysicalbasisfor“confirmationbias,”showinghowoursearchforcognitiveefficiencycanaccidentallycontinuesocialmisunderstandings.Importantly,thebrain’spredictivesystemisnotafixedfate.Neuroplasticity(神经可塑性)makessurethatwithcontinued,attention-drivencontacttonewandoppositeevidence,thebrain’smodelscanbechanged.Thisisthescientificbasisoflearningandmindfulnesspractices.Bypurposelypayingattentiontopredictionerrors—thosemomentswhenrealitysurprisesus—wecanmakeourinternalmodelschange,leadingtomorecorrectperceptionsandlessprejudice.Thus,predictivecodingnotonlyexplainsthebeginningsofourbiasesbutalsoshowsawaytowardovercomingthem,describingthemindasachanging,changeablesystemratherthanafixedrecorderofreality.46.Whatistheprimaryfunctionofthe“predictionerror”accordingtothepredictivecodingtheory?

A．Togenerateentirelynewsensorymodelsfromscratch.B．Tocreatepersistentillusionsthatdominateourperception.C．Toactasthemainsourceofsensoryinformationthebrainreceives.D．Toserveastheonlysignalforthebraintocorrectitsinternalpredictions.47.Theexperimentinvolvingtheunclearbicycleimageismentionedtoillustrate________.

A．thesuperiorityofhumanvisualprocessingB．howpriorbeliefscanchangeperceptualjudgmentC．thedifficultyinrecognizinguncommonobjectsD．thecompleteunreliabilityofhumansenses48.Accordingtothepassage,howdostereotypesfunctionwithinthepredictivecodingframework?

A．Theyeliminateallpredictionerrorsinsocialinteractions.B．Theyserveasneutralpriorbeliefswithnocognitivecost.C．Theymaycontributetostrengtheningexistingbiases.D．Theyareeasilychangedbynewsensoryinformation.49.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthebrain’spredictivesysteminthelastparagraph?

A．Itisunchangeableanddeterminesourperceptionpermanently.B．Itcanbeintentionallymodifiedthroughfocusedattentionandnewexperiences.C．Itsprimaryroleistoresistanyformoflearningoradjustment.D．Itmakesmindfulnesspracticesscientificallyunimportant.50.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A．PredictionandPerception:HowtheBrainConstructsRealityB．ThePassiveBrain:AReceiverofInformationC．TheEndofStereotypes:ANeurosciencePerspectiveD．SensoryOverload:TheBrain’sProcessingChallengeInoursuccess-obsessedculture,failureisoftenseenasafinaldestination,amarkofshametobeavoidedatallcosts.Fromayoungage,wearetaughttofearit,hideit,andracepastitasquicklyaspossible.Butwhatifwe’vebeenlookingatfailureallwrong?Agrowingbodyofresearchinpsychologyandeducationsuggeststhatfailure,whenapproachedcorrectly,isnotadeadendbutacriticalcrossroadsonthepathtogrowthandinnovation.Thekeyliesinourmindset.PsychologistCarolDweck’sworkon“fixed”versus“growth”mindsetsiscentralhere.Individualswithafixedmindsetbelievetheirabilitiesarecarvedinstone.Forthem,failureisadestructivedecisionontheirinherenttalent,leadingtoavoidanceandhelplessness.Thosewithagrowthmindset,however,seeabilitiesasmusclesthatcanbedeveloped.Theyinterpretfailurenotasevidenceoftheirinability,butasavaluablesourceofinformation—asignalthattheircurrentstrategyisn’tworkingandneedsadjustment.Thisreframingtransformsfailurefromathreatintoateacher.Inthescientificcommunity,“negativeresults”—experimentsthatdon’tworkashypothesized(假定)—areincreasinglypublishedandvaluedbecausetheytellfutureresearcherswhatpathsnottotake,savingimmensetimeandresources.Similarly,intheworldofentrepreneurship(企业家精神),seasonedfoundersoftenspeakoftheirearlyfailedventuresastheirmostformativeeducation,teachingthemlessonsaboutmarkets,teams,andresilience(恢复力)thatnobusinessschoolcasestudycould.However,notallfailureisproductive.Thelearningpotentialoffailuredependsonthequalityofthereflectionthatfollowsit.Simplyrepeatingthesamemistakesleadsnowhere.Productivefailureinvolvesadeliberateprocess:analyzingwhatwentwrong,identifyingcontrollablefactors,seekingfeedback,andformulatinganewplanofaction.Itrequiresemotionalresiliencetotoleratethediscomfortofbeingwrongandtheintellectualhonestytoconfrontone’sownshortcomings.Ultimately,bydevaluingfailure,weriskraisingagenerationthatisafraidtotakenecessaryrisks,thinkcreatively,orchallengethestatusquo(现状).Ifwewanttopromotetrueinnovationandresilientindividuals,wemustcultivateenvironments—inschools,workplaces,andhomes—whereintelligent,effort-basedfailureisnotjusttolerated,butwelcomedasanessentialstepinthelearningprocess.Thegoalisnottofail,buttofailforward.51.Whatisthemainpointofthefirstparagraph?

A．Tocriticizesociety’soveremphasisonsuccess.B．Tointroduceanewperspectiveontheroleoffailure.C．Tolistthecommonconsequencesoffailure.D．Tocomparedifferentculturalattitudestowardsfailure.52.AccordingtoCarolDweck’stheory,howdopeoplewitha“growthmindset”viewfailure?

A．Asanopportunitytolearnandimprovetheirstrategies.B．Asapermanentreflectionoftheirintelligence.C．Asasignthattheyshouldgiveupontheirgoals.D．Asapurelynegativeeventtobeforgottenquickly.53.Theauthormentions“negativeresults”inscientificresearchandfailedventuresinentrepreneurshipto________.

A．highlightthehighcostofmakingmistakesinthesefieldsB．provethatfailureisinevitableinanycomplexendeavorC．illustratehowfailurecanprovideinstructivefeedbackD．arguethatthesefieldsaremoretolerantoffailurethanothers54.Whatdetermineswhetherafailurecanleadtogrowth?

A．Theseverityoftheconsequences.B．Theamountoftimeittakestorecover.C．Thequalityofreflectionandanalysisaftertheevent.D．Thenumberofpeoplewhowitnessit.55.Whatistheauthor’sultimateadviceforfosteringinnovation?

A．Tocarefullyavoidanypotentialrisks.B．Tocreateenvironmentsthatencouragelearningfromwell-intentionedfailure.C．Toonlyattempttaskswithahighprobabilityofsuccess.D．Toseparatethelearningprocessfromthepressureofoutcomes.阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。EcocityFarmsisaneducationalnonprofitorganization.Itseeks，toempowerthecommunitybyteachingeconomicdevelopmentjobtrainingandahealthierwayofliving.Thegrouphassetupfarmsnearautomobilerepairbusinessesandfastfoodstoresinurbanneighborhoods.SocialactivistMargaretMorgan-HubbardfoundedEcoCityFarms.ShesaysthelackoffreshproduceisamajorhealthproblemforchildrenandtheirfamilieslivinginMaryland."What'scriticalisthat70percentofthepeopleinthesetownsareeitheroverweight,havesomeillnesses,forexample,diabetes,orhaveotherkindsofdiet-relatedailmentsbecausetheydon'thaveaccesstohealthyfood.EcoCityFarmsoffersseveralprogramsforagriculture,foodandfindingjobswithenvironment-friendlybusinesses.Peoplecanalsolearnhowtocookh