通信及基础工程18

Unit5TextBForgettheInternetOfThings:HereComesthe‘InternetOfCars’ForgettheInternetOfThings:HereComesthe‘InternetOfCars’TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeWhatiflargegroupsofpeoplecouldgobeyondridesharing–replacingtraditionalcarownershipaltogetherthroughon-demandaccesstothecarstheywant:aconvertibleinthesummer,anSUVforwinterskitrips?TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeWhatifdrivingskillscouldbecomputedasascorethatwarnedusofbaddriversnearby–realtime,ontheroad–alsoenablingnavigationsystemstooffersaferalternativeroutes?Imagineifwecouldgetridoftrafficjamsandaccidentsaltogether.Orhowaboutifourcarspickedupourgroceriesontheirown—anddroppedusoffattheairportlikeaself-containedlimoservice?TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeWhatifautomakerscouldsubsidize[1]ourcarpurchasesbyworkingwithtelecommunicationsandothercompaniesthatwanttocapitalizeonthelifetimerevenueopportunityofaconnecteddriver?Consideralsothepossibilitiesforinsuranceproviderstochargehigherpremiums(forthosewhodrivetheircarsthemselves),orforlocalgovernmentstomonitorpersonalCO2usage(inexchangefornottaxingortollingpublicroads).TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeWhetheryouembraceorobjecttothesescenarios,they’renottoofaraway.Thisisn’tjustanevolutionoftechnology-enabled,connectedvehicles.Thisgoesbeyondself-drivingcars.Andit’smorethanasimplesensor-network:Thisistheeraofsmartmobility—anInternetofCars.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeBasically,carshavebecomethe“ultimatemobiledevice”andwe,thepeople,arebecoming“connecteddrivers”.Thesearen’tjustbuzzwords:Asalongtimestrategicadviserandanalystofthisspace,I’vebeenusingthesetermssince1998todescribethisfundamentaltransformationoftheautomobile.Andit’scomingwithinthisdecade.Forexample,by2016,mostbuyersinmatureautomotivemarkets(U.S.,WesternEurope)willconsidervehicles’abilitytoaccessweb-basedinformationakeycriterionwhenpurchasinganautomobile.Forpremiumvehiclebrandbuyers,thistippingpointwillbereachedevensooner:2014.That’sjustoneyearaway.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeTheconnectedvehicleisleadingtheautomotiveindustrytoitsmostsignificantinnovationphase…sincethecreationoftheautomobileitself.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHome1.TheEraofSmartMobilityIsGoingtoChangeEverythingButwhatisit?“Connectedvehicles”arecarsthataccess,consume,create,enrich,direct,andsharedigitalinformationbetweenbusinesses,people,organizations,infrastructures,andthings.Those“things”includeothervehicles,whichiswheretheInternetofThingsbecomestheInternetofCars.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeAsthesevehiclesbecomeincreasinglyconnected,theybecomeself-aware,contextual,andeventually,autonomous.Thoseofyoureadingthiswillprobablyexperienceself-drivingcarsinyourlifetime—thoughmaybenotallthreeofitsevolutionaryphases:fromautomatedtoautonomoustounmanned.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeWestillneedtoaddressanumberoftechnology,engineering,legislative,andmarketissuestodevelopsuccessfulofferingshere.Butthisautomotiveerabuildsoncurrentandrelatedindustrytrendssuchastheconvergenceofdigitallifestyles,theemergenceofnewmobilitysolutions,demographicshifts,andtheriseofsmartphonesandthemobileinternet.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeFiberisoftensaidtobe"future-proof"becausethedatarateoftheconnectionisusuallylimitedbytheterminalequipmentratherthanthefiber,permittingsubstantialspeedimprovementsbyequipmentupgradesbeforethefiberitselfmustbeupgraded.Still,thetypeandlengthofemployedfiberschosen,e.g.multimodevs.single-mode,arecriticalforapplicabilityforfutureconnectionsofover1Gbit/s.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeConsumersnowexpecttoaccessrelevantinformationwherevertheyare…includingintheautomobile.Atthesametime,thesetechnologiesaremakingnewmobilitysolutions—suchaspeer-to-peercarsharing—morewidespreadandattractive.Thisisespeciallyimportantsincevehicleownershipinurbanareasisexpensiveandconsumers,especiallyyoungerones,don’tshowthesamedesireforvehicleownershipasoldergenerationsdo.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeTobesuccessful,connectedvehicleswilldrawontheleadingtechnologiesinsensors,displays,on-boardandoff-boardcomputing,in-vehicleoperatingsystems,wirelessandin-vehicledatacommunication,machinelearning,analytics,speechrecognition,andcontentmanagement.(That’sjusttonameafew.)Allofthisleadstoconsiderablebenefitsandopportunities:reducedaccidentrates,increasedproductivity,improvedtrafficflow,loweredemissions,extendedutilityforEvs[2],newentertainmentoptions,andnewmarketingandcommerceexperiences.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeBesidesprovidingautomobilesanddriverswithnewfunction,connectedvehicleswillalsoexpandautomotivebusinessmodelstoincludeamuchbroadersetofindustries—IT,retail,financialservices,media,consumerelectronics.Thisissignificant,becauseitcouldchallengethetraditionalautomotivebusinessmodel:Ratherthanfocusingonlyonthesaleandmaintenanceofavehicle,companieswillfocusonthesumofbusinessopportunitiestheautomobilerepresents.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHome2.ButWhatDoConcumersWant?Dopeopleevenwantallthis?Oristhisjustacaseofbusinessthinkers,technologists,andearlyadoptersmakingpredictionsinanechochamber?It’snot.Consumersdoshowastronginterestinthefeaturesofaconnectedvehicle.Forexample,fromanalysesGartnerconductedoverthelastyear,wefoundthatofallU.S.vehicleowners:TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHome•Almosthalf(46%)areinterestedinsafelyaccessingmobileapplicationsinsidethevehicle.Theseapplicationsincludereceivingon-demandwirelessmaporsoftwareupdates,findingavailableparkingspots,andconductinglocalsearches;nearly40%wouldalsooptforremotediagnosticcapabilitiesthatalertthemwhenpartsneedreplacement.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHome•Morethanone-thirdareinterestedinaself-driving,autonomousvehicle.•Thirtypercentarelikelytooptforavehiclethatallowsthemtotethertheirsmartphonetogetinternetconnectionthere.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeOurincreasinglydigital“lifestyles”mayalsoforceconsumerstore-evaluatepersonaltransportationchoices.Forexample:Thecombinedcostofamonthlymobileandresidentialinternetplanmightbecompetingwiththecostoffillingupacaratthegasstation.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeThesetradeoffsareevenmoreimportanttoyoungervehicleowners(18-to24-year-olds)thanolderones(54+years).Theyoungergroupismorelikely(30%)tochooseinternetaccessoverhavingavehicle(comparedtojust12%oftheoldergroup),andaboutthesamepercentagesarelikelytouseacar-sharingserviceasanalternativetovehicleownership.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeObviously,connectedvehicleapplicationshavetobesafe,reliable,andnon-distractingtowowconsumersonanemotionallevelandconvincethemonarationallevel.Simplycopyinginterfacesfromothermobiledeviceswillnotbeenough–buttonsincarsactuallyworkgreatforcertainfunctions.Theautomotiveindustrywillneedtoinnovatenewexperiencesandintegratesystemsthoroughlysoconsumersdon’tfeeltheycangetthesameresultswithjustaniPadonthepassengerseat.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeButthefactremainsthatautomobilesareheretostay,andthey’regoingtobeconnected.Theinnovationsandchangesdescribedherewillmaturerelativelyquicklyoverthenexttwodecades.Forexample,Ipredictthatby2016atleastthreecompanieswillhaveannouncedconcreteplansforupcomingproductlaunchesofferingadvancedautonomousvehicletechnology.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeThisisn’tpie-in-the-sky—justconsiderafewrecentadvancementsintheautomotiveconnectivityspace:AvisacquiringZipcar[3];thefirstover-the-airautomotivesoftwarepatchbyTesla;Intelgettingsignificantlyinvolvedintheconnectedvehiclevalue-chain;bigtelcoslikeSprintextendingtheirreachintoautomotive;ahigh-rankingAppleexecutivetakingaseatonacarmaker’sboard.Allofthesemovessignalthetrend.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeAndforthosewhoarealsopassionateaboutautomobilesanddriving,theeraoftheconnectedvehiclewillopenamesmerizingnewworld.Youknowthatimmediateconnectionbetweenoursensesandthestimulatorytriggersofacar:sounds,speed,sights?Imaginethatfeeling,andsomuchmore.Iamoptimisticthattheautomotiveindustryandtechnologycompanieswillpreservethisfascinationoftheautomobile–itis,afterall,animmersiveexperience.TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeButifyoudon’tlikethisdawningeraoftheconnectedvehicle,youshouldgetyour(unconnected)dreamcarnow.(ByThiloKoslowski[4]fromWired)TextTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomerideshare共同乘车（以减少费用）limon.豪华轿车subsidizevt.资助；给与奖助金；向…行贿scenarion.方案；情节；剧本；设想sensorn.传感器strategicadj.战略上的，战略的WordsWordsTextWordsNotesDiscussionHomecontextualadj.上下文的；前后关系的legislativen.&adj.立法权；立法机构；立法的；有立法权的utilityn.实用；效用；公共设施chambern.（身体或器官内的）室；房间；会所optvi.选择tradeoffn.权衡；折衷；（公平）交易（等于trade-off）WordsTextWordsNotesDiscussionHometrendn.趋势，倾向；走向mesmerizevt.施催眠术；迷住；以魅力迫使immersiveadj.拟真的；沉浸式的WordsTextWordsNotesDiscussionHome1.subsidize意思是以津贴补助，即：购车补贴。TextWordsNotesDiscussionNotesHome2.EVs：electricvehicles电动汽车。TextWordsNotesDiscussionHome3.Zipcar是美国的一家分时租赁互联网汽车共享平台。该平台由罗宾·蔡斯（RobinChase）与安特耶·丹尼尔斯（AntjeDanielson）于2000年共同创办。Zipcar主要以“汽车共享”为理念，其汽车停放在居民集中地区，会员可以通过网站、电话和应用软件搜寻需要的车辆，选择就近预约取车和还车，车辆的开启和锁停完全通过一张会员卡完成。TextWordsNotesDiscussionHome4.ThiloKoslowski是市场分析公司Gartner的分析师。他认为汽车将成为终极移动设备，苹果和Google都在通过各项合作将自家的技术整合到汽车中。TextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeQuestionsfordiscussion1.WhatareConnectedCars?2.Whatarethebenefitsandopportunitiesofconnectedcars?3.WhatisthedemandofU.S.vehicleownersaccordingtotheanalysesGartnerconducted?TextWordsNotesDiscussionHomeAnswerstoquestionsfordiscussionTextWordsNotesDiscussionHome1.WhatareConnectedCars?“Connectedvehicles”arecarsthataccess,consume,create,enrich,