口译三级综合能力模拟试卷21

口译三级综合能力模拟试卷21

一、听力判断（本题共10题，每题7.0分，共10分。）

I、Forthepasttwodecades,girlshavealwaysachievedhighscoresthanboys.

A、正确

B,错误

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据原文Boyshavescoredlowerthangirlsontestsinthe

NitionalAssessmentofEducalionaiProgresssinceatleast1971可知至少从I97J年起

更孩在全国教育进步评价的考试中的成绩就低于女孩。由此可见，题干说过去20

年来女孩的成绩一直优于男孩，与原文点思相符，是正确的。

2、ThedifferencesofscoresbetweenboysandgirlsarclimitedonlytotheUS.

A、正确

B,错误

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。杈据原文thedifferencesarenotlimitedtothe

UniiedSiaies可知这一差别并非只出现在美国。由此可见，题干说法与原文相符，

是正确的。

3.Economicandculturefactorscontributetothedifferencesbetweenboysandgirls.

A、正确

B、错误

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。关于男孩女孩的不同，根据原文Cullural

ardeconomicinfluencesplayanimportantpart.Butrecentfindingssuggestthatanother

pmoftheanswerliesindifferencesbetweentheinaleandfemalebrain可知文化和经济

影响起了重要作用，但近来研究结果表明另一因素是男女大脑的不同。由此可见，

遨干的说法是不全面的，因此与原文不符是错误的。

4、Thedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalebrainsarethemajorcausesol'thescores

betweenboysandgirls.

A、正确

B、错误

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据原文Buirecentfindingssuggestthatanotherpartof

theanswerliesindifferencesbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain可加近来研究结果表

明另一因素是男女大脑的不同。而后说者详细对此作出详尽阐秣。由此可推断题干

说男孩女孩成绩不同的中要原因是因为男女大脑的差异.与庾文*要内容相符.曷

正确的。

5、Girlsarcbetterabletolearnalanguagethanboys.

A、正确

B,错误

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。根据原文boysmaynotbeabletodevelop

languageandreadingskillsaswellasgirlsdo可知男孩发展语言和阅读技能的能力也

许不如女孩好。由此可见，题干“女孩学习语言的能力比男孩强”与原文相符，是正

确的。

6、Toimprovegirls'performancesinmath,moremaleteachersarctobehired.

A、正确

B.错误

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。原文在谈到女孩在数学和科学课的问题时说

Efforts(oimprovethesituationforgirlsincludedhiringmorefemaleteachers由此一可

知，为了提高女孩在数学和科学方面的学习能力，学校雇佣r更多的女教师。因此

,题干的说法与原文显然不符，是错误的。

7、Somepeopleblamethepoorperformancesofboysfbrnothavingenoughinale

teachersatschools.

A、正确

B、错误

标准答案：A

知识点解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。根据原文Yelsomepeople...saynotenough

maleteachersisonereasonwhyboysmaynotlearnaswellinclass>>J知.有些人认为

男性教师不足是男孩在班上学习不如女孩的原因之一。由此可见，题干的说法与原

文相符，是正确的。

8、Itisunfairtoforceboystositquietlyattheirdesks.

A、正确

B,错误

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。根据原文Somepeoplesayschoolsare

preparingfortheseimportanttestsbyforcingboystositquietlyattheirdesks.Theysay

thisisunfair.可知，有些人说学校强迫另孩静悄悄地学习以应付这些审要考试，这

是不公平的。由此可见，题干的说法与原文相符，是正确的。

9、Studyingisnotmanly,,xotheboysarcunwillingtostudy.

As正确

B,错误

标准答案：B

知识点解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。根据原文Stillotherssaythatsocietyisfailing

boys,bygivingthemthemessagethatstudyingisnotmanly可知，还有人认为社会有

负于男孩，给他们传递出这样的信息，即学习使人没有阳刚之气。由此可推断，是

社会的误导使男孩产生了不愿学习的想法。

10、Theuseofsame-sexclassroomscanhelpboystocompetewithgirls.

A、正确

B.错误

标准答案：B

知识点解析：语义理解题。根据原文Oneattempttosolveproblemsliketheseisthe

useofsame-sexclassrooms.可知，试图采用男女分班制的办法解决男生学习差的

何题.可见这种办法只是一种attempt•企图，尝试“，而非最终有•效的解决办法。

二、听力短文选择（本题共，0题，每题上0分，共”

分。）

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothespeaker?

I）、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordinglothespeaker?

A、Therearesomequestionsifwestartover.

B.Wcshoulddoitagain.

C»It'simpossibletodoitagain.

D、Wcshouldstartover.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：词组辨析题。原文意思是“重新开始是不可能的。”由此可见选项C

的含义与原文意思相符，该项是正确答案。

12、Whaidoesthespeakermean?

A、Hewillfollowtheadvice.

B、Hedoesn'tgettheadvice.

C、Hewantstomakesureofthefigure.

D、Hewillmakeuphisownmind.

标准答案：D

知识点解析•：词义理解题。原文意思是强1谢你的建议，但有些事情我得自己弄明

在。”由此可见，选项D“他要自己拿定主意”与原文意思相符，因此该项为正确答

案。

13、Whatdoesthespeakerimply?

AsYourfoodisspecial.

知识点解析：词义理解题。原文意思是“毕竟我们的观点分歧不大。”由此可见,选

项D“我们的观点并非那么不同”与原文改思相符.因此该项为正确答案.

18、Whatistreeaboutthevacation?

A、Wcwantedtotakethevacation.

B、Wedidn'twanttotakethevacation.

C,Wecouldnottakethevacation.

D、Wetook（hevacation.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：语法题。原文意思是“即使能够度假，我们可能也不想去。''由此可

见，选项B“我们不想度假''与原文意思相符，因此该项为正确答案。

19、WhichofthefollowingistreeaboutSusan?

A、Susanwasonadiflcrcniway.

B、Susanwasonadifferentroad.

C.Susandealtwithitinadifferentway.

D、Susanapproachedmeinadifferentway.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：语义理解题。原文意思是，Susan与我不同，她对此事采取另一种方

式。''由此可见，选项C"Susan以另一种方式处理此事”与原文意思相符，因此亥项

为正确答案。

20、Whaidoesthespeakersuggest?

A、Thehouseisnotworthbuying.

B、Thecostofthehouseislow.

C、Thepriceofthehouseisnottoohigh.

D、Thepriceofthehouseisworthit.

标准答紊:A

知识点解近：态度观点题。原文意思是“以我之见，这所房子不值他们的要价。”由

此可见，选项A、'这房子不值得买”与原文意思相当，因此该项为正确答案。

三、听力文章（本题共万题，每题1.0分,共万分。）

21、Long,longago,peopledidn'tknowwiattheMilkyWaywas,sotheyexplainedit

A、aswedotoday

B、astheyimagined

C、astheystudied

D、astheBiblesays

标准答案：B

知识点解析g因果关系的找寻•和判断j根据原文Butsincetheydidn'tknowwhatit

was,theymadeupallsortsofstrangeandbeautifulconjecturesoftheMilkyWay可知

由于当时人们不知道银河是由什么构成的，他们便给银河编造了各K各样瑰丽奇妙

的故事“由此可见,诜项B的设法与原土青甩相符.因此该项为正确答案.

22、InearlyChristiantimes,peoplethoughttheMilkyWaytobeanopeninginthesky

lor.

A、theservantsofGodtoenterheaven

B.thepeopleonearthtohavealookatthemagnificentsightinit

C,peopleonotherstarstotakealookatthebeautyofi(

D、theChristiantogouptoheaven

标准答案：B

知识点解析：特定信息的找寻和判断.根据题干中关键词InearlyChristianlimes定

位到原文相关信息Someimagineditwasanopeningintheheaven.sothatwehereon

earthcouldhaveaglanceofthemagnificentinside即当时人们以为银河是天堂的开

匚，这样地上的人们便可有机会瞥一眼天堂里壮观的景象，由此可见B项内容与

原文意思相符，该项为正确答案。

23、Whatdoesthegalaxylooklike?

A、Ifyouwereaboveitandlookdownonit,itwouldlooklikeaflatandroundwatch.

B、Ifyoulookeda(i(fromitsedge.i(wouldlookliketheMilkyWay.

C、Ifyoulookedatitfromitsinside,itwouldlooklikealargewatch.

D、Ifyoulookedup.itwouldlooklikeanighisky.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。根据原文Ourgalaxyisroughlylikea

watch.roundandflat.Ifyoucouldgelaboveitandlookdownonit,itwouldlook

liteaverylargewatch可知我们的星系大致像块表，又圆又平。如果你从星系上方

向卜.看，它就像一只巨大的表。由此可见A项内容与原文相符，该项为正确答

案。

24、Forlight,ittakesabout27,000years.

A^from(heearthtoreach(hesun

B、fromthesuntoreachtheearth

C、fromthemiddlepointof(hegalaxytoteach(hesun

D、fromthemoontoreachthemiddlepointofthegalaxy

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。,艮据原文Forlightfromthemiddlepointof

thegalaxyloreach(hesun.ittakesabout27,(XK)years可知从星系中点到太阳，光

要走上两万七千年。由此可见C项内容与原文相符，该项为正确答案。

25、Thegalaxyturnslikeawheel.

A、roundthesun

B、fromourposition

C、fromthemiddlepoint

D、roundthemiddlepoint

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。杈据原文Thegalaxyturnsaboutitscenter

likeawheel可知星系围绕中心转，就像车轮。由此可见D项内容与原文相符，该

项为正确答案。

26、Foralongtimepeoplebelievethat.

ANmenandwomenhaveexactlythesamebrainsintheirheads

B、menandwomenhavequitedifferentbrainsintheirheads

C、menarebelteratmathematicswhilewomenbelteratlanguages

D、menandwomenseetheworldaroundthemindifferentways

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据原文开篇可知人们通常认为男人和女人生来具有相

同的能力去思考和学习。直到过去十年科学家们通过研窕才发现menandwomen

aredifferentbecausetheirbrainsaredifferent由此可判断人们长久以来认为男人女人

的大脑是一样的。因此A项的说法“男人女人的大脑是一样的”与原文意思相符，

该项为止确答案。

27xGenerallyspeaking,menplayballgamesmuchbelterthanwomenbecause

A、menplayballgamesmoreoftenthanwomen

B、menloveballgamesmorethanwomendo

C、men'shandandeyemovementsarequickerinresponse

D、menhaveasmallernumberofnervesintheirbrainsthanwomen

标准答案:C

知识点解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。通常情况下男人球类运动比女人玩的好，其

原因根据原文Boysalsoaregenerallyfasterinresponsethangirlsofhandandeye

movementsinballgames可知在球类运动中男孩子手眼运动通常反应比女孩子快，

在此可见选项C的说法与原文意思相符，该项为正确答案。

28、Whenyoupassinformationontoyourbrain,foraboy.

A、yougetmoreinformationthanagirl

B'yougetlessinfonnalionthanagirl

C、youcollectinformationfasterthanagirl

D、youcollcclinformationmoreslowlythinagirl

标准答案：B

知识点解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。根据原文...ihetwosidesofaman'sbrain

areinterconnectedbyasmallernumberofnervesthaninthecaseofawoman.sothe

flowofinformationbetweenthemismorelimited可知由于男人大脑内部起联接作用

的神经数量比女人少，脑部神经间的信息流量会受到更多限制。由此可见，男孩子

比女孩子接受到的信息少，因此B项内容与原文意思相符，该项为正确答案。

29、Fromthewholepassage,weknowthat.

A、menandwomenhaveexactlythesamebrainsintheirheads

B.menandwomenhavequitedifferentbrainsintheirheads

C、menthinkofmathematicalproblemswnilcwomenthinkoflanguages

D、menandwomenseetheworldaroundtheminjustthesameway

标准答案：B

知识点解析：主旨题。本文首先提出传统观点，而后以科学家的研究为证提出自己

观点，即男女大脑并不相同。接着讲话者详细阐释说明，论证本文主题。因此B

项内容与原文主要内容相符，该项是正确答案。

30、Whyisawomanbelteratlearningforeignlanguagesthanaman?

A、Theareaoftheleftsideofawoman'sbrainforlanguagelearningdevelopsbetter

thanthatofaman's.

B、Therightsideofawoman'sbrainfbrlanguagedevelopsbetterthanthatofaman's.

C、Theareaoftheleftsideofawoman'sbrainfbrfeelingsdevelopsbetterthanthatofa

man's.

D、Theareaoftherightsideofawoman'sbrainfitforseeinginthedarkdevelops

beuerthanthatofaman's.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。根据题干中关键词learningforeignlanguages

定位到原文相关信息处Thenervesontheleftsideareformathematics,speech.

reading...Inmenandwomen,diflereniareasineachsideofthebraindevelop

differently.Inboys,forexample»itistheareafbrmathematics：andingirls**isthe

areaforlanguagelearningthatdevelopsbcllcr可知人类大脑左部发展数学、言语、阅

读等，男女左右半脑不同区域发展情况不同。男孩数学区域，女孩语言区域发展都

优于对方。由此可判断，对于女孩，左半脑司学语言的区域发展优于男孩。因此A

项内容与原文意思相符，是正确答案。

31、Whatwouldhappentosomecountriesif（ourismstopped?

A、Theireconomieswouldberuined.

B、Itwouldkeepiheireconomiesgoing.

C、Therewouldbenomoreenvironmentalpollutionthere.

D、Peoplehavenochancetotravelthere.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。关于旅游业，原文说许多国家dependonwhalihcycam

fromittokeeptheireconomiesgoing,由此可推断，如果没了旅游业，这些国家

的经济会崩溃。因此A项内容与原文意思相符，该项为正确答案。

32、AtriptotheHimalayasis.

A、comfortablebutexpensive

B、hardbutcheap

C,comfortableandcheap

I）、hardandexpensive

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节的找寻和判断：根据题干专有攵词可定位钊原文相关信息

Peoplewholikeadventurewilleventrytovisitcountrieswheretravelisdifficultand

costsarehigh.Companiesregularlyarrangetrips...toHimalayasforwhoever

crjoyssuchtrips可知有些公司专门为爱冒险向人安排去诸如喜N拉雅山之类的地

方，游程辛苦，费用高昂。由此可见D项内容与原文意思相符，该项为正确答

案。

33、Countriessometimesspoiltheirbeautyspotsbecause.

Astheyare(oopoortobuildbeautifulhotelson(hein

B、theyhavetocutdowntreestobuildhotelsonthem

C、theyhavetosellthemloborrownionejfromforeignbanks

D、theyarelackingexperienceinbuildinghotels

标准答案：A

知识点解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。根据原文What(heyspendonbuildinghasto

beborrowedproducesonlychainsofuglyholdswherevertherearcbeautyspots

supposed(oattracttouris【s可知一些风景优美的国家很穷，他们需要借钱盖旅馆吸引

游客前来赏景，但结果却是五陋的旅馆横亘景区。由此可判断，这些旅馆毁了那些

国家的优美风景。因此A项的内容与原文意思相符，该项为正确答案。

弘、Theprofitsfromsomehotelsunfortunatelygo.

A、tothelocalgovernment

B,intothecountryinwhichtheyhavebeenbuilt

Cabroad

D、tothelocalinhabitants

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。关于一些旅馆的利涧，原文说越来越多的国际公司在世

界各地修建旅店sothattheprofitsfromahoteloftendonotstayin(hecountryinwhich

ithasbeenbuilt,由此可推断这些利润既然不属于旅店所在国的，就应属于这些国

际公司的。因此C项说法与原文意思相符，该项为正确答案。

35、Thelocalpeoplesometimeskilltouristswhen.

A、thetouristsaremuchricherthanthemselves

B、ihclouristsarcrobbed

C、thetouristsdonotenjoylocalcustomsandhabits

D、thetouristsresistattemptslorobthem

标准答案：D

知识点解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。根据原文Seeingtouristswhoseemlobe

muchricherthanthemselves,thelocalinhabitantsareoftentempted(ostealfrom

them.Sometimestouristsresistandgetkilled…可知"i地居民见游客比他们富得多便

起歹心去偷去抢，有时若游客抗拒便遭杀害。由此可见D项说法与原文意思相

符，该项为正确答案。

四、听力完型填空(本题共20题，每题1・0分，共2。

分。)

Afterits[LI]tothe[L2]_____in2001,Chinahastakenstepstowards

openingupits[L3].AsaconditionforjoiningtheWTO.China[L4]

itselftoa(L51oftradeliberalization,includingthereductionoftariffs

oncarsandagricuiluralproducts.Thesetarffsreductionsareboth[L6]and

thereis[L7]forChinato[L8]atafasterpace.A[L9]of

[LIO]andamorerapidandprofoundreductionofimporttariffswould[LI1]

ofthoseChineseconsumerswhowould[L12]importedproductsat

lowerprices.Second,ahigher[LI3]intoChinawouldtakeawaymuchupward

pressureontheRenminbiandprovidea(rueandlasting[L141______tosolving

ctrrentglobal[LI5]_Indeed,evenamodest[LI6]intheopening-up

processwouldgoalongwaytowardssolvingtheproblem.TheopeningupofChina';

marketstointernationalcompetitionshould[LI7]deepreforms.Banksshould

berecapitalized,badloansprovisionedfullyandstate-ownedcompanies'runaway

indebtedness[L18].Onlywhenrealprogressintheseareasismadeshould

Chinabegintoconsiderareformloits[L19].Doingitanyearlierwouldbe

highly[L20].

36、[LI]

椀;准答案：accession

知识点解析：名词。本题考代名词搭配。Access与介词to搭配意思为“进入……：

接触到……”，该词名词形式亦可与I。搭配使用，意思相同。这里注意该名词的拼

写形式。

37x(L2)

标准答案:WorldTradeOrganization

知识点解析：名词。本题考查专布.名词的拼写。该词组意思为“世界贸易组织”.在

速记时可写为WTO,但答写时要补全字母，并注意每个单词的首字母大写。

38、[L3]

标准答案:domesticmarket

知识点解析：名词性词组。该词组意思为“国内市场”，是本文话题讨论下的重要词

语之一。

39、[L4]

标准答案：committed

知识点解析：动词。本题考查动词搭配。commil…10意思为“致力于……工这里注

意该词过去时的使用及拼写形式。

40、[L5]

标准答案：schedule

知识点解析：名词A本顾考杳知语中心词.不定冠词a后要求接一名词,作

a...of…短语的中心词。

41、[L6]

标准答案:modestandgradual

知识点解析：形容词短语。本题考查通过上下文判断语义。根据上文提出的时间表

概念(schedule)可推断关税削减应为缓和(modest)渐进的(gradual)。

42、[L7]

标准答案：muchroom

知识点解析：名词性短语。本题考查词义理解。根据上下文可知中国还应有很大前

进空间。这里room意思为“空间”，much修饰room表示程度。

43、[L8]

标准答案：proceed

知识点解析：动词。本题考查动词搭配。proceed与pace搭配，表示“前进的速

度”。这里注意proceed的拼写形式，区形似词process。

必[L9]

标准答案:dismantling

知识点解析：动名词。该词意思为“(逐步)废除，取消‘、。本题考查与上下文的呼

应。上文提到削减关税(laril'fsreductions),但根据人世要求其最终结果应为关税的

消除.此处使用动作色彩的动名词使句子含义生动形象。

45、[L10]

标准答案：non-tariffbarriers

知识点解析：名词短语。本题考查与诂题有关的重要词语的归类。non-iariff

buTicrs意思为“非关税壁垒”显然是中国加入WTO的重要内容之一。这里注意non

与(ariff间有连字符。

46、[LI1]

标准答案：raisethestandardofliving

知识点解析：动词短语。本题考查上下文的呼应。此处“提高生活水平''与下文以低

廉价格买进口商品相呼应。这里注意raise的拼写形式，与形似词rise相区别。

47.(LI21

标准答案：haveaccessto

知识点解析：动词词组。本题考查重点词语的反复或对应。文章开篇便提到

accession...to.这里havcaccessto与其同义。

48、[LI3]

标准答案：volumeofimports

知识点解析：名词性短语。本题考查通过上下文判断语义。根据上下文可知该旬意

区为“大胫进口产品进入中国将缓解逐渐卜升的对人民币的压力。

49、（LI41

标准答案：contribution

知识点解析：名词。个题考查介词搭配。contributeio意思为“对……起促进作

片”，其名词亦与t。搭配,意思相同。

50、[LI5]

标准答案：iradeimbalances

知识点解析：名词性短语。本题考行与话题有关的重要词语的归类。trade

imbalances意思为''贸易不平衡”，显然是中国加入WT0讨论的重要内容之一。

51、[LI6]

标准答案：acceleration

知识点解析：名词。本题要求形容词mcdcsl后按名词，为全句主谙的中心词。

52、[LI7]

而；准答案：beaccompaniedby

知识点解析：动词词组。该词组意思为“伴随者……此处被动语态表示主动意

义，因此注意accompany用被动形式。

53、[L18]

标准答案：curbed

知识点解析：动词。该词意思为“控制”。本题考查并列结构中意义相近动词的含

义。根据原文可知recapilalized,provisioned和curbed意义相近。

54、（LI91

标准答案：exchangerateregime

知识点解析：名词性词组。本题考查与话题有关的重要词语的归类。exchangerate

regime意思为“汇率制度”，显然是中国加入WTO讨论的重要内容之一。

55、[L20]

标准答案：counterproductive

知识点解析：形容词。本题考查词义理解。根据上下文可知，如过早改革汇率制度

会适得其反。这里注意counicr的含义为，反“，是前缀。

五、听力概述（本题共1题，每题L0分，共7分。）

56、Listentothefollowingpassage.WriteinEnglishashortsummaryofaround150

wardsofwhaiyouhaveheardontheANSWERSHEET.Thispariofthetestcarries30

points.Youwillhearthepassageonlyonce.Attheendoftherecording,youwillhave25

minutestofinishthispari.Youmayneedtoscribblealewnotestowriteyoursummary.

标准答案：BothOxfordandCambridgelirehistoriccities,withaworld-famous

university.Oneoftheuniquefeaturesoftheuniversityisitscollegesystem.Thecollege

systematOxfordandCambridgeisunlikethatofanyotheruniversityinBritainor

America.Inordertoentertheuniversity,astudentmustfirstapplytoacollegeand

becomeamemberoftheuniversitythroughthecollege.AlOxfordandCambridge,the

universityislikealoosefederationoffacukies,collegesandotheracademicandresearch

institutions.Theuniversityarrangesthecourses,thelectures,andtheexaminations,and

awardsthedegrees.Thecolleges,ontheotherhand,haveresponsibilityforselecting,

acmittingandaccommodatingallundergraduatestudents,andastudentcannotenterthe

universityunlessheorshealsobecomesamemberofacollege.However,theuniveisity

laysdowntheadmissionqualificationsforundergraduatestudents,andalsohascertain

controlsoverthesialusoftheindividualcoJeges.ThecollegesatOxfordandCambridge

arenotconnectedwithanyparticularstudyandaregovernedbytwentytofifty'Fellows'.

EachFellowofacollegeisa'tutor'whoisamemberoftheteachingstaff.Heteacheshis

ownsubjecttothosestudentsinhiscollegewhoarestudyingit.andisresponsiblefor

theirprogress.Mosttutorsgiveoneortwoccturcsaweekandthoselecturesmaybe

amendedbysiudenisfromanycollegeofiheuniversity.Nolecturesarecompulsoryi.nd

tutorsusuallyadvisetheirstudentswhichlecturestheyshouldgoto.AtOxfordand

Cambridge,eachcollegehasitsowncompletelyseparatelivingquarters,itsowndining

hdl,itsownsportsandsocialfacilitiesandevenitsownchapel.Cambridgehasthree

women,scollegesandOxfordhasfivewomen'scolleges.Today,thecollegesaremainly

concernedwiththeteachingoftheirundergraduatesandtheacademicsupportofboth

graduateandundergraduatestudents.Thecollegesalsosponsorandassistoutstanding;

sdiolarsandresearchworkers.Theroleof(heuniversityhasgreatlyexpandedthrough

theprovisionoffacilities,suchastheuniversitylibraiy,theteachingandresearch

laboratories.Theuniversityinayalsoemployprofessors,readers,lecturersandother

teachingandadministrativestaffwhowouldprovidetheformalteaching,suchas

底lures,seminarsandpracticalclasses.Thecollegesmaysupplementtheirteachingwith

supervisions,givenbyFellowsorotherstaffmembersappointedbythecollege,andeach

collegealsoprovideslibrary,andotherlearningresourcesexclusivelyforitsown

members.ApartfromOxfordUniversityandCambridgeUniversity,theUniversityof

Londoncouldalsobecalledakindoffederationofcolleges,butthesystemisentirely

different.Thelargestof(heLondoncollegesarelikeuniversitiesinthemselves,since

therearemanydifferentfacultiesanddepartmentsinthecolleges.Othercolleges,

academicinstitutionsorbodiesspecialiseir.ceriainsubjects,forexample,theLondon

SchoolofEconomicsandPoliticalScienceortheImperialCollegeofScienceand

Technology.Allthecollegesarrangeihcirownlecturesandclasses,butagain,itisthe

universitythatorganizestheexaminationsandawardsdegrees.BothOxfordand

Cambridgearchistoriccities,withaworld-famousuniversity.Oneoftheuniquefcalurcs

ofiheuniversityisitscollegesystem.The.collegesystematOxfordandCambridgeis

unlikethatofanyotheruniversityinBritainorAmerica.Inordertoentertheuniversity,

astudentmustfirstapplytoacollegeandbecomeamemberoftheuniversitythroughthe

college.AlOxfordandCambridge,theuniversityislikealoosefederationoffaculties,

collegesandotheracademicandresearchinstitutions.Theuniversityarranges(he

courses,thelectures,andtheexaminations,andawardsthedegrees.Thecolleges,onthe

otherhand,haveresponsibilitytorselecting,admittingandaccommodaiingall

undergraduatestudents,andastudentcannotenter(heUniversityunlessheorshealso

becomesamemberofaCollege.However,theUniversitylaysdown'theadmission

qualificationsforundergraduatestudents,andalsohascertaincontrolsoverthestatusof

theindividualcolleges.ThecollegesatOxfordandCambridgearenotconnectedwin

aryparticularstudyandarcgovcnicdbytwentytofiftyFellows'.EachFellowofa

collegeisatutor,whoisamemberoftheteachingstaff.Heteacheshisownsubjectio

thosestudentsinhiscollegewhoarcstudyingit,andisresponsiblefortheirprogress

Mosttutorsgiveoneortwolecturesaweekand(hoselecturesmaybeattendedby

studentsfromanycollegeoftheuniversity.Nolecturesarecompulsoryandtutorsusually

acvise(heirstudentswhichlecturesiheyshouldgoto.A(OxfordandCambridge,each

collegehasitsowncompletelyseparatelivingquarters,itsowndininghall,itsownsports

ar.dsocialfacilitiesandevenitsownchape.Cambridgehasthreewomen'scollegesand

Oxfordhasfivewomen'scolleges.Today,theCollegesaremainlyconcernedwiththe

teachingoftheirundergraduatesandtheacademicsupportofbothgraduateand

undergraduatestudents.Thecollegesalsosponsorandassistoutstandingscholarsand

researchworkers.TheroleoftheUniversityhasgreatlyexpandedthroughtheprovision

offacilities,suchas(heuniversitylibraiy.theteachingandrcscaichlaboratories.The

UniversitymayalsoemployProfessors,Readers,Lecturersandotherteachingand

acminisirativestaffwhowouldprovidetheformalteaching,suchaslectures,seminars

ardpracticalclasses.TheCollegesmaysupplementtheirteachingwithsupervisions,

givenbyFellowsorotherstaffmembersappointedbytheCollege,andeachCollegealso

provideslibraryandotherlearningresourcesexclusivelyforitsownmembers.Apart

fromOxfordUniversityandCambridgeUniversity,theUniversityofLondoncouldalso

becalledakindoffederationofcolleges,butthesystemisentirelydifferent.Thelargest

oftheLondoncollegesarelikeuniversitiesinthemselves,sincetherearemanydifferent

facultiesanddepartmentsinthecolleges.Othercolleges,academicinstitutionsorbodies

specializeincertainsubjects,forexample,iheLondonSchoolofEconomicsandPolitical

ScienceortheImperialCollegeofScienceandTechnology.Allthecollegesarrangetheir

ownlecturesandclasses,butagain,i(istheuniversitythatorganizestheexaminations

ardawardsdegrees.

知识点解析：在写综述时，应特别注意文克的开头段落和结尾段落，在每个段落

牛，