2026年广东广州市高三二模高考英语试卷试题（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页★启动前注意保密试卷类型：B2026年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从”21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheMaya(玛雅人)weregoodatmath.Theycountedingroupsof20,not10.Theywrotenumbersincolumnsgoingup.Thebottomrowwasthe“1s”column,thenextrowupwas20s,then400s,andsoon.Fordigits,theyusedadotfor1,alinefor5,andashellshapetoshowzero.Numbers1to19werewrittenwithacombinationoflinesanddots.Thenumber1209(three400s+no20s+nine1s)wouldlooklikethis:AMayavillagemightkeeparecordofthepumpkinstheyharvestedlikethis:TheMayaalsokeptthreedifferentcalendars.Thefirstdividedtheyearinto18monthsof20dayseach,plusashortmonthof5days.Theshortmonthwasbelievedtobeunlucky,atimewhenspiritswalked.Thesecondcalendarrepeatedevery260days.Thiswasusedtoplancelebrationsandpredictfuture.Thiscalendarcounted13monthsof20dayseach.Eachdatehaditsownsetof3symbols(day,month,andyear).Whentalkingabouteventslongago,theyusedacalendarcalledthe“longcount.”Thiscoveredabout5,125years.Year1onthiscalendarwas3114BCEonourcalendar.Eachcityandvillagehadacalendarkeeper,whowasinchargeofsayingwhentocelebrateholidaysandwhentoexpectrainorplantcrops.Butfarmerscouldprobablyalsotellthetimeoftheyearfromthesunandstars.1．HowmanypumpkinsdidtheMayavillageharvestaccordingtoFigure3?A．114. B．409. C．414. D．439.2．Whatcouldthe“longcount”calendarbeusedfor?A．Markingtheunluckydays. B．Recordingancientevents.C．Dividingtheyearinto18months. D．Predictingandmakingfutureplans.3．Whichlearningprojectwouldthistextbemostsuitablefor?A．DesignatravelplantotheMayaruinsB．WriteareportontheMayaagricultureC．GiveapresentationonMayaartisticsymbolsD．MakeaposterofMayascientificachievementsBWhenMiaWoodsretiredat61,sheknewsheneededaplan.“Iwasworriedaboutlosingmyidentityasaprofessional.WhatelsecanIbe?”shethought.Theyearbefore,shehadbeentoldshehadamildmemoryproblem.“IwastryingtoshowmyselfthatIcouldstillthinkandbecreative,”shesays.Soshedecidedtodo—ratherthanbe—somethingnew:bakeapieeverydayforayearandgiveeachpieaway.“Itmademereachouteverydaytosomebody,soIwouldn’tbealone.Anditgavemearoutine,”shesays.Shebakedherfirstpieandgaveittoher88-year-oldaunt,Carol.Asateenager,Miahadmovedinwithheraunt’sfamilywhenhermotherbecameill.“Theygavemestability...Itwastheperfectfirstpie,”shesays.Shewentongivingpiestoformercolleagues,groceryclerks,evenahomelessman.Aswordspread,shegotknownas“thepielady”.Formorethan30years,Miahadworkedasacityplanner.“I’maplannerbynature,trainingandprofession.WhatIreallylikedaboutitwasthatplanningtakestime,chaos,manydifferentcomponents,putsthemalltogetherandmakesthemintosomethingmanageable.”Sheseesthesameinbakingpies:“Youtakeabunchofingredientsandcreatesomethingoutofthem.”Twelveyearson,Miahascontinuedtoinventnewprojects,includingwritingaletteraday,andpaintingpicturesofherlocalsky.Sheiswritingabookaboutthepieexperience.Butshehaslearnedmorethanbaking.“WhatreallycameoutofitwastheunderstandingthatIwassomeonewhocoulddonewthings,”shereflects.“Andmyprofessionalidentitywasn’tcriticaltowhoIam.”“Evennow,afterIhaveanencounterwithsomebody,Ithink:‘There’sapersonIwishIcouldgiveapieto.’”saysMia.4．WhatwasMia’sworrywhensheretired?A．Herseriousmentalproblem. B．Herbeingcutofffromothers.C．Havingnoidentitybeyondcareer. D．Havingtochangeherdailyroutine.5．WhydidMiagiveherfirstpietoheraunt?A．ShehadgivenMiaahome.B．ShehadcaredforMia’smum.C．Shewastheoldestinthefamily.D．ShehadbuiltMia’sstablecharacter.6．WhatdocityplanningandbakingpieshaveincommonaccordingtoMia?A．Bothrequireprofessionaltraining. B．Bothmakesenseofmixedelements.C．Bothcreatesomethingoutofnothing. D．Bothconnectpeoplewithoneanother.7．WhatisMia’sreflectiononherexperience?A．Everyoneintheworlddeservesapie.B．Newchallengesredefinewhoweare.C．Openinguptochangestakescourage.D．Simpleactscanbringpeopletogether.CPeoplemightnotrealizethatonebasiclifenecessityhasslippedfromtheircontrol:meals.Withtheriseofonlineplatforms,peopleenjoythefreedomtogetanythingquicklyandatareasonableprice.However,foodwriterChenYuhuiarguesinherbookWhoDecidesWhattoEatthatthisconveniencehasrobbedpeopleoftheirautonomyoverfood,reflectingagreaterlossofcommunitylifeinaresult-drivensocietythatprioritizesefficiency.“Manypeopledon’trealizehowoftentheirdiningchoicesaremadeforthem,”Chensays.Forinstance,aboss’srequestforovertimechangestheirdinnerplans;orarestaurantdiscountofferinfluenceswheretheyeat.These,sheexplains,arepassivechoices.Chencitesanothercommoncomplaint:tomatoesthattasteplaincomparedtochildhoodmemories.Thisrevealsadeeperloss—commerciallydominant,hard-skinnedvarietiesare“morefittingforlong-distancetransportation,”sacrificingflavorandthecommunitylifeoncebuiltaroundfreshmarkets.Chenalsoworriesaboutthedeclineofpeople’sabilitytochoosefoodwisely.Youngpeoplebuyingredientsonlinewithoutmarketexperienceandmaythinkplainfoodisjusthowit’ssupposedtobe.Chenfurthernotesthatonlinefoodimagesare“zombie-like”—theyshowlifelessfood,unlikethefreshproduceinmarkets,andthislimitspeople’simaginationaboutfood.However,whenshesharestipsonselectingfreshproduceinmarkets,sheoftengetsrequestsforshoppinglinksinstead.Chenconnectstheseattitudestoabroadermindset:“Buyinggroceriesandcookinginvolveacertainlevelofacceptanceofmistakes.Yetmanytodayseemtohavelittlepatiencewiththem.”Thefocusonresultsmakesdeliveryappealing,aspeoplebelieveitguaranteesabetteroutcome.Beyondthelossofautonomy,Chenseessomethingdeeperinfood—it’samicrocosmforunderstandingtheworld.“Ifyoulovetomatoesbutfindthemplain,doyoucomplainorinvestefforttofindflavorfulones?Searchingfortherightvarietyshowsdifferentproblem-solvingabilities,whichiswhatImeanbyfoodbeingthesmallestunitforunderstandingtheworld,”sheconcludes.8．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlyintroduce?A．Advancesinfoodtechnology. B．Thehiddencostoffoodconvenience.C．Changinghabitsofdiningout. D．Thepopularityofonlinefoodshopping.9．WhatdoesChenmeanbydescribingonlinefoodimagesas“zombie-like”?A．Theylooktooperfecttobereal.B．Theydiscourageinterestincooking.C．Theypushpeopletoordertakeout.D．Theyfailtoshowrealandlivelyfood.10．Whatdoespeople’spreferencefordeliveryreveal?A．Theirdesiretoavoiduncertainty.B．Theirover-relianceontechnology.C．Theirviewofcookingasaburden.D．Theirseparationfromfoodsources.11．Whatmessagedoesthetextwanttoconvey?A．Returningtomarketscanrestorefoodautonomy.B．Thelossoffoodflavorisunavoidablenowadays.C．Onlineplatformshavechangedpeople’slifestyle.D．Ourrelationshipwithfoodmirrorsourworldview.DChinesescientistshavedevelopedanewrefrigerationmethodthatsolvesalong-standingchallengeincoolingtechnology.PublishedinNature,thestudyrespondstorisingenergydemandsinapplicationsrangingfromfoodpreservationtodatacentercooling.Traditionalvapor-compressionsystemsconsumevastamountsofelectricityandrelyonharmfulrefrigerants.InChina,refrigerationaccountsfornearly20%ofthenation’selectricityuseand7.8%ofitscarbonemissions(碳排放).Whilesolid-statecoolingavoidsharmfulgases,itsuffersfrompoorheattransfer,limitingitsreal-worldapplication.LedbyProfessorLiBingfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences,theresearchteamovercamethisbycombiningsolidcoolingeffectswithliquidflow.Theyusedacommon,non-toxicsaltwhosedissolution(溶解)inwaterabsorbslargeamountsofheat.Conversely,applyingpressurecausesthesalttocomeoutandreleaseheat.Cyclingthispressureachievescontinuouscooling.“Unliketraditionalsolidmethods,whereheatmovesslowly,oursystemintegratestherefrigerantandheat-transfermediumintoasingleliquid,”Lisaid.“Thissolvesthe‘impossibletriangle’—achievinglowpollution,strongcooling,andfastheattransferallatonce.”Labtestsshowedatemperaturedropofnearly30°Cinjust20secondsatroomtemperature,andupto54°Cathighertemperatures—significantlyoutperformingexistingsolidcoolers.Aprototypecycleachievedacoolingcapacityof67joulespergramwithnearly77%efficiency.Thesystemalsoprovedstable,reversible,andinstantlyresponsivetopressurechanges.“Thistechnologymovesbeyondtraditionalrefrigerationprinciples,”Liadded.“Byturningthecoolantintoafluid,itopensthedoortohigh-performance,zero-emissioncoolingforhomesandindustry.”Henotedthemethod’sstronghigh-temperatureperformancemakesitanidealcandidateforheatmanagementinnext-generationAIcomputingfacilities.Whileengineeringchallengesremain,especiallyinachievingrapidlyswitchablepressurecycles,theprinciplecouldbeadaptedtoothermaterialsfordiversecoolingneeds.12．Whatisthemainproblemwithtraditionalsolid-statecoolingsystems?A．Theytransferheatpoorly. B．Theyproduceharmfulgases.C．Theyfailathightemperature. D．Theyusetoomuchelectricity.13．Whatisthekeyinnovationofthenewcoolingmethod?A．Usingsaltinsteadofchemicalrefrigerants.B．Increasingpressureinsidetraditionalsystems.C．Replacingpressurecycleswithcontinuousflow.D．Combiningsolidcoolingwithliquidheattransfer.14．Whydoestheauthormentionthe“impossibletriangle”inthetext?A．Tohighlightthevalueofthenewsystem.B．Toillustratethedesignofthenewsystem.C．Toexplainwhyoldsystemsarestillinuse.D．Toshowthelimitationsofprevioussystems.15．WhatdoesLiBingseeasapromisingapplicationofthenewtechnology?A．Preservingfoodinsupplychains. B．Replacingtraditionalhomerefrigerators.C．CoolingfutureAIdatacenters. D．Achievingrapidlyswitchablepressurecycles.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Confidenceisinfectious.Someonewhospeakswithtotalcertaintyismorelikelytoinspirethansomeonewhoishesitant.____16____Itfoundthatmoreconfidentletterswereassociatedwithmoresuccessfulcommercialco-operations.Confidence—evenoverconfidence—canalsoleadtohigherstatus.Ina2012study,MBAstudentswereaskedtotakeanonlinesurvey.Thequestionnaireaskedthemiftheyknewcertainnames,eventsandworksofart.____17____Attheendoftheterm,classmatesratedtheoverlyconfidentstudents—thosewhohadpickedthemostfictionalentries—asthemostinfluential.____18____Onestudyfoundthatoverconfidentbossesweremorelikelytobuyothercompanies.Thesepurchaseswerealsomorelikelytofail.AnotherpaperlookedatthelinkbetweenCEOs’confidenceandtheirearningforecasts.Researchersfoundthatbosseswithtoomuchself-beliefwereslowertoadjusttheirforecastswhentheywerewrong.____19____Thisleadstotwobroadsuggestionsformanagerstoreflecton.First,overconfidentpeopleneedclearrules.Anewspaperfoundthatpuffed-upbossesathigh-techfirmshadabetterrecordofmakingbreakthroughinnovationsiftheywerewatchedbypowerfulandexpertboards.Second,self-doubtersneedencouragementtofulfiltheirpotential.____20____Studiesshowedthatwhenpeoplewereremindedoftheirownpower,theyperformedbetterininterviewsandpresentations.Confidencecanbenatural.Itcanalsobestimulated.A．Theydidn’tknowthatsomeofthechoicesweremadeup.B．Astudyanalysedthelanguageusedinlettersfrominvestors.C．Simplyput,overconfidentbossesstayedwrongforalongertime.D．Overconfidentpeopletendtobepromotedtoleadershippositions.E．Asmuchasconfidencebringsrewards,however,italsobringsdanger.F．Therefore,expertssuggestcreatingamorerelaxingworkenvironment.G．Thissupportcancomefrommanagers,advisors,orevenfromthemselves.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Despitemysuccessfulcareer,performanceanxietyhasbeenmyconstantcompanion.Itfirststruckduringanexamatuniversity.Forthirtyminutes,mymindwentcompletelyblank,unableto_________asinglewordfromthepaper.AlthoughI_________recoveredandachievedadecentresult,theregretremained:whatifIhadn’t_________?Yearslater,asaprofessional,Ifrequentlygave_________.Usually,afewdeepbreathswouldcalmmynerves.However,oneday,whileheadingtoaddressstudentsonhowtoimprovelearningefficiency,I_________thesubwayexit.Themistake_________meprecioustime,andIrushedintothehalljustfiveminutesbeforethestart.Seeingtheaudiencealready_________,Ifeltawaveofterrorwashingoverme.Thistime,thebreathingtechnique_________.WhenIfinallybegantospeak,myvoiceshookuncontrollably.Inthat_________moment,Imadeasuddendecision.Iadmittedmyfeartothestudents.Immediately,theireyesfilledwith_________insteadofjudgment.Forthenexttenminutes,Isharedmystory,explainingthateveryonehasweaknessesthatmayneverbefully_________.Itoldthemthatnooneisperfect,but_________ourselvescanmakeusbetter.Thetwo-hoursessionendedwithunexpectedwarmth.Later,afriendmentionedhow_________thestudentsweretotrythemethodsIshared.Iexplainedthatthesuccesslayinmy_________interaction.Sometimes,whattrulytouchesheartsisnotaperfectspeech,butthe_________toshareourrealselves.21．A．takein B．bringup C．lookfor D．sendout22．A．actually B．eventually C．quickly D．suddenly23．A．passed B．recovered C．panicked D．finished24．A．advice B．feedback C．lectures D．performances25．A．forgot B．found C．changed D．misjudged26．A．cost B．won C．bought D．spared27．A．bored B．seated C．chatting D．leaving28．A．helped B．mattered C．responded D．failed29．A．surprising B．desperate C．magical D．unforgettable30．A．anger B．doubt C．curiosity D．sympathy31．A．overcome B．forgiven C．understood D．neglected32．A．behaving B．describing C．accepting D．loving33．A．eager B．hesitant C．proud D．confused34．A．meaningful B．inspiring C．casual D．honest35．A．motivation B．courage C．technique D．determination第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyspring,the356-year-oldkapoktree(木棉树)inSunYat-senMemorialHallflowers,capturingtheheartsoflocals.Knownas____36____“KapokKing,”itisamiracleofnature,asthesetreesrarelysurvive____37____acenturyinthewild.Itslonglifeisduetotheconstantcareandattentionfromanexpertteam.LedbyWangYongyue,theteamemploysadvancedtechnologies____38____(monitor)thetree’shealth.TheyuseCTscanstomaprootsuptosevenoreightmetersdeep.“Wealsostrikenailsinthewoodtocreatesoundwaves,”Wangexplains.“Ifthewood____39____(be)hollowordecayed(腐烂的)inside,thespeedofthesoundchanges.Thishelpsusstrengthenthetree____40____it’stoolate.”Since2009,Wanghasoverseenquarterlycheck-ups,withacriticalfocusonmanagingharmfulinsects.Ratherthanrelyingonstrong____41____(chemical),theteampracticesbiologicalcontrol.BiKeke,alabexpert,describesreleasing____42____(nature)enemiestohuntthem.“Itisastoryofone____43____(beat)anotherinnature,”henotes,highlightinghowthisapproachmaintains____44____(ecology)balance.TothecitizensofGuangzhou,thistreeismorethanaplant;itisabelovedfamilymember_____45_____well-beingconnectsthecity’spastandfuture.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华。你的外国笔友Mark在邮件中说，学校摄影比赛中有幅作品因使用AI技术生成而被取消参评资格。请你回复邮件谈谈你对这一事件的看法及理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMark,Thanksforsharingthedisqualifiedphotocasewithme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastsummer,wemovedintoabeautifulhousewheresunlightfloodedthekitcheneverymorning.Theonlydownsidewasthebackyard:behindtall,messybusheslayanoldpond,dryandsmelly.“Let’sbringitbacktolife!”Isuggested.Myparentssmiledandagreed.Itbecameourfamily’ssummerproject.Wecleanedoutthemudandlinedtheedgewithprettystones.Atthegardenshop,Ichosecattailsandwaterlilies.“Theyfloatlikelittleumbrellas,”Mumsaid.“Yes,”Irepliedproudly,“andtheykeepthewatercoolandclean.”Thencamethebestpart:twotinygoldfish—SpottyandSparkly.Ialsoaskedaboutapondheater.I’dreadthatifthepondfrozesolidinwinter,thefishwouldrunoutofoxygen.Theyneededasmallholeintheicetobreathe,whichaheatercouldkeepopen.Buttheyweresoldout.Asweleft,Inoticedaposterlistingcleverideastopreventicefromsealing(封住)thepond—forexample,keepingthewatermoving,sinceflowingwaterdoesn’tfreezeeasily.Ithoughtwe’dgetaheaterlongbeforewinter,soIdidn’tthinkmuchofthem.Soon,babyfishappeared!Frogsandbutterfliesoftenvisitedtoo.Ourpondfeltlikealivingecosystem.Thenoneevening,theweatherreportwarnedofanearlyfreeze—colderandsoonerthanusual.Mystomachdropped.Westilldidn’thaveaheater!Dadimmediatelyorderedoneonline.“It’llarrivebeforetheiceforms,”hepromised.Earlythenextmorning,Iwoketoaworldcoveredinwhite.Ithrewonmycoatandrantothepond.Itwasfrozenwithclearice—noopenwater!YetIcouldstillseethefishmovingslowlybeneath.Irushedbackinside.Dadhadalreadycalledthedeliverycompany,buttheysaiditwouldn’tarrivetodaybecauseoftheicyroads.“Thefishcanonlylasthalfadaywithoutfreshair!”Icried.“Let’sthinkofsomethingnow,”Mumsaid.注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Sowestartedbrainstormingideastogether.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bynineo’clock,wehadbuiltasimpledevicetokeepaholeopenintheice.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．C2．B3．D【导语】文章主要介绍了玛雅人在数学和历法方面的成就，包括其二十进制计数系统、数字符号的表示方式以及三种不同用途的日历。1．细节理解题。根据玛雅计数规则，数字按从下到上的“1s、20s、400s”三列书写。最下方1s列：有4条线（每条代表5）和4个点（每个代表1），计算：4×5+4×1=24；中间20s列：是贝壳符号（代表0），即0×20=0；最上方400s列：有1个点（代表1），即1×400=400。将三列数值相加：400+0+14=414。2．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Whentalkingabouteventslongago,theyusedacalendarcalledthe‘longcount.’(在谈论很久以前的事情时，他们使用了一种叫做“长计数”的历法。)”可知，长计历是用于谈论很久以前发生的事件，即记录古代历史事件。3．推理判断题。文章通篇讲述玛雅人的二十进制数学系统、数字符号写法以及三种日历（科学历法），这都属于古代文明的科学成就范畴。因此该文本最适合用于制作关于“玛雅科学成就”的海报。4．C5．A6．B7．B【导语】文章主要讲述了退休城市规划师米娅·伍兹为应对退休后可能失去职业身份认同的焦虑，通过每天烤一个派并送给他人这一日常行动，重新认识自我价值、建立生活秩序并延续创造力的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第一段““Iwasworriedaboutlosingmyidentityasaprofessional.WhatelsecanIbe?”shethought.(“我担心自己作为专业人士的身份会丧失。那我还能做些什么呢？”她这样想。)”可知，她退休时的担忧是失去职业身份，害怕除了职业身份之外自己不知还能成为什么样的人。选项C“Havingnoidentitybeyondcareer(除了职业之外没有其他身份认同)”与此直接对应。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Shebakedherfirstpieandgaveittoher88-year-oldaunt,Carol.Asateenager,Miahadmovedinwithheraunt’sfamilywhenhermotherbecameill.“Theygavemestability...Itwastheperfectfirstpie,”shesays.Shewentongivingpiestoformercolleagues,groceryclerks,evenahomelessman.Aswordspread,shegotknownas“thepielady”.(她做了第一个馅饼，并送给了她88岁的姑妈卡罗尔。在十几岁的时候，米娅曾因母亲生病而搬到了姑妈家。那时的姑妈家给了她一种稳定的环境……把第一个馅饼送给姑妈是最合适的选择。她继续把馅饼送给以前的同事、杂货店店员，甚至一个无家可归的人。随着消息的传播，她被称为“馅饼女士”。)”可知，米娅年少时因母亲生病而搬去与姨妈一家同住，姨妈家为她提供了稳定的家庭环境。她把第一个派送给姨妈，是因为姨妈曾给予她一个家、一份依靠，这符合选项A“ShehadgivenMiaahome(她曾给米娅一个家)”的表述。6．推理判断题。根据第四段““I’maplannerbynature,trainingandprofession.WhatIreallylikedaboutitwasthatplanningtakestime,chaos,manydifferentcomponents,putsthemalltogetherandmakesthemintosomethingmanageable.”Sheseesthesameinbakingpies:“Youtakeabunchofingredientsandcreatesomethingoutofthem.”(“我天生就是个规划师，这是我的训练和职业。我真正喜欢的是规划工作，规划需要时间，它要把混乱和众多不同的要素整合起来，使之变得井然有序。”她在烘焙馅饼时也发现了同样的道理：“你将各种食材混合在一起，就能创造出新的成果。”)”可知，通过米娅的类比，两者的共同之处在于都是将纷繁杂乱的不同元素组合成有序、有意义的整体，即选项B“Bothmakesenseofmixedelements(两者都让混合的元素变得有条理)”。7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““WhatreallycameoutofitwastheunderstandingthatIwassomeonewhocoulddonewthings,”shereflects.“Andmyprofessionalidentitywasn’tcriticaltowhoIam.”(最重要的是，这件事让我明白自己能够尝试新事物，”她回忆道，“而且我的职业身份并不决定我的本质。”)”可知，她通过尝试新事物认识到自己有能力应对改变，并重新定义了自我价值，不局限于职业身份。这体现了选项B“Newchallengesredefinewhoweare(新挑战重新定义了我们是谁)”的内涵。8．B9．D10．A11．D【导语】文章主要讲的是食物作家陈玉慧认为在线订餐便利剥夺了人们的饮食自主权，并反映出效率优先的社会中社区生活的丧失，食物是理解世界的最小单位。8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Peoplemightnotrealizethatonebasiclifenecessityhasslippedfromtheircontrol:meals.Withtheriseofonlineplatforms,peopleenjoythefreedomtogetanythingquicklyandatareasonableprice.However,foodwriterChenYuhuiarguesinherbookWhoDecidesWhattoEatthatthisconveniencehasrobbedpeopleoftheirautonomyoverfood,reflectingagreaterlossofcommunitylifeinaresult-drivensocietythatprioritizesefficiency.(人们或许并未意识到，生活中的一项基本必需品已经脱离了他们的掌控：那就是食物。随着网络平台的兴起，人们能够以合理的价格迅速获得任何所需物品。然而，美食作家陈玉慧在其著作《谁来决定吃什么》中指出，这种便利性剥夺了人们对食物的自主选择权，反映出在一个注重效率、结果导向的社会中，社区生活出现了更大的缺失。)”可知，本段先指出人们未察觉饮食自主权丧失，随后引用陈玉慧观点，指出外卖平台便利背后隐藏的代价——剥夺了人们的自主权，反映社会注重效率而牺牲社区生活。选项B“食物便利的隐性代价”准确概括此意。9．词句猜测题。根据第四段“theyshowlifelessfood,unlikethefreshproduceinmarkets,andthislimitspeople’simaginationaboutfood.(它们展示的是毫无生机的食物，不像市场上的新鲜农产品那样有活力，这限制了人们对食物的想象。)”可知，这些图片展示的是没有生气的食物，与市场上鲜活的农产品形成对比。D项“它们未能展现真实而鲜活的食物”与此一致。10．推理判断题。文中倒数第二段“Buyinggroceriesandcookinginvolveacertainlevelofacceptanceofmistakes.Yetmanytodayseemtohavelittlepatiencewiththem.(购买食品和烹饪涉及一定程度的对错误的接受。然而，如今很多人似乎对这些不太有耐心。)”可知，买菜做饭需接受一定犯错可能性，但人们缺乏耐心，注重结果导向使得外卖更受欢迎，因其看似保证更好结果。这反映出人们渴望避免不确定性。A项“他们避免不确定性的愿望”符合文意。11．推理判断题。文章最后一段“Beyondthelossofautonomy,Chenseessomethingdeeperinfood—it’samicrocosmforunderstandingtheworld.“Ifyoulovetomatoesbutfindthemplain,doyoucomplainorinvestefforttofindflavorfulones?Searchingfortherightvarietyshowsdifferentproblem-solvingabilities,whichiswhatImeanbyfoodbeingthesmallestunitforunderstandingtheworld,”sheconcludes.(除了失去自主权之外，陈还从食物中看到了更深层次的东西——它是一个理解世界的缩影。“如果你喜欢西红柿但觉得它们味道平淡，你会抱怨还是会努力去寻找味道更好的品种呢？寻找合适的品种体现了不同的解决问题的能力，这就是我所说的食物是理解世界最小的单位的原因。”她总结道。)”可知，食物是理解世界的微小单位，人与食物的关系反映了世界观。D项“我们与食物的关系映射我们的世界观”准确传达此信息。12．A13．D14．A15．C【导语】文章主要讲的是中国科学家开发出一种结合固体冷却效应与液体流动的新型制冷方法，解决了传统固态制冷技术传热效率低的核心难题，实现了低污染、强冷却和快速传热的平衡，并在实验室测试中展现出显著的温降性能与高能效比。12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Whilesolid-statecoolingavoidsharmfulgases,itsuffersfrompoorheattransfer,limitingitsreal-worldapplication.(虽然固态冷却避免了有害气体的排放，但其传热效果不佳，限制了其在实际应用中的推广。)”可知，传统固态冷却系统的主要问题是它们散热效果不佳。13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“LedbyProfessorLiBingfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences,theresearchteamovercamethisbycombiningsolidcoolingeffectswithliquidflow.(由中国科学院的李兵教授领导的研究团队通过将固态冷却效果与液体流动相结合克服了这一难题。)”和第四段““Unliketraditionalsolidmethods,whereheatmovesslowly,oursystemintegratestherefrigerantandheat-transfermediumintoasingleliquid,”Lisaid.(李教授表示：“与传统的固态方法不同，我们的系统将制冷剂和传热介质整合到了一种单一的液体中，这样热量的传递就变得迅速得多。”)”可知，创新在于将固态冷却效应与液态传热结合。14．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thissolvesthe‘impossibletriangle’—achievinglowpollution,strongcooling,andfastheattransferallatonce.(这解决了‘不可能的三角形’问题——同时实现低污染、强冷却和快速散热。)”可知，此处引用这一概念是为了凸显新系统同时兼顾了以往技术难以兼得的三个优势，从而突出其创新价值与突破性。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Henotedthemethod’sstronghigh-temperatureperformancemakesitanidealcandidateforheatmanagementinnext-generationAIcomputingfacilities.(他指出，该方法在高温方面的出色表现使其成为下一代人工智能计算设施中热管理的理想选择。)”可知，这项新技术可以冷却未来的人工智能数据中心。16．B17．A18．E19．C20．G【导语】文章主要探讨了自信的感染力与优势，同时指出过度自信带来的决策风险，并就管理者如何对待过度自信者和自我怀疑者提出了建议。16．空前“Confidenceisinfectious.Someonewhospeakswithtotalcertaintyismorelikelytoinspirethansomeonewhoishesitant.(自信是能够感染他人的特质。一个完全自信的人比一个犹豫不决的人更能激发他人。)”说自信具有感染力，肯定确信的人比犹豫的人更能鼓舞他人。空后出现“Itfoundthatmoreconfidentletterswereassociatedwithmoresuccessfulcommercialco-operations.(该研究发现，更自信的信件往往能促成更成功的商业合作。)”，其中Itfound表明前文应提到某项研究，且研究内容涉及letters。选项B“Astudyanalysedthelanguageusedinlettersfrominvestors.(一项研究分析了投资者信件中使用的语言。)”恰好引入一项分析投资者信件语言的研究，与后文moreconfidentletters完美衔接。17．空前“Ina2012study,MBAstudentswereaskedtotakeanonlinesurvey.Thequestionnaireaskedthemiftheyknewcertainnames,eventsandworksofart.(在2012年的一项研究中，商学院的学生们被要求完成一项在线调查。问卷询问他们是否知晓某些名字、事件和艺术作品。)”描述2012年研究中的问卷让MBA学生识别一些名字、事件和艺术品。空后“Attheendoftheterm,classmatesratedtheoverlyconfidentstudents—thosewhohadpickedthemostfictionalentries—asthemostinfluential.(学期结束时，同学们认为那些过于自信的学生——那些选出最多虚构条目的人——是最有影响力的。)”说学期末同学们将那些选了最多虚构条目的人评为最有影响力。由此可推，学生答题时并不知道部分选项是虚构的，选项A“Theydidn’tknowthatsomeofthechoicesweremadeup.(他们不知道其中的一些选择是虚构的。)”中的They指代前文的MBA学生，madeup与后文fictionalentries呼应，逻辑通顺。18．前两段讲自信（甚至过度自信）带来的积极影响，如更高地位。本段开头空白后“Onestudyfoundthatoverconfidentbossesweremorelikelytobuyothercompanies.Thesepurchaseswerealsomorelikelytofail.(一项研究发现，过度自信的老板更有可能收购其他公司。这些收购也更有可能失败。)”说研究发现过度自信的老板更可能收购其他公司，但这些收购更易失败。此处语义发生转折，从讲好处转向讲风险。选项E“Asmuchasconfidencebringsrewards,however,italsobringsdanger.(然而，尽管自信会带来回报，但它也带来危险。)”中的however体现转折，bri