【优化指导】（新课标全国）高考英语总复习课时作业18新人教版

【优化指导】（新课标全国）高考英语总复习课时作业18

Unit3必修4

一、单项填空

1.According-totraditioninsomecountries,weddingringiswornon

theleftringfinger,whichisbelievedtobedirectlyconnectedtotheheart,

symboloflove.

A.a；theB.the；a

C.the；theD.a；a

解析：考查冠词的用法。句意：根据某些国家的传统，婚戒被带在左手的无名指上，

都认为无名指与心脏连在一起，这是爱的象征。第一个空“the+名词单数”表示类别；第

二个空asymboloflove“爱的象征”，因为这不是唯一的，故用a。

答案：B

2.Thegraduatecantakethecomputerapartandputitbacktogether

again.Icertainlywishhe______mehow.

A.teachesB.willteach

C.hastaughti）.wouldteach

解析：wishthat+宾语从句，宾语从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟语气来表示。此处是与

将来相反的虚拟语气，因此用woulddosth.或coulddosth.。句意：那个刚毕业的学生

能够把电脑拆开后又组装好。我真希望他能教我。

答案：D

3.Theyarechildrenthattheycan'tlookafterthemselves.

A.solittleB.suchlittle

C.sosmallD.toosmall

解析：such...that...结构。little意为“小的”，如果是表示数量的话,则用so。

句意：他们太小不能照顾自己。

答案：B

4.ThisisMaryspeaking.I,mcallingmainlytoappreciate____myson

formethisafternoon.

A.youtolookafterB.yourlookingafter

C.youforlookingafterD.youlookedafter

解析：考查固定搭配。appreciatedoing是固定搭配“感激……”,此处跟了动名词

的复合结构，appreciate后不能接人作宾语。句意:我是Ma/。我打电话主要是为今天下

午你替我照顾儿子向您表示感激之情。

答案：B

5.Itseemedtomethatshewasindoubt______Timmylivedordied.

A.whyB.how

C.thatD.whether

解析：考查名词性从句。根据句意及空格后面的or可;比题应选t双。

句意：在我看来她拿不准Timmy是死是活。wheth=…or…意为”是还

是……”，是常用结构。此处whether引导同位语从句,解释doubt的具体内衮。

答案：D

6.—Haveyoudecidedwhichsubjectyou'11majorinincollege?

—Notyet.There*rethreesubjects,butIhavenrt.mademydecision.

A.forchoosingB.beingchosen

C.tochoosefromD.tobechosen

解析：考查非谓语动词。本题用不定式作定语，表示“在众多的东西中挑选”用

choosefrom,在therete结构中不定式作定语可用主动形式表示被动含义。

答案：C

7.Manychildrenareinthecountrysidewhentheirparentsflood

intothecitiesforjobs.

A.leftbehindB.leftoff

C.leftasideD.leftout

解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当.他们的父母涌入城市找工作时许多孩子被留在了

家里。leavebehind"把...留下”符合语境。leaveoff“中断，停止"；leave

aside“搁置一边”；leaveout“漏掉”。

答案：A

8.Itisinfilms_____hecreatedthefamousimageofthelonely

tramppeoplelovetothisday.

A.that；whoseB.that；that

C.where；thatD.which；whom

解析：第一个空是强调句；第二个空是that引导的定语从句，修饰tramp。

答案：B

9.—Whatdidyoudreamabout?

—IdreamtthatI______tothemoon.

A.fliedB.hadflied

C.amflyingD.wasflying

解析：答语句意：我梦见我飞往月球。B项表示发生在dreamt之前，故不合题意,

答案：D

10.Itwassaidwasal1hesaid.

A.that；that；whatB.that；that；that

C.which；it；thatD.that；which；that

解析：第一个that是固定句式Itissaidthat...引导主语从句；第二个that是代

词，代指那件事情；第三个Ihal引导的是定语从句修饰all。

答案：B

11.Whenatuniversity,Rossdidmanytravels,someofplacesof

interest,relics,sightsandstyledbuildings.

A.whichB.them

C.itD.that

解析：考查独立土格结构，相当于which引导的非限制性定语从句。此题是陷阱题

很容易错选为A项。

答案：B

12.Thegovernmentisnowplanningtolocateanewschool

lowincomefamiliesare1iving.

A.whichB.inwhich

C.whereD.aroundwhich

解析：where引导的从句在句中作地点状语，表示“在低收入家庭居住的地方”。

答案：C

13.andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterrible

disease,thepatientsoughtherdoctorJshelptoendher1ife.

A.Havinggivenuphopeofcure

B.Withnohopeforcure

C.Therebeinghopeforcure

D.Inthehopeofcure

解析：考查with复合结构。nohopeforcureandnoway7/作with的宾语;

不定式短语toreduce…作way的定语；herpainandsuPLmg并列号项词r".ce

的宾语。

答案：B

14.—Excuseme,doyouhavethetime?

A.Yes,IdoB.Ofcourse,Ihave

C.AquartertotenD.Noproblem

解析：本题的关键在于对Doyouhavethetime?“几点了？”的理解。

答案：C

15.-Iwasalmostknockeddownbyacarwhencrossingtheroad.

inthestreet.

A.Youcanneverbetoocareful

B.You'retoocareful

C.Youcanneverbesocareful

D.Youcanneverbeverycareful

解析：考查固定搭配，can'ttoo或cannevert30为固定搭配，表示“再也不

过分”。

答案；A

二、阅读理解

A

Mothersandothersalwaysliketosaythattohaveafriend,youhavetobe

afriend,butarecentstudyshowsthatsomeelementaryschoolstudentshave

troubleknowingwhotheirfriendsreallyare.Sometimes,apersonyoubelieveto

beafriendmaynotthinkthesameofyou,andapersonyoudislikemaycount

youamonghisorherfriends.

Thescientistsbehindthestudysetouttolearnmoreaboutthe

relationshipsamongchildreningradesthreethroughsix.Theyasked219

youngstersin1()classes,al1fromthesameschool,howtheyfeltabouttheir

classmates.Alltogether,thatgroupofpeoplerepresented2,313different

person-to-personrelationships.

Ofallthose2,313relationships,thescientistscounted281,whereone

childckiimedanotherasafriend—buttheotherckiimedto.dislikethefirst

child.JamesOlsen,apsychologistattheUniversityofTennesseeinMemphiswho

ledthestudy,saidthatheandhiscolleagueshadn*texpectedfttobeso

common."Theone-wayfriendship,wherechildrenbelievethemselvestobe

friendswithsomeonewhoactuallydislikesthem,issurprising,“hesaid.

Eachchildinthestudywasgivenalistofhisorhorclassmates.They

circledthenamesoftheirfriendsandthenamesofthekidsthey1iked

least.Theyalsoshowedhowmuchtheylikedeacnpersonbycirclinganumber

betweenoneandsixnexttoeachname.Thehigherthenumberwas,themorethe

personwasliked.

Thescientistsalsostudiedsocialbehavior.Theysaythatchildrenwho

claimedfriendshipbutwereactuallydislikedoftenhadpoorsocialskills,

likehavingtroubleingettingalongwithothers.Achildwhowasclaimedasa

friendeventhoughheorshedislikedthepersonusuallygotalongwe11with

others.

Howchildrentreateachothercouldsayalotabouthowthey>1.1actas

grown-ups,an,dtheseearlyrelationshipscanbeimportantindevelopingsocial

skills.That*sonereasonwhypsychologistsstudythesocialbehaviorof

children—togetabetterideaofwhypeopledothethingstheydo.

研究发现，生的友谊有时不像表面看起来的那样，有些友谊其实是不真实的。

1.ChiIdrenareusual1ytaughtto.

A.ignorethemselvestowinfriendship

B.carefullyjudgewhocanbetheirfriends

C.befriendlytoothersiftheywantfriendship

D.hidetheirrealfeelingswhenmakingfriends

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段wMothersandothersalwaysliketosaythatto

haveafriend,youhavetobeafriend...”可知，孩子通常所受的教育是：想要获得

友谊，就要对别人友好。

答案：C

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?

A.Children,sone-wayfriendship.

B.Thebadrelationshipamongchildren.

C.Children'sattitudetowardsfriendship.

D.Thetroublethatchildrenhaveinmakingfriends.

解析：指代关系题。根据第三段”...whereonechildclaimedanotherasa

friend一buttheotherclaimedtodislikethefirstchild.w可知,一个孩子声称别

人是他的朋友，而别人却不喜欢他,再由"Theone-wayfriendship,wherechildi'cn

believethemselvestobefriendswithsomeonewhoactuallydislikesthem,is

surprising..."可知,这种单方面的友谊很让人吃惊,故可知it指代的是孩子间单方面

的友谊。

答案：A

3.Fromthestudywecanlearnthatifachildisgivenanumberofsix,

sheorhemay.

A.b.ehavebestinstudy

B.behaveworstinstudy

C.belikedleastbysomeone

D.belikedmostbysomeone

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"Theyalsoshowedhowmuchtheylikedeach

personbycirclinganumberbetweenoneandsixnexttoeachname.Thehigher

thenumberwas,themorethepersonwasliked.”可知，如果一个孩子被给的数字是

六，那么这个孩子可能是最受某个孩子喜欢的。

答案：D

4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Tostresstheimportanceofdevelopingsocialskills.

B.TowarnelementaryschoolchiIdrenofone-wayfriendship.

C.Toteeichelementciryschoolchildrenhowtotellrealfriendship..

D.Toreportthatsometimeselementaryschoolchildr.en'sfriendshipis

unreal.

解析：作者意图题。根据第一段wMothersandothersalwaysliketosaythatto

haveafriend,youhavetobeafriend,butarecentstudyshowsthatsome

elementaryschoolstudentshavetroubleknowingwhotheirfriendsreallyarc.”

以及科学家所做的研究可知，此篇文章的目的是向人们表明：生的友谊有时是不真实的。

答案：D

B

EarlythisyearlawmakersinMaineputforwardabill（议案）tomakethe

whoopiepieanofficialsymboloftheirstate.ButbakersinPennsylvania

criedfoul.Theysaidthewhoopiepiewasinventedintheirstat.e,notinMaine.

AwhoopiepieisLikeacakesandwich：Betweentwosmal1roundchocolate

cakesthereisalayerofsoftvegetablefrosting（糖霜）.Many.stateshave

differentofficialsynbols,likestatebirds,stateflowers,orevenstate

fruitsorvegetables.Forexample,theofficialstatevegetableofTexasisthe

sweetonion.

Tomakeanewsymbolofficial,statelawmakershavetopassalaw.Alaw

startsasabill.Thenlawmakersvotefororagainstthebill.InMaine,ifa

majorityvoteinfavorofabillinboththeStateSe.nateandStateHouseof

Representatives（州参议院和众议院）,thebillbecomesalaw.Butfirstlawmakers

havetoprovethatasymbolbelongstothe,irstate.

PaulDavisdecidedtowritethewhoopiebillaftertalkingtoenthusiastic

food-loversatlastyear*sMaineWhoopiePieFestival.InMaine,morethan

4,000peoplecameouttoeatwhoopiepiesthatday.Hebelievedmakingthe

whoopiepieMaine'sofficialsymbolwouldmakehisstateproud.

OnebakerinMaineclaimedthepiehadbeenbakedintheirstatesince

1925.Butnooneknewforsurewhichstatemadethedessertfirst.Protesters（tri

议者）inLancaster,Pennsylvania,gatheredagainstMaine'sbill."Generations

andgenerationshavebeenmakingandeatingwhoopiepiesherein

Lancaster,"oneprotestersaid."Mygrandmotherdidinthe1930sand1940sand

hermotherdidbeforeher.”

Nomatterwhichstatewins,thewhoopiepicisawinnerinbothstates.

缅因州想要将无比派设定为它的官方标志，然而宾夕法尼亚州却对此表示强烈的抗

议。

5.Theunderlinedphrase“criedfoul“canbebestreplacedby"______”.

A.hesitatedB.complained

C.interrupted0.researched

解析：词义猜测题。根据前后文可知，缅因州想要把无比派设定为它的官方标志，然

而宾夕法尼亚州的面包师却声称宾夕法尼亚州才是无比派的发源地，并非缅因州。因此可

知，宾夕法尼亚州的面包师对缅因州的这一举动表示不满。从而可知，