湖北省荆州市荆州中学2025-2026学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷

高二下学期3月月考英语试题（全卷满分150分考试时间120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Stormy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.2.Whatdothespeakersthinkchildrenshoulddo?A.Dohousework.B.Studyhard.C.Developsocialskills.3.Howdoesthewomanmostprobablyfeelnow?A.Relieved.B.Confused.C.Anxious.4.HowmanydayswillDavidtakeoffinDecember?A.5.B.6.C.11.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanoffice.B.Inahotel.C.Inagym.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantostopdoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Writingareport.C.Readingadocument.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Husbandandwife.C.Motherandson.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Attendingaconcert.B.Teachingmusic.C.Makinganinterview.9.Howlonghasthemanplayedthepianouptonow?A.For5years.B.For10years.C.For15years.10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Heisaprofessionalmusician.B.Heisactivelyinvolvedinmusic.C.HeexpectstomakehisfirstCD.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhyisJackcallingLucy?A.Toaskaboutahealthclub.B.Toinformherofahealthissue.C.Toinvitehertojoinahealthclub.12.WhatdoesLucyusuallydoattheclub?A.Shedances.B.Sheswims.C.Sheplaystennis.13.Wherewillthespeakersmeettonight?A.Infrontofahospital.B.Infrontofthehealthclub.C.InfrontofLucy’shouse.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatdidthemandojustnow?A.Hedidsomereading.B.Hetooksomephotos.C.Hewroteablogpost.15.Whatistheconsequenceofoceanplasticaccordingtothewoman?A.Affectingshipoperations.B.Reducingseafoodsupply.C.Impactinghumanhealth.16.Whatrecyclableitemhasthemanstartedusing?A.Ametalstraw.B.Areusablebag.C.Aglassbottle.17.Whatdothespeakersagreetodo?A.Organizebeachcleanupevents.B.Participateinclubactivities.C.Dowithoutbottledwater.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Revisedtripdetails.B.Weekendsafetytips.C.Museumexhibitionrules.19.WhatwillthestudentsdonextMonday?A.Handinnotebooks.B.Visitanothermuseum.C.Discussthetrip.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoinginthemuseum?A.Takingacamera.B.Avoidingtouchingthings.C.Wearingwarmclothes.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFreshwaterisvitalforlife,yetourmanagementoffreshwaterresourcesisbeingunsustainable.UnderstandingtheplexityoffreshwaterissuesiscriticaltolivingsustainablyonEarth.That’swhytheNationalGeographicSocietyandtheNatureConservancyhavejoinedforcestodeveloparemoernship(校外实习)programforyoungadultsworldwide.TheExperienceThroughouernship,youwilllearnaboutfreshwaterconservationcareersfromweeklywebinars(网络研讨会)featuringexpertsinthefields,yourownresearch,andinterviewsconductedwithlocalconservationorganizations.Duringthisexternship,youwillalso:GainknowledgeoffreshwaterissuesthroughresourcesprovidedbythetwoorganizationsEngagewithlocalleaders,conservationists,andmunitymemberstounderstandrelatedchallengesandtheirimpactsonthemunity.Uncoverconservationgapsandproposeactionablesolutions.Developstorytellingskillstoeffectivelymunicatekeyissuesandactionstrategies.QualificationsWeareseekingyoungpeopleaged1825worldwideinterestedinlearningaboutintroductoryconservationapproaches.Nopriorworkexperienceisrequired.DurationandRewardsStartDateJuly14th,2025FormFullyremoteProgramOptionsDurationHours/weekHourlyRateRewardsonpletion4weeks10$4$208weeks10$5$40Note:Thosewhofinishallrequiredtasks(whetherforthe4weektrackorthe8weektrack)willbequalifiedforanadditionalreward.1.Whywasernshipprogramdeveloped?A.Toofferpaidworkexperience. B.Totrainfutureconservationists.C.Topromotefreshwaterconservation. D.Toraisefundsfortheorganizations.2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheparticipants?A.Theywilljoinlocalmunities.B.Theyarerequiredtoproposesolutions.C.Theyareexperiencedstorytellers.D.Theywillbeinterviewedbylocalleaders.3.Howmuchcanaparticipantearnatmost?A.$180. B.$200. C.$440. D.$560.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了淡水保护远程实习项目的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“UnderstandingtheplexityoffreshwaterissuesiscriticaltolivingsustainablyonEarth.That’swhytheNationalGeographicSocietyandtheNatureConservancyhavejoinedforcestodeveloparemoernship(校外实习)programforyoungadultsworldwide.(了解淡水问题的复杂性对于在地球上可持续生活至关重要。这就是为什么美国国家地理学会和自然保护协会联合起来，为全球年轻人开发了一个远程实习项目。)”可知，该实习项目是为了促进淡水保护。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheExperience部分中“Duringthisexternship,youwillalso:Uncoverconservationgapsandproposeactionablesolutions.(在这个实习期间，你还将：发现保护差距并提出可行的解决方案。)”可知，参与者被要求提出解决方案。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据表格最后一行可知，选择8周的项目，每周工作10小时，时薪5美元，可获得400美元，再加上额外奖励40美元，总共可获得400+40=440美元，这是参与者最多可以获得的金额。故选C。BAfterdecadesofworkingasafoodcolumnist,therewerepartsofmethatwereweak,soitwaswithmybrain.ItwouldgoblankmidsentencewhenItriedtorecallafancyingredient’sname.Tochallengethisoldgreymatter,Ithrewmyselfintoabrandnewchallenge:sinkingabigsumofmoneyandnearlyayearintotrainingforLondon’sBlueBadge,atouristguidequalificationrecognizedandrespectedinternationally.However,itwasnotadecisionItooklightly.Myfellowtraineeswerewonderfullydiverse,fromacrosstheglobeandvariouswalksoflife,rangingfromtaxidriversanduniversitylecturerstomanagersandretiredteachers.Ourtrainingwasnowalkinthepark:12demandingexams,twiceweeklylectures,daytripstoCanterbury,andthetoughesttraining:guidingona60seatbusinfrontofmycolleagues,describingbuildingswithoutsoundinglikeasatellitenavigation(导航)system.Attimesmyheadwasburstingwithtinydetails:fromthenumberofstepstoSt.Paul’sdome(穹顶),eventhenameofChurchill’sdog!Buteventually,IearnedmyBlueBadge.I'mnotashamedtosaythereweretearswhentheconfirmationcamethrough.Now,IstillwriteandtakeinternationalvisitorsaroundLondon.Theyarrivewithenthusiasm,glasshalffullattitudesandseeminglynojetlag.ThingsI’vetakenforgranted(准许)over30years,suchasdoubledeckerbuses,pubsignsandpolicemenonhorses,areanendlesssourceofdelightforthemandtheirquestionsarewonderfullyvaried.Thisjourneyhasbroughtbackmypassionforourcapital.Aboveall,ithasaddedanewstringtomyprofessionalbow,eventhoughI’mwellintomysixties.4.Whatpushedtheauthortopursuethechallenge?A.Anintentiontogetinshape. B.Aneedformentalfreshness.C.Aninterestintouristguiding. D.Adesireforwidespreadrespect.5.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthetrainingcourse?A.Itwastoodemandingtocarryon.B.Itinvolvedservingdiversepeople.C.Passingexamswasthehardestpart.D.Learninghistoricaldetailsisincluded.6.Whatdoesguidingvisitorsbringtotheauthor?A.Chancestotravelglobally.B.Acureforhermemoryloss.C.Anewfoundloveforthecity.D.Friendsfromallwalksoflife.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthor’sexperienceconvey?A.Hardworkpaysoff. B.Toseeistobelieve.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Nothingventured,nothinggained.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为挑战大脑，参加导游培训并获资格，重燃对伦敦热情的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Afterdecadesofworkingasafoodcolumnist,therewerepartsofmethatwereweak,soitwaswithmybrain.ItwouldgoblankmidsentencewhenItriedtorecallafancyingredient’sname.Tochallengethisoldgreymatter,Ithrewmyselfintoabrandnewchallenge:sinkingabigsumofmoneyandnearlyayearintotrainingforLondon’sBlueBadge,atouristguidequalificationrecognizedandrespectedinternationally.(当了几十年美食专栏作家，我的身体有些机能开始衰退，大脑也不例外。有时我正说到一半，想不起某个高级食材的名字，脑子会突然一片空白。为了锻炼这颗日渐迟钝的大脑，我投入了一项全新的挑战：斥巨资、花近一年时间备考伦敦蓝色徽章导游证——这是一项国际公认、备受尊重的导游资格证书。)”可知，作者是因为大脑反应变慢、记忆力下降，想要让大脑保持活力才接受挑战。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Attimesmyheadwasburstingwithtinydetails:fromthenumberofstepstoSt.Paul’sdome(穹顶),eventhenameofChurchill'sdog!(有时我的脑子里充满了细小的细节：从通往圣保罗大教堂穹顶的台阶数，甚至丘吉尔的狗的名字！)”可知，培训课程包括学习历史细节。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thisjourneyhasbroughtbackmypassionforourcapital.(这段旅程重新点燃了我对我们首都的热情。)”可知，带游客游览让作者重新找回了对这座城市的热爱。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Afterdecadesofworkingasafoodcolumnist,therewerepartsofmethatwereweak,soitwaswithmybrain.ItwouldgoblankmidsentencewhenItriedtorecallafancyingredient’sname.Tochallengethisoldgreymatter,Ithrewmyselfintoabrandnewchallenge:sinkingabigsumofmoneyandnearlyayearintotrainingforLondon’sBlueBadge,atouristguidequalificationrecognizedandrespectedinternationally.(当了几十年美食专栏作家，我的身体有些机能开始衰退，大脑也不例外。有时我正说到一半，想不起某个高级食材的名字，脑子会突然一片空白。为了锻炼这颗日渐迟钝的大脑，我投入了一项全新的挑战：斥巨资、花近一年时间备考伦敦蓝色徽章导游证——这是一项国际公认、备受尊重的导游资格证书。)”以及最后一段中“Thisjourneyhasbroughtbackmypassionforourcapital.(这段旅程重新点燃了我对我们首都的热情。)”可知，文章讲述了作者为锻炼大脑，投入大量时间和金钱参加严格的导游培训，历经艰难最终成功考取证书，并且收获了新的职业技能与对城市的热爱。作者的经历传达出“努力终会有回报”的道理。故选A。CToday,withthehelpofAItools,anyonecaninstantlygenerateimpressivearchitecturalimages.Yetthisraisesaseriousquestion:iftechnologylowersthetechnicalbarrier,whatremainsthetruevalueofdesign?Theanswer,manyexpertsbelieve,liesindeeperphilosophicalthinking.Architectureisnotonlyaboutstructure.Italsoreflectshowhumansunderstandlife.Thisunderstandingbeginswiththeindividual—howabuildingcanshapepeople’semotions,andendstothemunity—whetheraneighborhooddesignbringspeopletogetherordrivesthemapart.Ultimately,ittouchesupontimeitself—howtobalancethepreservationofhistoricalidentitywiththeneedforchange.Inmanycities,preservingeveryoldstructure,nomatteritsfunctionorrelevance,hasbeesomethingofasacredcow,admiredbyallbutdiscussedbyfew.Yettruearchitecturalphilosophyrequiresustoaskwhetherpreservingeverythingalwaysservesthemunity’sbestinterest.AIcancopythousandsofdesignstyles,butitcannotmakevaluejudgments.Itdoesnotknowwhy,forinstance,alibraryinColombiaplacesitsreadingroom—notoffices—inthebrightestandhighestspaces:adesignchoicesymbolizingequality.AsscholarNayefAI—Rodhanpointsout,“gooddesignshouldpossessvaluablequalities,includingfairness,inclusion,andsafety,whichcannotbeoutsourcedtoAI.”Inthefuture,thebestarchitectsmaynotbethosewhomasterAItools,butthosewhomasterphilosophicalreflection.SaudiArabia’splannedcity“TheLine”isonesuchexample.Itsdesignisnotonlytechnologicalbutalsophilosophical—itaskswhetherhumanscancreateasustainablecitythatallowspeopletoliveinharmonywithnature.Byturningatraditionalcityintoasinglevertical(垂直的)line,itchallengesourdeepestassumptionsabouturbanlife.Freedfromrepetitivedraftingwork,architectsintheageofAImustthinkmoredeeplyabouthumanity,munity,andsustainability.Thegreatdesignsofthefuturewillemergewheretechnologymeetsphilosophy,notwhereonereplacestheother.8.Whatdoesarchitecturetrulyinvolve?A.Theapplicationoftechnology. B.Theconsiderationofhumanlife.C.Thepursuitofperfectstructure. D.Thefocusonheritageprotection.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outsourced”inParagraph3mean?A.Passedon. B.Givenup. C.Takenback. D.Handedover.10.Whyis“TheLine”mentionedinParagraph4?A.Tohighlightdeepthinking. B.Topraisesustainablecitydesigns.C.Tochallengeexistingdesigns. D.ToargueagainsttheuseofAItools.11.Whatisthebesttitlefor?A.TheFutureofUrbanArchitecture B.BreakthroughinTraditionalDesignC.TheRoleofTechnologyinArchitecture D.ReflectionBeyondArchitecturalDesign【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论在AI技术可以轻松生成建筑效果图的背景下，设计的真正价值所在。文章指出，AI只能降低技术门槛，却无法替代深度的哲学思考，真正的建筑设计关乎对人性、社区、公平、可持续发展的思考。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Architectureisnotonlyaboutstructure.Italsoreflectshowhumansunderstandlife.(建筑不仅关乎结构，它还反映出人类对生活的理解)”可知，建筑真正关乎对人类生活的思考。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“AIcancopythousandsofdesignstyles,butitcannotmakevaluejudgments.(人工智能能够成千上万种设计风格，但它无法做出价值判断)”以及划线词上文“gooddesignshouldpossessvaluablequalities,includingfairness,inclusion,andsafety(良好的设计应当具备一些重要的特质，比如公正性、包容性和安全性)”可知，AI无法做价值判断，好的设计所具备的公平、包容和安全等有价值的品质不能交给人工智能去做，故推测outsourced意为“交给”，与“handedover（移交、交给）”意思最接近。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inthefuture,thebestarchitectsmaynotbethosewhomasterAItools,butthosewhomasterphilosophicalreflection.SaudiArabia’splannedcity“TheLine”isonesuchexample.Itsdesignisnotonlytechnologicalbutalsophilosophical—itaskswhetherhumanscancreateasustainablecitythatallowspeopletoliveinharmonywithnature.Byturningatraditionalcityintoasinglevertical(垂直的)line,itchallengesourdeepestassumptionsabouturbanlife.(未来，最顶尖的建筑师或许并非那些精通人工智能工具的人，而是深谙哲学思辨之道的人。沙特阿拉伯规划建造的新城“线性城（TheLine）”便是一例。这座城市的设计兼具科技感与哲学内涵——它探寻人类能否打造一座可持续发展、人与自然和谐共生的城市。该设计打破传统城市格局，将城市化为一条垂直动线，颠覆了人们对城市生活根深蒂固的固有认知)”可知，最好的建筑师是掌握哲学思考的人，随后举“TheLine”为例，说明其设计既有技术又有哲学深度，是为了强调深度思考的重要性。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Today,withthehelpofAItools,anyonecaninstantlygenerateimpressivearchitecturalimages.Yetthisraisesaseriousquestion:iftechnologylowersthetechnicalbarrier,whatremainsthetruevalueofdesign?Theanswer,manyexpertsbelieve,liesindeeperphilosophicalthinking.(如今，借助人工智能工具，任何人都能瞬间生成令人惊叹的建筑图像。然而这引发了一个严肃的问题：如果技术降低了技术门槛，那么设计的真正价值究竟何在？许多专家认为，答案在于更深层次的哲学思考)”结合全文内容可知，文章围绕AI时代建筑设计的真正价值展开，强调技术之外更需要哲学层面的反思，核心是建筑设计之外的深度思考。D选项“超越建筑设计的思考”最符合文章标题。故选D。DHaveyoueverfeltsostressedthatyoujustfroze?Yourbodygoesstill,youcan’tfeelmuchbutmeanwhile,yoursensesareworkingextrahard.Youknowyoumustactsoon,butyoujustcan’tmove.This“freezing”,ortonicimmobilityinacademicterms,isanadaptivedefenseresponsetostressordanger.Whenwefreeze,ourheartratedropsandourbloodpressurechanges.Afloodofhormones(荷尔蒙)spreadquickly,readyingusforaction.Itcanallhappenwithinseconds.Whilefightorflightseemslogicalforsurvival,freezingmakesusincapableofactingormakingadecision.Butisthatreallyallthat’sgoingon?NotaccordingtoProfKarinRoelofs,aneuroscientistwhostudiesfreezingatRadboudUniversity.“Manypeoplethinkthatfreezingisakindofshutdownofthesystem,”shesays.“Whatweactuallyfindisthatinthreateningsituations,freezingactuallyhelpsgainmoreinformation,prepareactions,andimproveperceptionanddecisionmaking.”It’sastateofbeingwatchfulratherthantotalinactivity.Importantly,thisresponsecanbetrained.Roelofshighlightstwogroupscontrollingfreezing:streetperformerskeepingextremestillness—thesocalledlivingstatues,andsnipers(狙击手)requiringabsolutestillnesswhilemakingdecisions.Labresearchconfirmsthis.Avirtualrealityshootinggameshowedplayerswithstrongerfreezingresponsesperformedbetteranddecidedfaster.Freezingactuallyhelpsreducebrainnoiseandthusleadstofasterdecisions.Butlet’ssayyou’renotasniper,ordon’tspendyourweekendsasalivingstatue.Whatifyou’reabouttotakeanexamorleadabigbusinessmeeting?Thosesituationsinvolvingsocialpressure,maynotbelifeordeath,butstillcancausefreezing.Thekeyistousethisresponsethroughtraining,particularlyslowandrhythmic(有节奏的)breathing.Insteadoffeelingoutofcontrol,youcanmasteritand—sniperornot—takeyourbestshot.12.Whatdoweknowabouttonicimmobility?A.Ithappenswhenwesleep. B.Itraisesourbloodpressure.C.It’sanaturalbodilyreaction. D.Itresultsfromheartfailure.13.WhatdoesKarinRoelofsthinkoffreezing?A.Ithelpsusreducepressure. B.Itstopsoursensesworking.C.Itisnecessaryforsurvival. D.Itpreparesourbodyforaction.14.HowdoestheauthorsupporthisideainParagraph4?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byanalyzingcauses.C.Bymakingacontrast. D.Byexplainingaprocess.15.Whatisthepurposeofwriting?A.Tohelpusapplytrainedbreathing. B.Toshowtherealfunctionoffreezing.C.Tointroduceanewscientificfinding. D.Toclarifymisunderstandingoffreezing.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人在压力或危险下出现的“僵住”（tonicimmobility）现象。文章纠正了人们认为僵住是身体“宕机”的误解，说明它其实是一种有助于收集信息、提升决策的防御反应，并指出这种反应可以通过训练加以利用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“This“freezing”,ortonicimmobilityinacademicterms,isanadaptivedefenseresponsetostressordanger.(这种“僵住”的状态，在学术术语中被称为“强直性静止”，它是机体对压力或危险的一种适应性防御反应)”可知，僵住是面对压力或危险时的自然身体反应。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whatweactuallyfindisthatinthreateningsituations,freezingactuallyhelpsgainmoreinformation,prepareactions,andimproveperceptionanddecisionmaking.(我们实际发现的是，在面临威胁的情况下，僵住的反应反而有助于获取更多信息、做好行动准备，并提升感知能力和决策能力)”可知，KarinRoelofs认为僵住能帮助身体为行动做准备。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Butlet’ssayyou’renotasniper,ordon’tspendyourweekendsasalivingstatue.Whatifyou’reabouttotakeanexamorleadabigbusinessmeeting?Thosesituationsinvolvingsocialpressure,maynotbelifeordeath,butstillcancausefreezing.Thekeyistousethisresponsethroughtraining,particularlyslowandrhythmic(有节奏的)breathing.Insteadoffeelingoutofcontrol,youcanmasteritand—sniperornot—takeyourbestshot.(但假如你既不是狙击手，也不会在周末扮活体雕塑，那该怎么办？如果你马上要参加一场考试，或是主持一场重要的商务会议又该如何应对？这类带有社交压力的场景，虽无关生死，却同样会让人大脑一片空白、身体僵住。关键在于通过训练掌控这种应激反应，缓慢且有节奏地呼吸尤为重要。你不必陷入失控的状态，而是可以驾驭自身状态——无论是不是狙击手，都能全力以赴、发挥出最佳水平)”可知，第四段通过举考试、商务会议等普通人也会遇到的压力场景来支撑观点，属于举例说明。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Haveyoueverfeltsostressedthatyoujustfroze?Yourbodygoesstill,youcan’tfeelmuchbutmeanwhile,yoursensesareworkingextrahard.Youknowyoumustactsoon,butyoujustcan’tmove.This“freezing”,ortonicimmobilityinacademicterms,isanadaptivedefenseresponsetostressordanger.(你是否曾有过极度紧张到完全僵住的经历？你的身体变得僵硬，感觉不到太多东西，但与此同时，你的感官却在拼命工作。你知道自己必须尽快行动，但却就是无法动弹。这种“僵住”的状态，在学术术语中被称为“强直性静止”，它是机体对压力或危险的一种适应性防御反应)”以及文章先介绍僵住是什么，再纠正误解，说明它的真实作用和可训练性，目的是展示僵住的实质和真正功能。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Indailyinteractions,thepowerofspeechisoftenunderestimated.____16____Iproposefourfundamentalprinciplesthatmakeourmunicationtrulyinfluential.Remarkably,thefirstlettersoftheseprinciplesbinetoformameaningfulword.____17____Irefernottosmalliceballsfromthesky,buttoitsothermeaning:togreetorpraisewithenthusiasticapproval.Thisishowourwordswillbereceivedifweconsistentlysticktotheprinciples.Sowhatdotheystandfor?Let’sbreakthemdown.The‘H’ishonesty—beingtruthful,direct,andclear.The‘A’representsauthenticity—beinggenuine(真诚的)andnotpretendingtobesomeoneelse.____18____Ithinkitisanaccuratewaytoputit.The‘I’isforintegrity,whichmeansconsistentlyfollowingthroughonyourpromises.Finally,the‘L’signifieslove,notromancethough,butratheradeepseatedgoodwillforothers.Yetremember,truepoweremergesonlywhentheseprinciplesworkinharmony.Absolutehonestycansometimesbeunnecessarilymean.____19____Insuchsituations,rawtruthneedstobetemperedwithlovetobeeconstructiveratherthanhurtful.Sohail.Now,imagineaworldwhereweallmunicatefromthisfoundation—groundedinhonesty,authenticity,integrity,andlove.Imaginepeoplelisteningwithconscious(有意识的)attentioninsuitableenvironments.____20____A.Itis“hail”,whichhasanideaworthspreading.B.Thewordis“hail”,withagreatdefinitionaswell.C.Itwouldsurelybeaworldofbeautyandunderstanding.D.Myfriendoncedescribeditasstandinginyourowntruth.E.However,itisoftenchallengingtogetourmeaningacross.F.Yet,itisourwordsthatcaninspireandbringaboutchange.G.Tellingothers“Youlookuglytoday,”mightbehonestbutunkind.【答案】16.F17.B18.D19.G20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了让语言交流更有影响力的四个核心原则——诚实、真诚、正直、仁爱，这四个原则的首字母组成单词HAIL，文章强调遵循这些原则能让沟通更温暖、更有力量。【16题详解】根据上文“Indailyinteractions,thepowerofspeechisoftenunderestimated.(在日常交流中，言语的力量往往被低估了)”以及后文“Iproposefourfundamentalprinciplesthatmakeourmunicationtrulyinfluential.Remarkably,thefirstlettersoftheseprinciplesbinetoformameaningfulword.(我认为存在四条基本原则，它们能使我们的交流真正具有影响力。值得注意的是，这些原则的首字母组合在一起可以构成一个有意义的单词)”可知，前句指出“语言的力量常被低估”，后句提出“有四个基本原则能让交流有影响力”。F选项“然而，正是我们的话语能激励他人并带来改变”承接上文，强调语言的重要性，自然引出下文。故选F。【17题详解】根据后文“Irefernottosmalliceballsfromthesky,buttoitsothermeaning:togreetorpraisewithenthusiasticapproval.Thisishowourwordswillbereceivedifweconsistentlysticktotheprinciples.(我所指的并非来自天空的小冰球，而是它的另一种含义：满怀热情地表示欢迎或称赞。如果我们始终坚守这些原则，我们的言语就会得到这样的回应)”可知，本句此处先提出了一个单词，后文给出了释义。B选项“这个单词是‘hail’，它也有很好的释义”与下文对应，直接点出关键词。故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Sowhatdotheystandfor?Let’sbreakthemdown.The‘H’ishonesty—beingtruthful,direct,andclear.The‘A’representsauthenticity—beinggenuine(真诚的)andnotpretendingtobesomeoneelse.(那么它们代表着什么呢？让我们来逐一解读。字母“H”代表诚实——即要讲真话、直截了当且表达清晰。字母“A”代表真实——即要真诚，不要假装成别人)”可知，前句解释A代表authenticity（真诚），即做真实的自己。D选项“我的朋友曾将其描述为坚守你自己的真实”是对authenticity的进一步阐释，衔接紧密。故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Absolutehonestycansometimesbeunnecessarilymean.(绝对的坦诚有时可能会显得过于刻薄)”可知，前句说“绝对的诚实有时可能不必要地刻薄”，G选项“告诉别人‘你今天看起来很难看’也许是诚实的，但并不友善”是对前一句的具体举例，逻辑一致。故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Sohail.Now,imagineaworldwhereweallmunicatefromthisfoundation—groundedinhonesty,authenticity,integrity,andlove.Imaginepeoplelisteningwithconscious(有意识的)attentioninsuitableenvironments.(所以就是这样。现在，想象一个世界，在这个世界里，我们所有人都基于这一基础进行交流——这种交流建立在诚实、真实、正直和爱的基础之上。想象人们在合适的环境中全神贯注地倾听)”可知，前文以“想象”引导对理想沟通世界的描述，C选项“这必将是一个美好且充满理解的世界”对想象的内容进行总结收尾。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）Fromayoungage,Iconsideredmyselfageniuswithabrush.Mygrandfatherbeinganartist,Ibelievedartwasinmy____21____.Ispenthoursdrawingvariousitems.Seeingmyinterest,mymotherregisteredmeforanartclasstodevelopmy____22____.MyteacherMary,however,insistedIperfectly____23____thegreatmasters’works.Any____24____wasunacceptable.Insteadofpraisingmycreativeworks,shecriticizedthemsharply.Asa(n)____25____,Ibegantofearmaking“mistakes”.Intime,mypassionforpainting____26____.Feelingupset,Iturnedtomygrandfather.He____27____myworksandaskedaboutmyideas.Idescribedtheworldinmyhead,expectinghimto____28____mejustasMarydid.____29____,hejustsmiled.“Youhavetwo____30____,”hebegan,“First,Ms.Mary.Sheteachesyouthatyourbrushshouldfollowthebasics.”Hecontinued,“Theotherisyourownheart.The____31____choiceofcolorsandlinesisyourown.Ms.Mary’sjobistohelpyoubetter____32____yourself,notsilenceit.”Now,Iamanartist.Lookingback,mymotherofferedmethefirstbrushtostart;Marygavemea____33____handanddiscipline(训练);mygrandfather,aboveall,gavemeabravehearttobe____34____tomyself,orIwouldneverhavemyuniquestyle.Theyare____35____formetopaintwithmyheart.21.A.ears B.eyes C.blood D.mind22.A.character B.talent C.career D.ambition23.A.copy B.admire C.apply D.employ24.A.excuse B.delay C.bend D.change25.A.rule B.whole C.result D.routine26.A.slipped B.proceeded C.boomed D.declined27.A.mentedon B.dealtwith C.lookedover D.approvedof28.A.criticize B.transform C.tutor D.interrupt29.A.Surprisingly B.Precisely C.Honestly D.Eagerly30.A.options B.guides C.heroes D.solutions31.A.consistent B.unique C.ideal D.cautious32.A.paint B.fort C.voice D.know33.A.rare B.real C.warm D.steady34.A.true B.strict C.kind D.reliable35.A.lessons B.excuses C.warnings D.reminders【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.D27.C28.A29.A30.B31.B32.C33.D34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在艺术成长中经历的挫折与感悟，最终形成独特风格。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我祖父是一名艺术家，我认为艺术流淌在我的血液里。A.ears耳朵；B.eyes眼睛；C.blood血液；D.mind头脑。根据前文“Fromayoungage,Iconsideredmyselfageniuswithabrush.Mygrandfatherbeinganartist,Ibelievedartwasinmy”以及常识可知，作者认为艺术流淌在自己的血液里，有艺术天赋。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我的兴趣，妈妈给我报了美术班来培养我的天赋。A.character性格；B.talent天赋；C.career事业；D.ambition野心。根据前文“Fromayoungage,Iconsideredmyselfageniuswithabrush”、“Seeingmyinterest,mymotherregisteredmeforanartclasstodevelopmy”可知，前文说作者自认为有绘画天赋，妈妈给作者报班是为了培养天赋。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的老师玛丽坚持要我完美地临摹大师们的作品。A.copy，临摹；B.admire钦佩；C.apply申请；D.employ雇佣。根据后文“thegreatmasters’works”以及“Insteadofpraisingmycreativeworks,shecriticizedthemsharply.”可知，老师要求作者临摹大师们的作品。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何改变都是不可接受的。A.excuse借口；B.delay延迟；C.bend弯曲，改变；D.change改变。根据前文老师要求作者临摹大师们的作品以及后文“Insteadofpraisingmycreativeworks,shecriticizedthemsharply.”可知，老师不允许作者对大师们的作品有任何改变。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，我开始害怕犯“错误”。A.rule规则；B.whole整体；C.result结果；D.routine常规。根据前文老师对作者的严格要求以及后文“Ibegantofearmaking“mistakes”.”可知，开始害怕犯“错误”，这是老师严格要求作者所带来的结果。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我对绘画的热情下降了。A.slipped滑动，溜走；B.proceeded继续；C.boomed繁荣；D.declined下降。根据前文“Ibegantofearmaking“mistakes”.”以及后文“Feelingupset,Iturnedtomygrandfather.”可知，开始害怕犯“错误”，作者向祖父求助，说明作者对绘画的热情下降了。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他仔细查看了我的作品，询问我的想法。A.mentedon评论；B.dealtwith处理；C.lookedover查看，检查；D.approvedof赞成。根据后文“myworksandaskedaboutmyideas”可知，祖父先检查了作者的作品，然后询问了作者的想法。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我描述了我脑海中的世界，以为他会像玛丽一样批评我。A.criticize批评；B.transform转变；C.tutor辅导；D.interrupt打断。根据前文“Insteadofpraisingmycreativeworks,shecriticizedthemsharply.”以及后文“justasMarydid”可知，作者预计祖父会像玛丽一样批评自己。故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，他只是笑了笑。A.Surprisingly惊讶地；B.Precisely精确地；C.Honestly诚实地；D.Eagerly渴望地。根据前文作者预计祖父会批评自己以及后文“hejustsmiled”可知，祖父的反应出乎作者的意料。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你有两个向导，”他开始说，“第一个是玛丽女士。她教你画笔应该遵循基本原则。”A.options选择；B.guides向导；C.heroes英雄；D.solutions解决方案。根据前文“First,Ms.Mary.Sheteachesyouthatyourbrushshouldfollowthebasics”以及后文“Theotherisyourownheart.”可知，祖父认为玛丽和作者自己的内心都是作者的向导。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：颜色和线条独特选择是你自己的。A.consistent一致的；B.unique独特的；C.ideal理想的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据后文“yourown”以及“Iwouldneverhavemyuniquestyle”可知，爷爷认为颜色和线条的独特选择是作者自己的。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽女士的工作是帮助你更好地表达自己，而不是让它沉默。A.paint绘