英语最后一课

2014考前指导英语1/68一、听力基本做法1.听前预读，有放矢。考生拿到试卷后利用听之前时间及题与题之间间隙时间，快速抢读问题和选项，带着问题有目标听录音能提升准确率。2.随听随记，无把握就猜。善于利用自己所取得信息，依据读音或着上下文进行快速判断和猜测，进行优化处理。2/68二、听力热点突破１、地点包括地点对话可分为三类：①对话双方在同一地点②对话双方要去不一样地方③对话双方一方去了多个地方。通常包括地点：1.Athospital：examine，headache，coldandflu，pill，bloodpressure，2.Athotel：bookaroom,asingle/doubleroom……3.Atrestaurant：menu,order,bill,beer,wine……4.Inthelibrary：book,magazine……5.Inthebank：cash,check……6.Atashop：size,color,style,discount,7.Inahouse：parents,kid,relative,food,housework,

3/682.时间

①首先要明确时间几个表示方式：hour、minute、week、month、year、century、am、pm、halfpastsix、aquartertoten、ninetwenty、after、before、early、late、delay……②当包括时间有多个时，一定搞清楚谁在什么时候做了什么，搞清楚时间先后次序，有时候时间也包括简单计算。③做题时首先浏览问题与选项，看题目要求经过动作或事件判断时间，还是经过时间选定动作或事件，这么正确率会很高。4/683.人物关系：doctor—patient waiter/waitress—customersecretary—boss shopassistant—customerdriver—policeman teacher—student salesman—customer husband—wife lawyer—client１.doctorandpatient：trouble、check、pain、sore、fever、heart、stomach、lungs、bloodtest、prescription、lightdiet、whendiditstart、openyourmouth……２.husbandandwife：dear、darling、sweetheart、mylove、cook、picnic、TV、dinner……假如是上司跟下属之间关系，语气普通较强硬，有命令意味；假如是夫妻之间，则语气较为甜蜜，随意；朋友之间较亲切；服务员对用户普通较尊敬。5/684.数字

不论是哪种计算，其特点是计算都较简单，1)最好做简明笔记，依笔记去区分或计算，计算速度很关键。2)这类题特点是学生听到什么就选什么往往会错。3)-teen结尾数词与以-ty结尾数词轻易混，要正确分辨。4)以-th结尾序数词轻易与其对应基数词相混。一般在日期，周年楼层层后用序数词；而价格，房号，时间等用基数词。6/685.逻辑推理提问方式：

Whatdoeshe/shemean?Whatdoestheman/womanimply?Whatisthemostprobableresultoftheconversation?Whatcanwelearnfromwhatthespeakersaid?Whatcanweinfer(conclude)fromtheconversation?7/68该类试题多为一个说话人提出问题，发出邀请或者表明观点等，另一个不做正面回答，而是说一些与表面上毫不相关话，或用反问做答，或重复对方话语一部分，经过语气，语气表明自己态度。我们必须要听懂说话者弦外之音，做出正确判断。1．捕捉“弦外之音“，如降调表示赞同必定；升调表示疑问否定。2．侧重but/however/though等词后信息，这些词后往往表转折。3．注意一些语法结构利用，如虚拟语气表示与事实相反；否定比较级结构表示最高级；定语从句对人和事深入修饰。8/68单项填空仔细看题干,不要只读带空格那一句.要瞻前顾后,上挂下连,首尾呼应.含两个空题,先确定有把握那一个.不好判断题可采取排除法.单项选择重点在动词,应该尤其注意时态,情态动词,非谓语动词使用及短语动词辨析.题目是疑问句,可先变为陈说句,被动先变为主动,省略先还原成完整结构,都有利于判断.不可在此恋战,10分钟内务必完成.9/68一、增强语境意识，提升分析语境能力：语境题包含语境信息。题干中语境信息常是单词、短语或句子，有时甚至是一个标点符号。准确把握语境信息能够成功地解答单项选择题。

如：10/68

1.---IhearJanehasgonetotheHolyIslandforherholiday.---Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenshe

?A.wasleaving B.hadleftC.hasleft D.left

2.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy___goingbacktoschool,butshehasn'tdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsiderDB11/683.Tomoughtnotto____meyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.A.havetold B.tellC.betelling D.havingtold4.---Wouldyoutellme_____youwantyourcoffeewithsugarormilk?---Sugar,please.A.whether B.whenC.what D.howAD12/68二.参考命题意图，排除各种干扰

高考选拨性决定了单项填空题不会让全部人顺利过关，命题人通常从以下角度设计干扰信息：（一）句型转换引发干扰：

对策：利用还原法,再现真面目主要用来处理一些非正常语序题目，如被动句、疑问句、感叹句、倒装句、省略句等，我们能够先将其复原为陈说语序再来做题.13/68

1.Everyminuteismadefull_____of___ourlessons. A.use;study B.useful;tostudy C.use;tostudy D.used;studying还原为：Weshouldmakefull_____ofeveryminute___ourlessonsC14/682.Itwas_____theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathome．A．repairB．repairing C．torepairD．inrepair

B

还原为：Theoldmanspentthewholemorning____theoldclockathome．15/68（二)插入语干扰

这类题主要是利用插入语，增加句子复杂程度，从而到达干扰考生视线目标。

对策：去掉插入语Hebelievesinhimself，______，inmyopinion，isofthemostimportance．A．thatB．whichC．whatD．as()

B

16/682.Thewriterandprofessor，whomIoftenrefertoatthemeetings，_____famousforthoseworks．A．isB．areC．amD．were

３.Hewilltellyou_____heexpectswillwinsuchamatch．A．whyB．whomC．whichD．who

A()

D()17/68（三）标点符号干扰

标点符号在英语句式中配合作用是不容忽略，从英语句型结构这一角度来看，它甚至是起着决定性作用——它决定着句子单复形式，决定着选词造句等其它很多问题。

对策：掌握英语中逗号作用、常见句子结构及并列连词18/68

1.Tom，_____suretocometomorrow． Ais B．be C．was Dwouldbe2.Allthemoney____,Johnhadtostartlookingforajob.A.wascost B.hadcost C.havingbeenspent D.havingspent3.____，Ihadtowalkhome．A.Therewasnobus B.TherebeingnobusC.Therewerenobuses D.TherewasnotabusBCB19/68（四）省略句干扰对策：补充省略成份，确定正确选择

1.---Whatmadeyousohappy?---_______. A.

Becauseofmypassingtheexam. B.Ipassedtheexam. C.BecauseIpassedtheexam. D.Mypassingtheexam.2.Sheislookingsoforwardasmuchtohisreturnashehimselfto_____her.

A.haveseen B.seeing C.see D.havingseen(mademesohappy)D（改）Sheislookingsoforwardasmuchtohisreturnashehimself(islookingforward)to_her.B20/68

3.TomisbetteratphysicsthanJack,butnot____atchemistry.

A.goodB.betterC.asgoodD.toogood4.---Ican’tfindMr.Morris.Wheredidyoumeethimyesterday?---Itwasinthehotel____hestayed.

A.where B.which C.that D.theone

改：TomisbetteratphysicsthanJack,butnot_____（as）atchemistry.C

(thatImeethimyesterday)A21/68(五)排除母语或文化差异干扰

对策:了解西方文化背景,风俗和思维习惯---I’dliketoinviteyoutodinnerthisSaturday,Mr.Smith.---______.A.Oh,no.Let’snot.B.I’dratherstayathomeC.I’mverysorry,butIhaveotherplansD.Oh,no.That’llbetoomuchtrouble.C接收邀请时用yes,I‘dlove/liketo或yes,I’dlikethat.或yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou;在表示拒绝时,普通用I’msorry,but…/I’mafraid,but…/I’dlike/loveto,but…22/68---It’sgettinglate.I’mafraidImustbegoingnow.---OK.______.A.TakeiteasyB.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.Solong

3.---Waiter!---______---Ican’teatthis.It’stoosalty.A.Yes,sir?B.What?C.Allright?D.Pardon?DA23/68(六）思维定势干拢

所谓定势思维，就是习惯性地遵照某一单一模式进行思维,也就是从原有知识经验出发，机械地套用老方法，按某种固定思绪去思索问题，轻而易举地得出“正确答案”，结果错了。对策：利用固定词组,句子结构,语法分析法24/68

2.Don'tletthechildwhois___gotoschool.A.soyoungasto B.notoldenoughtoC.tooyoungto D.notoldenough3.Theyinsistedthatthecruelwoman_____thrownintoprison.A.refersto B.referredtobe C.referredtobeing D.referstobe6.Hereissobigastone___noonecanmove．A．thatB．which C．asD．asto(

)DTheyinsistedthatthecruelwoman

(referredto)(should)be

thrownintoprison.BC(Hereissobigastone__noonecanmoveit.)A25/68完形填空26/68正确答题步骤:1.浏览全文,掌握文章中心及脉络;

a.应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.b.注意首段和末端以及每个段落首句.2.分层落实,逐一填空;

a.先填上固定搭配与习惯表示,基本句型等较轻易空格.b.对语境和语义还不太明朗空格要重复推敲,力争突破难点.3.通读全文,检验查对.27/68灵活解题技巧1.照应，瞻前顾后联络全文。2.积累，掌握固定搭配使用方法与同义词辨析。3.分清逻辑关系，注意文中分类、对比、隶属、并列等关系所用词语。4.充分利用你常识。28/681.照应：

充分利用文章结构，上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提醒作用词或句。有时可能是同义词，有时可能是反义词。

1）Travellingwest,yousetyourclock7;travellingeast,yousetitahead…Travelling15todaybecomesyesterday;travellingwestitistomorrow.

7.A.behindB.forwardC.backD.ahead

15.A.southB.eastC.northD.west2）Sotheslavewaspardonedand50.

A.killedB.richC.happyD.freed29/682.积累：固定搭配包含介词与动词搭配、动词与宾语搭配以及形容词与名词搭配等。要依据内容选择正确短语。Theyspendmillionsofdollarsyearly____newspapersandmagazines…

A.inB.toC.onD.forTomtoldwhathesawtothemananditwasn’tlong____thepolicecaughtthethief.A.thatB.beforeC.untilD.thenSomepeopleinIndiadonoteatmeatorfish____.A.afterallB.intheendC.atallD.nolonger

30/683.依据上下文逻辑关系确定选项。1)…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange____quitepleasanttaste.

A.besidesB.butC.andD.or2)Atransistorradioissometimesverysmall.Itisveryeasytocarry…____,radiobroadcastsarebetterforblindpeople.

A.BesidesB.HoweverC.YetD.Sometimes31/681)…,becausetheearth____twenty-fourtimezones,onehourapart.A.givesB.isC.isdividedintoD.shows2)There，1350feetabovethestreet,a____figurewaswalkingonair.A.greatB.strangeC.publicD.tinny4.充分利用生活常识以及相关知识。32/68为何我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?没有严格遵照答题步骤:多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有搞清短文中心和文章情节线索情况下慌忙答题.实际上我们用在这一题上时间能够到达12-15分钟.切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,搞清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐一填空.2.不注意积累答题技巧:a.忽略文章中上下文之间照应关系;b.碰到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义含糊时抱碰运气心理随意作出选择.3.需培养五种意识:词汇语法意识，上下文意识，主题思想意识，社会生活体验意识，跨文化意识33/68阅读了解1．事实细节题2．主旨大意题3．猜测词义题4．推理判断题5．识别图形题6．了解作者意图和态度题34/68任务型阅读年考纲要求考生认真阅读短文，并依据所读，用恰当词语补全文章提要、概括关键内容或作要词词语转换。注意：每空只填一个单词，补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求。35/68表格型(table-shaped)

树状型(Treeshaped)

题型(types)36/68表格型table-shapedSub-topicSub-topicSub-topicChangeinToday’sChildren37/68树状型TreeshapedTheInternetSub-topicSub-topic38/68NecessarySkills主题明确Obvioustopicsentence文章脉络结构清楚Clearstructure文章特点39/68解题步骤一

浏览表格，理清脉络；通读全文，掌握大意标题先看、易题先做40/68解题步骤二

划分段落，对照表格确认细节，找出关键词(句)易题先做41/68解题步骤三整合信息，填写表格确保形式、语法正确42/68依据表格填词：对比表格信息

Wordsfilledbasedontheform

similarities——advantages——strengths——directly——differencesdisadvantagesweaknessesindirectly43/68常见概括性词

significanceimportancemeaningadvantages

disadvantagesdifferences

similarities优劣异同意义观点opinion

view

attitudereason

cause

result

effectconsequencemeasure

solution

way

method原因方法结果目标

aim

purpose

goal强项弱项strengthsweaknesses信息归纳题

解题技巧：44/68RulesfordifferenttypesofpassagesTitleTheme/TopicPresent/CurrentsituationAcommonphenomenon/Problemswith…Differentattitudesto/towardsanissueSupportingdetails/detailedinformationWays/MeasurestosolvetheproblemApproachestosolving…SolutiontotheproblemSuggestions/advice/tipsoffered/givenConclusion议论文45/68RulesfordifferenttypesofpassagesNameAgeSexBirthplaceNationalityEducationLifestories/experiencesContributions/AchievementsInfluence…人物介绍46/68Location(belocated/situatedin…/liein…)Origin(beoriginallycalled…)Size(coveranareaof…)Population(withagrowing/anincreasingpopulationof)Fame

(befamousfor/historicsites/scenicspots/placesofinterest/

touristattraction/touristdestination)HistoryDevelopment(economy/culture…)InfluenceFuture城市、机构、建筑物等47/68RulesfordifferenttypesofpassagesBrandTypeCharacteristics/featuresFunctionsAdvantages(overotherproducts)Benefits(bebeneficialto…)产品介绍48/68平均分：峰值：约13分(08)17~18分书面表示是提升分数最大潜力股书面表示49/68高考阅卷特点：1.阅卷速度快；2.阅卷时间长；3.阅卷老师心理状态：给分中庸50/68影响给分四大原因：一.作文卷面；二.文中所采取语言材料层次；三.行文流畅度；四.文章思想性；51/68一.作文卷面；漂亮书写是写作得分亮点认真练习练书法；可改变提议I：52/68二.文中所采取语言材料层次；人靠衣装，文靠词装A.词汇选择灵活新奇；B.句型结构利用灵活多变;C.勿忘稳妥53/68good2.think3.inmyopinionperfect.excellent.outstandingpromisingfavorable…holdtheviewthat…itiswidelysharedthat…itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat…frommypointofview54/684.moreandmore5.remember6.helpfulhave…inmindanincreasingnumberofagrowingnumberof

beneficial,rewarding55/68三.行文流畅度上下贯通、一气呵成四.突出文章段落中主题句；56/68五。连接词，过渡词意义上承上启下连接词： what’smore,moreover, atthesametime, then,besides, inaddition,furthermore意义转折连接词： however,nevertheless, ontheotherhand, onthecontrary, inotherwords,bytheway…57/68表因果关系:

since,as,because(of),for,so,thus,therefore,asaresult,sothat,表条件关系:

if,onthecondition(that),aslongas,unless,orelse,

58/68表时间关系:later,afterwards,soon,lately,recently,since,fromthenon,eventually,inthemeantime,then,suddenly,atthesametime,next,earlythismorning/year/century,now,resently,later,afterward,somewhatlater,finally,atlast,allofasudden,

59/68表换一个方式表示:

inotherwords,thatistosay,toputitanotherway,表进行举例说明:

forinstance,forexample,like,suchas,表陈说事实:

infact,actually,asamatteroffact,totellyouthetruth60/68表特定次序关系:aboveall,firstofall,firstly,secondlynext,finally,intheend,atlast表总结:onthewhole,inshort,allinall,atlast,inaword,tosumup,61/68尤其注意：

1.防止低级错误，尤其写好首尾段；2.对高考最终一段重视;62/68

高考高分作文观赏

Therearebasicallytwowaystogetworkdone.Onewayisworkingindividuallyandtheotherisworkinginateam.Ofcourse,theyeachhavetheirowncharacteristics.

Theformer,workingindividually,canallowpeopletodothingsinwhateverwaystheylike.Besides,peoplecanalsosolveproblemsbythemselves.Thelatter,however,isquitedifferent.Itrequiresteamspirit.Asisknowntoall,twoheadsarebetterthanone.Manypeoplecantalkoverproblemstogether.What’smore,peoplecanlearnfromeachotherinteamwork.63/68

Personally,Iprefertocombinethemtogether.Becauseworkingindividuallycanhelpmebuildupmyabilitytostandon