英美文学欣赏资料-3romantic literature

RomanticEnglishLiterature

1.HistoricalbackgroundRomanticism–arevoltoftheEnglishimaginationagainsttheneoclassicismreasonFrenchRevolution---thestormingofBastille---Liberty,Equality,andFraternity---Rousseau:glorifyhumannature;claimforsocialdemocracy---responseinBritainThomasPaine:“TheRightofMan”--fightagainsttyrannyFrenchRevolutionBastillePopulationshifts:Enclosure→Urbanization.Industrialrevolution---increasingmechanization;developmentofindustry---disparitybetweentherichandthepoor---Ludditeriots:workers’disturbancesTheReformBill(1832):signifytheendofRomanticperiod.

2.CulturalbackgroundTheRomanticMovement:negativeattitudetowardstheexistingsocialandpoliticalconditions.Core---reactionagainstneoclassicismTime---1798~18321798:LyricalBallads(WilliamWordsworth,S.T.Coleridge)1832:thedeathofSirWalterScott;thepassageoftheReformBillManifesto---LyricalBalladsCharacteristicsSpontaneity:Poemsaretheproductsofanunconsciouscreativity.Subjectivism:self-expression.Individualism:

Manhasinfinitepotentialitiesandcreativepower.Individualfreedomfreefromformalism,tradition,andconformity.

WorshipofNature:Externalnaturebecameapersistentsubjectofpoetry.

NoteofMelancholy:Agloomymoodofmelancholyandloneliness,resultingfromthefrustrationoftheireffortsinrevoltingagainsttheestablishedcodeandconvention.Simplicityinlanguageandfreepoeticforms.RomanticAchievementsPoetry---Lakers(thefirstgeneration):Wordsworth,Coleridge,Southey---Revolutionarypoets(thesecondgeneration)Byron,Shelley,Keats.Novels:JaneAusten:PrideandPrejudiceSirWalterScott:Ivanhoe(historicNovels)WilliamBlake威廉·布莱克

Littleschooleducation,widelyreadanengraverMarriedCatherineBoucher,aworthywifeDiedin1827Toseeaworldinagrainofsand,

Andaheaveninawildflower,

Holdinfinityinthepalmofyourhand,

Andeternityinanhour.

一花一世界

一沙一天国，

君掌盛无边，

刹那含永劫。

—宗白华佛曰：一花一世界，一草一天堂，一叶一如来，一砂一极乐，一方一净土，一笑一尘缘，一念一清静

RobertBurns罗伯特·彭斯

AnationalpoetofScotland,apoetofpeasants,

hispoemsarewritteninScottishdialect.Hislanguageissimpleandplacidandsong-like.Simplicityandsincerityandlovetothelaboringpeopleandpatriotismarealsoreflectedinhispoems.

ARed,RedRose红红的玫瑰O

MY

Luve's

like

a

red,

red

rose

啊，我爱人象红红的玫瑰，

That's

newly

sprung

in

June:

它在六月里初开；

O

my

Luve's

like

the

melodie

啊，我爱人象一支乐曲，

That's

sweetly

play'd

in

tune!

美妙地演奏起来。

As

fair

thou

art,

my

bonnie

lass,

你是那么美，漂亮的姑娘，

So

deep

in

love

am

I:

我爱你那么深切；

And

I

will

love

thee

still,

my

dear,

我要爱你下去，亲爱的，

Till

a'

the

seas

gang

dry:

一直到四海枯竭。Till

a'

the

seas

gang

dry,

my

dear,

一直到四海枯竭，亲爱的，

And

the

rocks

melt

with

the

sun;

到太阳把岩石烧裂；

I

will

luve

thee

still

my

dear,

我要爱你下去，亲爱的，

When

the

sands

of

life

shall

run.

只要是生命不绝。

And

fare

thee

weel,

my

only

Luve,

再见吧－－我唯一的爱人，

And

fare

thee

weel

a

while!

我和你小别片刻；

And

I

will

come

again

,

my

Luve,

我要回来的，亲爱的，

Tho'

it

were

ten

thousand

mile.

即使是万里相隔。

Thispoemfillswithaman’shearty,generousandsincereloveforhisdearlass.

ARedRedRose

byRobertBurnsOmyluve'slikeared,redrose.That'snewlysprunginJune;Omyluve'slikeamelodie

That'ssweetlyplay'dintune.Asfairartthou,mybonnielass,SodeepinluveamI;AndIwilllovetheestill,myDear,Tilla'theseasgangdry.Tilla'theseasgangdry,myDear,Andtherocksmeltwi'thesun:Iwillluvetheestill,myDear,Whilethesandso'lifeshallrun.AndfaretheeweelmyonlyLuve!Andfaretheeweelawhile!AndIwillcomeagain,myLuve,Tho'itweretenthousandmile!一朵红红的玫瑰啊，我的爱人象朵红红的玫瑰，六月里迎风初开，啊，我的爱人象支甜甜的曲子，奏得合拍又和谐。我的好姑娘，多么美丽的人儿！请看我，多么深挚的爱情！亲爱的，我永远爱你，纵使大海干涸水流尽。纵使大海千涸水流尽，太阳将岩石烧作灰尘，亲爱的，我永远爱你，只要我一息犹存。珍重吧，我唯一的爱人，珍重吧，让我们暂时别离，但我定要回来，哪怕千里万里！

Auldlang

Syne

byRobertBurnsShouldauldacquaintancebeforgotAndneverbroughttomind?Shouldauldacquaintancebeforgot,Andauldlang

syne!Forauldlang

syne,mydear,Forauldlang

syne,We'lltakeacupo'kindnessyetForauldlang

syneAndsurelyye'llbeyourpintstowp!AndsurelyI'llbemine!Andwe'lltakeacupo'kindnessyet,Forauldlang

syneWetwahaerunaboutthebraes,Anpou'dthegowansfineButwe'vewander'd

monyawearyfitt,Sin'auldlang

syneWetwa

hae

paidl'dintheburn,Fraemorningsuntilldine;Butseasbetweenusbraidhae

roar'd,Sinauldlang

syneForauldlang

syne,mydear,Forauldlang

syne,We'lltakeacupo'kindnessyetForauldlang

syneAndthere'sahand,mytrustyfiere!Andgie'sahando'thine!Andwe‘lltakearightgude-willie

waught,(大口吞饮，苏格兰)Forauldlang

syneForauldlang

syne,mydear,Forauldlang

syne,We'lltakeacupo'kindnessyetForauldlang

syne

往昔的时光

老朋友哪能遗忘，

哪能不放在心上？

老朋友哪能遗忘，

还有往昔的时光？

为了往昔的时光，老朋友，

为了往昔的时光，

再干一杯友情的酒，

为了往昔的时光，

你来痛饮一大杯，

我也买酒来相陪。

干一杯友情的酒又何妨？

为了往昔的时光。我们曾邀游山岗，到处将野花拜访。但以后走上疲惫的旅程，逝去了往昔的时光！我们曾赤脚瞠过河流，水声笑语里将时间忘。如今大海的怒涛把我们隔开，逝去了往昔的时光！忠实的老友，伸出你的手，让我们握手聚一堂，再来痛饮—杯欢乐酒，为了往昔的时光！WilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)威廉·华兹华斯BornatCockermouth,CumberlandAttendedSt.John’sCollege,CambridgeUniversityAkeenlovefornaturefromchildhoodTheFrenchRevolutionLakePoets(RobertSouthey)PoetLaureate1843PoeticinspirationdulledLyricalBallads(1798)《抒情歌谣集》AworkincollaborationwithSamuelTaylorColeridgeThesummitperiodofhispoetry“allgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings”“endeavoredtobringlanguageneartothereallanguageofman”.IWanderedLonelyasaCloudDaffodilsIWanderedLonelyasaCloudIwanderedlonelyasacloud

我孤独地漫游，像一朵云

Thatfloatsonhigho'ervalesandhills,

在山丘和谷地上飘荡，

WhenallatonceIsawacrowd,

忽然间我看见一群

Ahost,ofgoldendaffodils;

金色的水仙花迎春开放，

Besidethelake,beneaththetrees,

在树荫下，在湖水边，

Flutteringanddancinginthebreeze.

迎着微风起舞翩翩。

Continuousasthestarsthatshine

连绵不绝，如繁星灿烂，

Andtwinkleonthemilkyway,

在银河里闪闪发光，

Theystretchedinnever-endingline

它们沿着湖湾的边缘

Alongthemarginofabay:

延伸成无穷无尽的一行；

TenthousandsawIataglance,

我一眼看见了一万朵，

Tossingtheirheadsinsprightlydance.

在欢舞之中起伏颠簸。

Thewavesbesidethemdanced,butthey

粼粼波光也在跳着舞，

Out-didthesparklingwavesinglee:

水仙的欢欣却胜过水波；

Apoetcouldnotbutbegay,

与这样快活的伴侣为伍，

Insuchajocundcompany:

诗人怎能不满心欢乐！

Igazed--andgazed--butlittlethought

我久久凝望，却想象不到

Whatwealththeshowtomehadbrought:

这奇景赋予我多少财宝，——

Foroft,whenonmycouchIlie

每当我躺在床上不眠，

Invacantorinpensivemood,

或心神空茫，或默默沉思，

Theyflashuponthatinwardeye

它们常在心灵中闪现，

Whichistheblissofsolitude;

那是孤独之中的福祉；

Andthenmyheartwithpleasurefills,

于是我的心便涨满幸福，

Anddanceswiththedaffodils.

和水仙一同翩翩起舞。

AnalysisIWanderedLonelyasaCloud”isapoemaboutnature.Withhispureandpoeticlanguage,Wordsworthbringsusintoabeautifulworldwheretherearedaffodils,treesandbreeze.Wefollowthepoetateveryturnofhisfeelings.Wesharehismelancholywhenhe“wanderedlonelyasacloud”andhisdelightthemomenthisheart“withpleasurefills”.Wecometorealizethegreatpowerofnaturethatmayinfluenceourlifedeeplyasrevealedinthepoem.Thepoemconsistsoffour6-linedstanzasofiambictetrameter抑扬格四音部

witharhymeschemeofababccineachstanza.GeorgeGordonByron“Oneshadethemore,oneraytheless,Hadhalfimpairedthenamelessgrace”LiterarycareerOnthewhole,Byron’spoetryisoneofexperience.Hisliterarycareerwascloselylinkedwiththestruggleandprogressivemovementsofhisage.Hischiefcontributionisthecreationofthe“Byronichero”---aproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin.Importantworks:

ChildeHarold’sPilgrimageDonJuanSheWalksinBeautyShewalksinbeauty,likethenightOfcloudlessclimeandstarryskies,

她漫步在美的光彩中，像夜色般

皎洁无云，繁星漫天，Andallthat'sbestofdarkandbrightMeetinheraspectandhereyes;

明与暗的最美妙的色泽在她的仪容和秋波中交织Thusmellowedtothattenderlight

融合成如此柔和的光泽Whichheaventogaudydaydenies.

让天堂和人间的一切美景都黯然失色。

Oneshadethemore,oneraytheless,

增减一分暗影或光亮Hadhalfimpairedthenamelessgrace

都会损害这难言的优雅美丽Whichwavesineveryraventress

乌黑的长发犹如轻轻的波浪Orsoftlylightenso‘erherface,

或者散布淡淡的光辉在那脸庞wherethoughtsserenelysweetexpress

清幽，恬静的思绪Howprue,howdeartheirdwelling-place.

倾诉着他们的寓所是多么的纯洁而珍贵。

Andonthatcheekando'erthatbrow

那额际，那眉梢

Sosoft,socalm,yeteloquent,

如此轻柔温和，脉脉含情

TheSmilesthatwin,thetintsthatglow

那迷人的微笑，那容颜的光彩，

Buttellofdaysingoodnessspent,

都在表达一个善良的生命

Amindatpeacewithallbelow,

她的思想如此与世无争，安于世间的一切

Aheartwhoseloveisinnocent.

她心中的爱如此天真无邪

SummaryByronwrotethispoemthemorningafterhehadmethisbeautifulyoungcousinbymarriage,Mrs.RobertJohnWilmot,whoworeablackmourninggownbrightenedwithspangles.Thepoetadmiresthewoman’seyes,blackhair,brow,cheek,coloringandsmile.Withdarkhairandfairface,theladyisminglingofvariouslightandshades,comparabletothelightanddarknessofanightskywithstars.Hepraisesherpurethoughts,goodactions,serenemind,andinnocentlove.1.TheRomanticMovementexpressedamoreorless______attitudetowardtheexistingsocialandpoliticalconditions.A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.indifferentAnswer:B5.FortheRomantics,____isnotonlythemajorsourceofpoeticimagery,butalsoprovidesthedominantsubjectmatter.A.loveB.manC.natureD.deathAnswer:C6.IntheRomanticperiod,____isthemostprosperousliteraryform.A.proseB.poetryC.fictionD.playAnswer:B19.RomanticismisaperiodofBritishliteratureroughlydatedfrom_________.A.1660-----1798B.1798----1832C.1483-----1546D.1836-----1901Answer:B6."Foroft,whenonmycouchIlieInvacantorinpensivemood,TheyflashuponthatinwardeyeWhichistheblissofsolitude;Andthenmyheartwithpleasurefills,Anddancewiththedaffodils."(1)Whatisthe"blissofthesolitude"?(2)Interpretthepassag