高中英语新人教版高中必修第一册第五单元词汇练习题

词汇是语言学习的基石，扎实的词汇功底是提升语言能力的关键。本单元围绕特定主题展开，涉及诸多核心词汇与短语。以下练习旨在帮助同学们巩固所学，深化理解，并能在语境中灵活运用这些词汇，为后续的听、说、读、写技能训练奠定坚实基础。一、单词拼写(根据句意及首字母提示完成单词)1.Thef______(特征)ofthenewphoneincludeabettercameraandlongerbatterylife.2.Shehasat______(天赋)formusic;shecanplaythepianoverywellatayoungage.3.Itisc______(普遍的)knowledgethattheearthgoesaroundthesun.4.Thelittlegirlwasf______(害怕的)ofthedarkandalwayssleptwithalighton.5.Weneedtoa______(采纳)anewapproachtosolvethisproblemeffectively.6.Hisd______(决定)tostudyabroadsurprisedallhisfamilymembers.8.Sher______(拒绝)hisinvitationpolitelybecauseshehadanotherappointment.10.It'simportanttor______(尊重)theopinionsofothersevenifyoudisagreewiththem.二、词义匹配(将下列单词与相应的英文释义匹配)1.challenge2.achieve3.opportunity4.responsible5.contribute6.admire8.determine9.creative10.independentA.tolookatsomethingorsomeonewithpleasureandrespectC.adifficulttaskthattestsone'sabilityorskillD.havingtheabilitytoproduceoriginalandunusualideasE.togivemoney,help,ideasetc.tosomethingthatalotofpeopleareinvolvedinG.havingthepowertomakedecisionsforyourselfwithoutbeingcontrolledbyothersH.havingthejobordutyofdoingsomethingortakingcareofsomeone/somethingI.atimeorchancetodosomethingJ.todecidesomethingofficiallyordefinitely三、词汇运用(用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空)3.Weshouldshow______(respectful)toourparentsandteachers.4.The______(discover)ofelectricitychangedtheworldgreatly.5.Afteryearsof______(persevere),hefinallyachievedhisgoal.6.It'sour______(responsible)toprotecttheenvironment.7.Thelittleboyshowedgreat______(brave)whenhesavedthecatfromthetree.8.Shewas______(delight)tohearthegoodnews.9.Theteacher's______(encourage)madehermoreconfident.10.Weneedtofinda______(solve)tothisproblemassoonaspossible.四、短语填空(从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空，每个短语限用一次)1.Everyonecan______totheworldintheirownsmallway.2.She______readingnovelswhenshewasyoung.3.Ourteamneedsto______anewplantowinthegame.4.______hishelp,wefinishedtheworkontime.5.Hedecidedtogototheparty______stayathome.6.Weshouldlearnhowto______difficultiesinourlife.7.Manystudents______theEnglishspeechcontestlastweek.9.Youwill______alltheconsequencesofyouractions.10.______,wealsoneedtoconsiderthecostoftheproject.五、句子翻译(将下列句子翻译成英文，使用括号内所给的提示词)1.她不仅擅长音乐，而且对绘画也有天赋。(betalentedin)2.我们应该专注于我们能做什么，而不是不能做什么。(focuson)3.这位科学家花了十年时间才完成这项研究。(Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.)4.你的支持对我们的成功起着重要作用。(playarolein)5.他总是乐于助人，这就是我们都喜欢他的原因。(bewillingto)参考答案及解析(此处略，实际应用中可附上详细答案及部分题目的简要解析，帮助学生理解)---练习建议：*定时练习：尝试在规定时间内完成练习，模拟测试环境。*语境记忆：不要孤立地记忆单词，尽量在句子和篇章中理解和记忆词汇的含义及用