人教版八年级英语下册Unit 2 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4d分层作业

Unit2StayHealthy

课时3SectionAGrammarfocus(4a-4d)分层作业

9作业导航

核心知识速记01基础达标02能力提升03拓展培优04思维进阶

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:核心知识速记s

＜词汇

ache/elk/n.&v.疼痛；pain/peln/n.疼痛;痛苦;hurt/h3：rt/v.受伤；伤害；careful/'ke3f(a)I/'

*^^]

iadj.小心的knife/naif/n.刀；clear/klio(r)/adj.清晰的；清楚的；brightness/'braims/n.光度；

Jenvironment/In'valronmont/n.环境；cross/krDs/v.穿越；横过；yourself/jo：r'self/pron.你自己£

:句型

5f

\一、询问问题或状况，

,1.What'swrong?-----怎么了？

k2.What'sthematter?-----出什么事了？

：二、表达疼痛或受伤]

1.1hurtmyselfwhenIfelloffmybike.----我从自行车上摔卜来伤到了自己。

■2.Wecaneasilyhurtourselves.----我们很容易伤到自己。

I三、给予建议5

1.Youshouldseethedoctor.-----你应该去看医生。

,2.Bemorecarefulnexttime.-----下次要更小心。

I3.Youcouldeatsomesoftfood.-----你可以吃些软食。

i4.Youshouldn'teatsomuch.-----你不应该吃这么多。

基础达标

一、单词默写。

1._______/elk/n.&v.疼痛；2._______/peln/n.疼痛；痛苦

3._______/h3：rt/v.受伤；伤害；4._______/'kcaf(a)l/adj.小心的

5._______/naif7n.刀；6._______/klia(r)/adj.清晰的

7._______/'braitnos/n.比度；8._______/In'vaironmont/n.环境

9._______/krDs/v.穿越；10._______/jo：r'self/pron.你自己

【答案】1.ache;2.pain;3.hurt;4.careful;5.knife;6.clear;7,briglitness;8.environment;9.cross;lO.yourself

二、词组默写。

I.胃疼；2.牙疼

3.伤到自己;4.小心使用刀

5.保护眼睛;6.调整亮度

7.横穿马路；8.避免使用手机

9.听音乐;10.给某人建议

［答案］1.stomachache;2.toothache;3.hurtoneself;4.usetheknifecarefully;5.protectyoureyes;6.adjustthe

brightness;7.crosstheroad;8.avoidusingthephone;9.listentomusic;10.giveadvicetosb.

三、根据要求完成句子

1.你怎么了？

wrong?

2.我昨晚吃太多了，现在胃疼。

Itoomuchlastnight.NowIhavea.

3.你应该去看牙医并拍X光片。

YouseethedentistandgetanX-ray.

4.你可以先吃些软的食物。

Youeatsomesoftfoodfornow.

5.如果你不小心，很容易伤到自己。

Ifyouarcnotcareful,youcaneasily.

6.不要在路上看手机。

Youlookatyourphonewhenyoucrosstheroad.

7.你应该每20分钟让眼睛休息一下。

Yourestyoureyesevery20minutes.

8.他以前是医生，所以他知道怎么照顾自己。

Heusedtobeadoctor,soheknowshowtohimself.

［答案］1.What's;2.ate;stomachache;3.should;4.could;5.hurtyourself;6.shouldn't;7.should;8.take

careof

四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。

1.Ifyouhaveastomacha,youshouldn,teattoomuch.

2.Youshouldgotoseethedifyouhaveatoothache.

3.Becwhenyouuseaknife,oryoumayhurtyourself.

4.Weshouldprotectourebynotusingphonestoolong.

5.Ifyoufeeltired,youclistentosomesoftmusic.

6.Don'tctheroadwhilelookingatyourphone.

7.Shehurthwhenshefelldownfromthebike.

8.Youshouldausingyourphoneinthedark.

【答案】I.ache;2.dentist;3.careful;4.eyes;5.could;6.cross;7.herself;8.avoid

五、单项选择。

1.一Ihaveasorethroat.

—Youdrinksomewarmwater.

A.shouldB.shouldn'tC.couldD.can'l

2.Youcattoomuchjunkfood.It'sbadfbryourhealth.

A.shouldB.couldC.shouldn'tD.can

3.—Howdidyouhurt?

—Icutwithaknife.

A.yourself;myselfB.yourself;yourselfC.myself;myselfD.yourself;myself

4.Heseeadoctorbecausehehasafever.

A.shouldB.shouldn'tC.couldD.wouldn't

5.lbprotectyoureyes,youlookatscreensforalongtime.

A.shouldB.couldC.shouldn'tD.can

6.一Myleghurts.

-You—___walktoomuchtoday.

A.shouldB.couldC.shouldn'tD.can

7.Weenjoyedatthepartylastnight.

A.ourselvesB.myselfC.themselvesD.yourselves

8.You______eatsomefruitsifyoudon'twanttoeatrice.

A.shouldB.couldC.shouldn'tD.mustn't

【答案】1.A;2.C;3.D;4.A;5.C;6.C;7.A;8.B

02能力提升

六、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

I.Youshould(see)adoctorifyoufeelsick.

2.Hehurt(he)whenplayingsoccer.

3.Shecould(eat)somesoupbecauseherteethhurt.

4.Theyenjoyed(they)atthebeachyesterday.

5.Youshouldn't(use)yourphoneinclass.

［答案］1.see;2.himself;3.eat;4.themselves;5.use

七、选词填空。

阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。

stopsufferimportantavoidilltakeshouldmedicineyouvirus

Doyouhavetheflu?ThefluisanIthatcancauseafeverandpainsandmakepeopleweak.Sometimes,

itcanmakepeoplesosickthattheyhavetostayinbedallday.Weshoulddoourbest2itfromspreading（传

播）,Dothefollowingthingsifyouare3fromtheflu.

Tellyourparentsfirst.They'll4youtoadoctorsoon.Thedoctorwilltestyouandgiveyousome5.

You6keepawayfrommeetinglotsofpeople.It'sgoodfbryoutostayathomeandrestifyouhavethe

flu.Bystayingathome,youwon'tspreadthe7toyourclassmatesorotherpeople.Stayingathomecanalso

helpyougetbettersoon.Remembertotakecareof8bygettingenoughrestanddrinkingmuchhotwater.

Most9,keepyourroomcleanandopenthewindowstoletfreshairineveryday.Trytowashyourhands

regularlyto10spreadingtheflutootherfamilymembers.

【答案】

1.illness2.tostop3.suffering4.take5.medicine6.should7.virus8.yourself

9.importantly10.avoid

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了流感的症状、危害，并给出了如果患流感应采取的系列措施，包

括就医、居家隔离、保持个人卫生和环境卫生等。

1.句意：流感是一种疾病，会引起发烧、疼痛并使人虚弱。**Thefluisan...thatcancauseafeverand

pains”可知，空格位于不定冠词“an”之后，需要一个以元音音素开头的单数可数名词；应填iH“生病的”的名

词形式illness“疾病”。故填illness。

2.句意:我们应该尽力阻止它传播。根据“doourbest...itfromspreading”可知，doone'sbesttcdosth.“尽力

做某事"，stop...fromdoing"阻止...做某事“；应填tostop。故填tostop。

3.句意：如果你正在遭受流感的折磨，请做以下事情。根据"ifyouare…fromtheflu”可知，空格位于“are”

之后，且与“from”搭配；sufferfrom"遭受...痛苦”，此处是现在进行时bedoing结构，用现在分词形式

sufferings故填sufferings

4.句意：他们会很快带你去看医生。根据“They，IL..youtoadoctorsoon”可知，takesb.loadoctor“带某人

去看医生”，主语“TheyF”后接动词原形；应填take。故填lake。

5.句意：医生会给你做检查并给你开一些药。根据“giveyousome…”可知，空格位于“some”之后，需要一

个名词：应填medicine“药"c故填medicinen

6.句意：你应该避免与大量人群接触。根据“You...keepawayfrommeetinglotsofpeople”可知，句了•缺少

情态动词或助动词，表达建议；应填should“应该”。故填should。

7.句意：待在家里，你就不会把病毒传播给你的同学或其他人。根据“youwon'spreadthe…toyour

classmales”可知，动词“spread”后接名词作宾语，指传播的东西；应填virus“病毒故填virus。

8.句意：记住要通过充分休息和多喝热水来照顾好自己。根据“takecareof…bygettingenoughrest”可知，

takecareofoneself，照顾好自己“；应填you的反身代词形式yourself。故填yourself。

9.句意：最重要的是，保持房间清洁，每天开窗通风。根据“MosL..,keepyourroomclean”可知，空格位

于句首，作状语修饰整个句子；应填important”重要的”的副词形式importanUy。故填imporlanlly。

10.句意：尽量规律地洗手，以避免将流感传播给其他家庭成员。根据“to…spreadingtheflutcotherfamily

members”可知，不定式“todo”作目的状语；且空格后接动名词“spreading”，动词“avoid”后接动名词作宾语,

构成avoiddoing“避免做某事”。故填avoid。

拓展培优

八、阅读短文，文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，选项中有项为多

余选项。

Sometimeswemayhaveafever（发烧）.Anditmakesusmuchmoreworried.Ifwearehavingafever,there

aresomethingsthatwecannotdo.1

Don'tdrinkanydrinks.

“Sodaandcoffeeshouldbercfiiscdwhenyouhaveafever,saysPauline,adoctoraboutfamilymedicine.

Theycancausedehydration（脱水）.

2

"It'sbetternottoputontoomanyclothes,nsaysDr.Marinov.Yourbodywillworkhardertochangeyour

bodytemperaturetoaproperoneandthenitjustmakesyourfeverworse.

Don'tdouble（加倍）uponyourmedicine.

3However,ifyoutaketoomuchmedicine,youmaygetintotrouble.uSomepeopleovertakemedicineand

theirbodyishurtorevensomeofthemlosetheirlives,MsaysDr.Marinov.

Don'tstayhungry.

“Thefeverspeedsupyourmetabolism（新陈代谢）.Youneedevenmoreenergy（能量）fromfood,MsaysDr.

Marinov.Beinghungryhasabadinfluenceonyourbodyhealth.4

Don'tforgettodrinkwater.

“Afeverwillquickentherespiratoryrate（呼吸频率），sothereiswaterloss.5Thesewillfinallycause

seriousdehydration.Drinkingenoughwatercansolvetheproblemwell,“saysRalph,directorofascientific

research.

A.Don'tweartoomuch.

B.Sopeopleshouldcatasmuchfoodastheycan.

C.Herearesomeofthemshared（分享）bydoctors.

D.Rightmedicinedoeshelpwhenyouarehavinga

fever.

E.Foodallowsyoutohaveenergytofightagainstthe

fever.

F.Whal'smore,peopleusuallydrinklesswalerduring

afever.

【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.E5.F

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发烧时不能做的事情，并引用医生的话来解释原因。

1.根据上文“Ifwearehavingafever,therearesomethingsthatwecannotdo.”可知，发烧时有些事情不能做,

下文具体介绍了这些事情，所以此处需要一个承上启下的句子；选项C”以下是医生分享的部分禁忌。”符

合语境。故选C。

2.根据下文“Msbetternottoputontoomanyclothes,”可知，木段主要讲的是不要穿太多衣服，选项A“不要

穿太多。''符合段落主旨。故选A,

3.根据卜文“However,ifyoutaketoomuchmedicine,youmaygetintotrouble.”可知,卜文转折说过量用药的

危害，那么此处应提及正确用药的情况；选项D“当你发烧时，正确的药物确实有帮助。”符合语境。故选

Do

4.根据上文“Thefeverspeedsupyourmetabolism.Youneedevenmoreenergyfromfbod,"和“Beinghungryhas

abadinfluenceonyourbodyhealth.”可知，发烧时新陈代谢加快，需要更多食物提供的能软，饥饿对身体健

康有不良影响，所以此处应强调食物能让你有能量对抗发烧；选项E”食物能让你方能量对抗发烧.”符合

语境。故选E。

5.根据上文“Afeverwillquickentherespiratoryrate,sothereiswaterloss."和下文"Thesewillfinallycause

seriousdehydration.”可知，发烧会加快呼吸频率，导致水分流失，而下文说这些会最终导致严重脱水，所

以此处应进一步说明发烧时人们通常喝水更少的情况：选项F“此外，人们在发烧时通常喝水更少。”符合

语境。故选F。

九、阅读理解，根据表格和短文判断正（T）误（F）。

TheWHO（WorldHealthOrganization）warnsthatChikungunyafever（基孑L肯雅热）isspreadingfastand

mosquitoesaretherealtroublemakers!

[妙https:〃www.health.com_____________________________________________x]

It'sAllthe

Mosquitoes'FirstdiscoveredinTanzaniain1952.“Chikungunya”comesfromanAfricanlanguageand

Faultmeans"can'tstandup”.Youguesswhy?Thevirusmakesone'sjointslikekneeshurtsomuchthat

thepatienthastobendoverandcan'tevenstandupstraight!

Whatwillhappenifyouarekissedbyamosquitowithvirus?

Highfbvormedicinecantreatityet.

1（over39℃）Buttherearesomewaystobelpyonfeelbetter:

Jointpain窗*.后

©Hotdndw圆多日罂

MuiclcMln—.Takeparacetamol

of

Rodr»ha3water（扑热息痛）（odo前物

©painandfever

Good

news:

It

hardly

causes

seriousTostaysafe,fightmosquitoes:

illnessor

Usemosquito

death.Wearclothescoveringarmsandlegs

Notic

repellenl（驱虫剂）

c:

The■Bl寻Stayinair-

mosquitoes1I11Sleepunderanet

aremostconditionedrooms

activeinthe

early

morning

andlate

afternoon.

1.InwhichcountrywasChikungunyafever（基孔肯雅热）firstdiscovered?

A.Tanzania.B.China.C.SouthAfrica.D.Australia.

2.Howmanywaystofightmosquitoesarementionedintheinformation?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

3.WhatwouldbetheproblemofthepatientifhecatchesChikungunyafever?

4.Whenarethedangerousmosquitoesmostactive?

A.Duringmidnight.B.Intheearlymorningandlateafternoon.

C.Atnoon.D.Alldaylong.

5.Whereistheinformationmostprobablyfrom?

A.Astorybook.B.Atravelguide.C.Asciencemagazine.D.Ahealthwebsite.

【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.B5.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基孔肯雅热这一疾病，包括其发现地、症状、蚊子传播病毒的时间以

及预防蚊子叮咬的方法等相关信息。

1.细节理解题。根据文中“FirstdiscoveredinTanzaniain1952.”可知,基孔肯雅热最初是在坦桑尼亚发现的。

故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据文中“Tostaysafe,fightmosquitoes:Usemosquitorepelleni（驱虫剂）；Wearclothes

coveringarmsandlegs；Stayinair-conditionedrooms；Sleepunderanet”可知,提到了使用驱虫剂、穿遮盖

胳膊和腿的衣服、待在有空调的房间里、睡在蚊帐下这四种对抗蚊子的方法。故选C。

3.推理判断题。根据文中“Thevirusmakesone'sjointslikekneeshurtsomuchthatthepatienthastobendover

andcan'tevenstandupstraight!”可知，患者感染基孔肯雅热后关节会非常疼痛，以至于不得不弯腰，甚至

无法站直，C选项符合这一症状描述。故选C。

4.细节理解题。根据文中“Themosquitoesaremostactiveintheearlymorningandlateafternoon.”可知，危险

的蚊子在清晨和傍晚最活跃。故选B。

5.推理判断题。文章主要围绕基孔肯雅热这种由蚊子传播的疾病展开，介绍了疾病相关信息以及预防蚊

子叮咬的方法，与健康相关，所以最有可能来自健康网站。故选D。

十、阅读理解。

PatientDiagnosticReport（病人诊断报告）

Date:April14th

Name:JohnBlackMember:1508657

Age:16yearsoldJob:Student

Phonenumber:178***073Address:No.12GreenStreet

Problem:Havingastomachache

AdviceAttention

1.Takesomemedicinethreetimesaday1.Don'ttakeexercisewhenyouhavea

aftermeals.stomachache.

2.Eatlesseverytimeandeatmoreoften.2.Don'tdrinkcoffeeortea.

3.Trytorelaxanddrinkenoughwarm3.Takearestanddon'tstayuplate.

waterormilk.4.Stoptakingthemedicineifyouhavea

feverorcough.

Cost

Inspectionfee（检查费）:230yuan

Medicine:\03yuan

Service:2yuan

Signature（签名）：Dr.WilliamThomas

1.WhathappenedtoJohnBlack?

A.Hehadastomachache.B.Hehadacough.

C.Hehadafever.D.Hehadaheadache.

2.WhatshouldJohndo?

A.Exercisemoreoften.B.Eatlesseverytime.

C.Drinkcoffeeandtea.D.Takemedicineonanemptystomach

3.HowmuchdidJohnhave（opayaltogether?

A.230yuan.B.330yuan.C.333yuan.D.335yuan.

4.WhoisWilliamThomas?

A.Heisapatient.B.Heisadoctor.

C.Heisastudent.D.Heisanurse.

5.Accordingtothepassage,wheredidithappen?

A.Inahospital.B.Atschool.

C.Atabusstation.D.Inasupermarket.

【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.B5.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一份病人诊断报告，主要记录了16岁学生JohnBlack因胃痛就诊的医疗信息、医生建议及

费用明细。

1.细节理解题。根据“Problem:Havingastomachache”可知，JohnBlack的问题是胃痛。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据“Eallesseverytimeandealmoreoften.”可知，医牛.建议他每次少吃。故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据"Inspectionfee（检查费）：230）“〃"、"Medicine:103及“Service:2yA知，总

共的费用是230+103+2=335元。故选D。

4.细节理解题。根据“Signature（签名）：Dr.WilliamThomas”可知，WilliamThomas是签署诊断报告的医牛

故选Bo

5.推理判断题。本文为医疗诊断报告，包含检查费、医嘱等专业内容，由此可推断事件发生在医院。故

选Ao

H-一、完形填空。

Abouthalfamonthago,Ihadafever.Whal'smore,Ihadaserious（严重的）IIreally2myhealth,

so1wentto（hehospital.First,anursetookmy3.Itwas38.9℃.Thenthedoctor4mylungs（肺）._5

that,heaskedmetohaveabloodtest（9佥血）.Aftercheckingtheresults,thedoctorsaidtherewas6serious

andIjustcaughtacold.Hearingthat,1felt7.

Thenthedoctorgavemesome8.Healsoadvised（建议）metohaveenoughwaterandgetenough9,

Theywouldhelpmefeelbetterandgetwellsoon.

I10thedoctor'sadvice.1tookthemedicinethreetimesaday,drankalotof11andsleptformore

thantenhourseachnight.Twodayslater,12feltmuchbetterandIcouldgobacktoworkafteroneweek.

NowIoftenplay13likerunningbecauseexercisecanhelpmestaystrong,healthyandhappy.Ialso

washmyhandsoftensothatI14catchacoldeasily.1havemeat,eggsandmilkeveryday15theyarc

richinprotein（富含蛋白质）.Healthyfoodisimportantanditcanhelpmestayhealthy.

1.A.coughB.throatC.sugarD.diet

2.A.lookedafterB.gotthroughC.foundoutD.worriedabout

3.A.adviceB.pointC.temperatureD.message

4.A.studiedB.droveC.examinedD.worked

5.A.AfterB.WithC.FromD.Over

6.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

7.A.afraidB.tiredC.weakD.relaxed

8.A.foodB.medicineC.milkD.meat

9.A.walerB.adviceC.sleepD.health

10.A.askedB.gaveC.practicedD.followed

11.A.waterB.fruitC.chanceD.lesson

12.A.heB.IC.sheD.they

13.A.musicB.gamesC.sportsD.cards

14.A.needn'tB.won'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't

15.A.becauseB.soC.ifD.but

【答案】

1.A2.D3.C4.C5.A6.B7.D8.B9.C10.D11.A12.B13.C14.B

15.A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己感冒发烧就医、康复的经历，并分享了康复后保持健康的生

活习惯。

1.句意：更重要的是，我咳得很厉害。

cough咳嗽；throat喉咙；sugar糖;diet饮食。根据"1hada鱼ve尸和"serious”可知,感冒常伴有“咳嗽故

选Ao

2.句意；我真的很担心我的健康，所以我去了医院。

lookedafter照顾；gotthrough通过；foundout发现；worriedabout担心。根据“Ihada他ver”和“soIwentto

thehospital”可知,作者“担心”健康。故选D。

3.句意：首先，护士量了我的体温。

advice建议；point点；lemperalure温度；message信息。根据"Itwas38.9C”可知，是“体温”。故选C。

4.句意：然后医生检查了我的肺。

studied学习；drove驾驶；examined检查；worked匚作。根据"mylungs”可知，医生“检查”肺部。故选C。

5.句意：在那之后，他让我去验血。

Afler在...之后；Wilh和;From从；Over在....上。根据“heaskedmetohaveabloodtest”可知,在检查

肺部“之后”。故选A。

6.句意：医生检查了结果后说没什么严重的，我只是感冒了.

something某事;nothing没什么;anything任何事;everything一切。根据“Ijustcaughtacold”可知,不严重,

所以“没什么”大问题。故选B。

7.句意：听到这个，我感到放松了。

afraid害怕的；tired疲劳的；weak虚弱的；relaxed放松的v根据“therewas...serious”可知，得知不严重后

“放松”了。故选D。

8.句意：然后医生给了我一些药。

food食物；medicine药；milk牛奶；meat肉。根据“Itookthemedicinethreetimesaday”可知，医生给了

“药故选B。

9.句意：他还建议我喝足够的水和获得足够的睡眠。

water水；advice建议；sleep睡眠；health健康。根据"getenough"和“Theywouldhelpmefeelbetter”可知，

感同时需要',睡眠"。故选C。

10.句意：我遵循了医生的建议。

asked问；gave给；practiced练习；followed遵循。根据“thedoctor'sadvice"可知，"遵循"建议＜故选D。

II.句意：我一天吃三次药，喝很多水，每晚睡十多个小时。

waterzK；fruit水果;chance机会；lesson课程。根据“drankalot0fM和上文医生建议多喝水可知,是喝“水

故选A。

12.句意：两天后，我感觉好多了。

he他；I我；she她：they他们。根据“fellmuchbetter”和主语是“”可知，是“我”感觉好了。故选B。

13.句意：现在我经常做像跑步这样的运动。

music音乐；games游戏;sports运动；cardsk片。根据"likerunning”可知,跑步是“运动故选C。

14.句意：我也经常洗手，这样我就不会轻易感冒。

needn't不必；won't不会；mustn't禁止;shouldn't不应该0根捱'*washmyhandsoften”可知,洗手是为了

"不‘'轻易感冒。故选氏，

15.句意：我每天吃肉、鸡蛋和牛奶，因为它们富含蛋白质。

because因为；so所以；if如果；but但是。根据“theyarerichinprotein”可知，这是每天吃这些食物的“原

因“。故选Ao

04思维进阶

HealthyHabits,HealthyYou:MoreThanJustRules

Part1:ReadandExplore

Wcallknowwcshoulddrinkwaterandshouldn'teattoomuchjunkfood.Butwhatiftakingcareofour

healthcouldalsobefun,creative,andevenhelpourfriends?

Manystudentsarenowusingtheirhobbiesandskillstolearnandshareabouthealthininterestingways.For

example:

•Somestudentswhoenjoymakingvideoscreateshortclips（hatshoweasyexercisestodoathomeorhowto

makeahealthysnack.

•Thosewholikewritinganddrawingmake“HealthTip”postersfbrtheirclassroom,remindingeveryoneto

washhandsortakeeyebreaks.

•Somewhoaregoodattalkingstart"BuddyCheck^^groupswheretheyremindafriendtodrinkwaterorstand

upandst