2026届新高考英语考前冲刺最后一课 长难句分析拆分简化

Loremipsumdolorsitamet,Theanalysisofsentences2026届新高考英语考前冲刺最后一课长难句分析——拆分简化辨识长难句长难句分析四步法拆解简化口诀高考真题辨识长难句核心定义：长难句=1个主句+多个从句+一堆修饰ZhongNanshan,whograduatedfromBeijingMedicalUniversity,

isanextremelyexcellentdoctorinChina,

leadingthefightsagainstCOVID-19pandemic.思考：是什么使得句子又长又难？

一个句子=主干+N个修饰从句非谓语动词短语介词短语1.Heworkshard.2.Heworkshardforacompany.4.Livingwithhissonhappily,heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002.5.Livingwithhissonhappily,heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002andmostofhisworkmatesshowgreatrespectforhim.3.Heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002.Whatmakesasimplesentencebecomecomplicated?介词短语从句非谓语动词形容词副词同位语插入语并列结构Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelptheirpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.(新高考全国Ι卷)leavestrunkbranches五大基本句型如果你愿意一层一层一层地拨开它的心；你会发现，你会讶异，就只是简单五大基本句型。Fourbasicsentencestructures基本句子类型MissLiuisourEnglishteacher.

MissLiuisourEnglishteachersheisverypretty.MissLiuisourEnglishteacher，devotesherselftoteaching.MissLiuisourEnglishteacher______devotesherselftoteaching______wealladmireher.andwhowhoandSimplesentence简单句Compoundsentence并列句Complexsentence复合句Compound-complexsentence并列复合句Fivebasicsentencestructures五种基本句型B1.LearningEnglishisimportant.2.Helookshappy.A1.Themanlaughed.2.Thechildrencried.C1.Hehelpedme.2.Ilikesmiling.D1.Helentmefiftyyuan.2.Iboughthersomeflowers.E1.WecallhimMike.2.Hemakesmesad.主+系+表主+谓+宾+宾补主+谓+双宾主+谓+宾主+谓阅读理解(Reading)长难句常作为出题点，理解错误会直接导致选错答案。完形填空(Cloze)长难句的逻辑关系（如因果、转折）是解题的关键线索。语法填空对长难句结构的分析是判断词汇的基础在作文中恰当使用长难句，可提升文章档次。书面表达(GrammaticalFilling)

(WrittenExpression)长难句在考试中的应用场合长难句分析三长and,but,or,aswellas一并列两短prepositionphrase介词短语clause从句non-finiteverbphrase非谓语adjective/

adverb形容词、副词parallelstructure平行并列结构Themodifierscanbeconcludedasfollows：三长两短一并列划分：从介词开始到介词后面第一个名词结束划分：引导词开始

①到句尾

②到逗号

③到下一个修饰成分

④到下一个谓语划分：非谓语开始

①到句尾

②到逗号

③到谓语动词

④到下一个修饰成分tips：扩句程度较低，不影响句子理解，在分析句子的时候可以不单独挑出来连接词连接名词，动词，句子等,找出连接词,如果连接句子，把句子断开后再分析单个句子里面的句子成分介词短语Prepositionphrase从句Clause非谓语Non-finiteverbphrase形容词、副词Adjective,adverb并列Parallel

Thegirl(underthetree)ismysister.

TheSpringFestival(thatcanshowthetraditionofChinese)isthemostimportantfestival.Theman(teachingEnglish)iscalledDamon.I(firmly)believeheisthe(only)choice.Singingandlaughing,weheadedtothepark.

Usebrackets(括号)tomark“三长”“两短”,andcirclestomarkthecompound(连词).Markthemodifiers&Graspthetrunk（括修饰，抓主干）

①去繁存简抓主干认清“三长两短一并列”，找到主干。三长介词短语从句非谓语两短形容词副词一并列并列句括号标记(名从充当主干）不做标记框出并列词，往后看找出并列成份并标🔺※同位语、插入语、强调句、省略句、倒装句的嵌套(EventhoughBritainhasareputation)(

forless-than-impressivecuisine）,

itisproducingmoretopclasschefs

（whoappearfrequently）（onourtelevisionscreens）and（whoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists）.本句主干②按照顺序译意群运用词汇及语法知识,借助连接词/引导词等将长句分解成若干意群并直译引导条件让步状语从句引导定语从句引导定语从句(EventhoughBritainhasareputation)(

forless-than-impressivecuisine）,itisproducingmoretopclasschefs（whoappearfrequently）（onourtelevisionscreens）and（whoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists）.③调整语序明句意

合理调整语序，使句意表达通顺。尽管英国的菜肴有个不怎么样的名声，但是它培养了越来越多顶级厨师，他们经常出现在电视屏幕上，他们的食谱经常在畅销书列表上名列前茅。Thekeyfinding

(ofthestudy)was

that

（when

crowds

werefurtherdivided）（intosmallergroups）(that

wereallowedtohaveadiscussion),theaverages(fromthesegroups)weremoreaccurate

（than

those

）（fromanequalnumber）(ofindependentindividuals).本句主干引导表语从句（充当主干）引导时间状语从句引导定语从句修饰先行词指代四步法拆解长难句STEP01STEP02圈连词(标志)识别从句的“开关”，圈出连接词，区分主句与从句。STEP03括掉修饰成分“脱掉”长难句的“外衣”，用括号隔离从句和修饰。STEP04译主干补细节先抓核心主干含义，再将修饰成分的细节补充进去。找动词(谓语)确定句子的“心脏”，找到谓语动词圈连词(从句标志)Step1.核心概念：连词是从句的“信号灯”，看到它们就意味着一个从句的开始。定语从句(Attributive)that,which,who,whom,whose,where,when,why状语从句(Adverbial)because,if,when,while,although,though,until,that名词性从句(Noun)what,who,which,whether,if,that例句分析句子：Idon'tknowifhewillcomebecauseheisbusy.解析：连词"if"(引导宾语从句)和"because"(引导原因状语从句)。找动词(谓语)Step2.Heistheboywhowonthecompetition.核心概念：句子的心脏动词是句子的核心，找到谓语动词，就找到了句子的主干。关键作用：表达动作或状态决定句子的时态和语态连接主语与其他成分例句解析成分分析：主句谓语：is(系动词，表示状态)从句谓语：won(实义动词，表示动作)括号括掉从句和修饰Step3.核心方法：化繁为简识别修饰成分找出句子中的定语从句、宾语从句、介词短语等修饰性内容。括号整体括除将这些修饰成分用括号标记并暂时忽略，剥离干扰信息。提取句子主干剩下的部分通常就是句子的主语、谓语和宾语核心结构。实战演练：例句解析Thebookthatyouboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.分析结果：括掉定语从句(thatyouboughtyesterday)后，剩余主干为：Thebookisveryinteresting.()翻译主干，再补修饰Step4.核心逻辑：先准确理解句子主干的核心意思，再将括号内的修饰成分通顺地补充进去，实现全句的完整翻译。原句拆解(SentenceBreakdown)1.句子主干(MainClause)Thebookisveryinteresting.2.修饰成分(Modifier)(thatyouboughtyesterday)翻译重组(TranslationProcess)1.翻译主干这本书很有趣。2.补充修饰，形成完整译文(你昨天买的)这本书很有趣。01.圈连词识别连接词，区分主句与从句，理清句子逻辑结构。03.括从句用括号括起修饰性从句，暂时屏蔽次要信息，简化视觉。04.留主干剔除修饰成分后，剩下的主谓宾即为句子的核心含义。终极口诀“找动词，定主句；见连词，划从句；括号括掉修饰语，剩下主干最清楚。”02.找动词寻找句子的核心谓语，确定动作发出者与承受者的关系。总结与回顾简化口诀1.划出句子主干(主谓)

trunk 谓语动词有什么特点

2.括起修饰成分

拨开枝叶减少干扰

3.

圈出句中连词

根据连词确定从句类型4.理顺逻辑读懂句意

注意英汉差异：后置定语一划

(二括/圈)“三会意”branches

(leaves)理清句子主干和附属成分之间逻辑关系SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,tohelpreduceunemploymentpressures.ATrunk:Schoolsareexpectedtohiregraduates.简单句()()()()()()Simplesentence简单句non-predicate（非谓语）Inthe1970shewasasurgeon(外科医生)atYale,hadawonderfullifeandfivebeautifulchildren,buthewasterriblyunhappy.B本句为____个并列句；连词是______()()Compoundsentence并列句3butThat引导的________从句中，包含______引导的时间状语从句。并列句和主从复合句并存CIcan’tliveinfearofthepossibilitythatasourearth’spopulationgrowsandweusemoreofournonrenewable非再生的resources,ourchildrenmayhavetoleadpoorerlives.Complexsentence复合句()()同位语asclause（同位语从句）我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：随着地球上人口的不断增长，我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源，我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。Proudlyreadingmywords,Iglancedaroundtheroom,onlytofindmyclassmatesbearingbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes.【句式分析】本句是_________句，主干是_________________________。修饰语包括三个非谓语短语：__________，________，和__________。【句子翻译】当自豪地阅读我写得内容的时，我环顾整个房间，却发现我的同学笑得眼泪都要流出来了。一划，二括，三会意)()()(简单readingtofindbearingIglancedaroundtheroomTheOlympicspirit--thespiritofcompetitionwhichemphasizestakingpartratherwinning–hasbeenviolatedbythedesiretosucceedatallcosts.

【句式分析】本句是______句，主干为______________________________其余部分皆为_________。which引导___________，修饰先行词_______,tosucceed修饰________。【句子翻译】奥林匹克精神—强调参与而不是取胜的竞技精神–已经被为成功而不惜一切代价的愿望所亵渎。一划，二括，三会意)()(复合定语从句spiritdesire侵犯,亵渎修饰语同位语TheOlympicspirithasbeenviolated

Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheads(淋浴喷头)thataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-room（腿部空间）allmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight.一划，二括，三会意)(

)(

)(

)(

【句式分析】本句是______句，谓语动词是______，主语是_____，第一个that从句修饰______，第二个that从句修饰______________，with结构修饰_________________。【句子翻译】太小的床，太低的淋浴喷头，几乎没有腿部空间的餐厅桌子，都让那些身高高于平均水平的人的生活变得艰难。复合makeshowerheadsrestauranttablesbeds【句式分析】本句是______句，连词为____。第一个分句是____________，

第二个分句是____________。修饰语有___，___，___。suitableforliving修饰_______,togofurtherintospace修饰______。句中运用了__________时态。【句子翻译】到本世纪末，我们将会在太阳系中发现其他适合人类居住的星球，并将发现进行更远空间探索的方法。Bytheendofthecentury,wewillhavediscoveredotherplacesinoursolarsystemsuitableforlivingandwewillhavediscoveredwaystogofurtherintospace.一划，二括，三会意)()(并列)(将来完成waysandplaceswewillhave...wewillhave...Themoreexposedyoungpeoplearetofinancialissues,andtheyoungertheybecomeawareofthem,themorelikelytheyaretobecomeresponsible,forward-planningadultswhomanagetheirfinancesconfidentlyandeffectively.一划，二括，三会意【句式分析】本句包含了特殊句式___________________________，主干是___________________,who引导的从句修饰________。【句子翻译】年轻人越接触经济问题，越早地了解这些问题，他们就更有可能成为有责任感的、早作打算的成年人，能够有信心地、有效地管理自己的经济问题。)(the+比较级，the+比较级adultsAstheirworldexpanded,(shesaid),childrencomparedthemselvestoothersonlineinawaythatwas“hugelydamagingintermsoftheirself-identity,intermsoftheirconfidence,butalsointermsoftheirabilitytodevelopthemselves”.(2017江苏卷D)一划，二括，三会意【句式分析】本句是______句，主干是__________。that引导的是_______从句，修饰______。从句主干是______，后面三个介词短语的关系是______关系。【句子翻译】随着他们的世界的扩张，孩子们把自己跟网络上的其它人，用一种对自我认同、自信心和自我发展能力都具有极大破坏力的方式进行比较。)(复合)(定语way并列3suspects’(嫌疑人)

statementsVictim(受害者)：Mr.Wang,asuccessfulbusinessman,wasfoundmurderedinhishouseat10pm,withaknifeinhischest.HavinganargumentwithMr.Wang,Joe,oneofMr.Wang’sneighbors,didn’tgetalongwellwithhim.ButhehadbeenpaintingforseveralhoursinhisownhousethatnightwhenMr.Wangwasmurdered.HehasworkedwithMr.Wangonseveraloccasions.Twoweeksago,JackfoundaloveletterfromMr.Wangtohiswife,andhewasfurious,

feelingbetrayedandembarrassed.Owningarestaurant,hehadaccesstoallkitchensuppliessuchaskniveswhichcanbedangeroustools.AsMr.Wang’spersonalassistant,JanewasblamedformakingmistakesinworkbyMr.Wang,whowasalwaysstrictandunkindverbally.Someonefoundthattherewasaknifewoundinherhand.Shewasburiedinherworkattheofficeuntil3amnextmorning.JoeJackJaneFindthekiller(寻找真凶）SuspectNo.1Having

anargumentwithMr.Wang,Joe,oneofMr.Wang’sneighbors,didn’tgetalongwellwithhim.Buthehadbeenpaintingforseveralhoursinhisownhousethatnightwhen

Mr.Wangwasmurdered.Joe（）（）（

）（

）（）（

）Joedidn’tgetalongwellwithhim.ButhehadbeenpaintingwhenMr.wangwasmurdered.SuspectNo.2JaneAsMr.Wang’spersonalassistant,JanewasblamedformakingmistakesinworkbyMr.Wang,whowasalwaysstrictandunkindverbally(言语上地).Someonefoundthattherewasaknifewoundinherhand.Shewasburiedinherworkattheofficeuntil3amnextmorning.（

）（

）（）（）（）（）（）（）（）（）Janewasblamed.Someonefound.Shewasburied（）inherworkattheofficeuntil3amnextmorning.SuspectNo.3HehasworkedwithMr.Wangonseveraloccasions.Twoweeksago,JackfoundaloveletterfromMr.Wangtohiswife,andhewasfurious(狂怒的),

feeling

betrayedandembarrassed.Owningarestaurant,hehadaccesstoallkitchensuppliessuchaskniveswhichcanbedangeroustools.JackKiller（）（）（）（）（）（）（）（）（）Jackhasworked.Jackfoundaloveletterandhewasfurious.Hehadaccess.withMr.wang.toallkitchensuppliessuchasknives高考真题1.Hisjourneybeganatalocalartsandcraftsfactory,(

56

he

noticed

agapbetweentraditionalChineselacquerwareandmodernglobalstandards.)(2025届石家庄二模)2.Arelative(62._________brags(吹嘘)aboutenjoyingfoodoutofseason)islaterrevealedtohavedangerouslyviolenttemper.(2025届石家庄二模)3.InYihuawanCulturalTourismTown,locatedinAnhui’sSusongCounty,visitors

canhike

throughjungle-filledvalleys,pickfreshfruitandvegetables,andadmire

seasofflowers

(____42____areinfullblossomthroughouttheyear.(2025届高三深圳期末联考)4.Despitechallengessuchasunpredictableweatherandsignalinterference,theteam,(______57averageageis

27,)deliveredaflawlessperformance.Mostoftheteammembersspecializeindronetechnology,whileothersareenthusiastsrecruitedbythecompany.(2025届高三衢州、丽水、湖州二模)定从中不缺主干，先行词是

地点---where定从中缺主语，先行词是

人---who定从中缺主语，先行词是

物---which/that定从中有部分主语，即缺少定语，---whose长难句中定语从句的考查：（标注提示：主句中

主语

谓语

宾语

先行词；

从句在括号内显示，再标记句子成分）5.(_______64____isexpectedbyindustryexperts,)drone

shows

aregoingtobecome

evenmorespectacular,withcontinuoustechnologicalprogress.(2025届高三衢州、丽水、湖州二模)6.AbdulrahmanAlSuhailbni,thepresidentofcultureattheRoyalCommissionforAlUla,says,“We’veadoptedavariedstrategytomeettheneedsofChinesetourists,（

62

features

cultural,historicalandluxuryexperiences.”

）（

2025届高三武汉二月调研测试）7.AmongtheBritishMuseum’smostfamousholdingsaretheElginMarbles,（_______wereremovedintheearly19thcenturyfromAthens.（2025届广东高三名校仿真模拟卷）8.Actually,besidesitsrichtourismresource（thatbringpositiveattentiontothecityofKaifeng）,residentsinKaifenghavelongbeendevotingtofuelingitstourism,（among________XuShijieisanoutstandingrepresentative.）(河北省2025届高三年级调研考试)非限定从中缺主语，辨别准确，先行词是物---which非限定从中缺主语，先行词是物---which非限定从中缺主语，辨别准确，先行词是人，且前有介词---whom定从中缺主语，还需考虑翻译意思，正如…---as，

长难句中谓语动词的考查：（标注提示：

主语

谓语

宾语

定语

状语）谓语填空：步步为营，找主语，看单复，时态语态要分析，特殊结构要记住，就近原则别疏忽，集合名词看语境。1.OnJanuary28,3,000drones(无人机)performedastunninglightshowinChongqingduringtheSpringFestivalGala.Theshow,organizedbyDamodaIntelligentControlTechnology,________(feature)patternsoffamouslandmarksandflowers

acrossthenightsky.（2025届高三衢州、丽水、湖州二模）2.In1881,theoriginalnaturalhistorycollections________(move)toanewbuildinginSouthKensingtontoformtheNaturalHistoryMuseum,andin1973theBritishMuseum’slibrary

wasjoinedwith

anumberofotherholdings________(create)theBritishLibrary.（2025届广东高三名校仿真模拟卷）3.Theircreations

werecollectedinMessengersfromtheVernalWood,（which_______(release)inGermanyonOctober18,2024.）（2025届云浮市云城区高三调研）句子中缺少谓语，看上下文时态---featured第一个空，句子中缺少谓语，in1881过去时，与主语collections被动关系，---weremoved第二个空，主谓宾齐全，少目的状语——tocreate从句中缺少谓语，主语which指代的先行词是书名，视为单数---wasreleasedInthefinalchapterofpartone,I’llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.