2026年高考英语终极冲刺：清单03 非谓语动词（主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语）（一）（抢分清单）（原卷版）

清单03非谓语动词(主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语)(一)专题01非谓语动词作主语、表语一.非谓语动词作主语(动名词，动词不定式)1.常用it为形式主语，动名词作主语的句型:Itis/wasnouse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasnotanyuse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasoflittleuse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasuselessdoingsth.It’sawasteoftimedoingsth.ItwasnousepretendingthatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.Itisnogoodtryingthatmethod,becauseitwon’twork.2.常用it为形式主语，动词不定式作主语的句型:Itis/was＋adj.＋for/ofsb.todosth.若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of，此时形容词常为kind，nice，foolish等词，且sb.与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。Itisimportantforustomeetpersonallyalthoughwehavebeenintouchinvariousways.Itisgenerousofhimtocontributesomuch.(2019•天津6月卷•4)________tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday’schildrenwillneedforthefuture.

A.LearnB.Learned C.LearningD.Havinglearned二.非谓语动词作表语动名词表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作动词不定式多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语常是表示无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句现在分词令人……的过去分词人感到……的MydreamistoenterPekingUniversity.Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.Atfirstshewasterrified,thenshepulledherselftogether.Theradiationofnuclearbombingisterrifying.(2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Thesesepalsopenonwarmdaystogivetheinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Incoldweather,thestructurestays________(close)toprotecttheplants.

专题02非谓语动词作宾语、宾语补足语一.非谓语作宾语1.不定式作宾语(1)常跟不定式作宾语的动词：decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish，refuse，manage，volunteer，pretend,offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，ask/beg，helpMyEnglishteacherpromisedtolendsomebookstome.我的英语老师答应借给我一些书。记忆口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装；主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮(2)动词tell，show，understand，know，explain，teach，learn，advise等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。Pleasetellmewhentostarttheproject.请告诉我何时开始这个项目。(3)在某些动词如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe后，常用it作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，最后加不定式作真正的宾语。Wethinkitourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。2.动名词作宾语只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词和短语:suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice,risk,keep,keepon,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,excuse,finish,miss,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等。介词后要跟动名词作宾语，但是介词but后跟不定式作宾语。Mymothercouldn’thelpsmilingwhensheheardthegoodnews.听到那个好消息，我妈妈情不自禁地笑起来。Theyhadnochoicebuttowaithere.他们别无选择只有在这儿等待。记忆口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想；避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏；禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准避免。附录：下列动词或短语既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(meantodosth打算做某事,meandoingsth意味着做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgettodosth忘记要去做某事(未做),forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事(已做过或已发生)))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(regrettodosth对要做的事感到遗憾(未做),regretdoingsth对做过的事后悔(已做)))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(trytodosth努力去做某事,trydoingsth尝试做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(goontodosth继续做另一件事,goondoingsth继续做原来做的事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(remembertodosth记住去做某事(未做),rememberdoingsth记得做过某事(已做)))【温馨提示】在need，want，require等后表示被动意义，不定式要用被动语态，动名词不需要。Yourhairneedstobecut.＝Yourhairneedscutting.你的头发需要剪掉。1.(2025新高考I卷)Wehope________(present)theratherabstractGogameandAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptualartandexpressionism.2.(2025浙江1月卷)Tanya’sshopoffersfashionclothesforwomen________(rent)ratherthanpurchasethemoutright,providingalessexpensivesolutionstoone-timeeventdressing.3.(2025浙江1月卷)Ireallywanttomakethisworkforpeople’slivestoday,andIknowthatdoesn’talwaysmean________(return)adressontheMondayafteraspecialweekend二.非谓语作宾语补足语1.“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词和短语(see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel)后面的宾语补足语有三种常见的非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do表主动和完成(被动句中to还原),doing表主动或正在进行,done表被动或完成。see＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth,看见……正做……,dosth,看见……做了……))⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系),\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beingdone看见……,正在被做,done看见……被做))⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)))【温馨提示】“感官动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时需加to。Thethiefwasobservedtoenterthebank.(被动语态)有人看见小偷进了银行。2.动词let,make,have,get,leave,keep,find后接非谓语动词形式作宾语补足语。①make＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(do让……做……⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系),done让……被做⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)))②let＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(do让……做……⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系),bedone让……被做⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)))③have＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth让……做某事,doingsth\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(使……持续,做某事))))⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系),\a\vs4\al\co1(done使……被做)⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)))④get＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth使……做,doingsth使……开始做))\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系),done使……被做⇒\x(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)))⑤leaveeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb/sthdoingsth,让某人/物一直,处于某种状态)⇒\x(\a\vs4\al\co1(宾语与宾补之间是,逻辑上的主动关系，,表示动作正在进行)),\a\vs4\al\co1(sthundone,留下某事未做)⇒\x(\a\vs4\al\co1(宾语与宾补之间是,逻辑上的被动关系，,表示被动和完成，,宾补一般多为undone，,unfinished，unsettled，,untouched，etc.)),\b\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(sbtodosth让某人去做某事,sthtobedone留下某事要做))⇒\x(\a\vs4\al\co1(动词不定,式表示将,来的动作))))⑥keepeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb/sthdoingsth让某人/物一直做某事,\a\vs4\al\co1(sb/sthdone使某人/物被……)⇒\x(表示被动且完成，或表示状态)))⑦findeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sbdoing发现某人正在做……,sb/sthdone\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(发现某人/物,已经……)),sb/sthtobe...\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(发现某人/物……))))⇒eq\x(\a\vs4\al\co1(表示,完成,或状态))【温馨提示】(1)“使役动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时也需加to。(2)havesbdoingsth用于否定句中，常与can’t，won’t等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。Hewasmadetoworkdayandnight，sohewasverytiredofthejob.他被迫日夜工作，所以他非常厌倦这项工作。Iwon’thaveyouspeakingtoyourdadlikethat.我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话。3.with复合结构(1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词，现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行(2)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词，过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成或表状态(3)with＋名词/代词＋不定式，不定式表示动作尚未发生【温馨提示】(1)有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即“动词/动词短语＋宾语＋todo”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有：advise建议allow允许ask询问；要求beg恳求cause导致encourage鼓励permit准许forbid禁止force强迫intend打算invite邀请order命令；要求persuade说服prefer更喜欢require需要；要求teach教remind提醒tell告诉want想要warn警告wish希望；想要waitfor等待callon号召；要求dependon依靠urge催促；力劝(2)下列句型中常用动词不定式作主语补足语，它们是：sbbesaid/believed/known/reported/considered/thought＋todo/tohavedone/tobedone/tobedoing/tohavebeendonesth1.(2025天津高考第二次)Withrobots________variousindustrialtasks,factorieshaveincreasedproductionefficiency.A.toperform B.tobeperformed C.performing D.beingperformed2.(2025天津高考第一次)TheschoolhasdecidedtobuildanAIlabandtheteacherswouldliketoseetheconstructionproject________inthenextschoolyear.A.tocarryout B.carryingout C.beingcarriedout D.carriedout3.(2025北京高考)Isometimescallhimback,worriedthathemighthavesomeone________(scare).附录：非谓语动词的形式与功能种类形式主动被动主语宾语宾补表语定语状语不定式一般式todotobedone√√√√√√进行式tobedoing×完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone动名词一般式doingbeingdone√√×√√×完成式havingdonehavingbeendone分词现在分词一般式doingbeingdone××√√√√完成式havingdonehavingbeendone过去分词一般式done(vi.)表完成done(vt.)表被动与完成××√√√√确定谓语动词与非谓语动词一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词，则填谓语动词；谓语动词要考虑时态，语态和主谓一致等。如果在句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词(并列连词或者从属连词)的时候，则所给动词一定要用非谓语动词形式。非谓语动词形式需要确定是现在分词形式，过去分词形式，不定式形式还是动名词形式。2.确定形式主语与提示词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，用doing,主语与提示词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，用done;,3.确定时态表示将来的动作：todo/tobedone;表示正在发生的动作：doing/beingdone;表示完成的动作：done/havingdone/havingbeendone.时间：10分钟满分：16分得分：_______一.单项选择1.(2026·天津滨海新区·一模)________toclassicalworksofliteraturefromanearlyageislikelytodevelopastudent’sabilityoflogicalthinkingandaestheticappreciation.A.Beingexposed B.Exposing C.Exposed D.Toexpose2.(2026高三上·天津滨海新·月考)________bytheteachertoleavetheclassroommadehimfeelashamed.A.Asked B.Beingasked C.Havingasked D.Tohaveasked3.(2026·天津滨海新区·一模)After________bytheheavydeluge,Henanprovincesufferedfromseriousdamagestoitsscenicspots,manytourists________inthedisasterregion.A.beingstruck,weretrapped B.struck,havingbeentrappedC.beingstruck,trapped D.havingbeenstruck;weretrapped4.(2026·天津蓟州·一模)Dependonit!Wewon’thavethedriver________awaywithknockingdowntheoldman.Wewillfindhimoneday.A.getting B.get C.got D.toget5.(2026高三上·天津河北·期末)UponenteringtheLouvre,visitorswereexcitedtoseetheWingedVictoryofSamothrace________,withlightsandcamerassetupallarounditforadocumentary.A.filmed B.filming C.tobefilmed D.beingfilmed6.(2026高三上·天津南开·期末)Thelittleboywasnoticed________Englishwordsaloudwhenhismotherpassedbyhisroomearlyinthemorning.A.read B.reading C.toread D.havingread7.(2026·天津·一模)Intheageofdigitalcommunication,ithasbecomeeasierthanevertokeepeachother________acrossborders.A.toupdate B.updating C.updated D.beingupdated8.(2026·天津滨海新区·一模)Withvariousculturalactivitiesbeingheld,wefoundourcitylifemorecolorfuland________withtraditionalChineseculture.A.filled B.filling C.tofill D.beingfilled9.(2026高三上·天津·期末)Withmoreonlineresources________bystudents,thelibraryhasprovidedbetterguidancefortheirlearning.A.using B.touse C.used D.beingused10.(2026高三上·天津滨海新·月考)Withmountains________atthefarsideandflocksofbirdsflyingoverhead,Ican’thelpbuthavemyeyes________onsuchbreath-takingview.A.stood;focusing B.standing;focusing C.standing;focused D.stood;focused二.单句语法填空1.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)________(take)aspringoutingduringQingmingisatime-honoredcustom.2.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)Inthepast,thepeopleofChinabelievedthataftershelteringindoorsduringwinter,bothbodyandheartneed________(refresh)bytheembraceofspring,andawalkclosetonaturewouldbebeneficialfortheirhealth.3.(2026届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三3月考试)WhatimpressesthescholarsmostisZou’sfour-pieceset,withone________(collect)bytheBritishMuseum.4.(2026届福建恒一教育集团高三毕业班四月质量检测)Thefestivalisnotmerelyanendpointbutratherastartingpointforsustaineddevelopment,thetargetofwhichis________(continue)buildingandstrengtheningtheculturalbrand,5.(2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)Opportunitiesforasymmetrical(不对称)relationshipshasmushroomedintheinterneteraoverthepastfewyears,withsocialmediaandnowartificialintelligence________(take)aniche(小众的)academictermintothemainstream.6.(2025-2026陕西西安思源中学第二学期4月质检)Itprovidestheaudiencewithmorechoicesandfun,allowingthem________(take)advantageoftheirfragmentary(碎片的)time.时间：10分钟满分：20分得分：_______一.单项选择1.It’simportant________Englishwellifyouwanttocommunicatewithforeigners.A.learn B.tolearn C.learning D.learned2.Mybrotherlikes________basketballafterschool,buttodayhewants________footballwithhisclassmates.A.play;toplay B.playing;play C.playing;toplay D.toplay;playing3.Theteacherwarnedus________________noiseinthereadingroom.A.notmake;toomuch B.nottomake;toomuchC.nottomake;muchtoo D.notmake;muchtoo4.Heisoftenlistenedto________Englishsongs,butthistimewehadhim________aRussiansong.A.tosing,sing B.tosing,tosing C.sing,tosing D.sing,sing5.________tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday’schildrenwillneedforthefuture.A.Learn B.Learned C.Learning D.Havinglearned6.Whatworriedthechildmostwas________tovisithisbrotherinhospital.A.hisnotbeingallowed B.hisnotallowingC.hisbeingnotallowed D.havingnotbeenallowed7.________themeetinghimselfgavethepublicagreatdealofencouragement,instantlyboostingthestockmarket.A.Thepresidentattending B.ThepresidenthadattendC.Thepresidentattended D.Thepresident’sattending8.Wenoticedalittlegirl________aloneatthebusstopwhenwewenthomeyesterday.A.wait B.waiting C.towait D.waited9.Afterthecountrywonindependence,greatemphasiswaslaidonexpandingeducation,withgirlsaswellasboys________togotoschool.A.tobeencouraged B.havingbeenencouragedC.encouraged D.encouraging10.Withthesituation________urgent,theexpertadvocatesthatthegovernment________moreongreenenergy.A.becoming;invests B.becomes;investC.becoming;invest D.became;shouldinvest二.单句语法填空1.Yearslater,accordingtoaccountsfromlocalherders,Green,nowapackleader,wasseen________(return)there