2026年高考英语终极冲刺：清单04 非谓语动词（定语、状语）（二）（抢分清单）（原卷版）

清单04非谓语动词(定语,状语)(二)专题01非谓语动词作定语一.不定式作定语(todo,tobedone)1.当中心词为序数词、最高级，thelast，theonly等或中心词被这类词修饰，且该中心词是作定语的非谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者时，多用不定式作定语。2.被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。Heisalwaysthefirsttoarriveattheschoolandthelasttoleavetheschool.他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。Theabilitytoexpressanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。【温馨提示】在作定语的动词不定式中,如果其中的动词是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词。但是如果被不定式修饰的名词为place,time,way等,不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省去。Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?请你给我一些能写的纸张吗？Theshoppingmallisagoodplacetogo.购物中心是一个好的去处。二.分词作定语(doing,beingdone,done)动词-ing形式作定语(doing,beingdone)及物动词作后置定语，当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时，用“being＋过去分词”。不及物动词作定语，表示动作正在进行。动词-ed形式作定语(done)及物动词作后置定语，当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成或状态时，用过去分词。过去分词只表示一个动作已完成，不表被动。Theparkwasfullofpeopleenjoyingthemselvesinthesunshine.公园里人山人海，人们在阳光下玩得很快乐。(主动)Wemustkeepasecretofthethingsbeingdiscussedhere.我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。(被动、正在进行)Theplayersselectedfromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.人们期待着从全国各地挑选出来的运动员能在今年夏季的赛事中给我们带来荣誉。(被动、完成)【易混辨析】不及物动词的分词形式作定语fallingleaves正在下落的叶子(表正在进行)fallenleaves落叶(表完成)动名词作定语(说明被修饰词的用途或目的)awalkingstick拐杖areadingroom阅览室asleepingcar卧铺车1.(2026天津高考第二次)EngineersintheUKaregoingtobuildanewsatellite________totracksolarstorms.A.designed B.designing C.todesign D.havingdesigned2.(2024天津高考第一次)Fromthefirstexplorerstotoday'stravelers,humanshavealwayshadadesire________newplaces.A.todiscover B.tobediscoveringC.tobediscovered D.tohavediscovered3.(2023天津高考第二次)ThePalaceMuseumhasthemostremarkablecollectionoffineclocksintheworld,mainly________fromEuropeandChina.A.originating B.originatedC.beingoriginated D.havingoriginated4.(2023天津高考第一次)Thehero’stouchingstory________onlinehasdrawnthousandsof“likes”andhundredsofcommentsfromthepublic.A.posting B.topostC.posted D.tobeposted5.(2025新高考II卷)Growingup,myfamilyandourneighborsneverusedclotheslinestodryclothing,denyingmethechance________(discover)oneofthegreatwondersofsunshine—thesweet“sunshinescent”aftersunningclothesforanentireday.6.(2025新高考II卷)Ifyou’veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinescent”fromasheetorshirt________(leave)tosunforaday,well,you’remissingoutononeoflife’swonders.专题02非谓语动词作状语一.不定式作状语目的状语为了……，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加inorder或soas，但soasto不能用于句首。结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，常用于下列结构：onlyto(不料……)、enoughto(足够……)、too...to...(太……而不能……)、so/such...asto...(如此……以至于……)等。原因状语常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋todo”结构中。常用于这类结构的形容词和过去分词有sorry，surprised，disappointed，excited，glad，happy，anxious，delighted，pleased，foolish等。【温馨提示】形容词如easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous等，表示主语的特征或性质，后面也常用不定式作状语，不定式和句子主语之间存在被动关系，用主动形式表示被动意义。Themorningairissogoodtobreathethathegetsupearlyeveryday.早上的空气呼吸起来很清新，因此他每天都起得很早。二.分词作状语时间状语相当于when，while，before，since，as引导的时间状语从句；原因状语相当于because，since，as引导的原因状语从句；条件状语相当于if，unless等引导的条件状语从句；结果状语常用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，分词前可接thus；方式或伴随状语表示一个同时发生的次要的(或者伴随的)动作，常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开，相当于并列句；让步状语相当于though，although，evenif等引导的让步状语从句。【易混辨析】动词不定式和动词-ing作结果状语动词不定式表示意想不到的结果。动词-ing表示自然而然的结果。Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.【温馨提示】某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如：lost(迷路的)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(隐瞒的)、lost/absorbed(沉迷于……的)、dressed(穿着……的)、tired(对……感到厌倦的)、excited(兴奋的)等。Absorbedinhisbook，hedidn’tnoticemeentertheroom.专心于读书，他没注意到我进入房间。Dressedinred，shelooksmorebeautiful.穿着红色的衣服，她看上去更漂亮了。三.独立主格独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系；表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。Muchworktodotonight(＝Astherewillbemuchworktodotonight)，wecan’tgotoseethefilm.今晚有很多活要干，我们不能去看电影。Weatherpermitting(＝Ifweatherpermits)，theywillgoonanoutingtothebeachtomorrow.如果天气允许的话，他们明天将去海滩郊游。Hewaslyingonthegrass，hishandscrossedunderhishead(＝andhishandswerecrossedunderhishead).他头枕着交叉的双手躺在草地上。附录：1.独立成分作状语独立成分含义generallyspeaking一般来说frankly/honestlyspeaking坦白地/老实说judgingfrom/by...根据……来判断considering.../oconsideration/account考虑到……totellyouthetruth说实话seeing...考虑到……given...考虑到……comparedto/with...与……相比1.(2025天津高考第一次)________theaudience,thespeakerpreparedadetailedandengagingpresentation.A.Impressing B.Toimpress C.Beingimpressed D.Impressed2.(2024天津高考第一次)Theorganizershadtocanceltheoutdoorconcertduetothesuddenthunderstorm,________manyeagerfanswhohadbeenwaitingforhours.A.disappointing B.todisappointC.havingdisappointed D.disappointed3.(2024天津高考第一次)Coffeemaycausesleepdisturbance,especiallywhen________inlargeamountsorafter2pm.A.consumed B.beingconsumed C.consuming D.havingconsumed4.(2023天津高考第二次)________severaladjustmentstothedesignfortwomonths,theengineereventuallysucceededinbuildingahighlyefficientsystem.A.Trying B.TriedC.Havingtried D.Havingbeentried5.(2025天津高考第一次)________backtothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasovertwohundredyearsofhistory.A.Dating B.BeingdatedC.Todate D.Tobedated6.(2025北京高考)When________(travel),weengagewithculturesandexperiences.7.(2024北京高考)Justthen,somekidsranathim,________(knock)hisbooksoutofhisarms.8.(2024浙江1月高考)However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextra________(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.附录：非谓语动词的形式与功能种类形式主动被动主语宾语宾补表语定语状语不定式一般式todotobedone√√√√√√进行式tobedoing×完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone动名词一般式doingbeingdone√√×√√×完成式havingdonehavingbeendone分词现在分词一般式doingbeingdone××√√√√完成式havingdonehavingbeendone过去分词一般式done(vi.)表完成done(vt.)表被动与完成××√√√√确定谓语动词与非谓语动词一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词，则填谓语动词；谓语动词要考虑时态，语态和主谓一致等。如果在句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词(并列连词或者从属连词)的时候，则所给动词一定要用非谓语动词形式。非谓语动词形式需要确定是现在分词形式，过去分词形式，不定式形式还是动名词形式。2.确定形式主语与提示词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，用doing,主语与提示词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，用done;,3.确定时态表示将来的动作：todo/tobedone;表示正在发生的动作：doing/beingdone;表示完成的动作：done/havingdone/havingbeendone.时间：10分钟满分：20分得分：_______一.单项选择1.(2026届天津市东丽区高三质量调研试卷)Manygymsnowallowmemberstobookonline________theirwaitingtime.A.save B.saving C.tosave D.saved2.(2026届天津蓟州区上仓中学高考模拟)—Myelectricbikewasstolenlastnight.—I’msorrytohearthat,butyouaresilly________itoutside.A.toleave B.tohaveleft C.leaving D.havingleft3.(2026届天津南开中学高三年级下学期第四次质量检测)Despitemy________legs,ourhikingtripwasrewarding,formountingthetopallowedustotakephotos________.A.ached;toourheart’scontent B.aching;toourheart’scontentC.ached;inourheart’scontent D.aching;inourheart’scontent4.(2026届天津市耀华中学高三上学期月考)Ourspecialthanksgotothousandsofvolunteers________theirpastdecadestopreservingendangeredspeciesfromextinction.A.devoted B.havingbeendevoted C.devoting D.todevote5.(2026届天津市武清区天和城实验中学高三上学期1月月考)Thereisaterriblethunder________thesuddenlightning.A.followed B.followedby C.following D.followingby6.(2026届天津市三校联考第二学期高三模拟)________

large-scaleexperiments,scientistsareexploringnewsourcesofrenewableenergy.A.Conducted B.Tobeconducted C.Conducting D.Conduct7.(2026届天津市第四十七中学高三年级第二学期考前测试)Inrecentyears,thegovernmenthasaccelerateditsspeedtoboostthegrowthofthedigitaleconomy,________theInternetPluspolicytodeepenthecombinationoftheInternetwitheconomicandsocialsectors.A.tointroduce B.havingintroduced C.introducing D.introduced8.(2026届天津市河西区第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查)________nearlyallhersparetimetocommunityserviceduringhighschool,LiLeifeltadeepsenseoffulfillmentwhenshereceivedthevolunteeraward.A.Devoting B.Devoted C.Havingdevoted D.Todevote9.(2026届天津市静海区第一中学第二学期第一次适应性检测)________uponhisyearsofexperienceinthebusiness,ZhangYong,Alibaba’snewCEO,cameupwithanovelideaforincreasingsales.A.Todraw B.Beingdrawn C.Drawing D.Drawn10.(2026届天津南开中学高三年级下学期第四次质量检测)Whentheministercamein,thetwocheatersweresittingbeforetheweaver(编织工),________busily.A.pretendingworking B.pretendingtobeworkingC.pretendedhavingworked D.pretendedtohaveworked二.单句语法填空1.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)Therhythmiccallsoffree-rangechickensprovidedbackgroundmusicforourshoot,________(occasion)interruptedbythedistantlaughterofvillagers________(pass)alongthepaths.2.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)Researchindicatesthatgovernmentinitiatives________(reshape)earlyeducationandurbandesignmustbeconsistentlyappliedoverthenext25years.Once________(establish),thisconnectioncanbecomeself-sustaining.3.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)Richardsonsaidthatwhenhetestedpolicyandurbanenvironmentalchangesinthemodel,hewassurprisedatthescaleofthechanges________(require)torestoretheconnectiontonature.4.(2026届河南鹤壁市高中上学期规范化考试)Theresearchgroupproducedtworeports________(base)onthesurvey.5.(2026届河北石家庄市裕华区石家庄精英中学第二学期第一次调研)Thenewsocialmediatrendcentersonacomfort-drivenlifestyle________(ground)inTraditionalChineseMedicinephilosophy.6.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)When________(face)withadversity,itisresiliencethathelpsusbounceback.7.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)Coursesvaryindifficultyandgroundconditions,________(allow)runnerstochoosebetweenflatterroutesand________(demanding)ones.Withmultipledistanceoptionsavailable,participantscanchoose________(base)ontheirexperiencelevelsandpersonalgoals.8.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学月考)________(launch)in2020asafollow-upto2000-2003survey,thissurveycoveredover12sqkm.9.(2026届河南鹤壁市高中英语学科月考)________(trap)inthefreezingwater,Kianaknewtheonlyeffectiveplanwastogettoshoreherselfandfindhelp.10.(2026届河南鹤壁市高中英语学科月考)Inmytwenties,Ithrew________intocitylife:________(sample)Mediterraneanrestaurants,navigatingaroundontheTube,andstayingoutlatewithfriends.时间：10分钟满分：20分得分：_______一.单项选择1.Thecommunitygardenproject,________byagroupofenthusiasticvolunteerslastspring,hasnowblossomedintoavibrantgreenspaceenjoyedbyallresidents.A.launched B.launching C.havinglaunched D.tolaunch2.AnnieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse________toguardher.A.toappoint B.havingappointed C.appointed D.appointing3.Theletter________totheheadmasteryesterdaywillprobablygetareplywithinaweek.A.composing B.tocompose C.composed D.tobecomposed4.________withboys,girlsusuallyusetheInternettodotheirlessons,listentomusicorbuythingstheyneed.A.Compared B.Comparing C.Tocompare D.Beingcompared5.________withexcitement,thechildrenrantowardtheamusementparkassoonasthegateswereopened.A.Filling B.Filled C.Tofill D.Havingfilled6.________bytheinspiringspeech,manystudentsdecidedtotakepartintheschool’sspeechcontest.A.Motivated B.Motivating C.Tomotivate D.Motivate7.Thelatestsurvey,________bytheforeigncompany,foundthatmorethan12%teenagerswantedtoworkaspilots.A.tobeconducted B.conducted C.beingconducted D.havingconducted8.Readingmaterials________forchildrenenteredschoolstohelpthemdevelopthehabitoffinancialmanagementatayoungage.A.havingintended B.intendedC.intending D.havingbeenintended9.After________bytheheavydeluge,Henanprovincesufferedfromseriousdamagestoitsscenicspots,manytourists________inthedisasterregion.A.beingstruck,weretrapped B.struck,havingbeentrappedC.beingstruck,trapped D.havingbeenstruck;weretrapped10.Hestoodatthewindow,hiseyes________ontheheavyrainpouringdownoutsideforhours.A.having

fixed B.tofix C.fixed D.fixing二.单句语法填空1.We’llspendroughlytwohoursclimbingthemountain,________(admire)thebreathtakingsceneryandtakingphotosalltheway.2.________(stretch)250kilometers