Unit4HistoryandTraditionsVocabulary课件高中英语人教版

UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS重点词汇Confuciusn.孔子Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?

Learningwithoutthoughtislabourlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous.WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,theymayservemeasmyteachers.Iwillselecttheirgoodqualitiesandfollowthem,theirbadqualitiesandavoidthem.

学而时习之，不亦说乎学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。重点词汇mansionn.公馆/宅第cemeteryn.墓地;公墓（区域）tombn.坟墓（建筑）graven.坟墓

（坑）重点词汇philosophyn.哲学philosophy=philo(爱)+sophy(智慧)对智慧的热爱与追求=哲学philosopher

n.

哲学家philosophicaladj.哲学的；处乱不惊的descendantn.后裔，后代，子孙descendant=de-(向下)+scend(爬;攀)+-ant(表示人或物)重点词汇individualadj.单独的；个别的

n.<C>个人individual

=

in-

(不；否定)+

divid

(分开)+

-ual

(形容词/名词后缀)“不能分开的”→“单独的，个别的”heeln.足跟，后跟Achilles’heel(喻)(希腊神话)Achilles是海洋女神和英雄之子，他出生后，海洋女神为了让他刀枪不入，将其倒提着浸在冥河水中，但因为捏住了他的脚踵，所以这个部位没有被冥河水浸泡到。因此，脚踵成为了他唯一的弱点。在特洛伊战争中，阿喀琉斯因这个弱点被特洛伊王子射中的脚踝，因而牺牲。后来，“Achilles’heel”被用来比喻任何强大人物或事物身上的唯一薄弱之处或致命的弱点。重点词汇kingdomn.王国，领域-dom一种“状态”或“领域”freedom

wisdom

officialdom

stardom

自由智慧官场明星地位重点词汇chiefadj.最重要的;最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长(复数:chiefs)thechiefproblem主要问题thechiefcause/reason主要原因重点词汇puzzle

n.谜；智力游戏；疑问；难题

vt.

(使)迷惑；(使)困惑puzzled

adj.感到迷惑的puzzling

adj.令人迷惑的puzzlement

n.迷惑；困惑beapuzzletosb

…对某人来说是个谜重点词汇nearbyadj.附近的adv.在附近e.g.Wehavethreesonsbutnoneofthemlives/livenearby.e.g.Theriverburstitsbanks(决堤)andfloodednearbytowns.advadj重点词汇join...to...把…和…连接或联结起来e.g.Thenearbycountrywasjoinedtothekingdom.“参加”：join+sb/组织joinin+活动重点词汇（导与练P68）1.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱;挣脱归纳拓展breakout(战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发breakinto强行闯入;破门而入breakin打断;插话;强行进入;破门而入breakup打碎;分裂;解体;结束;(关系等)破裂breakdown垮掉;出故障;情不自禁地哭起来

从介词角度区分breakin与breakintointo的核心逻辑：进入的内部过程含义：

表示从外部到内部的运动过程或方向的转变in的核心逻辑：在内部的静止状态含义：

表示在某个空间或范围内部的位置或状态[语境运用]句子语法填空/用break的相关短语完成语段❶Nooneknowsforsurethereasonwhytheband（乐队）broke

.

❷You’llbreak

ifyoualwaysstayuplate.

❸Thoughsad,hewasdetermined（决心的）tobreakaway

thepastandstartanewchapterinhislife.

updownfrom❹Hebroke

inarudemanner,“Whatonearthdoyoumean?”,whichastonishedus.

❺Lastnight,afire

inhishouse.Fortunately,thefirefighterscametotherescueinnotime.They

thehouseandsavedhisgrandparents.Whenseeingthemoutofdanger,he

andwept.

inbrokeoutbrokeintobrokedown2.belongvi.应在(某处);适应;属于,为……的一员·belongingn.归属感·belongingsn.所有物;财产重点词汇（导与练P68）归纳拓展·belongto属于·asenseofbelonging归属感personalbelongings个人财物,私人用品belongto意为“属于”,没有被动形式,也不用于完成时和进行时。后面要接人称代词宾格或名词作宾语。作非谓语时用动词-ing形式(belongingto)。[语境运用]句子语法填空/一句多译❶(应用文写作之演讲稿)Keepinmindthattheworldbelongs

theyounggenerationwholovesitanddecidestomakeitbetter.

to3.aswellas同(一样也);和;还重点词汇（导与练P69）归纳拓展·aswellas相当于inadditionto,是一个连词结构,通常连接两个词性、结构对等的词或短语。当连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数和第一个主语保持一致（就远原则）。·aswell表示“也”,相当于too,常放在句子末尾,作为副词短语使用。[语境运用]句子语法填空/句型转换❶Aswellas

(have)difficultyadaptingherselftothenewschoollife,shefoundtheculturedifferencewasanotherchallengeforher.

❷Ourheadteacheraswellasfivestudentrepresentatives(invite)todeliveraspeechatyesterday’scoming-of-ageceremony.

havingwasinvitedcurrencyn.通货，货币currentadj.当前的，现在的，流通的n.水流，电流，气流，趋势militaryadj.军事的;军用的军训militarytraining4.defencen.防御;保卫(=defense)·defend

vt.防守;保护;保卫;辩护;维护·defensive

adj.防御的重点词汇（导与练P69）归纳拓展·indefenceof为……辩护insb’sdefence为某人辩护·defend...from/against...保护……不受……;保卫……防御……defendoneself自行辩护[语境运用]句子语法填空/完成句子❶Allthepolicemenhavebeentrainedtodefendthemselves

thesuddenattacks(袭击).

❷(读后续写之动作描写)Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhandsasifin

(defend).

❹Firstofall,childrenneedtoknowhow

(自我保护)andhowtoestablishrelationshipsinagroup.

from/againstdefence/defensetodefendthemselveslegaladj.法律的，合法的______adv.______adj.非法的，违法的______adv.legallyillegalillegally5.surroundvt.围绕;包围·surroundingadj.周围的;附近的·surroundings

n.环境;周围的事物重点词汇（导与练P70）归纳拓展surround...with...用……包围……besurroundedwith/by...被……包围/环绕[语境运用]句子语法填空/句式升级❶(应用文写作之建议信)Ifyou’reseriousaboutwantingtoliveahealthylifestyle,it’sextremelyimportanttosurroundyourself

peoplewho’llprovideyouwiththeproperemotionalsupport.

(情感支持）with❷(读后续写之环境描写)The

(surround)villagesarebathedinfascinatingmoonlight,whichalmosttakesourbreathaway.

❸Asmallvillageissurroundedbygreentreesanditislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.→

,asmallvillageislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.(用非谓语动词升级)

surroundingSurroundedbygreentrees❷(读后续写之环境描写)The

(surround)villagesarebathedin(沐浴在)

fascinatingmoonlight,whichalmosttakesourbreathaway.

❸Asmallvillageissurroundedbygreentreesanditislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.→

,asmallvillageislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.(用非谓语动词升级)

surroundingSurroundedbygreentreesevidencen.证据;证明Thereissomeevidencethat…有证据证明…evidentadj.明显的，显而易见的________adv.evidentlylocationn.地方;地点;位置locatev.使位于;确定准确地点belocatedin/at/to…:位于;坐落在conquervt.占领，征服，克服（精神上）TheRomansconqueredmanypartsofEurope.罗马人征服了欧洲的大部分地区。Theonlywaytoconquerafearistofaceit.克服恐惧的唯一方式是正视恐惧。conquestn.征服（行为或事件）conquerorn.征服者battlen.战役;搏斗v.搏斗;奋斗battle与war的区别，war的规模更大，一场war可能包括很多battlebattlewarportn.港口(城市)passportn._________exportv/n.________importv/n.________transportv/n.护照出口进口交通运输fascinatingadj.迷人的，及有吸引力的fascinatev.（使）着迷fascinatedadj.被迷住的befascinatedby对……着迷fascinationn.着迷，迷恋，吸引力keepyoureyesopen(for)留心，留意…

小心，留意：_______________________________________

watchoutbecareful6.chargen.收费;指控;主管

vt.收费;控告;充电重点词汇（导与练P70）归纳拓展·inchargeof主管;负责;掌管inthechargeof=inone’scharge由……负责/掌管takechargeof负责;掌管;接管

freeofcharge(=forfree)免费·getcharged充电charge(sb)for(doing)sth因(做)某事而(向某人)收费chargesbwith(doing)sth控告某人犯某罪;指责某人(做)某事for的核心逻辑：目的、交换、因为在chargefor中：

因为对方获得了服务/商品，所以要收钱作为交换。with的核心逻辑：伴随、携带、工具在chargewith中：

把罪名“附着/携带”到某人身上，即指控。[语境运用]句子语法填空/完成句子❶Heforgottogethiselectricbicycle

(charge)lastnight.

❷(读后续写之心理描写)Whatmovedhimmostwasthatacompletestrangerchargedhim

nothingwhenheranoutofmoneyontheway.

❸Wehaveenoughevidencetochargeyou

tellingalie.

chargedforwith7.announcevt.宣布;通知;声称·announcement

n.宣布;宣告·announcer

n.广播员;播音员重点词汇（导与练P71）归纳拓展·announcesthtosb向某人宣告某事Itisannouncedthat...据宣布……·makeanannouncement宣布[语境运用]句子语法填空/完成句子❶Nowthatallofyouarehere,Ihavean

(announce)tomake.

❷It

(announce)thatwewillhaveathree-dayoff.

❸老师向学生们宣布下周将举行英语竞赛。

therewouldbeanEnglishcontestnextweek.

announcementisannounced/hasbeenannouncedTheteacherannounced/madeanannouncementtothestudentsthatamountn.金额;数量inlarge/smallamount大量地/少量地gallaryn.展览馆；画廊8.approachn.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理

vi.靠近·approachable

adj.平易近人的重点词汇（导与练P71）归纳拓展anapprochto(doing)sth（做）某事的方式/方法attheapproachof...快到......的时候with+宾语+approaching=as+宾语+approaches/approachedTheteacherIadmiremostisMrLi,ourmathsteacher,whohasauniqueapproach

makinghisclasslivelyandinteresting.

theapproachoftheSpringFestival,wecouldhardlycontainourinnerexcitement.toAtensurevt.保证；确保；担保en-+rich(富的)=enrichen-+able(能的)=enableen-+large(大的)=enlargeen-+courage(勇气)=encourageen-+danger(危险)=endanger使富裕；使丰富使能够扩大鼓励使危险landscapen.(陆上/乡村的)风景landmarklandslidelandfall地标崩塌崩塌generousadj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的generosityn.generouslyadv.buttuern.黄油；奶油vt.涂黄油于honeyn.蜂蜜ancestorn.祖先;祖宗courtyardn.庭院；院子

positionn.位置；姿态；职位v.安装；安置snackn.小吃重点词汇(P77)1.eageradj.热切的;渴望的·eagerly

adv.热切地;渴望地·eagerness

n.热切;渴望归纳拓展·beeagertodosth渴望做某事beeagerforsth渴望得到某物beeagerthat...热切希望……·witheagerness热切地;急切地[语境运用]句子语法填空❶Bobwaseager

achancetolearntraditionalChinesepainting,sohewaseager

(join)theexchangeprogramme.

❷Nowthattheyhavemadegreatachievements,theyarelookingforwardtothecelebration

(eager).

❸Whenaskedwhetherhewantedagiftforhisbirthday,theboycouldn’thidehis

(eager).

fortojoineagerlyeagernesspoetn.诗人poemn.诗;诗歌(可数名词)poetryn.诗集;诗歌;诗作(不可n)feastn.盛宴;宴会;节日(宗教节日)f