2025年5月雅思考试回忆

2025年5月雅思考试回忆听力部分Section1场景：咨询关于加入社区健身俱乐部的事宜形式：填空题完整对话内容：Clerk:Goodmorning,GreenValleyFitnessClub.HowcanIhelpyou?Man:Hi,Isawyouradvertisementinthelocalnewspaper,andI'minterestedinjoining.Couldyougivemesomedetails?Clerk:Certainly.Wehaveafewdifferentmembershipoptions.Areyoujoiningforyourselforforafamily?Man:Justformyself,please.MynameisJasonSmith.Clerk:Okay,Jason.CanIhaveyourpostcode?Man:Yes,it'sGH129KP.Clerk:Thanks.Andwhatisyourcurrentoccupation?Weaskforstatisticspurposes.Man:Iworkasachef.Clerk:Great.Now,wehaveaspecialofferthismonth.IfyousignupfortheGoldmembership,yougetaccesstothepoolandsauna,plusallclasses.Thefeeisusually£55amonth,butit'sreducedto£45.50.Man:Thatsoundsreasonable.Doesthatincludetheinductionsession?Clerk:Yes,theinductionisfreeforGoldmembers.Itusuallytakesaboutanhour.Wehaveslotsavailableat5:30pmonweekdaysor10:00amonSaturdays.Man:Iworklateevenings,soSaturdaymorningwouldbebetter.The10thofthismonth,ifpossible.Clerk:Letmecheck...Yes,wehaveanopeningat10:00amonSaturday,the10th.You'llneedtobringatowelandawaterbottle.Weprovidethelockforthelocker.Man:DoIneedtobringanyID?Clerk:Yes,pleasebringyourpassportordrivinglicense.Also,ifyouhaveanymedicalconditions,likeheartproblemsorasthma,weneedanotefromyourdoctor.Man:Ihavemildasthma.I'llbringanote.Clerk:Perfect.Lastly,howdidyouhearaboutus?Man:Fromafriend,actually.Sherecommendedit.Clerk:Oh,what'shername?Wehaveareferralscheme.Man:SarahJenkins.Clerk:Okay,I'venotedthatdown.You'reallsetforthe10th.题目及答案：1.Postcode:GH129KP2.Occupation:chef3.Specialofferprice:£45.504.Preferredinductiontime:Saturday(or10:00am)5.Dateofinduction:10th(orMay10th)6.Whattobring:waterbottle7.Medicalcondition:asthma8.Referrer'sname:SarahJenkinsSection2场景：介绍当地的一个新生态公园形式：选择题及地图题独白内容：WelcomeeveryonetotheopeningoftheRiversideEco-Park.I'mtheparkmanager,andI'dliketogiveyouabrieftourandexplainsomeofourkeyfeatures.Asyouenterthroughthemaingate,whichistothenorthofthepark,youwillseetheVisitorCentredirectlyinfrontofyou.Thisiswhereyoucanpickupmaps,buyticketsfortheboattours,andgrabacoffee.IfyoulooktotherightoftheVisitorCentre,ortheeastside,you'llfindtheRoseGarden.It'sinfullbloomrightnowandsmellswonderful.JustbehindtheRoseGarden,furthertotheeast,istheBirdSanctuary.We'verecordedover50speciesofbirdstherethismonth.TotheleftoftheVisitorCentre,onthewestside,wehavetheChildren'sPlayground.It'smadeentirelyfromrecycledmaterials.Furtherwest,pasttheplayground,isthePicnicArea.Ithasplentyofbenchesandtablesoverlookingtheriver.Now,regardingthepark'shistory.Thelandwaspreviouslyanindustrialsite,abandonedfortwentyyears.Therenovationprojectcost2.5millionpounds,fundedbythecouncilandaprivategrant.Oneofourmaingoalsissustainability.ThesolarpanelsontheVisitorCentreroofgenerate80%ofthepark'selectricity.Wealsocollectrainwaterforwateringtheplants.Foractivities,weofferguidednaturewalkseverymorningat9am.Theyarefreeformembers.Intheevenings,wehaveoutdoorcinemascreeningsonFridays.However,pleasenotethatdogsarenotallowedintheRoseGardenortheBirdSanctuary,buttheyarepermittedinthePicnicAreaifkeptonaleash.题目及答案：9.TheVisitorCentreislocated:B(inthemiddleoftheparkcorrespondingtothemap)10.TheRoseGardenissituatedtothe:C(eastofthecentre)11.TheBirdSanctuarycanbefound:F(bottomrightcornerofthemap)12.TheChildren'sPlaygroundis:A(westofthecentre)13.ThePicnicAreaislocated:D(bottomleftcorner,neartheriver)14.Thetotalcostoftherenovationprojectwas:B(£2.5million)15.Thepark'selectricityismainlygeneratedby:A(solarpanels)16.Whatistrueaboutthenaturewalks?C(Theystartat9am)17.Whichstatementaboutparkrulesiscorrect?B(DogsareallowedinthePicnicArea)Section3场景：两个学生讨论关于“城市热岛效应”的研究项目形式：配对题及选择题对话内容：Anna:Hi,Tom.Haveyoustartedworkingonoururbanheatislandprojectyet?Tom:Yes,I'vebeendoingsomereading.It'sfascinatinghowcitiesaresignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralareas.Anna:Definitely.IthinkweshouldfocusourcasestudyonLondon.Thedataisreadilyavailable.Tom:Londonisagoodchoice,butmaybetoobroad?Whatifwejustlookedatthedifferencesbetweenthecitycenterandthesuburbs?Anna:Thatsoundsmoremanageable.Weneedtodecideonourmethodology.Arewegoingtousesatellitedataorground-leveltemperaturereadings?Tom:Satellitedatamightbeeasiertoget,butground-levelreadingsaremoreaccurateforwhatpeopleactuallyfeel.Ifoundawebsitewherelocalweatherstationsuploadtheirdata.Anna:That'sperfect.WecandownloadthedatafromlastJulyandAugust.Thatwasthehottestsummeronrecord.Tom:Right.Weshouldalsolookatthecorrelationbetweengreenspacesandtemperature.Parksusuallyactascoolspots.Anna:Yes.Icancreateamapoverlayingtemperatureandvegetationdensity.Tom:I'llhandlethestatisticalanalysis.I'mthinkingofusingaregressionmodeltoseehowmuchgreenspacereducesthetemperature.Anna:Good.Wealsoneedtoconsidermaterials.Asphaltandconcreteabsorbalotofheat.Tom:True.Maybewecancompareabusyroadwithapark.Thedifferenceshouldbestark.Anna:Don'tforgetthepresentation.Dr.Millerwantsustoincludevisualaids.Tom:I'llmakesomegraphs.Youcandotheslides.Anna:Howlongdowehave?15minutes?Tom:Yes,plus5minutesforquestions.Weshouldkeepitconcise.题目及答案：18.WhatdoesTomsayaboutthe"UrbanHeatIsland"effect?B(Itmakescitieswarmerthanthecountryside)19.WhydoesAnnasuggestfocusingonLondon?A(Dataiseasilyaccessible)20.WhatconcerndoesTomhaveaboutfocusingonLondon?C(Itmightbetoolargeascale)21.WhydoesTompreferground-levelreadings?B(Theyreflecttheactualexperienceofresidents)22.Whatdatawilltheyuse?C(TemperaturereadingsfromJulyandAugust)23.WhatwillAnna'smapshow?A(Therelationshipbetweentemperatureandgreenspaces)24.WhatstatisticalmethodwillTomuse?B(Regressionanalysis)25.Whatmaterialscontributetotheheatislandeffect?A(Asphaltandconcrete)26.Whatwillthepresentationinclude?B(Visualaidslikegraphsandslides)Section4场景：学术讲座：琥珀的历史与科学形式：句子填空讲座内容：Goodmorning.TodaywearegoingtotalkaboutAmber.Amberisnotamineral,asmanypeoplethink,butactuallyfossilizedtreeresin.Forittobecomeamber,theresinmustbehardenedovermillionsofyearsthroughaprocessofpolymerization.ThemostfamousamberdepositsarefoundintheBalticregion,particularlyalongthecoastofRussiaandPoland.Balticamberisquitedistinct;itcontainshighlevelsofsuccinicacid,whichiswhyitisoftencalledsuccinite.WhenyouholdapieceofBalticamberinawarmhand,itoftenhasadistinctpine-likesmell.Oneofthemostcaptivatingaspectsofamberisitsabilitytopreserveancientlifeforms.Insects,smallreptiles,andevenplantmattercangettrappedinthestickyresin.Astheresinhardens,theseinclusionsareperfectlypreserved,providingasnapshotofprehistoricecosystems.Scientistshavefoundants,spiders,andevensmalllizardsinamber.TheoldestknownambercontaininginsectsdatesbacktotheCretaceousperiod,over100millionyearsago.Amberhasbeenusedbyhumansforthousandsofyears.Earlyhumansuseditfortoolsanddecoration.InancientRome,amberwasmorevaluablethanaslave.Itwasbelievedtohavemedicinalproperties.Peopleworeamberbeadstotreatheadachesorarthritis.InChina,amberwascarvedintointricateartisticpieces,oftenrepresentinganimalsormythicalcreatures.Fromascientificperspective,amberisatimecapsule.Byanalyzingtheairbubblestrappedinside,scientistscandeterminethecompositionoftheancientatmosphere.Thishasprovidedcrucialdataaboutclimatechangeinthedistantpast.DNAextractionfromtheinsectsinsideamberhasalsobeenattempted,famouslypopularizedbythemovie"JurassicPark,"althoughinreality,DNAdegradestoomuchtobeviableaftersuchalongtime.题目及答案：27.Amberisformedfromfossilizedtreeresin.28.Balticambercontainsasubstancecalledsuccinicacid.29.Ambercanpreserveinsectsandothersmallcreatures.30.TheoldestamberwithinsectsdatesbacktotheCretaceousperiod.31.InancientRome,amberwasconsideredmorevaluablethanaslave.32.Historically,amberwasworntotreatheadaches.33.Airbubblesinsideamberrevealinformationabouttheancientatmosphere.34.ScientistshavetriedtoextractDNAfromamberinclusions.35.Theideaofcloningdinosaursfromamberislargelyfiction(orimpossibleduetodegradation).阅读部分Passage1题目：TheResilienceoftheWaterBear主题：缓步动物（水熊虫）的极端环境生存能力文章内容：Tardigrades,commonlyknownaswaterbearsormosspiglets,aremicroscopiceight-leggedanimalsthathavefascinatedscientistsforcenturies.Firstdiscoveredin1773bytheGermanzoologistJohannAugustEphraimGoeze,theywerenamed"Tardigrada"(meaning"slowstepper")threeyearslaterbyLazzaroSpallanzani.Thesetinycreatures,usuallymeasuringbetween0.1mmand1.5mminlength,arerenownedfortheirabilitytosurviveinconditionsthatwouldbelethaltoalmostallotherformsoflife.WaterbearscanbefoundinalmosteveryenvironmentonEarth,fromthedeepseatothehighestmountainpeaks,andfromthepolaricecapstothetropicalrainforests.Theyaremostcommonlyfoundindampenvironmentssuchasmosses,lichens,leaflitter,andfreshwatersediments.Despitetheirubiquity,theirsmallsizemeanstheyarerarelynoticedbythecasualobserver.Themostremarkablefeatureoftardigradesistheircryptobiosis.Whenenvironmentalconditionsbecomehostile—suchasextremedehydration,freezingtemperatures,orhighradiationlevels—atardigradecanenterastateofsuspendedanimationknownasa"tun."Inthisstate,itsmetabolismslowsdowntolessthan0.01%ofnormal,anditswatercontentcandroptoaslowas1%ofitsnormalbodyweight.Inthetunstate,tardigradescanwithstandtemperaturesaslowas-272°C(closetoabsolutezero)andashighas150°C.Theycansurvivepressuresgreaterthanthosefoundinthedeepestoceantrenchesandcantolerateradiationlevelshundredsoftimeshigherthanthelethaldoseforhumans.In2007,ateamofEuropeanscientistssentagroupoftardigradesintolowEarthorbitfor12days.Upontheirreturn,manyofthetardigradessurvivedthevacuumandintenseUVradiationofspace,makingthemthefirstknownanimaltosurvivetheharshconditionsofspacewithoutaspacesuit.Thesecrettothisresilienceliesintheiruniquebiochemistry.Whenenteringthetunstate,tardigradesproducehighconcentrationsofasugarcalledtrehalose.Thissugarreplacesthewaterintheircells,formingaglass-likematrixthatprotectsthecellmembranesandproteinsfromdamage.Recentresearchhasalsoidentifiedaspecificprotein,Dsup(DamageSuppressor),whichbindstoDNAandprotectsitfromradiation-inducedbreakage.Scientistsarecurrentlystudyingtardigradestoseeiftheirmechanismscanbeappliedtohumanmedicine.Forexample,understandinghowDsupprotectsDNAcouldleadtonewtreatmentsforradiationsicknessincancerpatients.Furthermore,theabilitytostabilizebiologicalmaterialsinadrystatecouldrevolutionizethestorageandtransportationofvaccinesandotherpharmaceuticals.Despitetheirtoughness,tardigradesarenotinvincible.Theyhavespecificpredators,suchasnematodesandothermicro-invertebrates.Theyalsorequireatleastathinfilmofwatertobeactiveandreproduce.Whiletheycansurvivefordecadesinatunstate,theyeventuallyneedtorehydratetoresumetheirnormallifecycle.题目及答案：Questions1-6:Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage?TRUE/FALSE/NOTGIVEN1.TardigradeswerefirstnamedbyJohannAugustEphraimGoeze.FALSE(NamedbySpallanzani)2.Waterbearsaretypicallylargerthan1.5mminlength.FALSE(Usuallybetween0.1mmand1.5mm)3.Tardigradesaremostfrequentlyfoundindrydesertenvironments.FALSE(Foundindampenvironments)4.Inastateofcryptobiosis,atardigrade'swatercontentisreducedtoapproximately1%.TRUE5.Tardigradescansurvivehighertemperaturesthanboilingwater.TRUE(Upto150°C)6.Tardigradesaretheonlyanimalsthathavesurvivedinspace.NOTGIVEN(Textsays"firstknownanimal",doesn'texplicitlyexcludeothersfoundlaterorimplies"only"inabsolutesenseforalltime,thoughusuallytreatedasTrueinstrictreading,buthere"only"makesitNG.Let'ssticktotext:"makingthemthefirstknownanimal".Itdoesn'tsaytheyaretheONLYones.)Questions7-10:Matchtheheadingstotheparagraphs.ListofHeadings:i.ThediscoveryofTardigradesii.HabitatandDistributioniii.ThemechanismofCryptobiosisiv.SurvivalinSpacev.BiochemicalSecretsvi.PotentialMedicalApplicationsvii.PredationandLimitations7.Paragraph1:i8.Paragraph2:ii9.Paragraph3:iii10.Paragraph4:ivQuestions11-13:Summarycompletion.Tardigradessurviveextremeconditionsbyproducingasugarcalledtrehalose.Thissubstanceprotectsthecellsbyformingaglass-likestructure.Additionally,aproteinknownasDsuphelpsprotecttheirDNA.Scientistshopethisresearchcouldhelpindevelopingtreatmentsforradiationsickness.Passage2题目：ThePsychologyofDecisionMaking主题：认知偏差及其对决策的影响文章内容：Decisionmakingisacomplexcognitiveprocessthatinvolvesselectingacourseofactionfromamongmultiplealternatives.Fordecades,classicaleconomictheoryassumedthathumanswererationalagentswhomadedecisionsbasedonlogicandacarefulevaluationofallavailableinformationtomaximizeutility.However,researchinbehavioraleconomicsandpsychologyhaschallengedthisview,demonstratingthathumandecisionmakingisoftenirrationalandinfluencedbyavarietyofcognitivebiases.Oneofthemostcommonbiasesisthe"anchoringeffect."Thisoccurswhenindividualsrelytooheavilyonthefirstpieceofinformation(the"anchor")theyreceivewhenmakingdecisions.Forexample,innegotiations,theinitialofferoftensetsthetonefortherestofthediscussion.Eveniftheanchorisarbitrary,itcanskewthefinaloutcome.StudieshaveshownthatifagroupofpeopleisaskedtoestimatethepercentageofAfricannationsintheUNafterspinningawheelthatlandsonarandomnumber,theirestimateswillbebiasedtowardsthatnumber.Anothersignificantbiasis"confirmationbias,"thetendencytosearchfor,interpret,andrecallinformationinawaythatconfirmsone'spreexistingbeliefs.Thiscanleadtoa"filterbubble"whereindividualsonlyexposethemselvestoopinionsthatagreewiththeirown,reinforcingtheirviewsandmakingthemresistanttocontradictoryevidence.Intheageofsocialmedia,algorithmsoftenexacerbatethisbyfeedinguserscontentthatalignswiththeirpastbehavior.The"sunkcostfallacy"isanotherpervasiveerrorinjudgment.Thisdescribesthephenomenonwherepeoplecontinueanendeavorsimplybecausetheyhavealreadyinvestedinit,evenifthecurrentcostsoutweighthebenefits.Thisisoftenseeninfailingbusinessprojectsorbadinvestments.Therationalchoicewouldbetocutlosses,buttheemotionalpainofadmittingamistakeoftenoverrideslogic.Furthermore,decisionsareheavilyinfluencedbyhowchoicesarepresented,aphenomenonknownas"framing."Forinstance,peoplearemorelikelytooptforamedicaltreatmentdescribedashavinga"90%survivalrate"thanonedescribedashavinga"10%mortalityrate,"eventhoughthestatisticsareidentical.Thishighlightstheroleofemotionandperceptioninriskassessment.Whilethesebiasescanleadtopoordecisions,theyarenotentirelywithoutevolutionarypurpose.Heuristics,ormentalshortcuts,allowthebraintoprocessinformationquicklyandefficiently,whichwouldhavebeencrucialforsurvivalinthewild.However,inthemodernworld,theseshortcutscanoftenmisfire.Understandingthesebiasesisthefirststeptowardsmitigatingtheireffects.Techniquessuchas"consideringtheopposite,"seekingoutdisconfirmingevidence,andusingstructureddecision-makingframeworkscanhelpindividualsandorganizationsmakemorerationalchoices.Byacknowledgingthelimitationsofourintuition,wecanharnessourcognitivestrengthswhileminimizingourweaknesses.题目及答案：Questions14-19:MatchingfeaturesListofBiases:A.AnchoringEffectB.ConfirmationBiasC.SunkCostFallacyD.FramingEffect14.Relyingheavilyonthefirstpieceofinformation.A15.Searchingforinformationthatsupportsexistingbeliefs.B16.Continuingaprojectduetopastinvestment.C17.Beinginfluencedbythepresentationofstatistics.D18.Evolutionaryrootsinmentalshortcuts.C(Wait,thetextsaysheuristicsgenerallyhaveevolutionarypurpose.Thequestionmightbetricky.Let'sre-read."Whilethesebiases...Heuristics...".Thetextlinksheuristicstoevolution.Thebiasesareexamplesofheuristics.Let'sassumethequestionaskswhichbiasismostlinkedtothe"painofadmittingamistake"->SunkCost.Let'sadjust.Question18intheexammightbe:"Believedtohaveevolvedforsurvivalefficiency".Thisappliestoall,butusually,heuristicsarethebroadcategory.Let'smapspecificquestions.)Correction:Correction:14.Initialoffersetsthetone:A15.Reinforcingpreexistingbeliefs:B16.Continuingdespitefailureduetopastinvestment:C17.Survivalratevsmortalityrate:D18.Mentalshortcutsforquickprocessing:A(Anchoringisaheuristic,butlet'slookforaspecificfit.Actually,thetextdiscussesheuristicsgenerallyafterlistingthem.Let'sassumeQuestion18asksabout"Filterbubbles":B)Questions20-26:Yes/No/NotGiven20.Classicaleconomictheoryaccuratelymodelshumanbehavior.NO21.Theanchoringeffectonlyworkswithnumericalanchors.NOTGIVEN(Textmentionsspinningawheel,butdoesn'tsayitONLYworkswithnumbers,thoughimpliesit.UsuallyNGifstrict.)22.Socialmediaalgorithmscanincreaseconfirmationbias.YES23.Thesunkcostfallacyisonlyrelevantinfinancialcontexts.NO(Textsays"failingbusinessprojectsorbadinvestments"butimpliesgeneralendeavorslike"cuttinglosses".Thetextsays"oftenseenin..."not"only".)24.Peopleprefertreatmentswithhighsurvivalratesoverlowmortalityrates.YES25.Heuristicsareneverusefulinthemodernworld.NO26.Structureddecision-makingframeworkscaneliminatebiascompletely.NOTGIVEN(Textsays"help...makemorerationalchoices",doesn'tsay"eliminatecompletely".)Passage3题目：TheFutureofVerticalFarming主题：垂直农业的可行性、技术挑战及环境影响文章内容：Astheglobalpopulationcontinuestosurge,reachinganestimated9.7billionby2050,thechallengeoffeedingtheworldwithoutexhaustingitsnaturalresourceshasneverbeenmorepressing.Traditionalagricultureislandandwater-intensive,oftencontributingtodeforestation,soildegradation,andgreenhousegasemissions.Inresponse,urbanplannersandagriculturalscientistshaveturnedtheirattentiontoverticalfarming—arevolutionaryapproachthatinvolvesgrowingcropsinverticallystackedlayerswithincontrolledindoorenvironments.Verticalfarmingutilizestechnologiessuchashydroponics,aeroponics,andaquaponicstocultivateplantswithoutsoil.Inhydroponicsystems,plantrootsaresubmergedinanutrient-richsolution,whileaeroponicsinvolvesmistingtherootswithnutrients.Thesemethodsusesignificantlylesswaterthantraditionalfarming—upto95%less—becausewaterisrecirculatedwithinthesystem.Furthermore,verticalfarmscanbelocatedinurbancenters,reducingthe"foodmiles"associatedwithtransportingproducelongdistances,therebycuttingcarbonemissions.Oneoftheprimaryadvantagesofverticalfarmingisitsabilitytoproducecropsyear-round,independentofweatherconditions.Bycontrollinglight,temperature,andhumidity,farmerscanoptimizegrowingconditionsforeachplantvariety,leadingtohigheryieldsandfastergrowthcycles.Artificiallighting,typicallyusingLEDtechnology,isessentialforthesefarms.WhileLEDsareenergy-efficient,theelectricitycostsremainasignificantoperationalexpense.However,theintegrationofrenewableenergysources,suchassolarorwindpower,canmitigatethiscostandenhancethesustainabilityofthesystem.Despiteitspromise,verticalfarmingfacessubstantialeconomicandtechnicalhurdles.Theinitialcapitalinvestmentforsettingupahigh-techverticalfarmisenormous.Constructingthefacility,purchasingclimatecontrolsystems,andinstallinglightingracksrequiremillionsofdollars.Consequently,theproducegrowninthesefarmsisoftenmoreexpensivethanconventionallygrowncrops,limitingthemarkettohigh-valueleafygreensandherbsratherthanstaplecropslikewheatorrice.Criticsalsoarguethatverticalfarmingisnotapanaceaforallagriculturalproblems.Whileitexcelsatgrowinggreens,scalinguptoproducecalorie-densecropsiscurrentlyinefficientduetotheheightandenergyrequirementsofplantslikewheatandmaize.Additionally,therelianceonartificialenergyinputsraisesquestionsabouttheoverallenergybalance.Iftheelectricitypoweringthefarmcomesfromfossilfuels,theenvironmentalbenefitsmaybenegated.Nevertheless,theindustryisevolvingrapidly.Innovationsinautomationandroboticsarereducinglaborcosts,whicharetraditionallyhighinindoorfarming."Smart"sensorsandAI-drivendataanalyticsareoptimizingresourceuse,ensuringthatwaterandnutrientsaredeliveredpreciselywhenneeded.Thesetechnologicaladvancementsaregraduallybringingdowncostsandimprovingefficiency.Thefutureofverticalfarminglikelyliesinahybridmodel,whereitcomplementsratherthanreplacestraditionalagriculture.Itcanprovidefresh,localproducetourbanpopulations,reducingpressureonrurallandforwater-intensivecrops.Astechnologyadvancesandeconomiesofscaleareachieved,verticalfarmingmaybecomeacornerstoneofsustainablefoodsystems,offeringaresilientsolutiontothefoodsecuritychallengesofthe21stcentury.题目及答案：Questions27-31:MultipleChoice27.Whatisthemaindriverbehindthedevelopmentofverticalfarming?A(Theneedtofeedagrowingpopulationsustainably)28.Howdoesverticalfarmingprimarilyreducewaterusage?B(Byrecirculatingwaterinhydroponicsystems)29.Whatisamajorbenefitoflocatingfarmsinurbancenters?C(Reductionintransportationemissions)30.Whyisproducefromverticalfarmscurrentlyexpensive?D(Highinitialandoperationalcosts)31.Whatisthemainlimitationregardingstaplecropslikewheat?A(Theyarenotenergy-efficienttogrowvertically)Questions32-36:SummarycompletionVerticalfarmingallowsfortheproductionoffoodthroughouttheyearbycontrollingenvironmentalfactorssuchaslightandhumidity.ThismethodreliesheavilyonLEDlighting.Whileitsaveswater,thehighcostofelectricityisachallenge.Criticspointoutthatgrowingcalorie-densecropsiscurrentlyinefficient.However,theuseofautomationishelpingtolowerlaborcosts.Questions37-40:Yes/No/NotGiven37.Verticalfarmingusesmorewaterthantraditionalmethods.NO38.LEDlightsaretheonlysourceoflightusedinverticalfarms.NOTGIVEN(Textsays"typicallyusingLEDtechnology")39.Verticalfarmingcancompletelyreplacetraditionalagriculture.NO(Textsays"complementsratherthanreplaces")40.Thecostofverticalfarmingproduceisexpectedtoriseinthefuture.NO(Textsays"graduallybringingdowncosts")写作部分WritingTask1题目类型：柱状图题目：ThechartbelowshowsthepercentageofhouseholdsinownedandrentedaccommodationinEnglandandWalesbetween1918and2011.(图表描述：1918年，租房比例极高（约78%），购房比例极低（约22%）。随后租房比例稳步下降，购房比例稳步上升。2001年两者交叉，2011年购房比例略高于租房比例，或持平。)参考范文：ThebarchartillustratestheshiftsinhousingtenureinEnglandandWalesoveracentury,from1918to2011.Specifically,itcomparestheproportionofhouseholdslivinginownedversusrentedaccommodation.In1918,thevastmajorityofresidentsweretenants,withrentedaccommodationaccountingforapproximately78%ofhouseholds.Conversely,onlyabout22%ofhouseholdsownedtheirhomes.Thismarkedthepeakofrentedlivingandthetroughofhomeownershipwithintheperiodsurveyed.Overthefollowingdecades,acleartrendofreversalemerged.Thepercentageofhouseholdsinrentedaccommodationexperiencedasteadydecline,droppingtoroughly50%by1971.Meanwhile,therateofhomeownershipsawaconsistentupwardtrajectory,mirroringthefallinrentingandreachingthe50%markatthesametime.From1971onwards,thegapbetweenthetwocategorieswidenedfurtherinfavorofhomeownership.Theproportionofownedhomescontinuedtoclimb,peakingatnearly70%in2001.Incontrast,therentedsectorfelltoitslowestpointofaround30%inthesameyear.However,thefinaldatapointin2011suggestsaslightshift,withrentedaccommodationincreasingmarginallytoaround35%,whilehomeownershipdippedslightlytojustunder65%.Overall,thechartdemonstratesacompletereversalinhousingpreferencesinEnglandandWalesduringthe20thcentury,transitioningfromasocietyofpredominantlyrenterstoonewherehomeownershipbecamethenorm,althoughaslightstabilizationorreversiontowardsrentingisevidentattheendoftheperiod.WritingTask2题目：Somepeoplethinkthatitisbeneficialtostudyabroad,whileothersbelievethatitisnotnecessarybecausestudentscanstudyeffectivelyintheirhomecountries.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.(题目大意：有些人认为出国留学是有益的，另一些人认为没必要，因为学生在本国也能有效学习。讨论双方观点并给出你自己的意见。)参考范文：Thequestionofwhetheruniversitystudentsshouldventureabroadfortheireducationorremainintheirhomecountriesisatopicoffrequentdebate.Whilestudyinginaforeignlandoffersuniqueculturalandacademicadvantages,stayinghomeprovidesdistinctbenefitsintermsofcostandstability.Thisessaywilldiscussbothperspectivesbeforepresentingmyownview.Proponentsofstudyingabroadhighlighttheimmersiveculturalexperienceandtheopportunitytodevelopindependence.Livinginaforeignc