2026年河南省平顶山市鲁山县第十八初级中学等中招学科第一次调研考试试卷九年级英语试卷（含答案）

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页2026年河南省平顶山市鲁山县第十八初级中学等中招学科第一次调研考试试卷九年级英语一、阅读理解TherearewebsitesfornearlyeverygameandhobbyontheInternet.Thefollowingareafewexamples.TeenReads:YoungbookloverswillenjoyTeenReads.Thewebsiteprovidesreviews(评论)ofnewandpopularbooksforteenagers,alongwithsurveys,contestsandplacestodiscusstheirfavoritebooks.Teenscanalsoworktheirwaythroughthe“ultimate(最终的)”readinglistonthesite.TeenNick:FansoftheentertainmentchannelTeenNickwillfindinformationonthelatestshows,aswellasgames,videosandquizzes.Whilethesiteoftenupdates(更新)onTeenNickshows,italsoprovidesstoriesjustforteensandsuggestionsonhowtosurviveinhighschool.TheInSite:TheInSiteisdesignedforteenswhohaveaninterestinimprovingtheworld.Teenscanlearnaboutsocialproblemsandwaystobuildapositiveself-image.Theycanalsosubmit(提交)artworkandwriting,orhavediscussionsonhowtomaketheworldabetterplace.ChallengeYou:ChallengeYouisacomputergamedesignwebsite.Teenscandesigngamesonthesiteorplaygamesdesignedbyotherkidsandteens.Theycansharetheirgameswithfriendsortakepartinweeklygame-buildingcontests.Thereisalsoachatroomandaforum(论坛)forthemtodiscussgamebuildingorjusttoplaygamestogether.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1．Whatcan’twebusersdoonTeenReads?A．Havereadingcontests. B．Discussbooks.C．Buybooks. D．Readbookreviews.2．WhomaybeinterestedinTeenNick?A．Teenswholikeart.B．Teenswholikewatchingshows.C．Teenswholikereadingbooks.D．Teenswholikechangingtheworld.3．Whichwebsitecouldbethebestchoiceforsomeonewholovesplayingcomputergames?A．TeenReads. B．TheInSite.C．TeenNick. D．ChallengeYou.4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutChallengeYou?A．Youcanonlydesignyourowngameshere.B．Someexpertswillbeinvitedtogiveaspeechintheforum.C．Youcanjoininthecontestseveryweek.D．Thegamesaredesignedbyfamouscompanies.5．Wherecanwepossiblyfindthetext?A．Inatravelguidebook.B．Inamagazineforteenagers.C．Inasciencereport.D．InaprogramforEnglishlearning.I’mKatherineJohnson.Ilivewithmyson,Oliver,inHamilton,NewZealand.Hesometimesfeltleftoutanddifferentfromtheotherkidsheknew.Foronething,heiscrazyabouttrucks.Helovesthemmorethantoys,videogames,oranythingelseotherkidslike.Hespendsalotoftimethinkingabouttrucks,learningtheirnamesandcapabilities(性能),anddreamingofbecomingatruckdriversomeday.Asmyson’s8thbirthdaydrewnear,Iwantedtodosomethingspecialtomakehimhappy.SoIsharedapostonlineaskingifanytruckdriverswouldgivemysonarideintheirtruckfor$50.Ihopedjustonetruckerwouldseemypostandrespond.However,tomysurprise,IgotalotmorethanIexpected.BarryHartsawmyoffer.Heownsalotoftrucksandknowsalotoftruckdrivers.Hesaidtome,“Thethoughtofayoungtruckloverfeelinglonelydidnotsitwellwithme.I’llputoutacallofmyowntogiveyourboyasurprise.”34truckdriverswouldliketohelp.Butonthebigday,morethantwicethatnumbershowedup!Someofthedrivershaddrivenmorethan75milesoutoftheirwaytobehereformyboy!Andnoneofthemacceptedacentfortheirtimeorexpenses(费用).OliverandIweretouchedbythekindtruckdrivers.Theyletusknowthatthereisacommunityaroundusandpeopleouttherewillbackusandstandbesideus.Andthedaywillstayinourmemoryforever.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。6．WhatisOliverinterestedin?A．Toys. B．VideoGames.C．Trucks. D．Makingfriends.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“respond”inParagraph3mean?A．Reply. B．Recycle. C．Regret. D．Review.8．HowmightOliverfeelafterseeingsomanytrucksonhisbirthday?A．Upset. B．Leftout.C．Excited. D．Embarrassed.9．What’sthecorrectorderaccordingtothetext?a.Over68trucksshoweduponOliver’sbirthday.b.OliverandKatherineweretouchedbythekindtruckdrivers.c.Oliver,whowouldhavehis8thbirthday,lovestrucksverymuch.d.Katherinesharedapostonlinetoaskifanytruckdriverswouldgivehersonatruckride.e.BarryHartsawtheofferandasked34truckdriversheknewtocelebrateOliver’sbirthday.A．d-e-c-a-b B．c-d-e-a-bC．d-c-e-b-a D．c-d-e-b-a10．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ASpecialHobby B．AGreatMotherC．AnInterestingPost D．AnUnforgettableMemoryTheCopperScroll(死海铜卷),apartoftheDeadSeaScrolls,haslongfascinatedarcheologists(考古学家)andtreasurehuntersaroundtheworld.Thisancientscrollisthoughttobeatreasuremap.Itpointsto64locationswherelotsofsilverandgoldarehidden.TheCopperScrollwasfoundbyanarcheologistonMarch14,1952.Duetocorrosion(腐蚀),itcouldnotbeopenedatthetimeofdiscovery.JohnMarcoAllegro,anexpertonDeadSeaScrolls,suggestedcuttingthescrollintopartssothatthetextcanbereadeasily.Between1955and1956,thescrollwascutinto23parts,andthecontent(内容)wascopied.SincethediscoveryoftheCopperScroll,manyexpertshavestudiedit.TherehasbeenmuchdiscussionoverthedateoftheCopperScroll.Thoughsomeexpertsplacethescrollbetween25and75C．E.,otherspointtoalaterperiod.LotsofpeoplehavetriedtounderstandthemessageontheCopperScrollandlookforthetreasure.However,noonehasfoundthetreasureyet.Thewritingonthescrollisdifficulttounderstand,soitisimpossibletoknowforcertainwherethetreasureishidden.Itissaidthataduplicatedocument(副本)wasdesignedtoprovidemoreinformation.However,thatdocumenthasnotyetbeendiscovered.Overtheyears,themysteriousCopperScrollhasbeentheinspirationformanybooksandTVshows.AndtheCopperScrollwasonshowattheJordanMuseumin2013,anditisstilltheretothisday.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。11．WhatistheCopperScrollthoughttobe?A．Atreasuremap. B．Akeytothedoor.C．Afamousbook. D．Agreatdictionary.12．WhywastheCopperScrollcutintoparts?A．Becauseitistoolargetocarry.B．Becauseitcanbefixedwellinthisway.C．Becauseitissovaluablethatitcan’tbestoredinoneplace.D．Becauseexpertsthinkthetextonitcanbereadeasilyinthisway.13．Whofoundthetreasure?A．Theexperts.B．Noone.C．Thearcheologists.D．Theworkersinthemuseum.14．Whatcanweknowfromthetext?①WhattheCopperScrollis.②WheretheCopperScrollis.③WhentheCopperScrollwasfound.④WhatscientistsdidtotheCopperScroll.⑤WherethetreasureontheCopperScrollis.A．②③④⑤ B．①②③④ C．①②④⑤ D．①②③④⑤15．Whatisthetext?A．Afolkstory. B．Aninstruction. C．Anintroduction. D．Asciencefiction.Asteenagers,youhavemanydreams.Thesedreamscanbeverybig,likebeingascientist.Ortheycanbesmall.Forexample,youmayjustwanttobecomeoneofthetenbeststudentsinyourclass.16Doyouevertrytomakeyourdreamreal?FollowYourHeartwrittenbyAustralianwriterAndrewMatthewstellsusthatmakingourdreamsrealislife’sbiggestchallenge.17Oryoumaythinkthatitisimpossibleforyoutobecomeagreatperson.“Thesekindsofthoughtsmaystopyoufromgettingyourdream,”thebooksays.Infact,everyonecanmakehisorherdreamcometrue.Thefirstthingyoumustdoistorememberwhatyourdreamis.Don’tletitleaveyourheart.18Dothisoftenandyourdreamwillcometruefasterbecauseabigdreamis,infact,madeofmanysmalldreams.Youmustalsonevergiveupyourdream.Therewillbedifficultiesontheroadtoyourdreams.19Youneedtodecidewhatisthemostimportant.StudyinginsteadofwatchingTVwillbringyoubetterexamresults,whilesavingfiveyuaninsteadofbuyinganicecreammeansyoucanbuyanewbook.20根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。A．Andkeeptellingyourselfwhatyouwant.B．Onceyoufindadream,whatwillyoudowithit?C．Thiswaywillhelpyougetclosertoyourdreamdaybyday.D．Youmaythinkyouarenotverygoodatsomethings.E．Butthebiggestdifficultycomesfromyourself.二、完形填空Myfamilyoftenhadaget-togetherwithfriendsinmychildhood.AsIwas21,therewasalwayssomebodywhowouldcomeuptomentionmycleverness,andaskwhatIwasgoingtodowhenIgrewup.Itstartedwithbeingateacherorahero.Thenitwasafireman,anartist…ButasIgrewolder,mydreamsofthefuture22.WhenIwasgoingtocollege,myrelativesandfriendsaskedmeagainwhatIwouldmajor(主修)in.Theywantedto23whatIwouldbewhenIgrewup.BythenImadeup24mindtobecomeacomputerprogrammer.SoIwasstudyingsoftware(软件)formuchofmylife.IstronglybelievedaslongasIarmedmyself25knowledge,Icouldachievemydream.Finally,Iam26thatIcouldrealizemydream.Therealizationofmylifepurpose27metohelpotherstosucceedintheirownlives.However,formany,thereisa“thief”whichgoesaroundstealingour28androbbing(抢)usofthepowertoachieveourgoals.Sometimes,thethiefwillcomeasaparent,arelative,29afriend.Butthegreatestthiefisjustourselves.Usuallywhenweareaboutto30thegoal,asmallvoiceinsidewillsay,“Youwillneversucceed.”“Veryfewhaveeverdonethis31.”Andonandonthesmallvoicemakesus32heartandfail.However,33mayhelpourdreamstocometrue.Itisoneofthemostimportant34wehave,becauseitteachesusvaluablelessons.Andwhenwelearntheselessonswell,weare35forsuccess.Thereareno“overnight”successes,butwithperseverance(毅力),theywillcome.Sojustdon’tgiveup.Letdreamsstayinyourlife.21．A．friendly B．smart C．polite D．careful22．A．changed B．remained C．fell D．disappeared23．A．workout B．tryout C．takeout D．findout24．A．his B．my C．its D．our25．A．for B．as C．with D．over26．A．happy B．angry C．worried D．painful27．A．advises B．encourages C．invites D．warns28．A．heads B．belief C．dreams D．money29．A．but B．so C．and D．or30．A．divide B．regret C．reach D．forget31．A．unluckily B．carelessly C．successfully D．politely32．A．lose B．break C．take D．give33．A．progress B．failure C．sadness D．danger34．A．purposes B．habits C．tools D．decisions35．A．ready B．late C．sorry D．famous三、选词填空阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。he,meaningful,letter,take,warm,about,share,person,if,deepZengGuofan,whowasagreatscholarandofficial,livedmorethan100yearsagoatthetimeoftheQingDynasty.His36tohisfamilyarewellknownandstillvaluedbymanyChinesepeopletoday.Hewasalwaysverypoliteandstartedeveryletterwithgreetings.Thenhetalked37thelatestfamilynews.Inoneletter,hewrote,“IwasveryhappywhenIheardthatgrandmothergotwellfromherillnesswithout38anymedicine.”Inthereplies,hecouldknowaboutdailylifeof39familyclearly,sothathecouldfeelhewasstillathome.Healso40hisdailylifeinhisletters.Once,hewrotetohisparents,“Yourgrandchildrenareverywell.Wearegoingtogivethemavaccination(接种疫苗)againstsmallpox(天花)inMarchwhenitgetsmuch41.Thedoctorsareverygoodandtheydon’tchargeapenny.Pleasedon’tworryandeverythingisfineathome.”ZengGuofanwastheoldestinhisfamilyandhecared42aboutbrothers’development.Heoftentoldthemthattheywouldneverbehungry43theyworkedhard.Inalettertohisninthbrother,ZengGuofanencouragedhimnevertogiveup.Healsotoldhisbrothersthatnotgivingupwasthekeytoasuccessfullife.ZengGuofanhasfamilyinstructionssuchas:howtostudy,howtobeauseful44andhowtoregulate(约束)thefamily.Theseinstructionsarestill45toallofus.四、短文填空阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。Twodifferentpeoplearetalkingabouttheirjobs.JUSTINIworkduringmysummerholidayswhenI’mnotatuniversity.Oxfordhasthousandsoftouristsinthesummer,soit’seasy46findajobasatourguide.Itaketouriststovisittheuniversitycolleges47thenwegodowntotheriver.Wegoalongtheriveronaboat.Thetouristslovetheboattrip,butlastsummeronetouristfellintheriver!Ilovemeetingpeople48allovertheworld.PAULMyjobisverydifficult,butIlikeitbecauseIloveflying.Iflyplanesthattakepeopletodifferentplacesonholiday.MostofthetimeIflyinEuropetoplaceslikeSpain,GreeceandItaly.49mostdifficultthingaboutmyjobiswhentheweatherisbad.Snowandthunderstorms(雷雨)50theworst.Thebestthingisvisitingdifferentplaces.五、补全对话根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。A:Hi,LiHua.Youarereadingthebookagain.B:Yes,I’veneverbeentiredofit.A:Youhaveagoodhabit.51?B:Oh,it’saboutouterspace.I’vereaditfourtimes.EverytimeIreadit,Icanlearnsomethingnew.A:Soundsinteresting.52?B:Yes,Ijoinedthereadingclublastyear.Andithelpsmealot.A:Fantastic.CanIjoinyou?B:Yes,ofcourse.53.A:That’sgreat.Bytheway,whataboutgoingtotheZhengzhouScienceandTechnologyMuseumthisweekend?B:54.Whenandwhereshallwemeet?A:Let’smeetattheschoolgateat8inthemorning.B:55?A:Wecanrideabike.It’snotveryfar.B:OK.Seeyouthen.六、书面表达56．当前，有些同学不知如何利用好空闲时间，时常抱怨时间不够用。针对这种现象，你校广播室“校园英语之声”栏目就“Howtomakebetteruseofoursparetime”为题进行征文。请你根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，向栏目投稿。写作要求：1、你对利用空闲时间有什么好的建议，请写出理由；2、文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；3、词数100左右。Howtomakebetteruseofoursparetime____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、阅读理解【答案】1．C2．B3．D4．C5．B【分析】本文主要介绍了四个专门为青少年设计的网站：TeenReads、TeenNick、TheInSite以及ChallengeYou，为具有不同爱好的青少年提供了丰富的在线资源。【详解】1．关于TeenReads网站，文中指出：“Thewebsiteprovidesreviews(评论)ofnewandpopularbooks…alongwithsurveys,contestsandplacestodiscusstheirfavoritebooks.”。引用内容涵盖了评论、比赛和讨论等功能，文中并未提及购买书籍的业务。2．文中在介绍TeenNick网站时提到：“FansoftheentertainmentchannelTeenNickwillfindinformationonthelatestshows…”。引用部分明确指出该网站是为娱乐频道及节目的爱好者提供信息的。3．文中对ChallengeYou的描述是：“ChallengeYouisacomputergamedesignwebsite.Teenscandesigngamesonthesiteorplaygamesdesignedbyotherkidsandteens.”。对于热爱电脑游戏的用户来说，这个可以设计、玩耍并分享游戏的网站是最佳选择。4．关于ChallengeYou网站，文中明确提到：“Theycan…takepartinweeklygame-buildingcontests.”。引用内容证实了网站每周都会举办游戏制作竞赛。5．通读全文可知，四个网站的介绍均围绕“Teen”、“Youngbooklovers”或“storiesjustforteens”展开，目标受众高度统一。这种专门针对青少年兴趣爱好的内容最可能出现在面向青少年的杂志中。【答案】6．C7．A8．C9．B10．D【分析】本文主要讲述了一位热爱卡车的男孩在8岁生日时收到了众多卡车司机的意外惊喜，体现了社区的温暖和人间真情。【详解】6．第一段指出：“Foronething,heiscrazyabouttrucks.”。引用部分明确说明了奥利弗对卡车非常痴迷，即他对卡车感兴趣。7．第三段提到作者在社交平台发帖后的心理：“Ihopedjustonetruckerwouldseemypostandrespond.”。在网络求助的语境下，看到帖子并做出“回应”，对应选项中的“reply回复”。8．第一段提到奥利弗“sometimesfeltleftout”，而第三段描述了生日当天的盛况：“…34truckdriverswouldliketohelp...twicethatnumbershowedup!”。作为一个极度喜爱卡车的孩子，看到这种场面推断其心情是非常激动的。9．根据文中逻辑顺序：根据第一段“…heiscrazyabouttrucks.”以及第二段“Asmyson’s8thbirthdaydrewnear…”可知，文章开篇交代了儿子对卡车的痴迷以及8岁生日的临近；根据第二段“SoIsharedapostonlineaskingifanytruckdriverswouldgivemysonaride…”可知，母亲随后在网上发帖寻求帮助；根据第三段“BarryHartsawmyoffer…34truckdriverswouldliketohelp.”可知，Barry看到帖子后组织了34名司机准备帮忙；根据第三段“Butonthebigday,morethantwicethatnumbershowedup!”可知，在生日当天，到场人数是34人的两倍多，即超过了68人；根据第四段“OliverandIweretouchedbythekindtruckdrivers.”可知，母子俩最后深受感动。故正确的时间先后顺序为c-d-e-a-b。10．文章详细叙述了一个感人的生日惊喜故事，并在末尾总结道：“Andthedaywillstayinourmemoryforever.”。引用部分点明了这次经历的珍贵，D项“一次难忘的记忆”高度概括了文章的主题。【答案】11．A12．D13．B14．B15．C【分析】本文主要介绍了死海古卷中的“死海铜卷”，涵盖了其发现经过、被切割研究的原因、历史年代争议以及其中记载的神秘宝藏信息。【详解】11．第一段第二句指出：“Thisancientscrollisthoughttobeatreasuremap.”。引用部分直接说明了人们认为死海铜卷是一份藏宝图。12．第二段第二、三句提到：“…suggestedcuttingthescrollintopartssothatthetextcanbereadeasily…thescrollwascutinto23parts…”。引用内容解释了切割铜卷的目的是为了能够更轻松地阅读上面的文字信息。13．第四段第二句指出：“However,noonehasfoundthetreasureyet.”。引用原句明确说明至今还没有人找到藏宝图中所记载的宝藏。14．第一段指出“TheCopperScroll(死海铜卷),apartoftheDeadSeaScrolls…”，这说明了它是什么（①）；第五段提到“…theCopperScrollwasonshowattheJordanMuseumin2013,anditisstilltheretothisday”，这指明了它目前的位置（②）；第二段首句指出“TheCopperScrollwasfoundbyanarcheologistonMarch14,1952”，这交代了它的发现时间（③）；第二段第三句描述了“…thescrollwascutinto23parts,andthecontent(内容)wascopied”，这交代了专家/科学家对该古卷进行的操作（④）；第四段第三句明确说明“…itisimpossibletoknowforcertainwherethetreasureishidden”，因此文中并未交代宝藏的具体位置（⑤）。综合判断，①②③④在文中均能找到对应信息。15．通读全文可知，文章通过客观事实、日期及研究数据，向读者系统地展示了关于死海铜卷的基本信息及现状，具有典型的介绍性说明特征。【答案】16．B17．D18．A19．E20．C【分析】本文主要阐述了青少年要有梦想，牢记梦想、永不放弃，一步步努力就能实现。【详解】16．上文讲了青少年有不同大小的梦想，下文提问“你是否曾努力实现梦想”，B选项“Onceyoufindadream,whatwillyoudowithit?”承上启下，符合逻辑。17．下文提到“你或许认为自己不可能成为优秀的人”，这是阻碍实现梦想的负面想法，D选项“Youmaythinkyouarenotverygoodatsomethings.”和下文是并列的负面想法，衔接自然。18．上文说实现梦想首先要记住自己的梦想，下文说“经常这么做，梦想会更快实现”，A选项“Andkeeptellingyourselfwhatyouwant.”，正好衔接前后内容。19．上文提到“追梦路上会遇到困难”，E选项“Butthebiggestdifficultycomesfromyourself.”承接上文的困难，引出下文关于自己要做出正确选择的举例，逻辑通顺。20．上文举例说明了哪些是正确的选择做法，C选项“Thiswaywillhelpyougetclosertoyourdreamdaybyday.”总结了前文做法的作用，结束段落，符合语境。二、完形填空【答案】21．B22．A23．D24．B25．C26．A27．B28．C29．D30．C31．C32．A33．B34．C35．A【分析】本文主要通过作者从儿时到成年对梦想追求的历程，探讨了如何应对内心的恐惧与自我怀疑，强调失败是通往成功的宝贵工具，鼓励读者坚持不懈。【详解】21．句意为：因为我很聪明，总有人会过来提到我的聪明，并问我长大后要做什么。根据下文“…comeuptomentionmycleverness”可知，此处呼应了作者的“聪明”。smart意为“聪明的”，与cleverness语义一致。22．句意为：但随着我长大，我对未来的梦想改变了。根据前文列举的“teacher”、“hero”、“fireman”及“artist”可知，作者的梦想并非一成不变。changed意为“改变”，符合语境。23．句意为：他们想弄清楚我长大后会做什么。根据前文“…askedmeagainwhatIwouldmajorin.”可知，亲友想通过询问专业来得知作者未来的选择。findout意为“查明，弄清楚”。24．句意为：那时我下定决心要成为一名计算机程序员。根据固定搭配“makeupone’smind”表示“下定决心”，此处主语为I，应用形容词性物主代词my。25．句意为：我坚信只要用知识武装自己，我就能实现梦想。根据固定短语“armoneselfwith”表示“用……武装自己”，文中指用知识充实自己。26．句意为：最后，我很高兴我能实现梦想。根据下句“…thatIcouldrealizemydream.”可知，实现梦想的结果是令人欣喜的。happy表示“快乐的，满意的”。27．句意为：我人生目标的实现鼓励我帮助别人在他们自己的生活中取得成功。根据语境，实现目标这一正面结果会给人动力。encourages意为“鼓励”，与后文“helpotherstosucceed”逻辑对应。28．句意为：然而，对很多人来说，有一个“小偷”四处偷走我们的梦想，抢走我们实现目标的力量。根据后文“…robbingusofthepowertoachieveourgoals.”可知，这个“小偷”抢走的是目标和追求。dreams意为“梦想”。29．句意为：有时，这个小偷会以父母、亲戚或朋友的身份出现。此处列举了“小偷”可能化身的多种并列身份，应使用连词or表示“或者”。30．句意为：通常当我们快要到达目标时，内心有个小声音会说：“你永远不会成功。”根据固定搭配“reachthegoal”意为“达成目标”。31．句意为：很少有人成功做过这件事。根据空前“Youwillneversucceed.”可知，内心的声音在否定成功的可能性。successfully意为“成功地”。32．句意为：这个小声音不断地让我们灰心并失败。根据空后的“fail”以及前文负面评价的影响可知，此处指泄气。固定短语“loseheart”意为“丧失信心”。33．句意为：然而，失败可能帮助我们的梦想实现。根据下文“…becauseitteachesusvaluablelessons.”可知，此处指负面经历的正面价值。failure意为“失败”。34．句意为：它是我们拥有的最重要的工具之一，因为它教给我们宝贵的教训。根据文中“…becauseitteachesusvaluablelessons.”可知，失败被看作是教导我们吸取教训的手段。tools意为“工具”，符合其功能描述。35．句意为：当我们学好这些教训时，我们就为成功做好了准备。根据前文“…whenwelearntheselessonswell…”可知，吸取教训后便具备了成功的条件。固定短语“bereadyfor”表示“为……做好准备”。三、选词填空【答案】36．letters37．about38．taking39．his40．shared41．warmer42．deeply43．if44．person45．meaningful【分析】本文主要介绍了曾国藩的家书。【详解】36．句意为：他的家书非常有名，现在仍然被许多中国人所珍视。根据“tohisfamilyarewellknown”可知，此处是指家书，letter意为“信”，是可数名词，此处是指不止一封信，所以用复数形式。故填letters。37．句意为：然后他谈论了最新的家庭新闻。根据“thelatestfamilynews.”可知，此处是指谈论，talkabout意为“谈论”，是固定搭配。故填about。38．句意为：当我听说祖母不吃药就好了，我很高兴。根据“anymedicine.”可知，此处是指吃药，takemedicine意为“吃药”，是固定搭配，without是介词，其后动词用动名词形式。故填taking。39．句意为：在回信中，他可以清楚地了解家人的日常生活，这样他就可以觉得自己还在家里。根据“familyclearly,”可知，此处是指他的家人，he意为“他的”是主格，此处用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。40．句意为：他还在信中分享了他的日常生活。根据“hisdailylifeinhisletters.”可知，此处是指在信中分享了他的日常生活，share意为“分享”是动词，此句叙述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，share的过去式是shared。故填shared。41．句意为：我们将在三月天气暖和得多的时候给他们接种天花疫苗。根据“whenitgetsmuch….”可知，此处是指暖和得多，warm意为“暖和的”，是形容词，此处暗含比较，所以用比较级，warm的比较级是warmer，much修饰比较级。故填warmer。42．句意为：曾国藩是家里的长子，他非常关心兄弟们的发展。根据“aboutbrothers’development.”可知，此处是指非常关心兄弟们的发展，deep意为“深的”，是形容词，此处修饰动词cared，所以用副词deeply。故填deeply。43．句意为：他经常告诉他们，如果他们努力工作，就不会挨饿。根据“theyworkedhard.”可知，此处是指如果他们努力工作，就不会挨饿，if“如果”引导条件状语从句。故填if。44．句意为：曾国藩有家训，如：如何学习，如何成为一个有用的人，如何管理家庭。根据“howtobeauseful”可知，此处是指有用的人，person意为“人”，是可数名词，此处用单数。故填person。45．句意为：这些指示对我们所有人都很有意义。根据“Theseinstructionsarestill…toallofus.”可知，此处是指这些指示对我们所有人都很有意义，meaningful意为“有意义的”，是形容词，作表语。故填meaningful。四、短文填空【答案】46．to47．and48．from49．The50．are【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了两个人的工作情况。【详解】46．句意为：夏天牛津有数千名游客，所以很容易找到导游的工作。固定句型“Itis+adj.+todosth.”，意为“做某事是……的”。此处表示“找到导游的工作很容易”，需用不定式to作真正主语。47．句意为：我带游客参观大学学院，沿着河往下走。前文“带游客参观大学学院”与后文“沿着河往下走”是顺承关系，用并列连词and连接两个动作。48．句意为：我喜欢认识来自世界各地的人。

固定搭配“fromallovertheworld”，意为“来自世界各地”，是常用表达。49．句意为：我的工作中最难的事情是天气不好的时候。

形容词最高级“mostdifficult”前需加定冠词the，位于句首首字母大写，表特指“工作中最难的事”。50．句意为：雪和雷雨是最糟糕的情况。主语“Snowandthunderstorms”（雪和雷雨）是复数，且描述一般情况，用be动词的复数形式are。五、补全对话【答案】51．What’sitabout/What’sthe