2020年下半年黑龙江省医护英语水平考试METS听力考试真题练习及答案

2020年下半年黑龙江省医护英语水平考试METS听力考试练习题练习及答案SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Eachconversationwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachconversation,therewillbeaquestion.ReadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.1.W:Doctor,I’vehadasharppaininmylowerabdomenfortwohours.ItstartedafterIateaspicymeal.M:Letmecheckyourvitalsignsfirst.Yourtemperatureisnormal,butthere’stendernessintherightlowerquadrant.Weneedtodoabloodtestandanultrasoundtoruleoutappendicitis.Q:Whatisthedoctor’smainconcern?A.GastritisB.AppendicitisC.KidneystoneD.Gallbladderattack答案：B2.M:Nurse,whenshouldItakethismedication?Thelabelsays“tid”.W:“Tid”meansthreetimesaday,approximatelyevery8hours.Takeitaftermealstoavoidstomachupset.Q:Howoftenshouldthepatienttakethemedication?A.OnceadayB.TwiceadayC.ThreetimesadayD.Fourtimesaday答案：C3.W:Mybabyhasarunnynoseandacoughforthreedays.She’salsobeenfussyandnoteatingwell.M:Let’slistentoherlungs.Thebreathingsoundsclear,butherthroatisred.It’slikelyaviralcold.Keepherhydratedanduseahumidifier.Avoidover-the-countercoughmedicineforinfants.Q:Whatdoesthedoctoradvisethemothertodo?A.GivecoughmedicineimmediatelyB.UseahumidifierC.AdministerantibioticsD.ScheduleachestX-ray答案：B4.M:I’vebeenfeelingdizzywhenIstandup.Mybloodpressurewas100/60thismorning.W:Orthostatichypotensioncancausethat.Let’sadjustyourbloodpressuremedication.Also,trytostandupslowlyfromsittingorlyingdown,andincreaseyoursaltintakeslightly.Q:Whatisthepatientexperiencing?A.HighbloodpressurewhenstandingB.LowbloodpressurewhenstandingC.RapidheartrateD.Chesttightness答案：B5.W:Isprainedmyankleduringexercise.It’sswollenandIcan’tputweightonit.M:FollowtheRICEprotocol:Rest,Ice,Compression,Elevation.Applyicefor15-20minutesevery2hours.Ifthepaindoesn’timprovein48hours,comebackforanX-ray.Q:Whatisthefirststepintreatingtheanklesprain?A.ApplyheatB.ResttheankleC.TakepainkillersD.Performstretching答案：B6.M:Doctor,mybloodglucoselevelshavebeenhighlately—180mg/dLfasting.I’monmetformin.W:Let’scheckyourHbA1c.A1cof7.5%indicatespoorcontrol.WemayneedtoaddaGLP-1receptoragonist.Also,reviewyourdiet:limitrefinedcarbsandmonitorpost-mealglucose.Q:Whatdoesthedoctorsuggesttoimproveglucosecontrol?A.ReducemetformindosageB.AddanewmedicationC.IncreasesaltintakeD.Skipfastingglucosechecks答案：B7.W:Nurse,mymotherisonheparinforDVT.Shejusthadanosebleedthatlasted10minutes.ShouldIbeworried?M:Heparincanincreasebleedingrisk.Applypressuretothenosefor10-15minutes.Ifitdoesn’tstop,bringhertotheER.We’llcheckheraPTTleveltomorrow.Q:Whatisthepatient’smotherbeingtreatedfor?A.HighcholesterolB.DeepveinthrombosisC.HeartfailureD.Asthma答案：B8.M:Ihavechronicbackpain.I’vetriedibuprofen,butitdoesn’thelpmuch.W:Let’sconsiderphysicaltherapy—strengtheningthecoremusclescanreducepain.Ifthatfails,wemighttryanerveblock.Avoidprolongedsittingorheavylifting.Q:Whatisthedoctor’sfirstrecommendation?A.NerveblockB.PhysicaltherapyC.OpioidmedicationD.Surgery答案：B9.W:Mychildhasafeverof39℃andarashthatdoesn’tblanchwhenpressed.M:That’sanon-blanchingrash—couldbemeningococcalmeningitis.WeneedtostartIVantibioticsimmediately.Prepareforalumbarpuncture.Q:Whyisthedoctorconcernedabouttherash?A.ItindicatesaviralinfectionB.ItmaysignalaseriousbacterialinfectionC.ItisanormalreactiontofeverD.Itsuggestsanallergicreaction答案：B10.M:I’mhereformyannualphysical.Lastyear,mycholesterolwashigh.W:YourLDLis160mg/dL—stillabovethetargetof100.Let’sstartastatin.Continuethelow-fatdietandaimfor30minutesofexercisedaily.Q:Whatisthepatient’scurrentLDLlevel?A.100mg/dLB.120mg/dLC.140mg/dLD.160mg/dL答案：DSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear1longconversation.Theconversationwillbespokentwice.Aftertheconversation,youwillhear5questions.ReadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Conversation:Nurse:Goodafternoon,Mr.Wang.I’mheretodiscussyourdiabetesself-management.Let’sstartwithbloodglucosemonitoring.Patient:Okay,nurse.Icheckmybloodsugareverymorning,butsometimesIforgetbeforemeals.Nurse:It’sbesttotestfasting(beforebreakfast)and2hoursaftereachmainmeal.Thatwaywecanseehowfoodaffectsyourlevels.Aimforfasting<130mg/dLandpost-meal<180mg/dL.Patient:Mydoctorsaidtoadjustmyinsulinbasedonreadings.Howdoesthatwork?Nurse:Yourbasalinsulinis10unitsatbedtime,andrapid-actinginsulinbeforemeals:1unitforevery15gramsofcarbs.Butifyourpre-mealglucoseisover200,add1extraunit.Alwayscheckbeforeinjecting.Patient:Whataboutexercise?Ilikewalking,butsometimesIgetshakyafterward.Nurse:Hypoglycemiacanhappenifyouexerciseaftertakinginsulinwithouteating.Havea15-gramsnack(likeasmallapple)beforeexercising,andcarryglucosetabletsincase.Checkyoursugarbeforeandafter.Patient:Ialsohavetroublewithmyfeet—theyfeelnumb.Nurse:Numbnessisasignofdiabeticneuropathy.Inspectyourfeetdailyforcutsorsores,wearwell-fittingshoes,andavoidgoingbarefoot.Ifyounoticeanyulcers,comeinimmediately.Patient:Gotit.WhenshouldIcallthedoctor?Nurse:Ifyourbloodsugaris>300mg/dLfor2readings,orifyouhavesymptomslikevomiting,shortnessofbreath,orfruitybreath—thosecouldbesignsofketoacidosis.Q11.Whenshouldthepatienttestpost-mealbloodglucose?A.30minutesaftermealsB.1houraftermealsC.2hoursaftermealsD.3hoursaftermeals答案：CQ12.Howmuchrapid-actinginsulinshouldthepatienttakefor30gramsofcarbs?A.1unitB.2unitsC.3unitsD.4units答案：BQ13.Whydoesthenurseadviseasnackbeforeexercise?A.TopreventhyperglycemiaB.TopreventhypoglycemiaC.ToimproveinsulinabsorptionD.Toenhanceexerciseperformance答案：BQ14.Whatisasymptomofdiabeticneuropathymentioned?A.FootnumbnessB.FootswellingC.FootrednessD.Footitching答案：AQ15.Whichsymptomindicatespossibleketoacidosis?A.ShakyhandsB.FruitybreathC.StomachcrampsD.Blurredvision答案：BSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear2shortpassages.Eachpassagewillbespokentwice.Aftereachpassage,youwillhear5questions.ReadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Passage1:Goodmorning,medicalstudents.Today’stopicisstrokerecognitionandimmediatecare.Strokeisamedicalemergencycausedbyinterruptedbloodflowtothebrain,eitherduetoablockage(ischemicstroke)orbleeding(hemorrhagicstroke).Timeiscritical—everyminute,1.9millionbraincellsdie.TheFASTacronymhelpswithrecognition:Facedrooping:Askthepersontosmile.Doesonesidedroop?Armweakness:Asktoraisebotharms.Doesonearmdriftdown?Speechdifficulty:Isspeechslurredorhardtounderstand?Timetocall120:Ifanysymptoms,callemergencyservicesimmediately.Donotwaitforsymptomstoresolve.Eveniftheydisappear,itcouldbeatransientischemicattack(TIA),awarningsignofanimpendingstroke.Atthehospital,forischemicstrokes(87%ofcases),thrombolytictherapy(tPA)candissolveclotsifgivenwithin4.5hoursofsymptomonset.Mechanicalthrombectomymaybeusedforlargevesselocclusionswithin6-24hours,dependingonimaging.Forhemorrhagicstrokes,managementfocusesoncontrollingbloodpressure,reducingintracranialpressure,andstoppingbleeding.Remember:"ActF.A.S.T.andsavealife."Q16.Whatpercentageofstrokesareischemic?A.50%B.67%C.87%D.95%答案：CQ17.Whatdoes"F"inFASTstandfor?A.FacialexpressionB.FacedroopingC.FootweaknessD.Fatigue答案：BQ18.WhatshouldbedoneifTIAsymptomsoccur?A.WaitforthemtoresolveB.CallemergencyservicesC.TakeaspirinimmediatelyD.Restfor24hours答案：BQ19.WhatisthetimewindowfortPAadministrationinischemicstroke?A.1hourB.3hoursC.4.5hoursD.6hours答案：CQ20.Whatistheprimarytreatmentfocusforhemorrhagicstroke?A.ThrombolysisB.BloodpressurecontrolC.MechanicalthrombectomyD.Cholesterolmanagement答案：BPassage2:Influenza,or"flu,"isacontagiousrespiratoryillnesscausedbyinfluenzaviruses.Itdiffersfromthecommoncold—flusymptomsaremoresevere,includinghighfever,bodyaches,headache,andfatigue.Somepeoplemayhavevomitinganddiarrhea,especiallychildren.Annualvaccinationisthebestwaytopreventflu.Thefluvaccineisupdatedeachyeartomatchcirculatingviruses.Ittakesabout2weeksaftervaccinationforantibodiestodevelop.Evenifvaccinated,youmightstillgetflu,butsymptomsareusuallymilder.Otherpreventivemeasuresincludehandwashingwithsoapandwater(20seconds),usinghandsanitizer(≥60%alcohol),avoidingclosecontactwithsickpeople,andstayinghomewhensick.Ifyougetflu,antiviraldrugslikeoseltamivir(Tamiflu)canreduceseverityanddurationifstartedwithin48hoursofsymptom