外研版 八上 英语 Unit 2 课时3 Understanding IdeasGrammar（课件）

Unit2Gettingalong外研版

八年级上册英语（Grammar）目录Contents01020304Lead-in

PresentationProduction

Exercise01Lead-in

Lead-in(a)TheGianthasbeenawayforalongtime.(b)Sincethen,hehasn'tseenachildthere.Nowfindmoresentenceswiththesestructuresinthereadingpassage.Readthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandsummarisethegrammarrules.现在完成时have/had/has+done

Lead-in1.Wehavebeenfriends

Grade3.2.Theyhavebeentogether

threeyears.3.

lastyear,we'vesharedalotofhappymoments.Completethesentenceswithfororsince.sinceforsince含有since或for的现在完成时02Presentation

Presentation含有since或for的现在完成时since其后接过去某一“时间点”“时间段+ago”或从句(一般过去时)，表示动作或状态从过去的某个时间点开始since+过去某一时间点①两者均可用于完成时态;在陈述句中，与其搭配的动词必须是延续性动词②“since+过去某一时间点”可以和“for+一段时间”进行转换③对since/for构成的表示时间段的短语或句子提问应用howlongsince+一段时间+agosince+从句(一般过去时)Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子for其后接表示“一段时间”的名词短语for+一段时间

Presentation▶Ithasbeentenyearssincewemetlasttime.

自从我们上次见面以来已经10年了。▶MrGreenhaslivedinShanghaisince1999.

格林先生自从1999年以来就住在上海。▶IhavetaughtEnglishsincetwelveyearsago.=IhavetaughtEnglishfortwelveyears.

我自从12年前就教英语。

Presentation延续性动词表示的是能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响如:work,keep,walk,wait,live,stay,know等可以与表示时间段的状语连用，如:for+时间段,since+时间点/从句等非延续性动词表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束或产生某种结果。如:open，borrow,come,g0,finish,close,buy等非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如:threemonthsago,at4o'clock延续性动词与非延续性动词

Presentation延续性动词与非延续性动词①非延续性动词转化为延续性动词，如:buy→have,borrow→keep。

Myfatherboughtthecarthreeyearsago.

→Myfatherhashadthecarforthreeyears.

我父亲买这辆小汽车3年了。②非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词/副词”,如:leave

→beaway(from),open

→beopen,close→beclosed,die→bedeadbegin/start→beon,finish/end

→beoverHelefthishometownlastyear.>\

→Hehasbeenawayfromhishometownsincelastyear他去年离开了家乡。

Thecatdiedaweekago.

→Thecathasbeendeadforaweek.这只猫死了一个星期了。

Presentation延续性动词与非延续性动词③非延续性动词转化为“be+介词(短语)”或“be+名词”,如:come/go/join/arrive→bein/atjointhearmy→beasoldierJimcametoChinatenyearsago.

→JimhasbeeninChinafortenyears.吉姆来中国10年了。

Presentation现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时动作完成强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响,常与just,already,yet等词连用，谓语动词用非延续性动词强调到现在为止的生活经历，常与never,ever,once:twice等词连用，谓语动词用延续性动词动作未完成表示动作或状态从过去延续到现在，并可能继续发生，常与for/since引导的时间状语连用，谓语动词为延续性动词一般过去时动作已结束表示过去某时间点或某时间段内发生的动作，常与过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,lastyear,in2014等表示过去的习惯性动作，可与频度副词搭配使用03Production

ProductionCompletethenewsarticlewithfor,sinceandthecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.Mostpeoplehopetoreceivebirthdaygifts,ButjimmyTeng,or“UncleJimmy",doesthingsdifferentlyThe74-year-oldhassoldicecreams

thepast17yearsinSingaporeEveryyear,on22March-hisbirthday-he

(offer)freeicecreams.Hehasdonethis

his70thbirthday.Thisyear,UncleJimmyplanstogiveaway800icecreams."People

(be)quitestressedrecentlyandlwanttohelp,"hesaid."Sharinghasmademefeelhappy

thepastfouryears.sinceofferssinceisfor

ProductionCompletethenewsarticlewithfor,sinceandthecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.He

(enjoy)talkingwithhiscustomers.Manyofthemhavebecomehisfriends

theyfirstmet.Somestudentshelpedhimsetupsocialmediapages.Hehasmademanyfriendsonline

then.sinceenjoyssince

ProductionWorkinpairs.Discussyourexperienceofsharing.UsethewordsfromthereadingpassageandtheUsefulexpressionstohelpyou.1.Whendidithappen?2.Whathappened?3.Howdidyoufeelaboutit?4.Whathaveyoulearntfromit?>Usefulexpressions▶haveshared...with...for/since...▶Sharingreallybrings...▶Sharinghasallowed/shown/taughtme...▶Oneday,...▶Howdoessharingmakeyoufeel?▶ltmakesmefeel...04Exercise

Exercise一、单项选择题。1.Tobuildabigshoppingcentre,theydecidedto

thatoldbuilding.A.pickupB.writedownC.knockdownD.wakeup2.Withitsfamousmountains,lakes,andtowns,Chinahassomuchto

visitorsaroundtheworld.A.missB.offerC.leaveD.protect3.Iadviseyounottoshowanything

ontheInternetbecauseitmaybringyouproblems.A.personalB.interestingC.differentD.difficultCBA

Exercise4.There'sa

inoneofmyshoes.Canyoubuyanewpairforme?A.zeroB.holeC.keyD.break5.It'ssadtoknowthatthesingerdied,buthersweet

willberememberedbytheworld.A.noiseB.voiceC.soundD.shout6.ThefamoustabletennisplayerWangChuqin

8men'ssingleschampionshipsinWTTeventssince2022.A.wonB.haswonC.winsD.winBBB

Exercise7.WhyareyoulookingforMayinahurry?Thebossiswonderingwhereshe

andhowlongshe

there.A.hasbeen;hasbeenB.hasgone;hasgoneC.hasbeenhasgoneD.hasgone;hasbeen8.HowlonghasMr.White

Joan?Iamnotsure.Maybetheygotmarriedfiveyearsago.A.marriedB.gotmarriedtoC.beenmarriedwithD.beenmarriedtoDD

Exercise9.Halfanhour

sincethetrain

A.haspassed;leftB.haspassed;hasleftC.passed;hasleftD.passed;left10.Theshopowner

stoppedtalkingandhismouthwaswideopenlikeabig"O".Itwasthepresident!A.luckilyB.suddenlyC.politelyD.recentlyAB

Exercise二、短文填空。ThereisanoldsayingthatsayswheninRome（罗马），doastheRomansdo.IlearnedthemeaningofthiswhenIstayedinRussia(1)

anexchangeteacher.OnedayIinvitedsomeofmyChinesefriendstoafamouslocal(2)

inMoscow.My(3)

andIwereexcitedfromsightseeingandhappyaboutourmeeting.Wehadalivelychatuntilthewaitertoldmethatwewerebeingtoo（4）

．Welowered（降低）ourvoices.Butthisdidn'tlastlong.Thewaiter

(5)

overtoustwomoretimeswiththesamemessage.

badanimpression（印象）wemusthaveleftonthelocalpeople!InChina,it'snaturalandimportantforahosttomakealivelyatmosphere（气氛）．