浙江省宁波市镇海区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）

第第页浙江省宁波市镇海区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读理解。Summeriscoming!Howcanwestaysafeintheextremeheat(极端高温)?Hereissomeinformationforyou.1．Whichofthefollowingisaproperwaytofaceextremeheat?A．Aworkerwearsdark-coloredclotheswhenworkingoutside.B．Adisabledpersonfeelshotanddrinkslittlewater.C．Achilddrinksjuicewithtoomuchsugarwhenhefeelshot.D．Anoldpersonstayscoolinanair-conditionedplace.2．Whichpicturecanbestshowtherelationshipbetweentimeandthetemperatureinacar?A． B．C． D．3．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．Health B．Trade C．Culture D．SportsOliverwasbroughtupintheworkhousewhereonlythepoorandhomelesslived.Hewaspale,thinandshortforhisage.Theroomintheworkhousewheretheboyseatmealswasalargestonehall.Theyeatabowlofthinsoupthreetimesaday,withapieceofbreadonSundays.Theboyswerealwayshungryandateeverythingup.Thebowlsneverneededwashing.Theboyspolished(擦亮)themwiththeirspoonsuntiltheyshone.Afterthreemonthsofhunger,oneoftheboystoldtheothershewassohungrythatonenighthemighteattheboywhosleptnexttohim.Hiswildhungryeyesmadetheotherboysafraidandthenbelievedhim.Afteralongdiscussion,theydecidedthatoneofthemshouldaskformorefoodaftersupperthatevening,andOliverchosetogo.Theeveningarrived,thesoupwasserved,andthebowlswereemptyagaininafewseconds.Oliverwentuptothemaster(主人),withhisbowlinhishand.Hefeltveryscared,butalsodesperate(渴望的)withhunger."Please,sir,Iwantsomemore."Themasterwasafat,healthyman,butheturnedangry."What?"heaskedatlast,inasurprisingvoice."Please,sir,"repliedOliver,"Wouldyoupleasegivememore?Iwantsomemore."Themasterhithimwiththespoonheavily,thentookOliver'sarmsandshoutedtotelltheboard(理事)."Heaskedformore?"MrLimbkins,thefattestboardmember,askedinhorror."Isthisreallytrue?""Thatboywillbehanged(被绞死)inthefuture!"saidanotherboardmember."YouwillseeifIamright."Oliverwasthenledawaytobelockedupinadarkroom.———adaptedfromOliverTwist4．Whydidn'ttheboys'bowlsneedwashing?A．Becausetheyneededtosavewater.B．Becausetheyusedtheforktocleanthem.C．Becausetheywerehungryandatemealsup.D．Becausetheywereusedtothedirtybowls.5．WhatisOliverTwistlikeaccordingtothepassage?A．Braveandpolite. B．Talentedandcreative.C．Politeandshy. D．Lonelyandstupid.6．WhatdidthemasterdowhenOliveraskedformorefood?A．Hewassurprisedtoknowthatkidswerehungry.B．HewassurprisedtofindthatheknewOliverbefore.C．Hewassoangrythatheonlygavehimalittlefood.D．HewassoangrythathehitOliverheavily.7．WhichoftheChinesesentencescanbestdescribethestory?A．纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。B．朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨。C．少年易老学难成，一寸光阴不可轻。D．会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。①Nowadays,manypeopleworryaboutexcessive(过度的)competitions,or"ratrace",cannolongergivethemabetterlife.Sosomehavegottheideaof"lyingflat"(躺平).Theythinkitisawaytoreducethepressureofmodernlife.②"Ratrace",theexcessivecompetitions,happensineverypartoflife.Parentsarestressedtooffertheirkidsthebest;Kidsmustkeepupintheeducationalratrace;Officeworkershavetoworkformorethan10hoursaday.Peoplemayhavetoworkreallyhardtomakemoremoneyorachievemoregoals(目标).Itleadstomoreworriesandunhappiness.③However,underthepressureofthesociety,somepeopledecidetostopachievingtheirgoalssuchasbuyingahouse,gettinggoodgrades,gettingintothebestschoolandsoon.Thissituationcanbecalled"lyingflat".Thosepeoplelosetheirlovetoworkandstudy.Besides,theydon'twanttoacceptnewthingsandcan'tkeepupwiththetime.Theywillbeupsetandevendon'tbelievethemselves.④Neither"ratrace"nor"lyingflat"iswelcomed.Instead,weshouldhaveabalanced(平衡的)lifestyleandachieveourdreamswithpropercompetitions.Propercompetitionshappenwhenwecompetehealthily—inawaythatbringsoutthebestinus.Inthisway,wewon'tbeinexcessivecompetitionsorlivealifewithoutprogress.8．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"reduce"?A．增加 B．减少 C．保持 D．导致9．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"ratrace"?A．Manypeopledon'twanttoacceptnewthings.B．Manypeopleonlyacceptpropercompetitionsinworkorstudy.C．Officeworkershavetoworkformorethan10hoursaday.D．Parentsaren'tstressedtogettheirkidsintothebestschools.10．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Ratracehardlycausesworriesandunhappiness.B．Excessivecompetitionsonlyhappenatschool.C．Peopletrulylovetheirworkinthesituationof"lyingflat".D．Propercompetitionscanbringoutthebestinus.11．Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A． B．C． D．DoesMickeyMousewearshortsorsuspenderpants(背带裤)?Manypeoplebelieveit'ssuspenderpants.Buttheanswerisshorts.IstheendofPikachu'stailblackoryellow?Manypeoplebelieveit'sblack.Butit'snot.Itiscalledthe"MandelaEffect(曼德拉效应)".USwriterFionaBroomecreatedthisterm(术语)in2009.Thatyear,shefoundthatmanypeoplebelievedformerSouthAfricanpresidentNelsonMandelahaddiedinthe1980s.However,it'sfalse(错误的).Mandelawasstillalivethen.Hediedin2013.Itshowshowunreliable(不可靠的)ourmemorycanbe.WhatcausesMandelaEffect?Manystudieshaveshownthat"feelingsure"aboutamemoryhasnothingtodowiththefacts.Whatwe▲changeourmemoryInonestudy,scientistsatCornellUniversity,US,toldcollegestudentsastoryaboutaman.Hewalkedoutwithoutpayingthebill.Thefirstgroupwastoldthattheman"likedtosteal".Thesecondgroupwastoldthatheleftbecausehegotaphonecall.Oneweeklater,thefirstgrouprememberedaFunTestsoftheMandelaEffecthigherbill—10to25%morethanthemoneyactuallywas.Thesecondgrouprememberedalowerbill.Thestudyshowedthathowweexpectorbelievethingstohappencanchangeourmemories.WhatweimaginechangeourmemoryInanotherstudy,peoplewatchedafilmandwereasked:"Howfastwasthewhitecargoingwhenitpassedthebarn(谷仓)?"Actuallytherewasnobarninthefilm.Butabout20percentofthestudentssaidtheyhadseenit.Partsofthebrainforactuallyseeinganobjectandimagininganobjectoverlap(重叠).Soimaginationcouldleaveamemorytrace(痕迹)inthebrain.12．Whatdoes"MandelaEffect"mean?A．SomeonethoughtMandeladiedinthe1980sbutit'snot.B．Alargenumberofpeoplesharethesamefalsememory.C．Ourmemorieswerecompletelychangedastimewentby.D．Itisdifficulttorememberthecartooncharacterscorrectly.13．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin"Whatwe▲changeourmemory"?A．believe B．imagine C．spend D．listen14．Whatcanwelearnfromthesetwostudies?A．Feelingsureaboutamemorymusthavesomethingtodowiththefacts.B．Thirtypercentofthestudentsrememberedseeingabarninthefilm.C．Whatpeopleimaginecouldleaveamemorytraceinthebrain.D．Thegroupthatbelievedthemanliketostealrememberalowerbill.15．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．SomethingaboutMickeyMouse B．FunTestsofMandelaEffectC．BestWaystoChangeMemories D．TheCauseofMandelaEffect二、第二节任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）人工智能技术AI已经成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的辅助工具。然而，不恰当的提问方式有时会引出啼笑皆非的回应。请阅读以下张华和人工智能的聊天记录，并学习和总结如何正确地向人工智能系统求助。AIrobotZhangHuaHi,I'mAIrobot!Nicetomeetyou!Youcanaskmeanyquestion!Tellmeaboutthehistory.It'sasubjectstartingfromtheearliesthumancivilizationstothemoderntime.Youdidn'tunderstandme.Canyoutellmewhatgoodbooksare?Choosingagoodbookcandependonyourinterests.Youdidn'tgetme.Allright,tellmeabouttheweather.Icanexplainhowweatherworks.Canyoureallyunderstandme?I'mconfused(困惑的).It'sokaytofeelconfusedsometimes.Whycan'tIgetmyanswer!请将以下标题填入短文中合适的位置。16．17．✖"Tellmeaboutthehistory"✔"PleasedescribethecausesofWorldWarⅡspecifically(具体地)."18．✖"Whataregoodbooks?"✔"I'minterestedinreadingsciencefictionnovelswithafocusonAI.Iwouldliketoknowsomegoodbooksofthiskind.I'mreallyinterestedinthem."19．✖"Tellmeabouttheweather."✔"Tellmea5-dayweatherforecast(预报)ofNingbo,butIonlywanttoknowthetemperature.Idon'twanttoknowtheprecipitation(降水)."20．✖"I'mconfused."✔"I'mconfusedabouthowtouseAIrobot.Couldyouexplainhowtouseit?Howtoaskquestions?CanIbelieveyouallthetime?"A.HowtocommunicatewithAIrobot?B.ImprovespokenEnglish!C.Describespecifically.D.Showyourinterests.E.Narrow(缩小)informationcircle.F.Askmorequestions.三、第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Lily,acheerfuleighth-grader,wentshoppingwithhermomandboughtsomesnackstoprepareforherschool'syearlypicnic.Thenextmorning,shepackedherbackpackwith21．,games,andanewcameragiftedbyhergrandmother.Asshewasabouttoleave,sherealizedher22．wasmissing.Feelingscared,she23．searchedeveryplace,makinghertidyroominamess.24．eachpassingminute,shebecamesadderandsadder.Justwhenshewasaboutto25．,herfatherappeared,feelingherunhappiness.He26．suggestedtheythinkaboutwhereshehadbeen.Theywentthroughherroutine(路线)fromdoinghomeworkatthediningtablelastnightto27．theirdoginthebackyard.There,insidethegrass,laythekey.Lilysaidsorryforheractions28．thankedherfatherforhishelp.He29．andsaid,"Lily,lifeis30．oursearchforthekey.Whenfacedwithaproblem,don'tbe31．orinahurry.Takeadeepbreath,staycalm,andcarefully32．whathashappened.33．,theanswerliesinrecallingourstepsandpayingattentiontodetails."This34．taughtLilyagreatlifelesson:inthefaceofdifficulties,patience,carefulthinking,andacalmbehaviorcansolveeventhemostdifficultproblemsandgivepeople35．.Fromthatdayon,Lilymanagedchallengesinthisnewway,rememberingthelostkeythatledhertosuccess.21．A．snacks B．works C．shoes D．bags22．A．game B．camera C．key D．backpack23．A．happily B．excitedly C．nervously D．angrily24．A．In B．After C．Before D．With25．A．cry B．run C．smile D．sit26．A．loudly B．worriedly C．calmly D．sadly27．A．cuttingup B．playingwith C．lookingup D．turninginto28．A．but B．and C．or D．so29．A．cried B．shouted C．shook D．smiled30．A．about B．like C．inside D．as31．A．scared B．excited C．interested D．bored32．A．lookafter B．pickup C．takeout D．thinkabout33．A．Never B．Hardly C．Often D．Once34．A．resolution B．experience C．match D．picnic35．A．satisfaction B．kindness C．hope D．key四、第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（不超过三个单词）。Oneday,twoboyswerefighting36．(bad).Theybothwantedtogetthetrainandrailwayset.Theirfathersawthis,pulledthemapart,andsaid,"Mylittlesons,you37．(read)alotofstoriesaboutanimalssinceyouwereborn.Didyouknowhowhunters(猎人)38．(catch)monkeysinthepast?Theywouldplace39．glassjar(罐子)withasmallneckontheground.Then,insidethejar,theywouldputthe40．(monkey)favoritefood.""Whenamonkeyfoundthejar,"thefathersaid,"itwouldreachinside,takethefood,andtrytogetitout.41．,thesmallneckofthejarstoppedthemonkeyfromgettingitshandout.Itcouldn'tgetoutwithoutgivingupthefood.""Nomatter42．hardthemonkeytried,"thefathercontinued,"itcouldn'tfreeitshandwiththefoodinit.Butdoyouknowwhathappenednext?"The43．(child)askedtogether,"What?"Thefatherreplied,"Themonkeyalwaysrefusedtoletgo.Itheldontothefood,nevergivingup.Thenthehunterscameoverandgotthemonkeywith44．(excite).""So,mylittlesons,rememberthisstory.Inlife,youmustbewise.Knowwhentogiveup,whentomoveon,andwhentoletgooffwhateverisholdingyouback.Justlikethemonkey,it'sbetter45．(give)upandfindabetterwaytoreachyourdreams."五、第一节词汇运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。developmostlytalkthousandprovideInthepast,thepowerofChineseemperorsroseandfellwiththeircontroloftheGrandCanal(大运河).TheGrandCanalplaysanimportantpartintransportation.For46．ofyears,boatscontinuetocarrylotsofthingsalongit.Thoughthiswaterwayisshorterthanbefore,it47．animportantlink(联系)formodernChina.Butthe48．causedsomeproblems.Forexample,peopleusedto49．aboutdifferentbeautifulscenery(风景)ofthecitiesalongthecanal,butnowmanycitiesare50．thesame:athousandpeoplewithoneface.阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思或者首字母提示填空。（每空一词）。WhenpeoplethinkoftheriversinChina,theythinkofChangJiang.ItsChinesename"ChangJiang"m51．"longriver".Itisfamousallovertheworld,52．(尤其)foritslength.Itis6300km,anditisthelongestriverinChina.Anditisalsothet53．longestoneintheworld.ThewaterinChangJiangstartsfromTanggulaMountainsinw54．ChinaandflowsintotheEastChinaSea.Theriverisoneofthebusiestintheworldanditisalwaysf55．ofshipsandboats.ChangJiangmakesthelandrich.Thisiswhythe56．(古老的)Chinesepeopleliveandfarmalongtheriverinordertoproducefoodfor57．(他们自己)andanimals.Theriverbecameanimportantsourceofwaterandwaystotravel.Nowmorethan50bridgesareabovethisriveranditishometomanydifferentkindsofanimals.It58．(包括)theChinesealligator(扬子江鳄)andtheChinesepaddlefish(中华鳍刀鲟).However,thesespeciesare59．(濒危的)becauseofriverpollutionandhightrafficlevels.Luckily,ChinesepeopleandtheChinesegovernmenthavemadeadifferencetothep60．oftheseanimals.六、第二节书面表达（共1小题，满分20分）61．假如你叫李华，为了庆祝即将到来的建党103周年，让学生铭记历史、珍惜当下、展望未来，你校将开展"赤心向党庆华诞，百年筑梦启新程"的活动。现在校公众号正面向广大学生征集活动金点子。请你根据以下内容要点，写一写你的活动建议，并说明理由。注意：（1）短文必须包括所有要点，并适当发挥；（2）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；（3）词数：80词左右。参考词汇：celebratev.庆祝inmemoryof为了纪念Dearteachers,The103rdanniversaryofthefoundingofCPCiscoming.It'sagreatchancetohonorourhistoryandcherishourpresent.Isuggestsomeactivitiestocelebrateit.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文讲述了极端高温的相关信息，包括极端高温的定义、易受影响人群，以及应对极端高温的方法（如合理饮水、待在空调房、合适着装等）和车内温度随时间变化情况。

【点评】考查阅读理解。做阅读理解，要仔细研读文本内容，对于细节理解题，精准定位关键信息判断；推理判断题需分析数据等逻辑关系；文章出处题结合主题判断所属板块，注重对文本细节和主旨的把握。1．细节理解题。文中提到应对极端高温的方式有"Drinkenoughwater.Don'tdrinkjuicewithtoomuchsugar.Staycoolinanair-conditionedplace.Wearlightandlight-coloredclothes.Don'tweartight(紧的)clothes."。可知，A选项"穿深色衣服"、B选项"残疾人喝水少"、C选项"孩子喝高糖果汁"都不符合，D选项"老人待在空调房"符合，故选D。2．推理判断题。根据"Outsidetemperature27℃，20minutes时Inside43℃，40minutes时Inside48℃，60minutes时Inside51℃"，随着时间增加，车内温度逐渐上升。可知，C图符合时间和车内温度的关系，故选C。3．文章出处题。文章围绕极端高温下如何保障安全（如健康饮水、环境、着装等）展开，与健康相关。可知，可能在杂志的健康（Health）板块读到，故选A。【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Oliver在济贫院的经历，男孩们长期饥饿，Oliver因请求更多食物被主人打骂，反映出济贫院的残酷与贫富差距。

【点评】考查阅读理解。做阅读理解，要精读文本，细节题精准定位关键句；推理题结合情节、人物言行推断；还要积累文化常识辅助理解，通过抓关键信息、分析逻辑解题。4．细节理解题。根据"Theboyswerealwayshungryandateeverythingup.Thebowlsneverneededwashing."可知，因为男孩们饥饿把食物吃光，所以碗不用洗，故选C。5．推理判断题。Oliver在饥饿难耐且害怕的情况下，仍鼓起勇气向主人请求更多食物，说"Please,sir,Iwantsomemore."，体现出他勇敢又有礼貌。可知，Oliver勇敢且礼貌，故选A。6．细节理解题。根据"Themasterhithimwiththespoonheavily,thentookOliver'sarmsandshoutedtotelltheboard(理事)."可知，主人因Oliver要更多食物很生气，重重打了他，故选D。7．推理判断题。文章展现了济贫院里男孩们饥饿贫穷，而主人等饱食无忧的反差，"朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨"体现贫富悬殊，与之契合。可知，B选项能描述这个故事，故选B。【答案】8．B9．C10．D11．D【解析】【分析】本文讲述了现代社会的"老鼠赛跑"（过度竞争）和"躺平"现象，分析二者弊端，提出应采取平衡生活方式，以恰当竞争实现梦想。

【点评】做阅读理解，词义猜测题结合语境推断；细节题精准定位关键句；文章结构题梳理段落逻辑，把握总分总等结构特点，通过分析内容、理清逻辑解题。8．词义猜测题。根据"Sosomehavegottheideaof'lyingflat'(躺平).Theythinkitisawaytoreducethepressureofmodernlife."（人们认为躺平能减轻现代生活压力，结合语境可推测"reduce"是"减少"意思）可知，"reduce"意为"减少"，故选B。9．细节理解题。根据"‘Ratrace',theexcessivecompetitions,happensineverypartoflife...Officeworkershavetoworkformorethan10hoursaday."可知，C选项是"老鼠赛跑"（过度竞争）的例子，故选C。10．细节理解题。"Propercompetitionshappenwhenwecompetehealthily—inawaythatbringsoutthebestinus."可知，D选项表述正确，故选D。11．文章结构题。①段引出"老鼠赛跑"（过度竞争）和"躺平"现象；②段讲"老鼠赛跑"（过度竞争）；③段讲"躺平"；④段提出平衡生活方式和恰当竞争的观点。是总分总结构，对应D选项。可知，文章结构为D选项所示，故选D。【答案】12．B13．A14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了"曼德拉效应"，通过米老鼠、皮卡丘的例子引出，说明其是大量人共享错误记忆的现象，还从人们相信的事和想象两方面阐述其成因。

【点评】考查阅读理解。做阅读理解，词义猜测题结合事例和语境理解；推理题依据段落内容推断；细节题精准找关键句；文章大意题梳理全文逻辑，把握核心内容，通过分析文本、提取关键信息解题。12．词义猜测题。文中举例很多人对米老鼠穿着、皮卡丘尾巴颜色有错误记忆，还有对曼德拉去世时间的错误记忆，"Itshowshowunreliable(不可靠的)ourmemorycanbe."，说明"MandelaEffect"是指很多人共享相同的错误记忆。可知，"MandelaEffect"意为大量人有相同的错误记忆，故选B。13．推理判断题。该部分研究提到"Thestudyshowedthathowweexpectorbelievethingstohappencanchangeourmemories."，即我们相信的事会改变记忆，所以填"believe"。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据"Partsofthebrainforactuallyseeinganobjectandimagininganobjectoverlap(重叠).Soimaginationcouldleaveamemorytrace(痕迹)inthebrain."可知，C选项正确，故选C。15．文章大意题。文章先介绍"MandelaEffect"现象，接着从"Whatwebelievechangeourmemory""Whatweimaginechangeourmemory"两方面讲其成因。可知，文章主要讲"MandelaEffect"的成因，故选D。【答案】16．A；17．C；18．D；19．E；20．F【解析】【分析】选项翻译：

A.HowtocommunicatewithAIrobot?如何与人工智能机器人交流？

B.ImprovespokenEnglish!提高英语口语！

C.Describespecifically.具体描述。

D.Showyourinterests.表明你的兴趣。

E.Narrow(缩小)informationcircle.缩小信息范围。

F.Askmorequestions.问更多问题。

通过张华与人工智能机器人的聊天记录，展示不恰当提问出现的问题，进而总结出向人工智能系统正确求助的方法，如具体描述、表明兴趣、缩小信息范围、多问具体问题等。

【点评】考查标题匹配类阅读理解，解题需分析每组提问的差异（宽泛与具体合理提问），理解选项含义，将标题与对应的提问方式总结相匹配，要关注对沟通逻辑和需求明确性的理解。16．根据文章整体围绕张华与人工智能聊天，探讨如何正确向人工智能系统求助，也就是如何和人工智能机器人交流，选项A"如何与人工智能机器人交流？"符合语境，是对全文内容的总起，故选A。17．对比"Tellmeaboutthehistory"（表述宽泛）和"PleasedescribethecausesofWorldWarIIspecifically(具体地)."（具体描述二战起因），可知强调向人工智能提问时要具体描述，选项C"具体描述。"符合语境，故选C。18．对比"Whataregoodbooks?"（宽泛）和"I'minterestedinreadingsciencefictionnovelswithafocusonAI.Iwouldliketoknowsomegoodbooksofthiskind.I'mreallyinterestedinthem."（表明自己对聚焦人工智能的科幻小说感兴趣，再求推荐），可知强调要表明兴趣，选项D"表明你的兴趣。"符合语境，故选D。19．对比"Tellmeabouttheweather."（宽泛）和"Tellmea5-dayweatherforecast(预报)ofNingbo,butIonlywanttoknowthetemperature.Idon'twanttoknowtheprecipitation(降水)."（缩小范围，只关注宁波5天天气预报中的温度，不要降水信息），可知强调缩小信息范围，选项E"缩小信息范围。"符合语境，故选E。20．对比"I'mconfused."（宽泛）和"I'mconfusedabouthowtouseAIrobot.Couldyouexplainhowtouseit?Howtoaskquestions?CanIbelieveyouallthetime?"（提出多个具体困惑的问题），可知强调要问更多具体问题，选项F"问更多问题。"符合语境，故选F。【答案】21．A；22．C；23．C；24．D；25．A；26．C；27．B；28．B；29．D；30．B；31．A；32．D；33．C；34．B；35．C【解析】【分析】本文讲述了莉莉准备学校野餐时丢失钥匙，焦急寻找后在爸爸帮助下找回，爸爸借此教导她面对问题要冷静思考，这次经历让莉莉学会用耐心和冷静应对困难的故事。

【点评】考查完形填空，注意关注上下文情节关联（如丢钥匙与找回钥匙的情节呼应）、词汇在语境中的情感与逻辑适配性（不同副词体现的情绪、动词短语表意），通过梳理事件发展和人物情感变化，结合固定搭配（如"witheachpassingminute"）来准确解题。21．句意：第二天早上，她把背包装满了零食、游戏和奶奶送的新照相机。snacks零食；works作品；shoes鞋子；bags包。根据上文"boughtsomesnackstoprepareforherschool'syearlypicnic"可知，莉莉为学校的年度野餐准备了零食。故选A。22．句意：当她准备离开时，她意识到她的钥匙丢失了。game游戏；camera照相机；key钥匙；backpack背包。根据下文"There,insidethegrass,laythekey."可知，莉莉发现钥匙丢失了。故选C。23．句意：感到很害怕，她紧张地搜索每一个地方，把她整洁的房间弄得乱七八糟。happily开心地；excitedly兴奋地；nervously紧张地；angrily生气地。根据上文"Feelingscared"可知，发现钥匙丢失后，莉莉很害怕，因而是紧张地搜索每一个地方。故选C。24．句意：随着每一分钟的流逝，她变得越来越难过。In在……里面；After在……之后；Before在……之前；With随着。根据"...eachpassingminute,shebecamesadderandsadder"可知，此处指随着时间的推移，找不到钥匙的莉莉越来越难过。故选D。25．句意：就在她快要哭的时候，她爸爸出现了，爸爸感受到了她的不快乐。cry哭；run跑；smile微笑；sit坐。根据"feelingherunhappiness"可知，莉莉一直找不到钥匙，难过地要哭了。故选A。26．句意：他冷静地建议他们想想她去过哪里。loudly大声地；worriedly担心地；calmly冷静地；sadly悲伤地。根据"suggestedtheythinkaboutwhereshehadbeen"可知，此处指父亲冷静地提出建议，故选C。27．句意：他们经历了一遍她的日常路线，从昨晚在餐桌旁做作业到在后院和他们的狗玩耍。cuttingup切碎；playingwith和……玩耍；lookingup向上看；turninginto变成。根据"theirdoginthebackyard"可知，此处指在后院和狗玩耍。故选B。28．句意：莉莉为她的行为道歉，并且感谢父亲的帮助。but但是；and并且；or或者；so所以。横线前后句是并列关系，莉莉感到抱歉，并且向父亲表达感谢。故选B。29．句意：他笑了，并说道："莉莉，生活像我们寻找钥匙一样。"cried哭；shouted喊叫；shook摇晃；smiled微笑。根据上文"Lilysaidsorryforheractions...thankedherfatherforhishelp"可知，父亲对莉莉认识到错误感到欣慰，因此父亲笑了笑。故选D。30．句意：莉莉，生活像我们寻找钥匙一样。about关于；like介词，像；inside在里面；as介词，作为；连词，正如。"belike"是"像……"的意思，用于比喻生活和找钥匙的相似性。故选B。31．句意：当面对问题时，不要害怕或者匆匆忙忙。scared害怕的；excited兴奋的；interested感兴趣的；bored无聊的。根据"Takeadeepbreath,staycalm"可知，父亲建议遇到问题时不要慌张，不要害怕，要深呼吸保持冷静。故选A。32．句意：深呼吸，保持冷静，并仔细考虑发生了什么。lookafter照顾；pickup捡起；takeout取出；thinkabout思考。根据下句"theanswerliesinrecallingourstepsandpayingattentiontodetails"可知，父亲建议面对问题时，应该冷静思考发生了什么。故选D。33．句意：通常，答案在于回忆我们的步骤，并关注细节。Never从不；Hardly几乎不；Often经常；Once一旦。这里讲解决问题的一般规律，"Often"表"通常情况下"，符合语境故选C。34．句意：这个经历教会了莉莉一个重要的生活教训：面对困难时，耐心、仔细思考和冷静的行为方式甚至能够解决最困难的问题，并给人们带来希望。resolution决心；experience经历；match比赛；picnic野餐。此处指代丢失钥匙的经历，这次经历教会了莉莉一个生活教训。故选B。35．句意：这个经历教会了莉莉一个重要的生活教训：面对困难时，耐心、仔细思考和冷静的行为方式甚至能够解决最困难的问题，并给人们带来希望。satisfaction满意；kindness友善；hope希望；key关键。根据"patience,carefulthinking,andacalmbehavior"可知，耐心、仔细思考和冷静的行为方式会解决问题，因而给人带来希望。故选C。【答案】36．badly；37．haveread；38．caught；39．a；40．monkeys'；41．However；42．how；43．children；44．excitement；45．togive【解析】【分析】本文讲述了父亲看到两个儿子打架，通过讲述猎人利用猴子不舍得放弃食物的特点捕捉猴子的故事，教育儿子们在生活中要懂得适时放弃，找到更好的方式实现梦想。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意：一是词性转换，如形容词变副词修饰动词、动词变名词等；二是时态的判断，依据时间状语确定一般过去时、现在完成时；三是固定短语、固定句型的运用，像"nomatterhow""it'sbettertodosth."；四是名词所有格、冠词等的正确使用。36．句意：一天，两个男孩在激烈地打架。"bad"，意为"坏的；不好的"，形容词。此处修饰动词"fighting"，要用副词，"bad"的副词形式是"badly"（严重地；激烈地）。故答案为：badly。37．句意：我的小儿子们，自从你们出生以来，你们已经读过很多关于动物的故事了。"read"，意为"阅读"，动词。"since+一般过去时的句子"是现在完成时的标志，其结构为"have/has+过去分词"，主语"you"是复数，所以用"haveread"。故答案为：haveread。38．句意：你们知道过去猎人是如何捕捉猴子的吗？"catch"，意为"捕捉；抓住"，动词。根据"inthepast"可知句子是一般过去时，"catch"的过去式是"caught"。故答案为：caught。39．句意：他们会把一个颈部狭小的玻璃罐子放在地上。"glassjar"是可数名词单数，此处表示"一个"，"glass"是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用"a"。故答案为：a。40．句意：然后，在罐子里面，他们会放上猴子最喜欢的食物。"monkey"，意为"猴子"，名词。此处修饰"favoritefood"，表示"猴子的"，要用名词所有格，且根据语境是泛指猴子这类动物，用复数名词所有格"monkeys'"。故答案为：monkeys'。41．句意：然而，罐子狭小的颈部阻止了猴子把手拿出来。前文说猴子去拿食物，后文说拿不出来，存在转折关系，"However"（然而）符合语境，句首首字母大写。故答案为：However。42．句意：无论猴子多么努力尝试。"nomatterhow"是固定搭配，意为"无论多么"，引导让步状语从句，所以填"how"。故答案为：how。43．句意：孩子们一起问道："什么？""child"，意为"孩子"，名词。根据前文"twoboys"可知是两个孩子，要用复数形式"children"。故答案为：children。44．句意：然后猎人过来，兴奋地抓住了猴子。"excite"，意为"使兴奋；使激动"，动词。此处修饰动词"got"，要用名词，"excite"的名词形式是"excitement"（兴奋；激动），"withexcitement"是固定短语，意为"兴奋地"。故答案为：excitement。45．句意：就像这只猴子一样，放弃并找到更好的方式去实现你们的梦想会更好。"give"，意为"给予；放弃（此处"giveup"是"放弃"）"，动词。"it'sbettertodosth."是固定句型，意为"做某事更好"，所以用动词不定式"togive"。故答案为：togive。【答案】46．thousands；47．provides；48．development；49．talk；50．mostly【解析】【分析】单词汉译英：develop（发展；开发）；mostly（主要地；通常）；talk（谈论；交谈）；thousand（千）；provide（提供；给予）。

本文讲述了大运河在中国历史与现代的作用，它长期承担运输任务，对现代中国仍有重要意义，但发展过程中也引发问题，如沿岸城市风景特色减少、趋于雷同。

【点评】考查选词填空，注意固定搭配（如"thousandsof"）、词性转换（如"develop"变名词"development"）、语法时态（第三人称单数谓语动词形式）及副词修饰形容词（"mostly"修饰"thesame"）等，需结合语境精准判断词汇形式与用法。46．句意：几千年来，船只继续沿河运送着许多东西。"thousandsof"是固定搭配，意为"数以千计的；成千上万的"，用于描述时间跨度，符合"运河长期发挥作用"的语境。故答案为thousands。47．句意：虽然这条水道比以前短，但它为现代中国提供了一个重要的连接。主语"it"（指代大运河）是第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实用一般现在时，"provide"的第三人称单数形式"provides"，契合"提供连接"的语义与语法要求。故答案为provides。48．句意：但是这种发展引起了一些问题。定冠词"the"后需接名词，"develop"的名词形式"development"（发展），符合"运河发展带来问题"的语境逻辑。故答案为development。49．句意：例如，人们过去常常谈论运河沿岸城市的不同美景，但现在许多城市大多是一样的：千篇一律。"usedtodosth."（过去常常做某事），"talkabout"是固定短语，意为"谈论"，契合"人们交流风景"的语义。故答案为talk。50．句意：例如，人们过去常常谈论运河沿岸城市的不同美景，但现在许多城市大多是一样的：千篇一律。"mostly"（主要地；通常）是副词，修饰"thesame"，说明城市"大多、通常"呈现雷同状态，符合语境。故答案为mostly。【答案】51．(m)eans；52．especially；53．(t)hird；54．(w)estern；55．(f)ull；56．ancient；57．themselves；58．includes；59．endangered；60．(p)rotection【解析】【分析】本文讲述了长江的基本信息，包括其名字含义、长度地位、发源地与流向，还阐述了长江对古代中国人生活耕种的意义，以及长江作为多种动物栖息地，因污染等导致物种濒危，而中国人民和政府在动物保护方面有所作为。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意对词汇（词性、词义）的掌握，以及动词的第三人称单数形式、固定短语、形容词修饰名词、反身代词用法等语法点，还要结合语境和常识判断单词，确保语义和语法都正确。51．句意：它的中文名字"长江"的意思是"很长的江"。根据首字母和常识可知，"长江"意为"很长的江"，mean"意味着"符合语境；本句陈述一般事实，需用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式。故答案为(m)eans。52．句意：它在全世界都很有名，尤其是它的长度。"especially"意为"尤其；特别"，副词。此处用于强调突出"长度"这一闻名的点，副词"especially"符合语境，修饰介词短语"foritslength"。故答