山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题

2025年3月济南市高三模拟考试英语试题满分150分考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatprobablyisthetimenow?A.10:20. B.10:35. C.10:50.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:DoIhaveenoughtimetofreshenupabitbeforeweleave?M:You’vegotfifteenminutestogetready,honey,butpleasedon’ttaketoolong.Weneedtobeontheroadby10:35.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoestheboyneedtogetupearlytoday?A.Togoforarun. B.Toattendalecture. C.Tomeetaprofessor.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whydidn’tyouwakemeupearlier?Mom,I’mrunninglate.W:Oh,whytherush?It’sSaturdaytoday,isn’tit?M:Actually,thereaspeciallecturebyaprofessorscheduledatourschooltoday.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandonext?A.Findarestaurant. B.Cookameal. C.Performamagictrick.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Wecan’teatouttonight,youknow,we’rereallyhardupnow.M:Ah,itisreallyaproblem,butnotforme,yourhusband.W:Aha,whattrickareyougoingtoplay?M:Mr.SmithfrommypanygavemeacookbookandI’mgoingtogiveitatry.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthedestinationofthespeakers?A.Florida. B.Boston. C.Tokyo.【答案】C【解析】原文】M:Astronghurricaneising.Wecan’tboardtheFloridaflight.W:SowemightbeabsentfromthemeetingtomorrowinTokyo.M:I’mafraidso.ButperhapswecanfirstgotoBoston,fromwherewecanflytoJapan.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatcanwelearnaboutProfessorSmith’slectures?A.They’rewellattended. B.They’reuninspiring. C.They’rechaotic.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:ProfessorSmithcertainlyhasagoodreputationinthedepartmentofEnglish.W:Awelldeservedone,thesamestudentswhofallasleepindiscussionsandseminarsfightforfrontrowseatsinhislectures.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthebus. B.Onthesubway. C.Inthegym.7.Whatcausedtheteam’sfailureaccordingtothewoman?A.Theymademanymistakes. B.Theopponentswerestrong. C.Thekeyplayerwasabsent.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:MorningBetty,fancymeetingyouhere.W:MorningTom,mycarbrokedownwaitingforabusandpotentiallygettingstuckintrafficjamsaresuchatrouble,soIendeduptakingthesubway.M:Didyoucatchthebasketballgamelastnight?W:Oh,itwasadisaster.Ourteamhasneversufferedsuchacrushingdefeatbefore.M:You’reright,ourteamisusuallytough,butlastnighttheyblewitpletely.W:Idon’tthinkso.Theywentallout.Inmyopinion.ItwasmainlybecauseJohnwasn’tthere.He’sthesouloftheteam.Withouthim,theteamissimplydisorganized.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whowilljointhespeakers?A.DavidandMaria. B.PeterandAllie. C.JenniferandDavid.9.WhereisWalter?A.InLondon. B.InParis. C.InNewYork.10.WhatwillMichaeldoduringtheholiday?A.Stayathome. B.Visithisrelatives. C.Traveltothedesert,【答案】8.A9.C10.A【解析】【原文】W:Icheckedwitheveryonewethoughtofwhocouldgotothedesertwithusduringtheholiday.Afewofthemarequitekeen,actually.M:Tellme,howdidtheyrespond?W:Peter’sheadingbacktoParisforafamilyvisit.Jennifer’souttoo.She’salreadygotatickettoLondontomeetherhusband.IchattedwithDavidaswell.He’seagertogetawayforcampus.M:Howabouthisbrother,Walter?W:Hisbrother’sstudyingabroadnow.Actually,he’stransferredtoauniinNewYork.IrangMaria’splaceandhersisterAlianswered.IfilledherinonourplansandshecheckedwithMaria.Theybothwanttoealong.M:Good.They’llbefuntobewith.Michaelthough?W:Youwon’tbelieveit.Hesaidhedoesn’tfeellikegoinganywhere.That’sarealturnupforthebooks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatisthewomanmainlytalkingabout?A.HertriptoBrazil. B.Hersalesexperience. C.Herspecialcolleague.12.WheredidthestafffindTucson?A.Atthecarlot. B.Atthepetshelter. C.Neartheboss'shouse.13.WhathappenedafterTucsonjoinedthesalesteam?A.HelosthisIDcardsoon. B.Hewashitbyacustomer. C.Heenjoyedgreatpopularity.【答案】11.C12.A13.C【解析】【原文】M:HowdoyoufindworkingatHyundaimotorinBrazil?W:It’sfantastic.Theteamisamazing.I’mthrilledthattheyareallpetfriendly.LetmesharethestoryofTucsonwithyou.M:Whoisthisguy?Acolleague?W:Yes,butTucsonactuallyadog?He’sarecentadditiontoourstaff.M:Well,really?Tellmemore.W:Lastyear,thestaffspottedadogwanderingaroundourcarlot.Thedogwasincrediblyfriendly.Wecan’tbeartotakeittotheshelter.Hestartedingbyeveryday,butitwasn’tuntiladarkandstormynightlastweekthatourbosstookhiminforever,changinghislife.M:That’sawesome.W:WenamedthedogTucsonandmadehimourofficialsalesdog,evengivinghimhisownIDcard.Sincejoiningthesalesteam,Tucsonhasbeenahugehitwithcustomers.M:Whatawonderfulstory.I’mgladTucson’sfinallygettingtheloveandattentionhetrulydeserves.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14Whatdoesthemanseemtolikemostabouttheacmodation?A.Theneighborsarefriendly. B.Thetransportisconvenient. C.Thesecuritysystemisgood.15.Whatcolorwouldthewomanlikeherbedroomwallstobe?A.Pink. B.White. C.Beige（米色）.16.Whatfurniturearethespeakersplanningtoreplace?A.Thesofas. B.Thebookshelf. C.Thecupboards.17.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gettheexhibition’sdetails. B.Setoffforthegallery. C.Buyapaintingonline.【答案】14.B15.C16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Honey,we’velivedinthisplaceforagooddecadenowandI’mfeelinglikeachangeofscenery.M:Why?ThemunityhasahighTechsecuritysystemandtheneighborsherearewarmhearted.Mostimportantly,it’squiteeasytogetaround.W:Oh,Idon’twanttomove.Ijustwanttoredecorateourplaceaswecanseethepaintonsomewallsisstartingtopeeloff.M:Youmeanthewallsneedrepainting.Whatcolordoyoulikestilltheoriginalone?W:No,I’mmoreintowhitethanpink.Butmaybethebedroomshouldgowithabeigecolorschemeforawarmerfeel,M:Iagree.Gotanyideaaboutthefurniture?Thinkingofreplacinganything?W:Hmm,thesofasandcupboardsaredueforanupgradebutstillmanageable.However,mybookcollectionhasoutgrowntheoldbookcase.It’sjustnotuptothetaskanymore.M:Alright,anythingelse?W:Howabouthangingsomeartworksonthewalls?M:Thatsoundsfantastic.Iheardthere’sanartexhibitionatthecitygallerythisweekend.Wecantryourluckthere.W:Goodthinking.Letmecheckoutmoreinformationabouttheexhibitiononline.M:That’sthewaytogo.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthewomantryingtotellusabouteyehealth?A.Somemedicaldevelopments. B.Somehealthyhabits. C.Somefalsebeliefs.19.Whatdostudiesaboutwearingthewrongglassesshow?A.Itweakensadults’eyes. B.Itisdangerousforchildren. C.Itchangestheeyestructure.20.Whatdowelearnabouteyereplacementfromthetalk?A.Itisnotdifficult. B.Itcanneverbedone. C.Itcanpartlybedone.【答案】18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Therearemanymonlyheldbeliefsabouteyeglassesandeyesightthatarenotprovenfacts.Forinstance,somepeoplebelievethatwearingglassestoosoonweakenstheeyes,butthereisnoevidencetoshowthatthestructureofeyesischangedbywearingglassesatayoungage.Wearingthewrongglasses,however,canproveharmful.Studiesshowthatforadults,thereisnodanger.Butchildrencandeveloplossofvisioniftheyhaveglassesinappropriatefortheireyes.Wehaveallheardofsomeofthemonmythsabouthoweyesightgetsbad.Mostpeoplebelievethatreadingindimlightcausespooreyesight,butthatisuntrue.Toolittlelightmakestheeyesworkharder,sotheydogettiredandstrained.However,itdoesnotpermanentlydamageeyesight.Anothermythabouteyesisthattheycanbereplacedfromonepersontoanother.Therearecloseto1millionnervefibersthatconnecttheeyeballtothebrain,butsofaritisimpossibletoattachthemallinanewperson.Onlycertainpartsoftheeyecanbereplaced.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJournalofCulturalHeritage,ajournalofscienceandtechnology,binesdiverseacademicdisciplinesforstudyingproblemsabouttheawarenessandconservationofculturalheritageinawiderange.Themainpurposeofthejournalistopresentinnovativeapproachesconcerningallscientificaspectsrelatedtoheritagescience.SPECIFICTOPICS·Analysisandconservationofheritageassets(资产):novelmethodsforstudyingtheposition,dating,originandnewmaterialsforthepreservationofobjects.·Conservationofbuiltheritage:analysisofhistoricalmaterialsandconstructiontechniques;novelinspection,testingandmonitoringtechniques.·Interactionbetweenheritageitemsandtheenvironment:theimpactofclimatechangeandriskassessmentofculturalheritage.·Digitaltechnologiesforknowledge,conservationandrestoration:dataanalysisandmodelling,longtermpreservationofheritageassets.·Museumconservation:technologiesforthemanagementandimprovementofmuseumcollections.REQUIREMENTSThearticlesmustbeofgreatinterestforawideaudience.Thusitisannouncedthatthenumberofarticlesdealingwithcasestudieswillbereducedinordertofavororiginalarticles.Reportsonrestorationactivitiesshouldpresentaspecifictechnicalorscientificinnovation.BENEFITSTOAUTHORSWeprovideseveralauthorbenefitsafteracceptance,suchasfreePDFs,abroadcopyrightpolicyandspecialearningsasfollows.DetailsInformationDeadlinethe15thofeverymonthPayment$60perthousandwordsEarlysubmissionbonusa$15bonusifsubmittedbeforethe10thofeverymonthPleaseseeourGuideforAuthorsforinformationonarticlesubmission.Ifyourequirefurtherinformationorhelp,pleasevisitourSupportCenter.21.WhatdoesJournalofCulturalHeritageaimtodo?A.Collecttechnicalandscientificarticles. B.binekindsofacademicdisciplines.C.Offernovelmethodsofheritagescience. D.Promotethegrowthofheritagetourism.22.Whicharticleismorelikelytobeincludedinthejournal?A.Howtosurvivefromtheeconomiccrisis. B.Whatwecandotoproducedigitalassets.C.Scienceisimprovingmuseumcollections. D.Theenvironmentiswaitingforouraction.23.Howmuchwouldanauthorgetforanaccepted2,000wordarticlesubmittedonApril5th?A.$120. B.$135. C.$165. D.$180.【答案】21.C22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了《文化遗产杂志》的概况、征稿要求及被录用的稿件的福利。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Themainpurposeofthejournalistopresentinnovativeapproachesconcerningallscientificaspectsrelatedtoheritagescience.(本刊的主要目的是介绍与遗产科学有关的所有科学方面的创新方法)”可知，该期刊的主要目的是提供遗产科学的新方法。故选C项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据SPECIFICTOPICS中“Museumconservation:technologiesforthemanagementandimprovementofmuseumcollections.(博物馆保护：管理和改善博物馆藏品的技术)”可知，该期刊关注博物馆保护方面的内容，C选项“Scienceisimprovingmuseumcollections.(科学正在改善博物馆藏品)”符合博物馆保护这一主题，由此可推知，“科学正在改善博物馆藏品”这篇文章有可能被收录在期刊上。故选C项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据BENEFITSTOAUTHORS中“Payment$60perthousandwords(稿费每千字支付60美元)”以及“Earlysubmissionbonusa$15bonusifsubmittedbeforethe10thofeverymonth(提前提交奖金：如果在每10号之前提交，将获得15美元奖金)”可知，文章提到稿费是每千字60美元，2000字的文章稿费应为2×60=120美元。又因为在每月10号前提交有15美元的奖金，4月5号提交满足此条件，所以总共可得120+15=135美元，B选项正确。故选B项。BWildlifephotographerIngoArndtdiscoveredhisfirstenormousantmound(蚁丘)asachildexploringtheforestwithhisfatherneartheirhomealmost50yearsago.Theywerebirdwatchingandcamearoundabendinathicklywoodedareawhenthereitwas:afivefoottallmound,standingupwardlikealargestalagmite(石笋).Arndtwantedtoinvestigatemoreclosely,butaveryparticularsmellsuggestedherethinkthat.Theairfeltthickandsharp,disfortinghisnose.“Allmylife,”hesays,“Icouldrememberthesmell.”Severalyearslater,Arndtmovedtothecountryside.Hecontinuedhisfascinationwiththemoundsandtheirarmiesoftinyengineers.Outfittedwithahighresolutioncamera,hebeganphotographingthemoundsandsharinghisimagerywithresearchersforascientificperspective.Itturnedoutthemoundmakerswereindeedspecial.Theywereredwoodants—oneofthesmallestofallsocalledkeystonespecies.Keystonespeciessuchaselephantsandsharksarewatchedcloselybecausetheirbehaviorsaffectsomanyaspectsoftheecosystemthatiftheydisappeared,itwouldstruggletoadapt.Researchersalsoexplainedthesmellfromthemound.Astheinsectsbuildanest,theygenerateformicacid(蚁酸),theoriginofthesmell,whichhelpstofightagainstenemies.Butinrecentdecades,thepopulationofantshasbeendecliningastheforestshavefallenvictimtologging,urbanization,andwildfires,aswellasdroughtandhighertemperaturesthathavebeemorefrequentwithclimatechange.Thishasledseveralcountriesacrosstheants’range,includingGermany,toenlistthemasaprotectedspeciesbylaw.TodayArndt’sphotosputondisplaythatassocialinsects,thesesmallantsnotonlyformplexsocieties,buttheyalsocohabitatewithawidevarietyofspecies,creatingamassofcoexistingrelationshipsacrossavarietyofplantandanimalspecies.Theyarealsoareminderthatbyprotectingtheseunnoticedcreatures,weareactuallyprotectingourselves.24.HowwasArndt’sfirstencounterwiththeantmound?A.Itremindedhimofabadexperience. B.Itlefthimanunforgettablememory.C.Itarousedhisenthusiasmfornature. D.Itinspiredhimtoprotecttheforests.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Thewoodedarea. B.Themoundmaker.C.Thekeystonespecies. D.Theentireecosystem.26.Whatcontributedtothedecreaseinthenumberofants?A.Theirworsenedhabitats. B.Theirchangingbehavior.C.Theirseverepetition. D.Theirlimitedpopulation.27.Whatismainlyintendedtotellus?A.Massivelivesexistonearth. B.Tinyspeciescountinnature.C.Socialcreaturesliveingroups. D.Littleantsaremasterarchitects.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过Arndt的经历和对红木蚁的研究，强调了这些微小物种在自然界中的重要性，尤其是它们对生态系统的影响。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Arndtwantedtoinvestigatemoreclosely,butaveryparticularsmellsuggestedherethinkthat.Theairfeltthickandsharp,disfortinghisnose.“Allmylife,”hesays,“Icouldrememberthesmell.”(Arndt想更仔细地调查，但一种非常特殊的气味让他重新考虑。空气中味道浓厚，使他的鼻子感到不舒服。“在我的一生中，”他说，“我都记得那种味道。”)”可知，Arndt对蚁丘的气味留下了深刻的印象，这段经历给他留下了难忘的记忆。故选B项。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Keystonespeciessuchaselephantsandsharksarewatchedcloselybecausetheirbehaviorsaffectsomanyaspectsoftheecosystemthatiftheydisappeared,

it

wouldstruggletoadapt.(大象和鲨鱼等关键物种受到密切关注，因为它们的行为会影响生态系统的许多方面，如果它们消失，it将难以适应)”可知，大象和鲨鱼等关键物种的行为影响生态系统的许多方面，如果它们消失，整个生态系统将会很难适应，所以，划线代词it指的是上文提到的生态系统。故选D项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Butinrecentdecades,thepopulationofantshasbeendecliningastheforestshavefallenvictimtologging,urbanization,andwildfires,aswellasdroughtandhighertemperaturesthathavebeemorefrequentwithclimatechange.(但近几十年来，由于森林受到伐木、城市化、野火以及干旱和高温的影响，蚂蚁的数量一直在下降，而干旱和高温随着气候变化而变得更加频繁)”可知，蚂蚁数量的减少是由于森林砍伐、城市化、野火、干旱和气温升高等因素导致的栖息地恶化。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。全文通过Arndt的经历和对红木蚁的研究，强调了这些微小物种在自然界中的重要性，尤其是它们对生态系统的影响。最后一段提到“Theyarealsoareminderthatbyprotectingtheseunnoticedcreatures,weareactuallyprotectingourselves.(它们也提醒我们，通过保护这些不被注意的生物，我们实际上是在保护自己。)”进一步点明了保护微小物种的意义。故选B项。CIt’saclassicplaintinrelationships,especiallyromanticones:“Shesaidshewasokaywithmeforgettingherbirthday!Thenwhyisshethrowingdishesinthekitchen?Arethetwothingsrelated?”TheanswerisYES.municationismorethanwords.It’showthosewordsaresaid,thetone,theorder,eventhechoiceofaparticularword.It’smultidimensional,asexploredbyDeirdreWilsonandDanSperberinMeaningandRelevance.Considerthefollowingexample:PetergotangryandMaryleft;MaryleftandPetergotangry.Thoughidenticalinwords,theirmeaningsdifferpletely.Thefirstonemayhaveusthinking:Wow,PetermustgetangryoftenifMaryleaves.ThesecondsentencesuggeststhatPeterwantsmorefromMary.Samewords—atotallydifferentcon.Humanlanguageisnotacode(编码).Truecodeshaveaonetoonerelationshipwithmeaning.Onesound,onedefinition.Thisiswhatweseewithanimals.WilsonandSperberexplainthat“codedmunicationworksbestwhenemitter(发出者)andreceivershareexactlythesamecode.”Notsoforhumans.Wemunicatemorethanthedefinitionsofourwordswouldsuggest.Thisisinferentialmunication,anditmeansthatweunderstandnotonlythewordsspoken,buttheconinwhichtheyarespoken..Irony(反语)isagreatexampleofhowpowerfullywecanmunicateconwithafewsimplewords.Itismorethanjuststatingtheopposite.Forexample,whenMarysays,afteraboringparty,“Thatwasfun”,sheisneithersayingliterallythatthepartywasfunnorsaying“ironically”thatthepartywasboring.Rather,sheisexpressinganemotion.Threewordsreplaceparagraphs,showcasinglanguage’sefficiency.WilsonandSperberconcludedthathumanlanguagedevelopedandbecamesopowerfulbecauseoftwouniqueabilitiesofhumans:languageandthepowertotrytointerpretmentalstatesofothers.Welookforconforthewordswehear.Andweshouldbeverygoodatabsorbingthisconoinfermeaning.28WhatdoestheplaintinParagraph1mainlyindicate?A.Theinconsistencebetweenwordsandmeaning. B.Theimportanceofrememberingvitalmoments.C.Thenecessityofstraightforwardmunication. D.Theunavoidabilityofargumentinacouple'slife.29.Whatmaymakehumanlanguagedifferentfromtruecodes?A.Theconincludedinunderstandingmeanings.B.Thedefinitionsmadebywordsinmunication.C.Thecodedmunicationbetweenemitterandreceiver.D.Theonetoonerelationshipbetweenwordandmeaning.30.HowdoesMary’sstatement“Thatwasfun”illustrateaboutirony?A.Itsimplifieslanguagetosavetime. B.Itcoversthetruefeelingsofpeople.C.Itneedswordyexplanationstomakesense. D.Itusesfewerwordsforplexmeanings.31.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinmunication?A.Focusingontheopposite. B.Takinglanguageliterally.C.Readingbeyondthewords. D.Avoidingusingironictones.【答案】28.A29.A30.D31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人类语言交流特点及反语在交流中的作用。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Shesaidshewasokaywithmeforgettingherbirthday!Thenwhyisshethrowingdishesinthekitchen?Arethetwothingsrelated?(她说她不介意我忘记她的生日！那她为什么在厨房里摔盘子呢？这两件事有关系吗？)”以及第二段“municationismorethanwords.It’showthosewordsaresaid,thetone,theorder,eventhechoiceofaparticularword.(交流不仅仅是言语。还包括这些话是怎么说的，语气，顺序，甚至是某个特定单词的选择)”可推知，第一段的抱怨主要表明了言语和意思之间的不一致。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Humanlanguageisnotacode(编码).Truecodeshaveaonetoonerelationshipwithmeaning.Onesound,onedefinition.Thisiswhatweseewithanimals.WilsonandSperberexplainthat“codedmunicationworksbestwhenemitter(发出者)andreceivershareexactlythesamecode.”Notsoforhumans.Wemunicatemorethanthedefinitionsofourwordswouldsuggest.Thisisinferentialmunication,anditmeansthatweunderstandnotonlythewordsspoken,buttheconinwhichtheyarespoken.(人类语言不是一种编码。真正的编码与意义有着一一对应的关系。一种声音，一种定义。这就是我们在动物身上看到的情况。威尔逊和斯珀伯解释说：“当发出者和接收者拥有完全相同的编码时，编码交流效果最佳。”人类则不是这样。我们交流的内容比我们所说的单词的定义要多。这是一种推理交流，这意味着我们不仅理解所说的单词，而且理解它们所使用的语境)”可知，理解意义时所包含的语境使人类语言不同于真正的编码。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Irony(反语)isagreatexampleofhowpowerfullywecanmunicateconwithafewsimplewords.Itismorethanjuststatingtheopposite.Forexample,whenMarysays,afteraboringparty,“Thatwasfun”,sheisneithersayingliterallythatthepartywasfunnorsaying“ironically”thatthepartywasboring.Rather,sheisexpressinganemotion.Threewordsreplaceparagraphs,showcasinglanguage’sefficiency.(反语是一个很好的例子，说明我们如何用几个简单的词来有力地传达语境。它不仅仅是陈述相反的意思。例如，当玛丽在一个无聊的聚会后说“那很有趣”时，她既不是说聚会真的很有趣，也不是“讽刺地”说聚会很无聊。相反，她在表达一种情感。三个字代替了段落，展示了语言的效率)”可知，玛丽的陈述“那很有趣”用更少的词表达了复杂的意思，从而说明了反语的特点。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WilsonandSperberconcludedthathumanlanguagedevelopedandbecamesopowerfulbecauseoftwouniqueabilitiesofhumans:languageandthepowertotrytointerpretmentalstatesofothers.Welookforconforthewordswehear.Andweshouldbeverygoodatabsorbingthisconoinfermeaning.(威尔逊和斯珀伯得出结论，人类语言之所以发展并变得如此强大，是因为人类有两种独特的能力：语言能力和试图解读他人心理状态的能力。我们为听到的单词寻找语境。我们应该非常善于吸收这种语境来推断意义)”可推知，作者认为在交流中应该理解话语背后的意思，也就是不仅仅局限于字面意思。故选C。DImaginewakinguponemorningtofindyoursmartphonemissing.Youcannolongergetguidedtowork,orderyourcoffee,orconnectwithfriends.Formostofus,itisanightmare（噩梦）.Butitshouldnolyfarfetched.Despitebeingmoredigitallyconnectedthanever,wearelonelierandmoreanxious.Anxietyratesincreasedby25%globally.Depressionnowaffectsover280millionpeopleworldwide.Allofthisisduetoourgrowingdependenceonsocialmediaandsmarttechnologiesdesignedtoofferquickreliefbutoftenattheexpenseofdeep,meaningfulengagement,whichmayfurthercauseourlossofsomethingeasytobeignored.Whiletheseconveniencesoffershorttermrelief,theymayweakenourthinkingskills.Forexample,GPShasundeniablytransformedhowwetravel.Buta2020studyfoundthatfrequentGPSusersstrugglemorewithselfguidednavigation.Overtime,thosewhodependedmoreonGPSshowedasharpdeclineinspacialmemoryandproblemsolvingskills.However,reducingdependenceontheseconveniencescanleadtodisfort.Inseekingforttoday,wemightbetradingawaysomedisfort.Thatistheproblem:theverydisfortweavoidisoftenwhatstrengthensus.Viewingstress,akindofdisfort,asachallengeratherthanathreatleadstobetteroutes.Researchshowsthatmildstresscanenhanceadaptability.Neuroscience（神经科学）revealsthatneuroplasticity—thebrain'sabilitytoformnewconnections—isenhancedthroughchallengingexperiences.Thisadaptabilityiscrucialfordevelopingresilience,（抗逆力）,aprocessfueledbybothmentalchallengesandactiveeffort.Butthisdoesn'tmeanweshouldrejectfortentirely;it'stobalanceitwithintentionaldisfort.Thinkofitas“microdosinghardship”—aseriesofsmall,manageabledifficultiesthatkeepourmentalandemotionalmusclesstrong,suchaswritingwithapen,orwashingdishesbyhand.Thesesmallactsareenoughtoreawakentheresiliencewe'veburiedunderlayersofease.So,imeyoufeelthepullofease,pause.Askyourself:Isthismomentaryforthelpingmegroworisitkeepingmestuck?Choosingdisfortisn'teasy,butsometimes,it'sworthit.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“farfetched”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Possibletochange. B.Certaintofunction.C.Unlikelytobesettled. D.Unabletobeaccepted.33.Whatmaydigitalconveniencescauseaccordingto?A.Thefastbutworthlessrelief. B.Themeaningfulengagement.C.Thelossofthinkingcapacity. D.Thelackofnecessaryfort.34.Whichisareallifeapplicationof“microdosinghardship”?A.Takingthestairsinsteadofthelift. B.Orderingtakeoutfoodafterwork.C.ExploringanewcitybyusingGPS. D.Writinganemailusingvoice.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.GPS:theinvisiblecostofconvenience B.Stress:themaincauseofbraindamageC.Disfort:ahiddensourceofresilience D.Smartphones:barrierstohumanprogress【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了现代社会中人们对数字技术的过度依赖及其带来的负面影响，强调了适度不适的重要性，并提出了通过“微量困难”（microdosinghardship）来增强个人适应力和韧性。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Imaginewakinguponemorningtofindyoursmartphonemissing.Youcannolongergetguidedtowork,orderyourcoffee,orconnectwithfriends.Formostofus,itisanightmare（噩梦）.Butitshouldnolyfarfetched.(想象一下，有一天早上醒来，发现你的智能手机不见了。你再也不能用它导航去上班，点咖啡，或者和朋友联系了。对我们大多数人来说，这是一场噩梦。但这并不_____)”可知，这里的语境是假设智能手机突然消失的情景虽然令人不安，但它不应该是不能被接受的。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Allofthisisduetoourgrowingdependenceonsocialmediaandsmarttechnologiesdesignedtoofferquickreliefbutoftenattheexpenseofdeep,meaningfulengagement,whichmayfurthercauseourlossofsomethingeasytobeignored.Whiletheseconveniencesoffershorttermrelief,theymayweakenourthinkingskills.(这一切都是因为我们越来越依赖社交媒体和智能技术，这些技术旨在提供快速的解脱，但往往以牺牲深刻而有意义的参与为代价，这可能会进一步导致我们失去一些容易被忽视的东西。虽然这些便利提供了短期的解脱，但它们可能会削弱我们的思维能力)”可知，数字便利可能导致思考能力的下降。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thinkofitas“microdosinghardship”—aseriesofsmall,manageabledifficultiesthatkeepourmentalandemotionalmusclesstrong,suchaswritingwithapen,orwashingdishesbyhand.(把它想象成“微量困难”——一系列小的、可以管理的困难，这些困难能让我们的心理和情绪肌肉保持强壮，比如用笔写字，或者用手洗碗)”可知，采取“微量困难”的实际行动是做一些小的、可以管理的困难的事情，A选项“爬楼梯而不是乘电梯”符合“微量困难”的含义。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Despitebeingmoredigitallyconnectedthanever,wearelonelierandmoreanxious.(尽管我们比以往任何时候都更加数字化地联系在一起，但我们却更加孤独和焦虑)”、第三段中“Whiletheseconveniencesoffershorttermrelief,theymayweakenourthinkingskills.(虽然这些便利提供了短期的解脱，但它们可能会削弱我们的思维能力)”以及第四段中“Thatistheproblem:theverydisfortweavoidisoftenwhatstrengthensus.(这就是问题所在：我们避免的不适往往正是让我们变得坚强的东西)”可知，文章主要讲述了现代生活中人们过于依赖智能手机和各种智能技术，造成了一些不良后果，如焦虑、抑郁、思维能力下降等。作者认为，我们应该适当减少对这些便利的依赖，通过面对一些“微小的不便”来增强自己的抗逆力，C选项“不适感：韧性的隐藏来源”最符合文章主旨。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallknowthatfirstimpressionsareimportantandthattheyarelasting.That’swhyweworkhardtomakegreatfirstimpressions.___36___Firstimpressionsmightovershadowyourabilities.Whenyouarehiredinanorganization,asetofinferencesaremadeaboutyou.Makinginferencesishumannature.Ifyoubeeknownforyourattentiontodetails,youmayneverbeseenassomeonewhocanseethebigpicture.Ifyouarethepersonwhoorganizesallofthebirthdaycelebrations,youmayneverbeseenasmanagementmaterial.___37___Firstimpressionscanstampyouforever,oftenpredeterminingthepathofyourcareerandhowfaryouwillbeabletoadvanceyourcareer.Theseperceptionspaintapictureofwhopeoplethinkyouare.___38___This,inlargepart,iswhyyourcareersareheldback,whyyoubeefrustrated,dissatisfiedandevenwanttoleavethepresentposition.Butitdoesn’thavetoetothatifyoucanunlockhiddenaspectsofyourvalue.Talkaboutwhatyouarereadingoraprojectyoua