中考英语语法复习课件名词

名词的秘密名词的分类☑️名词的数名词的格名词{

可数名词{普通名词{物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念个体名词集体名词不可数名词{名词的定义：表示人、事物、地方、现象及其他抽象概念名称的名词。

（如:teacher，pen,student,desk）

（如:family,class，police

）（如：tea,water,paper）（如：news,love,peace）专有名词（如：Tom、China、theUnitedStates)名词的分类☑️名词的数☑️名词的格可数名词的单复数Therearethreechairs

intheclassroom.Thesetomatoes

arered.Mybrotherlooksaftertwobabies.TomandKingareboys.Ihavetwopencil-boxes.Therearesomebuses

inthestreet.Therearesomany

wolves

intheforest.1.Whataretheregularrulesonpluralnouns?GroupWork情况(规则变化)构成方法例词girl—girls;pen--pensbus-buses;box-boxeswatch-watches;dish-dishesbaby-babies;family-families

boy-boys;day-daystomato-tomatoes;hero-heroesphoto-photoshalf-halves;wife-wives;一般情况以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾以辅音字母+y结尾o结尾，有生命以f或fe结尾的加-s加-es加“es”加“s”变f或fe为v再加eso结尾，无生命变y为i再加-es直接加-s以元音字母加y结尾/s/清辅音后/z/浊辅音和元音后/iz/构成方法（不规则变化）例词foot-feettooth-teethwoman-womenman-menmouse-micechairman-chairmenox-oxenchild-childrendeer-deerfish-fishsheep-sheepyuan,jin1.Chinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanese2.Frenchman-FrenchmenEnglishman-Englishmen3.German-Germans

Russian-RussiansAmericansAustraliansIndians内部元音发生变化词尾发生变化个别名词单复同形表示某国人时，中日不变，英法变，其他国家加s特殊情况

(1)有些名词只有复数形式，如：clothes，shorts，pants，scissors(剪刀)，goods，glasses(眼镜)若表达具体数目，要借助数量词

pair(对，双);

suit(套);apairofglasses(一对眼镜);twopairsoftrousers(两条裤子)(2)集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

people(人)

police(警察)

cattle(牲口)等本身就是复数，不能说apeople，apolice，acattle，但可以说aperson，apoliceman，aheadof(一头)cattle。特殊情况(4)有些名词以s结尾，但不是复数形式，是不可数名词如：news，maths，physics，politicstheUnitedStates，theUnitedNationse.g.TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.(3)有的名词表示个体时,用复数.表示集体时,用单数.family,team,group,class等

e.g.Myfamilyisveryhappy.

MyfamilyarewatchingTV.可数名词复数特殊变化规律中日好友来聚会

(Chinese,Japanese,people)绵羊、鹿、鱼把家回(sheep,deer,fish)男士、女士a变e

(man-men,woman-women)牙（齿）、脚双o变双e

(tooth-teeth,foot-feet)孩子们想去天安门

(children)原形后面ren老鼠本来爱大米,mice,ice和rice

1.Ioftengotoworkon

.(foot)2.Thistableismadeof

.(glass)3.Pleasegivethemtheir

.(piano)4.Isthereany

intheyard?(room)5.Therearetwelve

in

a

year.(month)6.ThekangaroocomesfromAustralia.Iteats

(grass）and

(leaf).

7.Lookatthose

catchingthethief!(police)8.Wouldyoulikesome

?(potato)glasspianosmonthsfootroomgrassleavespolicepotatoesHaveatest1.Pleasegivemesome______.

A.paperB.banana C.boxs D.example2.Some______cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermenB.GermansC.GermanyD.Germanies3.Johnbought_____forhimselfyesterday.

A.twopairsofshoes B.twopairofshoe

C.twopairofshoes D.twopairsshoes4.InBritain,_________areallpaintedred.A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersbox4.Youmustcleanyour____everyday.A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.teethsAChoosethebestanswer.BAAB不可数名词不可数名词：（前面不能用a,an等来修饰）

到目前为止我们所学的不可数名词有：

①液体类:②肉类:

③粉末类：

④抽象名词类：⑤食物类:不可数名词计量的表达:

①个数单位词：piece（张、片、块、条）,

②容器单位词：bottle（瓶）,bag（包）,box（盒、箱）

③类别单位词：kind(种、类)

④度量衡单位词：kilo(千克、公斤)

water,juice,tea,soup,milk,cola,coffee,meat，beef,pork,muttonfood,broccoli,

rice,porridge,junkfood,tofubreadnews,information,money,advice,work,homework,housework,help

,fun,health,price

Butsomenounsarenotonlycountable

nounsbutalsouncountablenouns

glass(玻璃)–aglass(玻璃杯)

paper(纸)–apaper(报纸)

work(工作)–awork(著作)

room(空间)–aroom(房间)

fruit(水果)–fruits(各种水果)

fish(鱼)–fishes(各种鱼)

time(时间)–times(时代)记住:roof–roofs,chef–chefs,chief-chiefsExercises:1.把下面名词变为复数:citybrushleafpotatotomatobreadbroccolimilkbeefcitiesbrushesleaves

potatoestomatoes2.翻译下面的词组:1.两杯咖啡2.四块面包3.七袋大米4.八只鹿5.一滴水6.三个男孩twocupsofcoffeefourpiecesofbreadsevenbagsofriceeightdeeradropofwaterthreeboys2.Whatneedwenoticeiftheuncountablenounisasasubjectofasentence?3.Howdowedescribethe

uncountable

nouns?

Thethirdpersonsingularformoftheverb.

Some,

any,

much,

little,

alittle,

lotsof;

aglassof,

twobottlesof…GroupWork名词与谓语动词的关系单数名词复数名词Be(is/am/are)isaredo/doesdoesdohave/hashashavee.g.Fivepairsofshoes

only8dollars.

Apairofshoes

only8dollars.

Theshoes

only8dollars.areisareIhavetwo___and___.A.leg,feetB.legs,footsC.legs,feetHowmany___arethereinthecity?A.factoriesB.factorysC.factorisD.factory3.Trees___alwaysgreenintheSouth.A.isB.areC.willbeD.were4.There____lotsofbreadonthetable.A.isB.areC.wereD.be5.Therich_________notalwayshappy.A.areB.is

C.haveD.has

C

AB

AA6.Therearetwo_____andthree_____inourschool.A.Frenchmen,GermenB.Frenchmen,GermansC.Frenchmas,GermansD.Russian,Americans7.Many____areplayinginthepark.A.childrenB.childsC.boyD.peoples8.Themeat____notgood.Butthenews____interestingA.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are9.Icanseemany____onthehill.A.sheepsB.cowC.sheepesD.sheep10.Hegoestoschool_____everyday.A.onfeetB.onfootC.byfootD.byacarB

AC

D

B11.Yourclothes____verybeautiful.A.isB.areC.beD.haveMybrotherhastwo_____.A.knifeB.knifesC.forkD.knives13.There____apairoftrousersonthebed.A.isB.areC.wereD.have14.Wouldyoulike__________?A.amilkB.aglassofmilkC.somemilksBringmetwo___paper,please.A.pieceofB.pieceC.piecesofB

D

AB

C名词的分类☑️名词的数☑️名词的格☑️双重所有格

{单重所有格

{

’s所有格名词所有格----表示所属关系of所有格构成方法例句Linda’s

desktheboys’

friendsthechildren’s

DayLucyandLily’s

motherLucy’s

andLily’s

bookstoday’snewspaperfifteenminutes’

walk表示时间、距离的名词可以加’s或

’构成所有格形式一般在有生命名词后加

’s构成。若以S结尾复数名词，则在S后加

’

若不是以S结尾复数名词，则加’s

表示几个人共同的东西，只在最后一个人后加’s.表示几个人都分别有的东西，则每个都加’s.

表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格

后面的名词atmyuncle’s=atmyuncle’shomeamapofChinathenameofthefilmthecoverofthebook电影的名字中国地图书的封面of形式无生命的东西（不能用’s时）有生命的东西（定语较长时）

thesupportofthepeopleallovertheworld2)名词+of+名词性物主代词1)名词+of+名词所有格:somebooksoftheteacher’sthatsmileoftheboy’s注：不能与定冠词the连用。3.名词的双重所有格:就是指同时既使用-’s所有格又使用of所有格。

aphotoofMrSmith’s(照片属于史密斯先生)aphotoofMrSmith(照片里的人是史密斯先生)afriendofhers1.Isthis____book?A.LileiB.Lilei’sC.lileis’

2.Thisis_____car.A.SmithB.Smith’sC.Smiths’3.Therearesome_____inthepark.A.manteachersB.menteacherC.menteachersD.boysstudents4.That’smy_________.A.brother’sandsister’sbikeB.brotherandsister’sbikeC.brother’sandsister’sbikes5.Ittakesme____walktogotoschoolA.fiveminutes’B.fiveminute’sC.fiveminutesBBCBAmyteacher’soffice

students’exercisebooks

Children’s

Day

today’snewspaper15minutes’

walk=a15-minutewalktoTom’s=toTom’shouse1我老师的办公室2学生们的练习本3儿童节4今天的报纸5十五分钟的路程6到汤姆家去名词的所有格Practice7广东的省会8教室的门9我父亲的一个朋友10他的两个兄弟11爱迪生的一些发明12他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)13他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)thecapitalofGuangdongthedoorsoftheclassrooma