北京市平谷区2026年初中学业水平考试统一练习（一）英语试题 含答案

/北京市平谷区2026年初中学业水平考试统一练习（一）英语试卷注意事项1．本试卷共10页，包括两部分，共38题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。2．在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5．考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空。（每题0.5分，共6分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mysisterisateacher.________worksinamiddleschool.A.He B.She C.It D.They【正确答案】B【详解】句意：我的姐姐是一名老师。她在一所中学工作。He他；She她；It它；They他们。根据“Mysister”可知，主语是女性单数，应用She指代“Mysister”。2.IplantoclimbYajiMountainwithmyfriends________May2ndthisyear.A.at B.in C.on D.to【正确答案】C【详解】句意：我计划在今年5月2日和我的朋友们一起去爬丫髻山。at通常用于表示具体的时间点，如几点几分；in用于表示在某个较长的时间段内，如年、月、季节等；on用于表示具体某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；to通常不用于表示时间，而是表示方向、目的等。根据“May2ndthisyear”可知，此处指的是具体的某一天，应填on。3.Imustgorightnow,________Iwillmissthebus.A.and B.but C.so D.or【正确答案】D【详解】句意：我必须马上走，否则我会错过公交车。and和、并且，表并列或顺承关系；but但是，表转折关系；so所以，表因果关系；or或者、否则，表选择或条件关系。根据“Imustgorightnow”和“Iwillmissthebus”可知，前后句存在条件关系，即如果不马上走就会错过公交车，“or”符合语境，应填or。4.—Whichdoyoulike________,swimmingorrunning?—Running.A.well B.better C.best D.thebest【正确答案】B【详解】句意：——游泳和跑步，你更喜欢哪一个？——跑步。考查比较级。由“swimmingorrunning”可知，在两者之间选择，故用比较级。故选B。5.—Anne,________doyougotothelibrary?—Onceaweek.A.howlong B.howoften C.howsoon D.howmuch【正确答案】B【详解】句意：——安妮，你多久去一次图书馆？——一周一次。howlong多长，询问时间段或长度；howoften多久一次，询问频率；howsoon多久以后；howmuch多少，询问数量或价格。答语“Onceaweek.”提示，此处是对频率进行提问。6.—Peter,________youfinishtheposterintenminutes?—Yes,ofcourseIcan.A.can B.must C.need D.should【正确答案】A【详解】句意：——彼得，你十分钟内能完成海报吗？——是的，我当然可以。can能/可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据答句“Yes,ofcourseIcan”可知，问句询问“能否”完成，应填can。7.David________apicturewhenhisdadgothomeyesterdayevening.A.draws B.willdraw C.isdrawing D.wasdrawing【正确答案】D【详解】句意：昨天晚上大卫的爸爸到家时，他正在画画。根据时间状语“whenhisdadgothomeyesterdayevening”可知，这里描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，所以用过去进行时，应填wasdrawing。8.—WhatdidyoudolastSunday?—I________toenjoythepeachflowerswithmyfamily.A.go B.goes C.went D.willgo【正确答案】C【详解】句意：——上周日你做了什么？——我和家人一起去赏桃花了。根据问句中的时间状语“lastSunday”以及助动词“did”可知，此处询问的是过去发生的动作，答语应用一般过去时。go的过去式为不规则变化went。因此，went符合语法要求。9.Myuncle________inBeijingsincehegraduatedfromuniversity.A.lives B.lived C.willlive D.haslived【正确答案】D【详解】句意：我叔叔自从大学毕业以来就一直住在北京。结合句中时间状语“sincehegraduatedfromuniversity”，说明动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语“Myuncle”属于第三人称单数，用has；“live”（居住）的过去分词为lived

。10.—Whereisyourlittlesister?—Oh,she________withwaterinthebathroom.A.plays B.played C.isplaying D.willplay【正确答案】C【详解】句意：——你的妹妹在哪里？——哦，她正在浴室玩水。根据问句“Whereisyourlittlesister?”可知，询问的是妹妹现在的位置，答句应描述妹妹正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时，应填isplaying。11.Inthisfactory,mostofthework________byrobotsnow.A.does B.did C.isdone D.wasdone【正确答案】C【详解】句意：在这家工厂，现在大部分工作都被机器人完成。主语mostofthework与动词do之间是被动关系，且由byrobots可知应用被动语态，根据时间状语now可知时态为一般现在时，结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，work是不可数名词，be动词用is，应填isdone。12.—Couldyoutellme________theschooltriptoBeijingScienceandTechnologyMuseum?—NextWednesday.A.whenwewillhave B.whenwillwehave C.whenwehad D.whendidwehave【正确答案】A【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们什么时候去北京科技馆进行学校旅行吗？——下周三。根据答句“NextWednesday.”可知，问句是在询问将来的时间，且宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以应填whenwewillhave。二、完形填空。（每题1分，共8分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。MakingAnotherKid’sDayItwasthedayafterNewYear’s.Theairsmelledofjoyandlaughter.MymomtookmetoChuckE.Cheese’s,myfavoriteplacetoplaygames.Iwasreallyluckythatday.EverygameItouchedseemedtopouroutticketslikeawaterfall—red,blue,andyellowonesgrowinginmyhands.Ikeptputtingthemintomypocket,andIfeltlikea(n)____13____.ThenIsawaclawmachineinthecorner.Alittleboy,maybesevenyearsold,waspullingthejoystickwithallhisstrength.Hisdadstoodbehindhim,cheeringsoftly.Theboy’sfacewasfullof____14____,asifthattoywasallhecaredabout.Heputinatokenandmovedthejoystickcarefully.Theclawdropped,catchingasmalltoybear.Yes!Butjustasitlifted,theclawletgo,andthebearfellbackdown.Theboy’ssmile____15____.“That’sokay,”hisdadencouragedhimgently.“Tryagain.”Theboyputinanothertoken.Thistime,theclawmissedcompletely.Hisshouldersdropped.Onemoretoken,andtheclawcaughtatoy,buthalfwayup,itstoppedandthetoyfell.Tomakethings____16____,histicketsgotstuckinsidethemachine.Theboy’seyesfilledwithtears.Hisfathertriedtohelp,buttherewasnothinghecoulddo.Theboylookedsodisappointed,asifhiswholedaywasbroken.Istoodtherewatchinghim.Atthatmoment,IrealizedIcouldusemyown____17____tohelphimandgivehimaKid’sDay.Iwalkedoverandsaid,“Hey!”Helookedup.Icountedouttwentyofmyownredtickets.“Theseareforyou,”Isaid.“They’refortheticketsyoulost.”Theboy’seyes____18____insurprise.“Really?”heaskedquietly.“Really,”Ianswered.“Everyonehashardtimes,butyou’resobraveandyoudeserveto(应得的)haveagoodtime.”Hetookthetickets____19____,andhisfacelitupwithabigsmile.Heturnedtohisdadandshouted,“Dad!Look!”Herantotheprizecounter,holdingtheticketshigh.Hisdadsmiledandsaid,“Thankyou.Youmadehisholiday.”Iwatchedhimpickoutasmalltoycar.Hewavedatme,andIwavedback.Mymomsaid,“Thatwasverykind.”Ismiled.Makingothershappygavememorejoythananyprize.Asmallactof____20____canbrightenanyone’sday.13.A.artist B.owner C.player D.champion14.A.worry B.surprise C.excitement D.competition15.A.showed B.spread C.remained D.disappeared16.A.cooler B.worse C.easier D.faster17.A.toys B.tickets C.snacks D.cards18.A.widened B.softened C.brightened D.moved19.A.quietly B.luckily C.happily D.nervously20.A.fitness B.kindness C.shyness D.carelessness【正确答案】13.D14.C15.D16.B17.B18.A19.C20.B【导语】本文讲述了作者在ChuckE.Cheese游乐场，用自己赢来的游戏票帮助一个小男孩，让他重拾快乐的暖心故事。【13题详解】句意：我不停地把票塞进口袋里，感觉自己像个冠军。前文提到作者玩的每台游戏机都像瀑布一样吐票，手里的票越来越多，这种“一路赢到底”的状态，让他感觉像个胜利者。artist（艺术家）、owner（主人）、player（玩家）均不符合语境，champion（冠军）能体现他“大获全胜”的得意心情。【14题详解】句意：男孩的脸上写满了兴奋，仿佛那个玩具就是他的全部。小男孩正全神贯注地玩抓娃娃机，把所有力气都用来拉操纵杆，此时他的心情是激动、兴奋的。worry（担忧）、surprise（惊讶）、competition（竞争）均不符合他专注投入的状态，excitement（兴奋）契合他对玩具的渴望。【15题详解】句意：但就在爪子把玩具举起来的瞬间，它停住了，玩具掉了下来。男孩的笑容消失了。男孩的玩具掉下来，抓娃娃失败，他脸上的笑容自然就没了。showed（展示）、spread（展开）、remained（保持）均与语境相反，disappeared（消失）完美体现了笑容从有到无的变化。【16题详解】句意：更糟的是，他的游戏票也卡在了机器里。男孩已经抓不到娃娃，现在连票也卡住了，情况变得更差了。cooler（更酷）、easier（更容易）、faster（更快）均不符合“雪上加霜”的逻辑，worse（更糟）符合固定搭配tomakethingsworse，意为“更糟糕的是”。【17题详解】句意：那一刻，我意识到我可以用自己的票来帮他，给他一个“儿童欢乐日”。前文提到作者赢了很多票，而男孩因为票卡住了很失落，所以作者想用自己的票帮助他。toys（玩具）、snacks（零食）、cards（卡片）均不是作者能立刻拿出、且能解决男孩困境的东西，tickets（票）是符合上下文的关键物品。【18题详解】句意：男孩惊讶地睁大了眼睛。当作者说要把票送给他时，男孩的反应是惊喜的，眼睛会不自觉地睁大。softened（变柔和）、brightened（发亮）、moved（感动）均与“insurprise”不匹配，widened（睁大）是惊讶时的典型动作。【19题详解】句意：他开心地接过票，脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。男孩收到票，解决了问题，心情是开心的。quietly（安静地）、luckily（幸运地）、nervously（紧张地）均不符合他此时的心情，happily（开心地）完美体现了他的喜悦。【20题详解】句意：一个小小的善举，就能点亮任何人的一天。作者通过送票这个善意的行为，让男孩重拾快乐，也让自己感受到了更多的快乐。fitness（健康）、shyness（害羞）、carelessness（粗心）均与文章主旨无关，kindness（善意/善举）点明了全文的主题。三、阅读理解。（每题2分，共26分）（一）阅读下列体育活动介绍，请根据人物需求选择最适合的运动项目，并将运动项目对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。A____21____IchosevolleyballpassingbecauseIthinkvolleyballiseasytopracticeontheplaygroundandfun.Ipracticeitfor30minuteseverydayafterschool.A

B

C

D____22____Ichoselongjump.Becauseitiseasytopractice.Icandoitathome,inthepark,oranywhere.Mybestrecordis2.6meters.MyPEteachersaidIdidagreatjob.____23____Ichoseplayingbadmintonbecauseit’smyfavouritesport.Ihavetrainedforthreeyears,andthisconsistentpracticehasnotonlyimprovedmyskillsbutalsotaughtmedisciplineandresilience(自律和坚韧).【正确答案】21.C22.B23.D【导语】本文是三位学生对自己所选体育项目的介绍，包括排球、跳远和羽毛球。【21题详解】Xiaoyu在第一段第1句说“Ichosevolleyballpassing…”，直接表明她选择的是排球传球。【22题详解】JinHao在第二段第1句说“Ichoselongjump”，明确他选择跳远。【23题详解】Lisa在第三段第1句说“Ichoseplayingbadminton”，说明她选择打羽毛球。（二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。BIgrewupinasmalltowncalledPalmerston,Ontario.Myparentshadasmallstore,andwelivedasimplelife.Inhighschool,IdreamedofworkinginTV.ButwhenItalkedtoaschooladvisor,shetoldmeIcouldonlybeanurse,ateacher,orahairdresser.Iwastooshytotellanyoneaboutmyrealdream—exceptmyparents.Theyalwayssaid,“Youcandoanythingyouwant.”Withtheirsupport,Iappliedfor(申请)theradioandTVprogramatRyersonUniversityinToronto.Iwasacceptedandgraduatedasthebeststudent.Butfindingajobwasnoteasy.CBCandCTVbothsaidNOtomebecauseIhadnoexperience.ThenIheardthatGlobalTelevisionwasjuststarting.Imadeabravedecision.Ifoundthenameofthepresidentanddecidedtocallhimdirectly.Myheartwasbeatingfast,butIpracticedwhatIwouldsay.Whenheansweredthephone,Ipolitelyaskedforavisittothestudio.Hewassurprisedbutagreed.Ichose11o’clockforthevisit,hopinghemightaskmetolunch.Sureenough,afterthetour,hedid.Duringthelunch,heaskedmedirectly,“Whatdoyouwant?”Ianswered,“AllIwantisachance.Ifthereisajoboncamera,Iwantachancetotry.Ijustwantyoutoknowme.”Threemonthslater,hissecretarycalled.TherewasachancetotryoutforanewgameshowcalledWintario.Iwent,andeverythingwentwell.Igotthejobatonce.Thatwasthestartofa22-yearcareer.Iwentontohosthundredsofshows,appearedinads,moviesandcelebrations,andbuiltalifeIhadonlydreamedofasateenager.Lookingback,Ilearnedthatdreamsdon’tcometruebywaiting.Youhavetobebrave,takerisks,andtakethefirststep—evenwhenyouareafraid.Onephonecallchangedmylife.Youneverknowwhereyourcouragewillleadyou.24.HowdidthewriterfeelwhenshecalledthepresidentofGlobalTelevision?A.Relaxed. B.Nervous. C.Excited. D.Bored.25.Whathappenedtothewriteraftershemadethephonecall?A.Shegotanon-camerajobatonce. B.Shewasinvitedtohostashowthatday.C.Shehadatourandlunchwiththepresident. D.Shewastoldtocomebackthreemonthslater.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthewriter’sexperience?A.Don’ttakeanyrisksinlife. B.Don’tgiveupyourdreamseasily.C.Don’tblindlyfollowothers’advice. D.Don’tmakefriendswithstrictpeople.【正确答案】24.B25.C26.B【导语】本文讲述了作者从小梦想从事电视行业，在父母的支持下进入大学学习广播电视专业。文章告诉我们，梦想需要勇气和行动才能实现。【24题详解】根据第三段“Myheartwasbeatingfast”表明她当时非常紧张。选项B“Nervous”意为“紧张的”，符合文意。【25题详解】根据第三段“Whenheansweredthephone,Ipolitelyaskedforavisittothestudio.Hewassurprisedbutagreed.”第四段原文：“Ichose11o’clockforthevisit...Sureenough,afterthetour,hedid.”因此她得到了参观工作室并与总裁共进午餐的机会。【26题详解】根据最后一段“Youhavetobebrave,takerisks,andtakethefirststep—evenwhenyouareafraid.”作者通过自己的经历告诉读者，梦想不会通过等待实现，需要勇气和行动。这启示我们不要轻易放弃梦想。CWhenyouthinkoffastanimals,cheetahsandfalconsmaycometomind.ButdoyouknowsomeofthefastestlivingthingsonEarthareverysmallcells?IfcellshadtheirownOlympics,whowouldwinthespeedgame?ManuPrakash,ascientistatStanfordUniversity,saysthe“competitors”won’tshowupreadytocompete.“Wehavetogosearchinpuddlesandpondsandinthedeepocean,”hesays.Histeamcollectedinformationonthespeedofdifferentcellstocomparethem.Sohowdothesetinyspeedersmove?Somefastcellsjumporslideacrosswater.Othersmovebywavinglong,thinpartsthatlooklikewhips(鞭子),orswimwiththehelpoftiny,hair-likeparts.Therearealsospeedycellsthatdonotmovefromoneplacetoanotherbutgrowbiggerorbecomesmallerveryquickly,andthismakesthemspecial“speedplayers”too.TakeSpirostomum,forexample.InLiberia,Prakashsawmanywhitespotsinapond.Theywerenotspreadoutrandomly.Hetookasample(样本)andfoundthissingle-celledcreature.Itcanshrink(缩小)itsbodyfasterthananyothereukaryote(真核生物)—alivingthingwhosecellshaveanucleus.Whydoesitshrinksofast?Prakashsaysit’spartofhowitcommunicates.“Itactuallytalkstoothercells…usingsoundunderwater.”AnotheramazingcellisPyrocystis.Thesealgae(水藻)donotswim,buttheymakeahugejourney.PrakashfoundthemdeepintheoceannearHawai’i.Theyneedsunlighttolive,buthowdotheygetit?Thealgaecaninflatelikeaballoontofivetimestheirsizeandthenshrinkbackdown.Thisallowsthemtotravelaboutonekilometeruptothesunlitsurface.Comparedtotheirsize,thatisthelongestjourneyonEarth.Prakashhasfoundmanysuper-fastcellsindifferentplaces.Theseunusuallivingthingshelpuslearnmoreaboutthesecretoflife."Thisplanetisfullofamazingthings,"hesays."Whenwestudyandcomparethem,wewillfindhowwonderfullifeis."27.WheredidManuPrakashfindthefastcells?A.Inriversandcities. B.Inceandonotherplanets.C.Inhighmountainsandforests. D.Inpuddles,pondsandthedeepocean.28.Whatdoestheword“inflate”inParagraph5mostlikelymean?A.blowup B.takeoff C.calmdown D.breakdown29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“speed”ofcellsfromthepassage?A.Itismeasuredbyhowfastacellmovesfromoneplacetoanother.B.Itcanbeunderstoodindifferentways,includingchangesinacell’ssize.C.Itmainlydependsonacell’sabilitytoswimusingwhipsorhair-likeparts.D.IthasbeenfullystudiedbyscientistslikeManuPrakasharoundtheworld.【正确答案】27.D28.A29.B【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了科学家ManuPrakash的研究发现，地球上除猎豹、猎鹰外，部分微小细胞也拥有惊人的“速度”，展现了生命的奇妙多样性。【27题详解】第二段“Wehavetogosearchinpuddlesandpondsandinthedeepocean”，直接说明了Prakash寻找快速细胞的地点。【28题详解】第五段“Thealgaecaninflatelikeaballoontofivetimestheirsizeandthenshrinkbackdown”，句中“像气球一样变大”直接对应“inflate”的含义，与选项A（blowup膨胀）意思一致。【29题详解】第三段“Therearealsospeedycellsthatdonotmovefromoneplacetoanotherbutgrowbiggerorbecomesmallerveryquickly,andthismakesthemspecial'speedplayers'too”，说明细胞的“速度”不仅指移动速度，也包括体型快速变化，与选项B表述一致。DImagineyoujustfinishedahardhiketothetopofamountain.Theviewofthecitybelowisbeautiful,andyouwanttotakeaphoto.Butit’salreadyquitedark,andyou’renotsureyou’llgetagoodshot.Luckily,yourphonehasanAInightmode.Itcantakegreatphotosevenaftersunset.Here’ssomethingyoumaynotknow:thatnightmodemayhavebeentrainedoncomputer-madenighttimeimages—scenesthatwereneveractuallyphotographed.Thiskindofdataiscalledsyntheticdata.Whyusesyntheticdata?AIresearchersuseupalltherealdataontheinternet,sotheyturntosyntheticdata.Butthiscreatesaproblem.Inscience,makingupdataisaverybadthing.Sohowcancomputer-madedatabegood?Isitjustanicewordforlying?Asaresearcher,Ithinkitcomesdowntowhyyoudoitandhowopenyouareaboutit.Syntheticdataisusuallynotmadetocheat.Infact,usingitcanbetherightthingtodo.Forexample,showingrealpeople’sfacescanviolateprivacy,butcomputer-madefacesofferthesamebenefitswithoutthatrisk.Thereareotherreasons.Somethingsaresorarethatthereisn’tenoughrealdata.Insteadoflettingthisbecomeabigproblem,researcherscreatethosesituationswithcomputers.Also,collectingrealdatacanbecostlyordangerous.Imaginecollectingdataforaself-drivingcarduringastorm.It’smucheasierandsafertocreatesuchdatawithcomputers.Howissyntheticdatamade?Researcherscreatesyntheticdataintwomainways.Onemethodusesphysics-basedmodels—forexample,usingthelawsoflighttoshowhowascenewouldlook.TheothermethodusesAIthatlearnsfromrealdataandthencreatesnew,realistictext,images,andvideos.Issyntheticdataperfect?Syntheticdataisnotperfect.Itisonlyasgoodasthemodelitcomesfrom.Researchershavetobecarefulaboutbiases—unfairpatternsinthedata.Itisalsoimportanttoknowthedifferencebetweencomputer-madedataandtherealworld.SyntheticdataisgreatfortrainingAI,butthefinalsystemshouldbetestedwithrealdatabeforeitisused.AIsystemslearnbyfindingpatterns,buttheycannottellwhatisrealortrue.Thedesirefortruthbelongstopeople,notmachines.SonexttimeyouuseacoolAIfeature,remember:syntheticdatamayhavehelpedtrainit.Butrealityisstillthefinaljudgeofwhatwecreate.30.Whydoesthewriterbeginthepassagewiththeexampleoftakingaphotoonadarkmountaintop?A.ToexplainhowAInightmodeworksindetail.B.Toshowthathikingisapopularoutdooractivity.C.ToleadintothetopicofsyntheticdatausedinAItraining.D.Toprovethatphonecamerasarebetterthanprofessionalones.31.Whatissyntheticdataaccordingtothepassage?A.InformationisstoredinAInightmodes. B.Datacollectedfromreal-lifesituations.C.Man-madedatawasusedtotrainAIsystems. D.Realphotostakenbyphonesindarkplaces.32.Howdoesthewritermainlysupporthisopinionaboutsyntheticdata?A.Byarguingrealdataisbad. B.Byshowingitsusesandlimits.C.BylistingAImodelsusingit. D.Bycomparingitwithrealdata.33.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhyAIWillSoonReplaceHumanJudgmentB.ThePrivacyProblemsofUsingRealFaceDataC.HowAINightModeHelpsYouTakePhotosintheDarkD.SyntheticDataIsUsefulbutStillNeedsReal-WorldChecks【正确答案】30.C31.C32.B33.D【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是“合成数据”，为什么要使用它，以及它目前存在的局限性，旨在让读者客观认识这一人工智能领域的关键训练技术。【30题详解】第一段描述了在黑暗山顶拍照的场景，第二段紧接着指出：“Thiskindofdataiscalledsyntheticdata.”。作者利用生活中常见的手机AI夜间拍照功能作为切入点，是为了引出下文关于“合成数据”及其在AI训练中应用的话题。【31题详解】第二段对该术语进行了定义：“…computer-madenighttimeimages—scenesthatwereneveractuallyphotographed.Thiskindofdataiscalledsyntheticdata.”。这明确说明合成数据是由计算机生成的、用于训练AI系统的非真实拍摄数据。【32题详解】文章在“Whyusesyntheticdata?”部分介绍了其在隐私保护、稀有数据模拟和安全性方面的优势，在“Issyntheticdataperfect?”部分则指出了其偏见和局限性。通过展示其用途和局限，作者全面地支持了自己对合成数据的观点。【33题详解】文章大部分篇幅在讨论合成数据的必要性，但第七段强调：“Syntheticdataisnotperfect…thefinalsystemshouldbetestedwithrealdatabeforeitisused.”。选项D“合成数据很有用但仍需现实检验”精准且高度概括了文章既肯定价值又指出不足的中心思想。第二部分本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读表达。（34-36题每题2分，37题4分，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。CanSleepingLongeronWeekendsHelpTeensFeelLessAnxious?Formanyteens,Saturdaymorningsareatimetosleeplonger.Afterabusyweek,theweekendoffersachancetocatchuponsleep.Anewstudyfindsthatsleepingalittlelongeronweekendsmayhelpreduceanxiety(焦虑)—butonlyifteensgetlessthantwoextrahoursofsleep.Sleepisimportantforthebrainandbody,especiallyforteenagers.However,75percentofAmericanteensdonotgettherecommended8to10hoursofsleepeachnight.Schoolandotheractivitiesmakethemwakeupearly,andtheirbodyclocksmakeithardtofallasleepbefore11p.m.Somepaststudiessuggestedthattoomuchweekendsleepmightbelinkedtodepression(抑郁).Butnoonehadcarefullystudiedhowitrelatestoanxiety.SoresearcherSojeongKimdecidedtofindout.Kimuseddatafromnearly1,900teensaged12to15.Shelookedattheirsleeppatterns(模式)andtheirfeelingsofanxiety.Shefoundthatteenswhosleptinforlessthantwoextrahoursonweekendsreportedthelowestanxietysymptoms.Teenswhodidnotsleepin,orwholostsleeponweekends,hadhigheranxiety.Thosewhosleptmorethantwoextrahourshadthehighestanxietysymptomsofall.Kimsharedherfindingsatameetingin2025.Shethinksthatbigchangesbetweenweekdayandweekendsleepschedulesmaycauseaproblemcalled“socialjetlag”.Thishappenswhenthebody’sclockdoesnotmatchthesleepcycle.Itcanmakepeoplefeeltiredandunfocused.Kimdidnotfindaclearlinkbetweenweekendsleepanddepression.Thatmaybebecausedepressionusuallystartslaterinadolescence(青春期).Anxiety,however,oftenbeginsearlier.Fornow,Kim’sadviceforteensissimple:gettingalittleextrasleeponweekendsmayhelpyoufeellessanxious,buttoomuchmayhavetheoppositeeffect.34.Whatisimportantforteenagers’brainandbodyaccordingtothepassage?_____________________________________________35.Whatproblemmaybecausedbybigchangesbetweenweekdayandweekendsleepschedules?_____________________________________________36.WhydidKimnotfindaclearlinkbetweenweekendsleepanddepression?_____________________________________________37.Whichsleephabitdoyoupreferonweekends—notsleepingin,sleepinginforlessthantwoextrahours,orsleepinginformorethantwoextrahours?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)_____________________________________________【正确答案】34.Sleep.35.Socialjetlag.36.Becausedepressionusuallystartslaterinadolescence.37.Sleepinginforlessthantwoextrahours.Reason1:Ithelpsreduceteens’anxiety.Reason2:Itmaycauselesssocialjetlagandhelppeoplestayenergeticandfocused.(答案不唯一，合理作答即可)【导语】本文围绕青少年周末补觉与焦虑情绪的关系展开，介绍了一项最新研究发现：周末多睡不到2小时，能够帮助青少年减轻焦虑；但补觉超过2小时，反而会加重焦虑。【34题详解】第二段提到“Sleepisimportantforthebrainandbody,especiallyforteenagers.”直接提取原文信息。【35题详解】第五段提到“bigchangesbetweenweekdayandweekendsleepschedulesmaycauseaproblemcalled‘socialjetlag’.”直接提取原文信息即可。【36题详解】第六段提到“Thatmaybebecausedepressionusuallystartslaterinadolescence.”直接说明了：这或许是因为抑郁症通常在青春期后期才会出现。【37题详解】本题为开放性题目，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。五、文段表达。（共10分）38.根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。假设你是李华，你们班的英语课正在开展研究性学习,你选择研究同学们周末活动的情况，为此你对班里40名同学进行了问卷调查，下图是部分统计结果。请用英语写一篇短文，简要说明图表内容，并对班级同学参与周末活动提出建议。提示词语：spend,interesting,knowledge,instructive,meaningful,makefriendswith提示问题：•Whatcanyoulearnfromtheresults?•Whatadvicewouldyougivetoyourclassmatesabouttheirweekends?Ididasurveyonmyclassmates’weekends.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【正确答案】Ididasurveyonmyclassmates’weekends.Accordingtotheresults,25outof40studentsusuallyreadbooksonweekends.9studentschoosetovisittheirgrandparents,whileonly6studentsgoonatrip.Fromthesurvey,Ifindthatmoststudentspreferquietactivitieslikereading.Readinghelpsusgetmoreknowledge,butit’salsoimportanttohavemorecolorfulweekends.Ihopemyclassmatescanspendmoretimeoninterestingandmeaningfulactivities.Forexample,wecantakeshorttripstoenjoynature,orjoinoutdooractivitiestomakefriendswithot