福建省莆田市2026届初中毕业班质量调研测试试题 含答案

/莆田市2026届初中毕业班质量调研测试试卷英语注意：本试卷分为“试题”和“答题卡”两部分，答题时请按答题卡中的“注意事项”要求认真作答，答案填涂或写在答题卡上的相应位置。I．听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节听下面五个句子,从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与句子内容相关的选项。（每个句子读两遍）1.A.B.C.2.A.B.C.3.A.B.C.4.A.B.C.5.A.B.C.第二节听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。（每段对话读两遍）听对话，回答小题。6.WhoisJenny?A.Linda’ssister.B.Linda’sfriend.C.Linda’scousin.听对话，回答小题。7.Howmuchisthescarftoday?A.20yuan.B.48yuan.C.60yuan.听对话，回答小题。8.HowwillMikegotoBeijing?A.Bytrain.B.Bycar.C.Byplane.听对话，回答小题。9.Wheremightthespeakersbenow?A.Atazoo.B.Inalibrary.C.Inasupermarket.听对话，回答小题。10.WhatdoesNancywanttobe?A.Apianist.B.Anartist.C.Areporter.11.WhatdoesNancythinkofherparents?A.Theyarestrict.B.Theyarepatient.C.Theyareunderstanding.听对话，回答小题。12.WhenwillJohngoonatrip?A.Onthe20th.B.Onthe23rd.C.Onthe25th.13.WhowillJohngototheconcertwith?A.Hisuncle.B.Hisfather.C.Hisfriend.听对话，回答小题。14.Whatisbroken?A.Thetable.B.Thechair.C.Thedesk.15.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Cleantheclassroom.B.Repairthebrokenleg.C.Asksomeoneforhelp.第三节听下面短文，根据你所听到的内容，完成以下表格，每空填一词。（短文读三遍）School’sReadingFestivalTimeNext________.Activities●________bookswithyourclassmates.●Discussbookswithotherstudentsafter________.●Actout________scenesfrombookseachteam.●Setup________readingcorners.II．选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1.The2026FujianFootballCityLeague(闽超)waslaunched________April9.A.in B.on C.at【正确答案】B【详解】句意：2026年福建足球城市联赛（闽超）于4月9日启动。in在……里（用于年、月、季节等）；on在……上（用于具体某一天、日期等）；at在……（用于具体时刻）。根据“April9”可知是具体日期，具体某一天前用介词on。2.—Simonalwaysgoestobedearlyafterwork.—That’sagood________.Enoughsleepisnecessaryforus.A.dream B.wish C.habit【正确答案】C【详解】句意：——Simon下班后总是很早睡觉。——那是一个好习惯。充足的睡眠对我们来说是必要的。dream梦想；wish愿望；habit习惯。根据“Simonalwaysgoestobedearlyafterwork.”可知总是早睡是一种日常行为规律，属于好习惯。3.—Whydoyoukeepadiaryaboutyourvolunteerwork?—Iwantto________mygrowthandhelpothers,too.A.record B.control C.direct【正确答案】A【详解】句意：——你为什么坚持写关于志愿者工作的日记？——我想要记录我的成长，同时也帮助他人。record记录；control控制；direct指导。根据“keepadiary”可知，写日记是为了记录成长过程。4.—China’sShenzhou-22cecraftflewintocesuccessfully.—That’sgreat!Ifeelso________ofourcountry.A.fond B.full C.proud【正确答案】C【详解】句意：——中国的神舟二十二号飞船成功飞入太空。——太棒了！我为我们的国家感到骄傲。fond喜欢的（befondof喜欢）；full满的（befullof充满）；proud骄傲的（beproudof以……为骄傲）。根据题干“ofourcountry”及语境，飞船成功发射应感到“骄傲”，应填proud。5.—WhatdoesMazuculture________?—Itisasymbolofloveandkindnessacrossthesea.A.careabout B.fillwith C.standfor【正确答案】C【详解】句意：——妈祖文化代表什么？——它是跨越海洋的爱与善良的象征。careabout关心；fillwith充满；standfor代表。根据答语“Itisasymbolof...”可知，问句询问的是妈祖文化象征或代表什么含义。结合语境，standfor符合题意。6.—Whydowedoeyeexerciseseveryday?—Itisagood________toprotectoureyes.A.way B.skill C.ability【正确答案】A【详解】句意：——我们为什么每天做眼保健操？——这是保护眼睛的一个好方法。way“方法”；skill“技能”；ability“能力”。根据“doeyeexerciseseveryday”可知，眼保健操是一种保护眼睛的具体做法或途径，应填way。7.—Howareyougettingonwithyourclassmates?—Verywell.We________helpeachother.A.hardly B.always C.almost【正确答案】B【详解】句意：——你和你的同学们相处得怎么样？——很好。我们总是互相帮助。always总是；hardly几乎不；almost几乎。根据答句“Verywell.”可知，相处得很好，因此应表示肯定、频繁的帮助行为，应填always。8.—Laboreducationhelpsus________thehardworkofparentsandteachers.—You’reright.Italsomakesusmoreindependent.A.complete B.receive C.understand【正确答案】C【详解】句意：——劳动教育帮助我们理解父母和老师的辛勤工作。——你说得对。它也让我们更加独立。complete完成；receive接收；understand理解。主语为“Laboreducation”，劳动教育让学生亲身体验，从而理解父母和老师的辛苦。9.—Putianwonthetitleof“BeautifulandLivableModelCity”in2025.—That’swonderful!Peopleherelivea________lifethanbefore.A.happy B.happier C.happiest【正确答案】B【详解】句意：——莆田在2025年赢得了“美丽宜居模范城市”的称号。——太棒了！这里的人们过着比以前更幸福的生活。根据句中关键词“than”可知，此处表示现在与过去进行对比，应用形容词比较级。应选happier。10.—Couldyoutellme________aboutCaiGao?—Sure.ShewasnominatedfortheHansChristianAndersenAward(国际安徒生奖)in2024.A.something B.anything C.nothing【正确答案】A【详解】句意：——你能告诉我一些关于蔡皋的事吗？——当然。她在2024年获得了国际安徒生奖提名。something某事；anything任何事；nothing没事。something常用于肯定句，anything常用于否定句和疑问句。根据“Couldyoutellme”可知，此处表委婉请求，在表示委婉请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，应使用something。11.—Weshouldhelppeople________.—Iagreewithyou.A.insurprise B.inneed C.inorder【正确答案】B【详解】句意：——我们应该帮助有需要的人。——我同意你的看法。insurprise惊讶地；inneed有需要的/处于困境中的；inorder有序地/妥当。根据题干“helppeople”及常识，帮助的对象应是“有需要的人”，应填inneed。12.Whenwearrivedattherestaurant,they_______dinner.A.willserve B.areserving C.wereserving【正确答案】C【详解】句意：当我们到达餐厅时，他们正在提供晚餐。考查时态。根据时间状语“whenwearrived”可知，句子时态是过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，谓语动词构成是was/were+现在分词。故选C。13.—Hurryup,________you’llbelateforthefilm.—OK.I’mcoming.A.or B.and C.so【正确答案】A【详解】句意：——快点，否则你看电影要迟到了。——好的，我来了。or否则；and和，那么；so所以。前半句为祈使句，结合后半句“you’llbelateforthefilm”可知，应是催促对方快点，否则会迟到，用or连接，构成“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构。14.—Anartshow________inourschoolnextmonth.—Great!Iwanttotakepartinit.A.isheld B.washeld C.willbeheld【正确答案】C【详解】句意：——下个月我们学校将举办一场艺术展。——太棒了！我想参加。本句主语Anartshow和动词hold之间是被动关系，即“艺术展被举办”，应使用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词；根据“nextmonth”可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，应填willbeheld。15.—Doyouknow________?—It’sabouthowtouseAIproperly.A.whogivesthespeechB.whenthespeechbeginsC.whatthespeechisabout【正确答案】C【详解】句意：——你知道演讲是关于什么的吗？——它是关于如何正确使用人工智能的。whogivesthespeech谁发表演讲；whenthespeechbegins演讲什么时候开始；whatthespeechisabout演讲是关于什么的。根据答语“It’sabouthowtouseAIproperly.”可知，回答的是关于演讲的内容主题，因此问句应询问演讲是关于什么的，用what引导宾语从句。III．完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白的最佳答案。EmilyandOliviaaresisters.Whatstartedasasimpleideabetweenthemhasbecomea____16____storyofloveandcourage.Fifteenyearsago,Emily’slifechanged____17____.Shebecameparalyzed(瘫痪)fromtheneckdown.Emilycouldnotuseherhands____18____herspinalcord(脊髓)wasbadlyinjured.Itwasabigchallengeforher,butshenever____19____.In2022,Emilyfoundanewwaytoexpressherself:shetaught____20____topaintonlywithhermouth.Oliviawantedtosupporthersister,andsinceEmilydidnotlikepaintingonpaper,Oliviahadagoodidea.Oliviadecidedtolearnpottery(陶艺)sothatEmilycouldpaintonthepottery____21____paper.Soon,Oliviastartedmakingpotterypieces,andEmily____22____themwithherpaintings.Theircreativeworkgotmuchattentiononline,andvideosoftheirprocessandartwork____23____onsocialmedia.Theyhaveasocialmediapagecalled“WheelyGoodCeramics”.“Wheely”isafunny____24____becauseEmilyusesawheelchair,anditsoundslike“really”.Lifecanbe____25____andunexpected,butwecanstillfindsomethinginit.Withtheloveandsupportofourfamily,wecanturnhardshipintosomethingbeautifulandmeaningful.16.A.clear B.touching C.funny17.A.suddenly B.softly C.easily18.A.but B.because C.so19.A.gaveup B.stoodup C.cheeredup20.A.her B.them C.herself21.A.exceptfor B.insteadof C.togetherwith22.A.connected B.compared C.decorated23.A.introduced B.spread C.disappeared24.A.joke B.note C.name25.A.hard B.lonely C.silent【正确答案】16.B17.A18.B19.A20.C21.B22.C23.B24.A25.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Emily因脊髓严重受伤而瘫痪，但她从未放弃。在姐姐Olivia的支持下，她用嘴含笔作画，而Olivia则制作陶器供她装饰。她们的创意作品在网上广受欢迎，展现了爱与勇气如何将困难转化为美好。【16题详解】句意：这是一个感人的故事，讲述了姐妹之间的爱与勇气。下文讲述的是Emily瘫痪后姐姐Olivia学陶艺支持她的故事，情感基调是积极、温暖的，touching意为“感人的”，符合开篇对故事的整体评价。【17题详解】句意：十五年前，Emily的生活突然改变了。上文提到事情发生在十五年前，下文说她从脖子以下瘫痪了，这种变故是突发的、非渐进的，suddenly意为“突然地”，符合生活中意外变故的描述。【18题详解】句意：Emily无法使用双手，因为她的脊髓严重受伤。前句说她不能用手，后句解释原因——脊髓受伤，because表示因果关系，符合逻辑。【19题详解】句意：这对她来说是一个巨大的挑战，但她从未放弃。上文提到瘫痪是巨大挑战，but表示转折，说明她面对困难的态度——没有放弃，gaveup意为“放弃”，与never搭配表示坚持不懈。【20题详解】句意：她教自己只用嘴巴作画。Emily无法用手，只能自学用嘴巴作画，herself为反身代词，teachoneself意为“自学”，符合语境。【21题详解】句意：Olivia决定学陶艺，这样Emily就可以在陶器上作画，而不是在纸上。上文说Emily不喜欢在纸上画画，因此Olivia选择陶艺作为替代，insteadof意为“代替、而不是”，表示用陶器替代纸。【22题详解】句意：Olivia开始制作陶器，Emily用她的画作装饰它们。姐妹分工合作——Olivia做陶器，Emily在上面画画，decorated意为“装饰”，符合在陶器上绘画的美化作用。【23题详解】句意：她们的创作过程和作品的视频在社交媒体上传播开来。上文提到她们的作品在网上受到广泛关注，说明视频被大量转发分享，spread意为“传播”，符合社交媒体信息扩散的特点。【24题详解】句意：“Wheely”是一个有趣的玩笑。她们为社交媒体页面取名“WheelyGoodCeramics”，其中“Wheely”是一个双关语——既暗示了Emily使用的轮椅（wheelchair），又谐音“really”。这是一个文字游戏，带有幽默色彩，因此joke意为“玩笑”，能突出名称中的创意和幽默效果。【25题详解】句意：生活可能是艰难而不可预测的。全文讲述了Emily遭遇意外瘫痪的不幸经历，生活确实是困难的，hard意为“艰难的”，与unexpected并列，概括了生活的不易。IV．阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分）第一节阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）AMakeYourKeysStrongandSafeOneofthemostimportantwaystostaysafeonlineistoguardyourpasswordsliketreasure.Followthesetipstokeepyouraccountsoutofthewronghands.Createstrongpasswords.♦Atleast12characterslong(but14ormoreisbetter).♦Amixofuppercase(大写)andlowercaseletters,numbersandsymbols.♦Notawordyou’dfindinadictionaryorthenameofaperson,productorplace.♦Differentfromyouroldpasswords.♦Easyforyoutoremember,butdifficultforotherstoguess.Considerusingafunphrase,like“6MonkeyRLooking@U”.Protectyourpasswords.♦Don’ttellyourpasswordstoothers,notevenafriendorfamilymember.♦Neversendtheminanemailorsocialmediamessage.♦Useadifferentpasswordforeachwebsite.Ifonegetsstolen,otherswillnotbeinfluenced.♦Useapasswordmanagerifyouhatetoremembermanyofthem.Itcanrememberyourpasswordsandfilltheminforyouwhenneeded.26.Howmanytipsarementionedinthetexttoguardthepasswords?A.4. B.5. C.9. D.12.27.Whichofthefollowingisastrongpasswordaccordingtothetext?A.Mypassword. B.12345678.C.CatLover123. D.8$BlueBirdsFlying.28.Whyshouldweusedifferentpasswordsforeachwebsite?A.Topreventsendingtheminanemail.B.Toavoidthelossofothersifoneisstolen.C.Tomeettherequirementofeverywebsite.D.Tomakeitfunnytorememberpasswords.29.Ifyoudon’twanttomemorizemanypasswords,youcan________.A.useapasswordmanagertohelpyouB.askafriendtorememberthemforyouC.writepasswordsdownonapieceofpaperD.usetheoldpasswordsfordifferentwebsites30.Whereisthistextprobablyfrom?A.Astorybook. B.Afashionmagazine.C.Asafetyguidewebsite. D.Asciencefictionnovel.【正确答案】26.C27.D28.B29.A30.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何创建和保护强密码以保障网络安全，包括密码的长度、复杂度、独特性以及使用密码管理器等建议。【26题详解】“Createstrongpasswords”部分列出5条建议，“Protectyourpasswords”部分列出4条建议，指出建议总数共9条。【27题详解】“Createstrongpasswords”部分指出强密码要求：“Atleast12characterslong”、“Amixofuppercaseandlowercaseletters,numbersandsymbols”、“Notadictionaryword”，至少12个字符、大小写字母数字符号混合、不用字典词。D项“8$BlueBirdsFlying”符合所有要求。【28题详解】“Protectyourpasswords”部分指出原因：“Ifonegetsstolen,otherswillnotbeinfluenced.”，说明使用不同密码是为了避免一个被盗后其他账户也受影响。【29题详解】“Protectyourpasswords”部分指出解决方案：“Useapasswordmanagerifyouhatetoremembermanyofthem.”，说明不想记住很多密码时可以使用密码管理器。【30题详解】文章介绍网络安全中的密码保护技巧，内容属于网络安全指南，因此最可能来自安全指南网站。BForfarmerSongNaihong,JulyandAugustusedtobeafreetimeaftertheharvest.Butnow,the45-year-oldwomanhaslittletimetorelax.WearingauniformwithherEnglishname“Emily”onthecard,sheskillfullyworkswiththecoffeemachinesatTwoTreeCoffeeinLiyukouVillage,Xi’an,andfinishescoffeeartinjust10seconds.Songusedtogrowwheatandcornforyears.Nowsheworksatthecafe(咖啡屋),whichmainlyservescitypeoplewhocometotheQinlingMountainsforleisure,aswellassomevillagers.“SinceIbecameacoffeeworker,Ifeelyounger,andeverydayisfulfilling(令人满足的),”shesaid.Mostofthecafe’sworkersarefromthevillage.Over10workerslikeSongfarminbusyseasonsandworkascoffeeworkersintheirretime.Thecafe,coveringabout1000squaremeters,wasonceadisusedfactory.Ithaslargepicturesofvillagesages(圣贤)andamovieroom,withgreen,cloud-coveredZhongnanMountainsbehindit.ThecafewasfoundedbyWangHuiting,adoctorfromXi’anUniversityofArchitectureandTechnology.Shemovedtothevillagein2019becauseshelovedtheQinlingMountains’beauty.SinceitopenedinOctober2022,ithasbecomepopularonsocialmedia,andpeopleoftenwaitforseatsonweekends.Tosuitlocaltastes,itservesspecialfoodincludingTianpeiziandleek-and-eggpie(韭菜盒子).ItspopularityisbecauseofthefastgrowingtourisminQinlingandthegovernment’senvironmentalprotection.Thecafehasincreasedthevillage’sincomeandattractedmoreyoungpeopletojoinvillageconstruction.31.WhatdoesSongNaihongdobesidesworkinginthecafe?A. B. C. D.32.HowdoesSongNaihongfeelaboutbeingacoffeeworker?A.Tired. B.Bored. C.Satisfied. D.Relaxed.33.Whatdidthecafeusetobe?A.Abighospital. B.Amountainhotel. C.Avillageschool. D.Adisusedfactory.34.Thecafebecomessopopularmainlybecauseof________.A.coffeeartandfood B.tourismandenvironmentC.workersandservice D.governmentandsocialmedia35.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Thecafehasbeenopensince2019.B.Thecafeisrunbyoneofthevillagesages.C.Thecafewasbuiltonthecloud-coveredZhongnanMountains.D.Thecafehasencouragedmoreyoungpeopletodeveloptheirvillage.【正确答案】31.A32.C33.D34.B35.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了村民SongNaihong在秦岭脚下的“两棵树咖啡馆”工作的故事，介绍了咖啡馆的背景、起源、受欢迎的原因，以及它给当地村民和乡村发展带来的积极影响。【31题详解】第二段中“Songusedtogrowwheatandcornforyears.”以及第三段中“Over10workerslikeSongfarminbusyseasonsandworkascoffeeworkersintheirretime.”表明，SongNaihong除了在咖啡馆工作，还会在农忙时节务农（种植小麦、玉米），对应A选项的场景。【32题详解】第二段中“‘SinceIbecameacoffeeworker,Ifeelyounger,andeverydayisfulfilling(令人满足的),’shesaid.”表明，SongNaihong对自己作为一名咖啡工作者感到很满足，与Satisfied“满意的”同义。【33题详解】第三段中“Thecafe,coveringabout1000squaremeters,wasonceadisusedfactory.”直接说明了咖啡馆的前身是废弃工厂。【34题详解】最后一段中“ItspopularityisbecauseofthefastgrowingtourisminQinlingandthegovernment’senvironmentalprotection.”直接点明咖啡馆受欢迎的原因：秦岭地区快速发展的旅游业和政府的环保政策。【35题详解】最后一段中“Thecafehasincreasedthevillage’sincomeandattractedmoreyoungpeopletojoinvillageconstruction.”说明咖啡馆吸引了更多年轻人参与村庄建设，对应D选项表述。CTheTianshanShengliTunnelistheworld’slongesthighwaytunnel,stretching22.13kilometers.ThisamazingengineeringprojectrunsthroughtheTianshanMountainsinXinjiangandisthemainpartofthenewlyopenedUrumqi-YuliHighway.Inthepast,ittookpeopleseveralhourstocrosstheTianshanMountainswithgreatdifficulty.Now,drivingthroughthetunnelonlytakes20minutes!IthasgreatlyimprovedtheconnectionbetweennorthernandsouthernXinjiang,makingthelocaltransportationnetworkmoreintegrated.Buildingthetunnelwasagreatchallenge.Workershadtobuilditataheightofnearly3000meters.Theyfacedterriblycoldweatheraslowas-42°C,variousundergroundcracks(裂缝)andearthquakes.Thelowestpointofthetunnelis1112metersbelowthemountainridge(山脊),anditsunusuallydeepholegoesdownover700metersintothemountains.Advancedtechnologiesandsmartmethodswereusedinmeasuring,designandsafetyduringconstruction,creatinganewglobalmodelforverylongtunnels.Thetunnelisalsoanimportanteconomicroute(经济路线).Thisquickensthemovementofenergy,farmproductsandindustrialgoodsacrossthearea.Besides,builderspaidmuchattentiontoprotectingnature.Theybuiltspecialpassagesforwildanimalsandunderpassesforraiserstoprotecttherichtypeofplantsandanimalsandlocalforests,reducingharmtotheenvironment.Inshort,theTianshanShengliTunnelismorethanagreattransportationproject.Itincreasesarealdevelopment,reducestransportationcosts,supportsculturalandeconomicexchanges,andimprovespeople’slivesgreatly.Itisaperfectexampleofcreativeandlong-lastinginfrastructure(基础设施)development,bringingmorebenefitstolocalcommunitieswhileimprovingtheconnectionbetweenareas.36.WhatisthelengthoftheTianshanShengliTunnel?A.700meters. B.1112meters. C.3000meters. D.22130meters.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“integrated”meaninParagraph2?A.Famous. B.United. C.Helpful. D.Reasonable.38.Whatchallengesdidworkersfaceduringconstruction?①terriblehotweather②unexpectedearthquakes③freezingtemperatures④variousundergroundcracksA.①②③ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②④39.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A.Thegreatvalueofthetunnel.B.Thechallengesofbuildingthetunnel.C.Theimportanceofthenewtechnology.D.Thewaystomakefulluseofthetunnel.40.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Totellthehistoryofmountaintunnels.B.Todiscussproblemsoftunnelbuilding.C.Toexplainthedevelopmentoftransportation.D.ToshowtheachievementsofChineseengineering.【正确答案】36.D37.B38.C39.A40.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界最长高速公路隧道——天山胜利隧道的长度、建设挑战、技术创新、经济意义及环保措施，展示了中国工程建设的成就。【36题详解】第一段指出隧道长度：“stretching22.13kilometers”，即22130米。【37题详解】第二段指出划线词含义：“IthasgreatlyimprovedtheconnectionbetweennorthernandsouthernXinjiang,makingthelocaltransportationnetworkmoreintegrated.”，隧道极大改善了南北疆之间的连接，推知“integrated”应指使当地交通网络更加“统一、一体化”，因此“integrated”意为“United”。【38题详解】第三段指出建设挑战：“terriblycoldweatheraslowas-42°C”（freezingtemperatures）、“variousundergroundcracks”、“earthquakes”，因此②③④正确。【39题详解】通读第四段可知主要内容：隧道加快了能源、农产品和工业品的运输速度，同时建设者注重保护自然，为野生动物修建通道等，因此本段主要讲隧道的经济价值和环保意义，即“隧道的重要价值”。【40题详解】通读全文可知写作目的：文章介绍了天山胜利隧道的长度、建设难度、技术创新、经济意义和环保措施，最后称其为“中国工程建设的典范”，因此作者的目的是展示中国工程的成就。DAsthemainingredientinlotsofdeliciousmeals,thepotatoisalreadyaspecialvegetable.Now,scientistshaveproducedaspecialnewpotatothatcouldhelppeopledealwiththeeffectsofglobalwarming.AstheEarth’stemperaturesrise,growingcropsinwarmerconditionscouldbeveryimportantforfeedingpeopleworldwide.ResearchersfromtheUKandtheUS,haveteamedupaspartofRIPE—aninternationalresearchproject.Theiraimwastomodify(改良)thegene(基因)toimproveapotatoplantcalledDesireetomakeitgrowbetterinhotterweather.GenesareshortsectionsofDNA.DNAischemicalsthatcarryinstructionsabouthowlivingthingsdevelopandgrow.Scientistsaddedtwogenestothepotatoplant.Theycouldchangeaprocesscalledphotorespiration(光呼吸),whichtakesupalotofenergy.Sobyhavingthisprocesschanged,theplanthadmoreenergyforgrowing.Theresearcherstestedthemodifiedplantbygrowingitinheatwaveconditions(whentheweatherismuchhotterthanusual)atafarminIllinois,theUS.Theyfoundthat,undertheseconditions,themodifiedcropproduced30%morepotatoesthannormalplants.Theprocessdidnotaffectthepotatoes’tasteortheirnutrients(营养).DrKatherine,wholedthestudy,saiditwasimportanttogrowcropsthatcandealwithstrongheatwaveeventstofeedpeopleinplacesmostatriskfromglobalwarming.Scientistswilltrygrowingthespecialpotatoesindifferentplacestoseehownewenvironmentsaffecttheirgrowth.Theyalsohopetomodifyothercropsthatcouldbeaffectedbyglobalwarming,includingcassava(木薯),arootvegetablethatispopularinmanycountries.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Desiree. B.Project. C.Gene. D.RIPE.42.Whatdoyouknowaboutphotorespiration?A.Itisaprocessthathelpsplantssaveenergy.B.Itislessimportanttothegrowthofpotatoplants.C.Itisachemicalthatcanchangethegenesofplants.D.Ittakesupalotofenergyduringtheplant’sgrowth.43.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Normalpotatoescanhardlysurvivehotweatheratall.B.Globalwarmingmakesitnecessarytodevelopmodifiedcrops.C.Thenewkindofpotatoeshasmorenutrientsthantraditionalones.D.Theexperimentwasdoneinmanydifferentcountriesaroundtheworld.44.Whatwillscientistsdonextaccordingtothetext?A.Theywilldefeattheglobalwarming.B.TheywillfindoutthesecretsofDNA.C.Theywillcontinuetheirresearchesonothercrops.D.Theywilldiscovermoreingredientsfordeliciousmeals.45.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.EarthCriesforHelp.B.CropsHelpFightHeat.C.ModifiedPlantsSavePeople.D.PotatoesStopGlobalWarming.【正确答案】41.A42.D43.B44.C45.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家通过改良土豆基因，使其能够在更炎热的气候下生长，以应对全球变暖对粮食生产的影响，并介绍了实验过程、结果及未来的研究计划。【41题详解】根据第二段“Scientistsaddedtwogenestothepotatoplant.Theycouldchangeaprocesscalledphotorespiration,whichtakesupalotofenergy.”其中“which”指代“photorespiration”，而“it”指代前文提到的“potatoplant”，即Desiree。【42题详解】根据第二段“aprocesscalledphotorespiration,whichtakesupalotofenergy”。这说明光呼吸在植物生长过程中消耗大量能量。【43题详解】根据第三段“itwasimportanttogrowcropsthatcandealwithstrongheatwaveeventstofeedpeopleinplacesmostatriskfromglobalwarming”。由此可以推断，全球变暖使得开发改良作物变得必要。【44题详解】根据最后一段“Scientistswilltrygrowingthespecialpotatoesindifferentplaces...Theyalsohopetomodifyothercrops...includingcassava”。这说明科学家接下来将继续对其他作物进行研究。【45题详解】全文围绕“改良土豆以应对高温天气”展开，核心是“作物帮助应对高温”。选项B“CropsHelpFightHeat”准确概括了文章主旨。第二节阅读下面短文E从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。Manyofustrytoavoidhardthings.Wemightstaysilentinclass,refusetohaveatry,orrunawayfromabee.Thisfeelssafeforamoment,butitdoesn’tmakethefeargoaway.Infact,thefearoftengrowsbigger.Avoidinghardthingsteachesourbrainthattheyaretooscarytoface.____46____Thesecretistopracticebeingbrave.Braverydoesn’tmeanyouarenotscared.____47____Startwithatinystep.Ifyouareafraidofspeakinginpublic,firstpracticetalkinginfrontofamirror.____48____Eachsmallstepislikeclimbingaladder(梯子).Witheachstep,yourbrainlearnshowyoucandealwithit.Ofcourse,it’snoteasy.Youmightfeelverynervous.Butthat’sokay.Askyourparentsorteacherstocheerforyou.Rewardyourselfaftereachbravestep.Remember,confidencedoesn’tcomefromhidingfromproblems.____49____Everytimeyoudosomethinghard,youaretellingyourself,“Icandothis.”Sonexttimeyoufeelafraid,don’trunaway.Takeadeepbreathandtakeonesmallstep.____50____Managinghardthingsislikeamuscle(肌肉)—themoreyoupractice,thestrongeryoubecome.Andthat’showyougrowintoaconfidentperson.A.Sowhatcanwedoinstead?B.Itmeansyoufeelthefearandstilltry.C.Itcomesfromfacingthemlittlebylittle.D.Youwillbesurprisedathowstrongyoureallyare.E.Thentryspeakingtoonefriendandthentoasmallgroup.【正确答案】46.A47.B48.E49.C50.D【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了人们面对困难与恐惧时常见的逃避行为及其负面影响，提出了通过练习勇敢、从小步骤做起的方法来克服恐惧、建立自信，最终成长为自信的人。【46题详解】前文提到“Avoidinghardthingsteachesourbrainthattheyaretooscarytoface.”（逃避困难会让大脑觉得它们太可怕而不敢面对），后文引出了练习勇敢的解决方法，空处需要一个过渡句衔接“逃避的坏处”与“应对方法”，选项A“Sowhatcanwedoinstead?”（那么我们能做些什么呢？）承上启下，自然引出下文关于“练习勇敢”的解决方法。【47题详解】前文提到“Braverydoesn’tmeanyouarenotscared.”（勇敢并不意味着你不害怕），空处需要解释勇敢的真正含义。选项B“Itmeansyoufeelthefearandstilltry.”（它意味着你感受到恐惧但仍然尝试。）与上文构成转折与定义，衔接紧密。【48题详解】前文提到“Ifyouareafraidofspeakinginpublic,firstpracticetalkinginfrontofamirror.”（如果害怕公开演讲，可以先对着镜子练习），后文延续了“分步练习”的逻辑，空处需要给出下一步的递进动作。选项E“Thentryspeakingtoonefriendandthentoasmallgroup.”（然后尝试对一个朋友说话，再对一小群人说话。）符合“逐步升级”的逻辑，与“Eachsmallstepislikeclimbingaladder”相呼应。【49题详解】前文提到“confidencedoesn’tcomefromhidingfromproblems.”（自信并非来自逃避问题），空处需要说明自信的真正来源。选项C“Itcomesfromfacingthemlittlebylittle.”（它来源于一点一点地面对它们。）与前文构成对比，语义连贯。【50题详解】前文提到“Takeadeepbreathandtakeonesmallstep.”（深呼吸，迈出一小步），空处需要给出这样做带来的积极结果。选项D“Youwillbesurprisedathowstrongyoureallyare.”（你会惊讶于自己到底有多强大。）符合语境，且与结尾“growintoaconfidentperson”相呼应。V．情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据情景提示，用得体的英语完成下列对话。51.—Howdoyoudo?—________?【正确答案】Howdoyoudo【详解】句意：——你好。——你好。根据“Howdoyoudo”可知，回答也用Howdoyoudo，故填Howdoyoudo。52.—Congratulations!—_________________________________!【正确答案】Thankyou【详解】回应对方的祝贺，答语需要回应感谢，此处可填Thankyou，句首首字母大写。53.—_________________________________isitfromhere?—It’sabout15minutes’walk.【正确答案】Howfar【详解】答句介绍的是距离远近（步行15分钟）。因此，问句是在询问具体的“距离”，Howfar“多远”符合语境。54.—_________________________________?—Ihaveatoothache.【正确答案】What’swrong/What’sthematter/What’swrongwithyou/What’sthematterwithyou【详解】答句描述的是身体不适的状况。因此，问句是询问身体状况，What’swrong/What’sthematter/What’swrongwithyou/What’sthematterwithyou为询问身体状况的固定句型。55.What’syourfavoritesport?________________________________________【正确答案】Myfavoritesportisbadminton.Ilikeitbecauseit’sveryinterestinganditcanmakememovequickly.【详解】本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。故填Myfavoritesportisbadminton.Ilikeitbecauseit’sveryinterestinganditcanmakememovequickly.VI．看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。56.nice______________________________________________57.now______________________________________________58.therebe______________________________________________59.alone______________________________________________60.important,save______________________________________________【正确答案】56.Thisdressisnice./Thedressisverynice.57.Sheisplayingthepianonow./Thegirlisplayingthepianonow.58.Therearesomeapplesonthetable.59.Don'tswimalone./Youmustn’tswimalone.60.Itisimportanttosavewater./Tosavewaterisimportant.【56题详解】图片是一条连衣裙，提示词为形容词nice（好看的），可用主系表结构描述物品特征。用Thedress作主语，is作系动词，nice作表语，符合“某物是……的”的表达。【57题详解】图片是女孩弹钢琴的场景，提示词now表示“现在”，句子需用现在进行时（be+动词-ing）。主语she/thegirl搭配isplayingthepiano，now放在句末作时间状语，符合“某人正在做某事”的表达。【58题详解】图片是桌子上有几个苹果，提示词therebe表示“某地有某物”。主语someapples是复数，be动词are，地点状语onthetable表示“在桌子上”，符合句型结构。【59题详解】图片是禁止独自游泳的标志，提示词alone表示“独自”。用否定祈使句Don’tswimalone或Youmustn’tswimalone表达“禁止独自游泳”的含义，符合图片警示场景。【60题详解】图片是滴水的水龙头，提示词important（重要的）和save（节约），表达“节约用水很重要”的含义。用It作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式tosavewater，important作表语，符合句型结构。VII．短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Asthenamesuggests,inkartisartworkmadeonlywithink.Itisanartform____61____alongandrichhistory.Inkartistsusuallyusedippens(蘸水笔)orreservoirpens(贮水笔)tocreatetheirpaintings.____62____ithaschangedalotanddoesnothaveafixedstyle,itstill____63____(keep)alittletraditionalinfluence.Inkartisoneofthe____64____(old)artforms,whichdatesbacktotheTangDynasty.____65____name“inkart”wasfirstinventedbyWangWei,afamousChinesemusicianandpoetatthattime.Hundredsofyearslater,inthe20thcentury,Westernartbecamepopular____66____(quick)andbroughtchallengestoChineseart.It____67____(be)veryimportanttoprotectanddeveloptraditionalartforms.Duringthistime,therewerewarm____68____(talk)betweenEasternandWesternartistsandotherartactivities.Artistsfoundnewwaystodevelopinkart:theylearnedfrom____69____(it)historyandmixeditwiththebeautyandideastheyfoundinnature.After____