Unit3Environmentalprotection词汇课件高中英语人教版选择性

人教版(2019)新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册

Unit3

EnvironmentalProtectionWordsandExpressions1.emission[iˈmɪʃn]:n.排放物;散发物;(c)

排放(u)emit[iˈmɪt]:v.发出;射出;散发=giveoff：散发，发出（某种气体或气味）=giveout：散发(光,声,热,信号等物理现象)，分发，宣布，耗尽①Weshouldminimizetheuseofprivatecars,which______(emission)alargeamountofgreenhousegases.②The_________(emit)ofgasessuchascarbondioxideshouldbestabilizedattheirpresentlevel.emitemission2.meltvi.&vt.

(使)融化；熔化；软化meltingadj.柔情似水的；感人的meltedadj.融化了的meltone'sheart

使某人的心变软meltdown将……熔化meltinto

溶解成；消散在……中meltaway

消失，消散；逐渐散去meltingpoint

熔点1)Thehightemperatureherewillsoonmaketheicemelt.2)Springishereandsnowismelting.3.starve[stɑːv]:vi.&vt.(使)挨饿;饿死starved

adj.饥饿的；饥肠辘辘的；缺乏的starvationn.饿死；挨饿；绝食starveforsth渴望；急需starvetodosth=desire/long/dying/thirsty/hungry/desperate/eager/mad

渴望去做某事starvesb.into(doing)sth.迫使某人做某事starvesb.让某人挨饿bestarvedfor(of)sth.缺少某物=beshortof=belackinginstarvetodeath：饿死各种“死”法的表达freezetodeathbebeatentodeath

beworriedtodeathbescaredtodeath完成句子(1)I’m________________suchachance.我非常渴望这样一个机会。(2)Ishallnever________________.我永远都不会让自己的孩子们挨饿。(3)Theytriedto__________thesolder__________givingup.他们尝试逼迫这位战士投降。(4)Heisn’tfreeandhe_______________________enoughtimeforsomuchwork.他没有空闲时间，他渴望有足够多的时间来做这么多的工作。(5)Itissaidthatoneelephanthas________________inthatpark.据说，那个公园里的一只大象饿死了。starvingfor

starvemychildrenstarveinto

isstarvedfor/starvesforstarvedtodeath4.seal[siːl]:n.海豹/印章;封条;封口v.密封sealsth(up/down)封上（信封）sealacontract订立合同sealsth(up)(withsth)密封（容器）adocumentundersb'shandandseal由某人亲自签名盖章的文件thesealofaletter信的封口处Hebelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.他认为传统不应该被封存在博物馆的玻璃盒子里。5.release[rɪˈliːs]:vt./n.放开；排放;释放;发布；发泄Don'treleasetherope.别松开绳子releaseaprisoner释放囚犯Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke这座工厂不停地排放烟雾releaseamovie发行影片releasestress释放压力releasesb.from将某人从某地释放releasesb./sth(back)into将某人/某物放回到…中releasenews发布消息完成句子(1)He__________________theprisonlastmonth.他上个月被释放出狱了。(2)Alotofpoisonousgases_______________theatmosphere.大量的有毒气体被排放到了大气中。(3)Once__________(release),theneweditionofthedictionarywillbepopular.wasreleasedfromwerereleasedintoreleased6.habitable[ˈhæbɪtəbl]:adj.适合居住的habitat[ˈhæbɪtæt]:n.(动植物的)生活环境;栖息地habitation

n.居住；住所habitant

n.居民，居住者habitatn栖息地habitablezone

适居带habit

n.习惯Makingthehouse_________(habit)wasamajorundertaking.habitable7.sustain[səˈsteɪn]:vt.维持(maintain);

遭受(sufferfrom);承受住(bear)；证实写出下列句子中划线单词的汉语译意:1.Theyfounditdifficultto

sustaintheweightoffruit.2.Thesefactssustainthetheory.3.Thecompanysustainedlossesofmillionsofdollars.4.Maryconsideritchallengingto

sustainaninterestintheirtalk.sustainability

n持续性；永续性sustainableadj.可持续的;合理利用的sustained

adj.持久的；持续的支撑,承受住证实遭受保持，维持sustainabledevelopment可持续发展makeasustainedeffort做出不懈的努力完成句子(1)I’mafraidthatthisracercouldn’t____________________.恐怕这位选手很难保持这个速度。(2)Thefoundationswerenotstrongenoughto_____________ofthehouse.

这地基不够牢固，无法支撑房屋的重量。(3)Weneedto________________intheafflictedarea.我们要支援灾区人民。(4)Howlongwillyou____________________ofyourboss?对你上司的粗暴无礼，你能忍受多久？(5)Adultoffspringhavetheobligationto________________.成年子女对父母有赡养扶助的义务。sustainthisspeedsustaintheweightsustainpeoplesustaintherudenesssustaintheirparents8.fuel[ˈfjuːəl]:n.燃料;刺激性言行vt/vi(给……)加燃料fuel(up)acar

给车加油fossilfuel:化石燃料addfueltothefire/flames:火上加油1)Thefossilsareovertwomillionyearsold.2)Theyhadenoughfueltoseethewinterout.9.comprehensiveadj.全部的；详尽的comprehensively

adv.包括地，完全地，彻底地，全面地comprehensionn.理解力；领悟力comprehendv.理解；领悟comprehensivequality综合素质beyondcomprehension令人费解readingcomprehension阅读理解10.trend[trend]:n.趋势;趋向;动向trendyadj.时髦的；赶时髦的economic/social/politicaltrends:经济/社会/政治趋势

拓展：trendof……的形势trendin

在……方面的趋势seta/thetrend

开风气之先，带领新潮流1)Youseemtohaveset/startedanewtrend.2)Thereisa/nogrowingtrendtowardsearlierretirement.11.frequently[ˈfriːkwəntli]:adv.频繁地;经常frequent:adj.频繁的;经常发生的frequencyn频繁，频率频率副词有哪些？always:adv.总是often:adv.经常regularly:adv.定期地usually:adv.通常地12.broadcast[ˈbrɔːdkɑːst]:vt.&vi.播送;广播;传播n.广播节目;电视节目(n)alivebroadcast(v)=broadcastlive现场直播broadcaster(n)广播员；节目主持人broadcasting(n)广播；节目制作与广播【broadcast--broadcast/broadcasted】13.restrict[rɪˈstrɪkt]:vt.限制;限定;束缚=limit(to)

restrictedadj.有限的;受限制的restrctiveadj限制的，约束的

restriction

n.限制(法规,约束)restrictsthto...:把…限制在…restrictoneselfto(doing):限制自己在…withoutrestriction不受限制

1)我限制我自己每天吸十根烟。Irestrictmyselftotencigarettesaday.2)我们把学生的数量限制为35人。Werestrictthenumberofstudentsto35.3）镇里限速30km/h.Thespeedisrestrictedto30km/hintowns.4）长裙限制了她的活动。

Longdressrestrictedhermovements.14.seize[siːz]:vt.抓住;夺取;控制(takecontrolof=control=contain)catch/get/grab/take/seizeholdof...:抓住seize/catch/holdsb+bytheleg(hand,arm)

抓住某人的腿/手/胳膊seizesth.fromsb

从某人那里夺取某物seizeachance/anopportunity

抓住机会/机遇beseizedwithfear吓得心惊胆战seizeon/uponsth

突然对某事大为关注；

抓住单句语法填空(1)Therobbertriedtoseizethehandbag________theyounglady.(2)MrBrownseized________theprofessor’sadviceandbegantoworktogetherwiththem.(3)Thepoliceseizedthethief________therightarm.(4)Themen

(seize)astheyleftthebuilding.fromupon/onbywereseized15.reform[rɪˈfɔːm]:vi.&vt.改革;(使)改正;改造,改变n.改革;变革;改良reformern.改革者；改良者

reformationn.改进;改革;改善reformedadj.改革过的，革新的;1.Theteacherthoughtshecouldreformtheboy.3.Thereformsshouldgiveabetterchancetothestudentsinthecountryside.4.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasinceitbeganthereform

andopening-uppolicy.改变改革(制度/政策)改革开放政策单句语法填空/完成句子①Phonemeetingsgetcancelledor

(reform)andcamera­phonesintrude(侵入)onpeople'sprivacy.②Hewhowillreform

(he)mustfirstreformsociety.③Whatweneedinsuchasituationareexperiencedworkers,not_________(reform).④

iswarmlywelcomedbystudents.

教学方法的改革受到了学生们的热烈欢迎。reformedhimselfreformersThereforminteachingmethods16.implement[ˈɪmplɪmənt]:vt.使生效;贯彻;执行n工具；器具；

手段=carryout...:实施;执行implementationn.实施；执行1)Ifnooneobjects,theplanwillbeimplementedimmediately.2)Iwonderhowhemightbestimplementhispurpose.17.harmonious[hɑːˈməʊniəs]:adj.和谐的harmoniously:adv.和谐地harmony[ˈhɑːməni]:n.和谐;协调;融洽;和睦beinharmonywith...:与…和谐/协调/融洽/和睦

(1)Ihaveallalongfirmlybelievedthathumanshouldlivewithnature________________(harmony).(2)Inthis_____________(harmony)country,weallliveandworkhappily.(3)Menshouldlearntolive________harmonywithanimals.harmoniouslyharmoniousin18.moderate[ˈmɒdərət]:adj.适度的;中等的;温和的，中立的vi.&vt.缓和;使适中moderatelyadv.适度；适量；适中moderatein在……方面稳健的/有节制的1.Contrarytopopularbelief,moderateexercisedecreasesyourappetite.2.Theboyisastudentofonlymoderateability.3.Byevening,thewindhadmoderatedslightly.4.Wehopethattheywilltakeamoderatepositiononmostofthekeyissues.适度的中等的温和的中立的19.submit[səbˈmɪt]vt/vi.提交;呈递(hand/pass/present);屈服(giveup)（submitted/submitted）submissionn.屈服；归顺；提交；呈递submitsthtosb把某物交给某人

submittodoing/sth/sb屈从/屈服于某事/物/人=giveoneselfup(tosb):投降;投案;自首1.Intheend,theman___________(submit)totheenemyyesterday.2.Hegaveupstrugglingforfreedom,_____________(submit)tothereality.submittedsubmitting20.chaos[ˈkeɪɒs]:n.混乱;杂乱;紊乱economic/politicalchaos:经济/政治的混乱inchaos:混乱;一片混乱;乱七八糟chaoticadj.混乱的Theearthquakehascausedtotalchaosontheroads.21.onbehalfof:代表(代替)某人;为了某人;为帮助某人=onone’sbehalf=representsb/单位…=standfor...Onbehalfof

everyonehereIwanttothankyouforyourhelp.22.sensitiveadj.

敏感的；灵敏的；善解人意的sensitivelyadv.敏感地besensitiveto对…敏感/体贴besensitiveabout对…介意sensen.感觉；理解力/判断力vt.感觉到sensibleadj.明智的，合理的sensorn.感应器(1)There’snodoubtthattheconsumersarestillverysensitive________theprice.(2)Theyoungmanisrathersensitive________theappearanceofhisfuturewife.(3)MrBrownisquite________(sense)ofthepossibledangerinhislife.(4)Comparedwithhissister,Jerryisevenmore________(sense)to,andmoreeasilytroubledby,emotionalandrelationshipproblems.toaboutsensiblesensitive23.originate[əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt]:vi.&vt.起源;发源;创立originatefrom...

源自...original[əˈrɪdʒənl]:adj.原来的;起初的;独创的;原作的n.原件;原稿;原作originally:adv.原来;origin[ˈɔrɪdʒɪn]:n.起源;起点;出身,起初1)ThediseaseoriginatedinAfrica.2)China’sancientcultureoriginatedintheYellowRiverbasin.24.volume[ˈvɒljuːm]:n.量;体积;(成套书籍中的)一卷;音量turnup/downthevolume:把音量调大/小Howdoyoumeasurethevolumeofagas?25.enterprise[ˈentəpraɪz]:n.公司;企业;事业，进取心=firm=companystate-ownedenterprise:国有企业smallandmedium-sizedenterprises:中小型企业

他是一个积极进取的人

Heisamanofgreatenterprise25.restore[rɪˈstɔː(r)]:vt.恢复(康复q);使复原;修复1.Suchkindness

restoreyourfaithinhumannature.2.Urgentmeasuresshouldbetakento

restoretheriver’soriginalbeauty.3.Heisnowfully

restoredtohealth.4.Thearmyhasrecentlybeenbroughtintorestoreorderatthecapital.恢复(感受)使复原(情况)康复恢复restoresb./sth.tosth.

使复原；使复位restoresth.(tosb.)

恢复(某种情况或感受)restoresth.

修复；整修；使复原(1)Herjobis___________________________.她的工作是修复旧画。(2)Someinsiston__________________________.一些人主张恢复严格的法规。(3)Physicalsportscanhelpto____________________.体育运动可以帮助你恢复健康。(4)Thelocalpeopleexpectto________________________.当地人希望恢复他们的习俗。restoringoldpaintingsrestoringstrictrulesrestoreyoutohealthrestoretheircustoms26conservation[ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn]n对(环境/文物等)保护;保持conserve[kənˈsɜːv]:v.保护;保存;保藏=reserve=protectconservedadj.保守的conservationaladj.保护性；

保存的conservationistn.(自然环境、野生动植物等)保护主义者conservationarea

保护区conservationofenergy

能量守恒(定律)27.dozen[ˈdʌzn]:n.(一)打;十二个

dozensof...:许多;很多score(二十)hundred(百)thousand(千)million(百万)billion(十亿)trillion(万亿;兆)前有数词,不能加上s,后面直接接名词。a

hundredbooks前无数词,需加上s后,然后接上of,再接名词。hundreds

ofbooksseveral/many/afew/some修饰时,以上词既可用复数形式,也可用单数形式severalhundredbooks/severalhundredsofbooks但是注意:若没有加s,其后的介词of可以省略;若加上了s,则其后介词of不能省略。表示“许多，大量”的短语：(1)

一般只用来修饰可数名词复数形式的有：many,dozensof,scoresof,anumberof,quiteafew,agreatmany,等。(2)

一般只用来修饰不可数名词的有:quitealittle,agreatdealof,alargeamountof,largeamountsof等。注意：amountsof

+un:

大量的;修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式anamountof+un:大量的;修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式谓语动词的单复数形式由amount的单复数形式来决定。(3)

既可修饰可数名词复数形式，又可修饰不可数名词的有：plentyof,alotof,lotsof,amassof,massesof,aquantityof,quantitiesof等，这时谓语动词的单复数形式取决于它们后面所接的名词的形式。注意：alargequantityof和largequantitiesof后既可接可数名词复数形式，又可接不可数名词，这时谓语动词的单复数形式要由quantity的单复数形式来决定。Alargequantityofwashingmachines

(have)beensold.Alargequantityofmoney

(be)spentontheproject.Largequantitiesofbooks

(be)senttothevillageschools.largequantitiesofsand

(be)washeddownthehillbytherain.haswaswerewere28.regulation[ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn]:n.章程;规章制度=rule:n.规则;规章follow/obey/observetherules:遵循/服从/遵守规则observetheregulation:遵守章程/规章制度rulesandregulations:规章制度1)Thelocalgovernmentsetupstrictregulationsregarding(关于)furtherindustrialdevelopment.2)Everystudenthastobefamiliarwiththeschoolregulations.29.disposal[dɪˈspəʊzl]:n.去掉;清除;处理=remove=address=getridof=dealwith=dowithdispose

v.清理,去除atone’sdisposal:任某人处理/使用/支配disposalof…的处理；…的处置权=disposeofsb/sth去掉；清除；处理1)Wewillestablishfivewastewaterdisposalcenterswithinthreeyears.2)Iamentirelyatyourdisposal.30.inspection[ɪnˈspekʃn]:n.检查;查看;视察inspect:v.检查;查看;视察inspector:n.检查员;视察员;巡视员1)Theheadmasterhascompletedhisinspectionofalltheclassrooms.2)Thepolicemancarriedoutathoroughinspectionofthestreets.31.fine[faɪn]:vt.对…处以罚款n.罚款;罚金adj.美好的;健康的;令人满意的;纤细的;

精美的;晴朗的1)Shehasfinelinesaroundhereyes.纤细的2)Yourspeechwasfine.令人满意的3)Wewaitedinourfineclothes.

精美的，华美的finesb.for(doing)sth.因某事而惩罚某人befinedmoneyfor(doing)sth.

因某事而被惩罚多少钱finesbsthfor