2027届新高考英语热点精准复习词性转换规律专题复习

2027届新高考英语热点精准复习词性转换规律专题复习(一)名词后缀1.动词变名词的后缀（后缀-ment）①

直接加-mentdevelop发展development发展equip配备equipment设备employ雇用employment雇用entertain娱乐；款待entertainment款待；娱乐agree同意agreement同意assess评估assessment评估astonish使惊讶astonishment惊讶punish惩罚punishment惩罚adjust调整adjustment调整②以e结尾,直接加-mentamaze惊奇amazement惊奇achieve成就achievement功绩；成就arrange安排arrangement安排improve改进improvement改进require要求requirement要求announce通告announcement通告encourage鼓舞encouragement鼓舞involve参与involvement参与move移动movement移动【注意】下面的动词需要去e加-ment：argue辩论argument辩论；论据judge判断judgment意见；判断力(2)后缀-ion①直接加-ionattract吸引attraction吸引construct建设construction建设connect连接connection连接②以e结尾的去e加-ionevaluate评估evaluation评估graduate毕业graduation毕业decorate装饰decoration装饰communicate交流communication交流locate定位location定位participate参加participation参加appreciate欣赏；感激appreciation欣赏；感激associate→association联想;协会celebrate→celebration庆祝congratulate→congratulation祝贺motivate→motivation动力concentrate→concentration集中contribute→contribution贡献distribute→distribution分发promote→promotion促进devote→devotion投入(3)后缀-ationexpectexpectation期待;期望considerconsideration考虑imagineimagination想象力occupyoccupation职业;占领(4)后缀去掉e加

ationinviteinvitation邀请admireadmiration钦佩;羡慕;赞赏preparepreparation准备inspire激励；赋予灵感inspiration灵感relax放松relaxation放松recommend推荐recommendation推荐combine结合combination结合preserve保存preservation保存conserve保护conservation保护organize组织organization组织civilize使文明civilization文明determine决定determination决定transport运输transportation运输explore探索exploration探索(4)后缀-(s)sion规则：-de/-d/-t→(s)sionconclude总结conclusion结论decide决定decision决定divide分开division分配explode爆炸explosion爆炸extend延伸extension延伸expand扩张expansion扩张admit承认admission承认；准许加入permit允许permission许可submit提交submission提交(5)后缀-anceappearappearance出现;外貌guideguidance指导performperformance表演assistassistance帮助,援助acceptacceptance接受resistresistance抵制toleratetolerance容忍relyreliance依赖;信任(6)后缀-enceexistexistence存在;生存preferpreference偏爱referreference参考;查阅differdifference不同(之处)【注意】

下面的动词为例外:occur→occurrence发生(7)后缀-alapproveapproval赞成;批准arrivearrival到达survivesurvival幸存proposeproposal提议;建议(8)后缀-ure/-turepress压pressure压力mix混合mixture混合；混合物fail失败failure失败please使高兴pleasure愉快expose暴露exposure暴露(9)后缀-ydiscover→discovery发现deliver→delivery递送recover→recovery恢复;痊愈injure→injury伤害(10)后缀-agemarry结婚→marriage婚姻pack打包→package包裹store储存→storage储存【注意】

下面的词为“形容词+-age”:short→shortage不足;短缺2.形容词变名词的后缀(1)后缀-y/-rydifficult→difficulty困难honest→honesty诚实brave→bravery勇敢(2)后缀-ness①直接加-nessrich→richness丰富aware→awareness意识;明白,知道conscious→consciousness意识dark→darkness黑暗kind→kindness仁慈;善良sad→sadness悲伤weak→weakness虚弱;弱点fit→fitness健康;适合②以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i加-nesshappy→happiness幸福lazy→laziness怠惰;无精打采lonely→loneliness孤独busy→business商业;生意(3)后缀-thstrong→strength力气;强项warm→warmth温暖;热情young→youth青年时期dead→death死亡true→truth真实wide→width宽度deep→depth深度long→length长度【注意】

下面的词为“动词+-th”:grow→growth成长(4)后缀-ce规则:-ant→-ance或-ent→-enceabsent→absence缺席confident→confidence自信心evident→evidence证据patient→patience耐心silent→silence沉默important→importance重要性significant→significance重要性convenient→convenience方便violent→violence暴力distant→distance远处;距离independent→independence独立innocent→innocence天真;无辜intelligent→intelligence智力(5)后缀-domfree→freedom自由;自主wise→wisdom明智;智慧【注意】

有些“名词+-dom”表示“领域,界”king→kingdom王国;领域有些“动词+-dom”表示“一种状态”bore→boredom无聊(6)后缀-tycertain→certainty必然的事cruel→cruelty残酷;残暴safe→safety安全loyal→loyalty忠诚(7)后缀-ityactive→activity活动real→reality现实equal→equality平等popular→popularity流行secure→security安全minor→minority少数major→majority多数(8)后缀-ilityable能够的ability能力disable使丧失能力disability无能；残疾capable有能力的capability能力responsible负责的responsibility责任possible可能的possibility可能性stable稳定的stability稳定性(9)后缀-cy规则:t/te→cyaccurate→accuracy准确性efficient→efficiency效率;功效fluent→fluency流利;流畅frequent→frequency频繁private→privacy隐私;私密urgent→urgency紧迫性3.表示“人”的名词后缀在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。(1)后缀-er/-rreport→reporter记者research→researcher研究者strange→stranger陌生人begin→beginner初学者perform→performer表演者law→lawyer律师(2)后缀-orinvent→inventor发明者visit→visitor游客direct→director导演operate→operator经营者;操作员edit→editor编辑conduct→conductor售票员;指挥compete→competitor参赛者【注意】

有些以“er/or”结尾的单词不表示人,而是表示物:contain包含container容器cook烹饪cooker炊具draw