高中英语完形填空核心词汇小结

高中英语完形填空核心词汇小结一、动词（重中之重）完形填空中动词选项最多，常考查及物/不及物、动作精准性、与主语/宾语的搭配。1.高频“小词”多义：break:打破；中断（breakthesilence）；休息（takeabreak）；破晓（daybreaks）hold:握住；容纳；举行；持有（观点）；阻止（holdback）reach:到达；伸手去拿；达成（协议）；联系上（reachsb.）draw:画；拉；吸引（drawattention）；提取（drawmoney）；得出（drawaconclusion）catch:抓住；赶上；染上（疾病）；理解；引起（注意）cover:覆盖；涵盖；走过（距离）；报道；支付（费用）count:数数；重要（count=matter）；计算在内serve:服务；服役；端上（饭菜）；起作用（serveas）raise:举起；提高；筹集；养育（raisechildren）rise:上升（不及物，太阳、价格升起）2.关键动作与心理动词：承认：admit,acknowledge,confess影响：affect(v.),influence(v./n.)改变：alter（小改）,change,transform（彻底转变）宣布/声称：announce,declare,claim欣赏/感激：appreciate,cherish,value避免：avoid,escape比较/对比：compare(with/to),contrast(with)考虑：consider,ponder,reflecton贡献：contributeto,dedicateto,devoteto鼓励/激励：encourage,inspire,motivate体验/经历：experience,undergo,gothrough失败/放弃：fail,quit,giveup忽视/忽略：ignore（主观不理）,neglect（疏于照管）,overlook（无意忽略）坚持：insiston,persistin,stickto,adhereto观察/注意到：observe,notice,spot,witness克服：overcome,conquer说服：persuade,convince呈现/代表：present,represent,standfor追求/寻求：pursue,seek,chase反映：reflect,mirror拒绝：refuse,decline,reject（更强硬）记住：remember,recall,memorize忍受：stand,bear,tolerate,putupwith怀疑：suspect,doubt（doubt在肯定句中接whether/if，否定句中接that）理解：understand,comprehend,figureout二、名词（语境与搭配）考查名词与动词的动宾搭配、形容词的修饰关系。1.抽象高频名词：能力：ability,capability,competence途径/通道：access,approach成就：achievement,accomplishment态度：attitude,mindset机会：opportunity,chance挑战：challenge,difficulty特征：characteristic,feature,trait环境：environment,surroundings,atmosphere证据：evidence,proof目标：goal,aim,objective,purpose习惯：habit,custom,routine印象：impression,perception动力/动机：motivation,drive,incentive困境：predicament,dilemma,trouble进步：progress,advancement反应：reaction,response责任：responsibility,duty,obligation场景：scene,scenario,setting技能：skill,technique解决：solution,settlement压力：stress,pressure支持：support,assistance,aid趋势：trend,tendency2.具体名词（常考）：表情/神情：expression,look声音：voice,sound,noise眼神：glance（一瞥）,stare（凝视）,gaze（注视）微笑：smile,grin（咧嘴笑）眼泪：tear,drop脚步：step,footstep三、形容词（情感色彩与程度）判断情感（褒/贬/中）、程度（强/弱）、与名词的修饰。1.情感态度类：积极：positive,optimistic,hopeful,confident,enthusiastic,delighted,grateful,satisfied,amazed消极：negative,pessimistic,disappointed,frustrated,anxious,guilty,ashamed,desperate,awkward,embarrassed中立/客观：objective,neutral,cautious,curious,surprised2.程度与特质类：重要的：important,significant,crucial,vital,essential明显的：obvious,apparent,evident,noticeable相似的：similar,alike,identical不同的：different,various,diverse,distinct,unique可能的：possible,probable,likely,potential普通的：common,ordinary,average,general特别的：special,particular,extraordinary,specific合适的：suitable,appropriate,proper,fit困难的：difficult,tough,challenging容易的：easy,simple有效的：effective,efficient,valid四、副词（逻辑与程度修饰）修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，体现逻辑关系。1.逻辑衔接副词：因此：therefore,thus,hence,consequently,accordingly然而：however,nevertheless,nonetheless,whereas另外：besides,moreover,furthermore,additionally否则：otherwise事实上：actually,infact,indeed最终：eventually,finally,ultimately同时：meanwhile,simultaneously特别地：especially,particularly2.程度与方式副词：完全地：completely,totally,entirely,absolutely轻微地：slightly,barely,hardly逐渐地：gradually,steadily,stepbystep立即：immediately,instantly,rightaway小心地：carefully,cautiously故意地：deliberately,intentionally,onpurpose意外地：accidentally,unexpectedly,bychance五、核心逻辑关系词理解这些词是解完形的关键，它们决定了句子间的走向。因果：because,since,as,for;so,therefore,thus,asaresult;becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto转折：but,however,yet,though,although,while,whereas,despite,inspiteof递进：and,also,besides,moreover,furthermore,what’smore,inaddition条件：if,unless,once,aslongas,providedthat时间/顺序：when,while,as,before,after,until,since;first,then,next,finally,eventually;meanwhile,simultaneously举例：forexample,forinstance,suchas总结：inconclusion,insummary,inaword,tosumup六、高频固定搭配与短语1.动词短语：giveup放弃givein屈服giveaway赠送；泄露turnup出现；调大turndown拒绝；调小turnout结果是；生产lookupto尊敬lookdownupon轻视lookinto调查putupwith忍受comeupwith想出keepupwith跟上runoutof用完getridof摆脱payattent