Unit1PastandpresentGrammar课件译林版英语八年级下册

Unit1PastandPresent译林版把年级下册GrammarLearningAimsLearntheformsofaffirmativesentences,negativesentences,andquestionsofthepresentperfecttense,aswellastheformsofaffirmativeandnegativeanswers.01Understandtherulesfortheformationofthepastparticipleformsofregularandirregularverbs.02Communicatepersonalexperiencesandchangesbywritingsentencesorshortdialoguesusingthepresentperfecttense.03Whattensedoesthewriteruse?Howdoyouknowthat?Lead-inPresentperfecttensePresentperfecttenseTheriseofShenzhenWorkoutrulespresentnow主语+have/has助动词+done(过去分词)+其他现在完成时的基本构成：I/We/You/They+have+done(过去分词）+其它。He/She/It+has+done(过去分词）+其它。They______________theirhomework.(finish）He______________hishomework.（finish)havefinishedhasfinished现在完成时的不同句式：ShehaslivedinWuxisince2002.HasshelivedinWuxisince2002?Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.Shehasn’tlivedinWuxisince2002.HowlonghasshelivedinWuxi?完成时常和以下时间状语连用：already

已经肯定句

yet

还，仍否定句

/一般疑问句

Shehasalreadyfinishedherhomework.句中

Hasshefinishedherhomeworkyet?句末Shehasn’tfinishedherhomeworkyet.句末

ever

曾经肯定句/一般疑问句

never

从未否定句

Haveyoueverseenthisfilm?Ihaveneverseenthefilm.Ihaveeverseenthefilm.PresentationHaveatryShehascleanedthekitchen.(改为否定句)She________cleanedthekitchen.2.TheyhavevisitedsomeinterestingplacesinChina.(改为一般疑问句)______they___________interestingplacesinChina?3.Theyhaveborrowedtenbooksfromthelibrary.(对划线部分提问)____________books______they_________fromthelibrary?hasn’tHavevisitedanyHowmanyhaveborrowedHave/Has+subject+done...?Yes,subject+have/has.No,subject+haven’t/hasn’t.Formthesentencestructureshaschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedTherearemanychangesinSunshineTown...haschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedQ:Whyshouldweusethepresentperfecttense?Myfatherhaslivedherefor20years.

since自从

+过去的时间点/一般过去时从句

for

长达

+一段时间

表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

我爸爸在这住了二十年了。Myfatherhaslivedheresince20yearsago.

自爸爸到无锡以来,就一直住在这儿。MyfatherhaslivedheresincehecametoWuxi.

Theworkershavebuilt2bridgesrecently.just

刚刚,刚才before

以前

recently

最近,近来

uptonow/sofar

到现在为止,迄今为止

Ihaveseenherbefore.

Wehaveseenthefilmthreetimesup

tonow/sofar.once/twice/threetimes…/howmanytimes

in/during/overthepast/last…years/….Hehasjusteatenthefood.Manythingshavehappenedin/during/overthepastthreemonths.

GrammarFocus1:UsageUse1:DefinitionAnactionstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.KeyMarkersOftenusedwith:for,sinceExamplesHehaslivedheresince2010.IhavestudiedEnglishfor5years.❀already

“己经”用于肯定句

句中(助后实前)/句末e.g.I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.=I’vehadbreakfastalready.“还(没)”用于否定句

句末“己经”

用于疑问句

句末

Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?❀yet当在肯定陈述句中含有already时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already去掉，在句末加上yet.I_______already

________(collect)somestamps.

havecollected否：I__________________anystamps______.haven’tcollectedyet疑：________you__________anystamps______?HavecollectedyetTimeadverbials❀already

“己经”用于肯定句

句中(助后实前)/句末e.g.I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.=I’vehadbreakfastalready.“还(没)”用于否定句

句末“己经”

用于疑问句

句末

Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?❀yet❀ever

“曾经”用于肯定句/一般疑问句

句中❀never

“从未”用于否定句

句中e.g.HaveyouevereatenBeijingDuck?e.g.Hehasnever

readthestory.—Haveyou______seenthemovie?—Yes,Ihave.never B.ever C.justD.yetTimeadverbialsGrammarFocus:UsageCoreConceptAnactionhappenedinthepastandhasaconnectionwiththepresent.(Theexacttimeisnotmentioned.)Example1:ConsequenceIhavelostmykey.(Result:Ican'topenthedoornow.)Example2:ExperienceShehasseenthismovie.(Result:Sheknowsthestorynow.)GrammarFocus:StructurePositiveSentencesI/You/We/Theyhave+pastparticiple...He/She/Ithas+pastparticiple...NegativeSentences...havenot(haven't)+pastparticiple......hasnot(hasn't)+pastparticiple...QuestionsHaveI/you/we/they+pastparticiple...?Hashe/she/it+pastparticiple...?ShortAnswersYes,I/you/we/theyhave./No,...haven't.Yes,he/she/ithas./No,...hasn't.GrammarFocus:UsageCoreConceptWeusethePresentPerfectTensetodescribehowmanytimesanactionhashappeneduptothepresentmoment.CommonSignalWordsalready,justever,neveryetExamplesIhavebeentoBeijingtwice.Haveyouevereatensushi?Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulplace.GrammarFocus:PastParticipleRegularVerbs(规则动词)Rule:Add-ed(likethesimplepast)finish-finishedchange-changedcarry-carr