河南省周口市2026届高三下册4月期中英语试卷【附解析】

/河南周口市2025-2026学年下学期4月期中高三英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhat’sOnWeofferarangeoffreepublicactivitiesaboutearthsciencethroughouttheyear.Exhibitions—FromMagmaToMagnetsDiscovertheworkofearthscientistsstudyingancientmagmachambers(岩浆房)inGreenland,inthisnewdisplay.Howdomineralsrichinrareearthelementsform?Whatmakessomemineralscriticalandnotothers?Whyaretheyinthenewssooften?DiscovertheworkofasmallteamofearthscientistsattheUniversityofCambridge,whostudymineralsthatformedinmagmachambersmillionsofyearsagoinGreenland.GreenlandRockExplorersDropinforsomefunwithus,investigatingfascinatingigneous(火成的)rocksfromGreenland.Therockscontainrareearthelements,whichareimportantcomponentsofelectricvehicles,anddevicessuchasmobilephonesandlaptops.HandletheserocksthathavebeengatheredbyresearchersfromtheDepartmentofEarthSciences,andseetherocksshineunderUVlight.EarthSciencesFairDropinandmeetourscientistsfromtheDepartmentofEarthSciences,UniversityofCambridge.Getstuckintofun,hands-onactivitiesrelatingtotheirwork,andfindoutwhatit’sliketoresearchvolcanoes,earthquakes,fossils,meteoritesandmore.Usepowerfulmicroscopestoinvestigatetinyfossilsofplantsandanimalsthatlivedthousandsofyearsago.Findouthowthesemicrofossilshelpuslearnaboutpastclimatesandenvironments.StaffFavouritesToursComeandbeinspiredbythedisplaysandobjectsthatourstafflove.Giantdeer,fossilfishteeth,therocksthatbuiltCambridge...justsomeofthespecimensondisplaythatourstaffcan’twaittodiscusswithyou.Beware,theirenthusiasmisinfectious!Dropintoourshoptobookyourfreeplaceonthetour.1.WhatcanyoudoattheGreenlandRockExplorers?A.Comparerocksfromdifferentplanets.B.Studyrocksundertheguidanceofexperts.C.Examinerocksamplescollectedbyscientists.D.Createfascinatingmodelsofmagmachambers.2.WhatisafeatureoftheEarthSciencesFair?A.Ithighlightsthelatestresearchonfossils.B.Itcombineslearningwithdirectexperience.C.Ittargetsprofessionalresearchers.D.Itfocusesontheoreticallectures.3.Whatdoesthefouractivitieshaveincommon?A.Theyneedtopayanadmissionfee.B.Theyrequirepeopletomakeareservation.C.Allaresuitableforearthscienceenthusiasts.D.Allattachimportancetoscientists’involvement.【正确答案】1.C2.B3.CBIn2003,ayoungSwissresearchernamedMartinSurbeckfoundhimselflostandverytiredwhilewalkingthroughthethick,perilousjungleoftheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo(DRC).Justweeksbefore,hehadansweredanadvertisementforafieldassistant,eagerfortherarechancetostudybonobos,atypeofanimalthatishardtofind.However,ashewalkedslowlythroughtheveryhotweather,crossedchest-highrivers,anddodgedthesharpspikesofthelocalplants,hebegantodeeplyregrethisdecision.“WhattheheckamIdoinghere?”hewondered,feelingcompletelyalone.Despitehisdoubts,Surbeckcontinuedhishardjourney.Followingtheshyanimalsfrombelow,hetrackedthemalonganewpathhighupinthetrees.Suddenly,thethickforestopeneduptorevealabeautifulpondcoveredwithwaterlilies.Surbeckwatchedinamazementasthebonobossteppedintothewater,pullingupandeatingthefloatingplantslikechicpartyguestsenjoyingsmallsnacks.Thatsingle,beautifulmomentpermanentlyhookedhimonstudyingthespecies.Today,SurbeckisanassociateprofessoratHarvardUniversity,havingspentalotoftimeobservingwildbonobos.Hisimportantfieldworkchangestheoldbeliefthattheseanimalsarecompletelypeaceful.Instead,hehasseenhighlycomplexsocietiesledbyfemales.Inthesesocialgroups,strongfemalegroupsworktogethertokeepthemalesinline,andmothersplayabigroleinhelpingtheirsonsfindgoodmates.Bonobos,alongwithchimpanzees,arehumanity’sclosestlivingrelatives.Standingthreetofourfeettall,theyarethesmallestofthegreatapesanduseadvancedcommunication,includingsymbols,handsigns,andsounds.Sadly,theyareingreatdanger;habitatlossandillegalhuntinghavereducedtheirwildpopulationtojust10,000to50,000individuals,whicharefoundonlywithintheDRC.Surbeck’scontinuousresearchisveryimportant.Bytrackingtheselong-livedanimalsovermanyyears,hisworkgoesbeyondlimitedstudiesinzoos,allowingscientiststoseehowindividualschangeovertimeandconstantlyreshapeourunderstandingoftheirtruenature.4.WhydidSurbeckregrethisdecisiontogototheDRC?A.Hefeltalittlehomesick.B.Hefailedtofindbonobosasplanned.C.Hiscompanydidn’tpayenoughforhim.D.Thelocalenvironmentandweatherwereveryterrible.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chic”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Elegant. B.Odd. C.Rigid. D.Retired.6.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutbonobos’female-dominatedsocialstructure?A.Itisausualphenomenonamonganimals.B.Itcontradictspeople’straditionalopinion.C.Itshowsbonobos’highintelligence.D.Itisalearnedsocialpattern.7.WhatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningSurbeck’swork?A.Itsgreatsignificance. B.Itspotentiallimitations.C.Itsuniquemethods. D.Itsappealtomorescientists.【正确答案】4.D5.A6.B7.ACAlargeinternationalcollaborationbetweenresearchersattheUniversityofHuddersfieldandtheUniversityofSouthamptonhasshednewlightonwhenandhowmodernhumansfirstsettledNewGuineaandAustralia.Theprojectcombinedarchaeogeneticsandmaritimearchaeology,withgeneticanalysisledbyProfessorMartinRichards.DuringthelastIceAge,sealevelswerefarlower,andNewGuineaandAustraliaformedasinglelandmassknownasSahul.Scientistshavelongdebatedwhenhumansfirstreachedthisregionandwhichroutestheyfollowed.Toaddressthis,theteamintegratedevidencefromgenetics,archaeology,earthscience,andoceanographytoreconstructearlymigrationpatterns.AlthoughitiswidelyacceptedthattheancestorsofNewGuineansandAboriginalAustralianshavelivedinSahulfortensofthousandsofyears,thetimingoftheirarrivalremainsdisputed.The“longchronology”proposessettlementaround60,000yearsago,whilethe“shortchronology”suggestsalaterdateof45,000-50,000yearsago.Totestthesetheories,researchersanalyzednearly2,500mitochondrialDNA(mtDNA)genomesfrompopulationsinSahul,SoutheastAsia,andthewesternPacific.BecausemtDNAispasseddownfrommothersandaccumulatesmutations(变异)overtime,itallowsscientiststotrackdeepancestrallineages(血统).Usinga“molecularclock”approach,theydatedtheoldestlineagesuniquetoAboriginalAustraliansandNewGuineanstoabout60,000yearsago,supportingthelongchronology.Thedataalsorevealedmultiplemigrationroutes.WhilemanylineagestracetonorthernSoutheastAsia,includingnorthernIndonesiaandthePhilippines,othersoriginatefromsouthernregionssuchasMalaysiaandIndochina.ThissuggeststhatearlyhumansenteredSahulviaatleasttwodistinctpathways.Thesefindingsagreewitharchaeologicalandenvironmentalevidence,strengtheningthecaseforanearlierhumanarrival.However,researchersnotethatmolecularclockestimatesremainopentorevision.Futurework,includingwhole-genomeanalysisandthepotentialrecoveryofancientDNA,mayfurtherimproveourunderstandingofthisremarkableearlymigration.8.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheresearchmentionedinthetext?A.Tocomparedifferentgeneticanalysismethods.B.ToexamineclimatechangeduringtheIceAge.C.TostudyculturaltraditionsofAboriginalAustralians.D.TodeterminethesituationoffirsthumansettlementinSahul.9.WhatcanwesayabouttheroleofmtDNAgenomesdataaccordingtothetext?A.Itrevealsthatscientistsfacesevereerrors.B.Itprovidesevidenceforscientists’theories.C.Itcanpredictthetrendsofhumanlineages.D.ItprovesthatmtDNAchangesrapidlyovertime.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutearlyhumanmigrationtoSahul?A.ItwaslimitedtonorthernSoutheastAsia.B.Itbeganapproximately45,000-50,000yearsago.C.Itlikelyinvolvedmultipleroutesfromdifferentregions.D.Ithappenedafterpleasantenvironmentalconditions.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RemappingHumanity’sEarlyMigrationB.TheArgumentovertheAgeofSahulContinentC.CulturalDifferencesBetweenEarlyHumanGroupsD.DebatingtheTimingofHumanDeparturefromSahul【正确答案】8.D9.B10.C11.ADFewphrasesfeelmorecomfortingthan“Iagree”.Itsignalsthatourthinkingisacceptedbysomeoneelse.Butwhenagreementcomesfromamachine,thesituationbecomesdifferent.Arecentstudyon“sycophanticAI”highlightsthisissue.Researchersfoundthatsomelanguagemodelscanadjusttheirresponsestofitauser’sbeliefsandavoidcontradictingthem.Theseinteractionsmaystillfeelthoughtfulandhelpful,whichisexactlywhytheycanbesoconvincing.Yettheeffectdiffersfromrealhumandiscussion,whereideasareoftentestedratherthansimplysupported.Goodconversationusuallycontainssomedivision.Ideasmeetopposingviewsthatpushustothinkmoreclearly.SycophanticAIchangesthisprocess.Insteadofrealdialogue,themodeloftenmirrorstheuser’sviewpointandsteerstheconversationinsatisfyingdirections.Fromtheuser’sperspective,theexchangeseemsnaturalandintelligent,creatingtheimpressionthatthemodelunderstandsthereasoningbeingshared.Overtime,however,thisagreementmaystrengthenconfidenceinanideawithoutimprovingunderstanding.Toexaminethiseffect,researchersusedarule-discoverypuzzle.Whenfeedback(反馈)matchedthecorrectrule,participantsgraduallyreachedtherightanswer.Butwhenfeedbackquietlysupportedtheparticipant’sinitialidea—evenifitwaswrong—discoveryratesdroppedsharplywhileconfidenceincreased.Nothingfalsewasadded.Instead,theinteractionreinforcedexistingbeliefsandremovedthecontradictionthatnormallysharpensjudgment.Thispatterncanalsoappearinreallife.Whileexploringapossiblebusinessopportunity,Ioncefoundthatalanguagemodelreflectedmyreasoningandhelpedbuildastorythatmadetheideaseemincreasinglypromising.Eachstepfeltlogicalandencouraging,yetthefinaloutcometurnedoutverydifferent.Themodelhadnotinventedfacts;itsimplyfollowedmyexpectationsandfilledingapsthatsupportedthem.Humanknowledgehaslonggrownthroughdebate,evidence,anddisagreement.TheriskofsycophanticAIisn’tsimplythatitagreeswithus.It’sthatagreementcanquietlyreplacetheresistancethatmakesthinkingeffectiveandreliable.Therefore,theresponsibilityformaintainingthatresistancemayincreasinglyfallonusers.Afterall,theconversationsthatsharpenourthinkingrarelybeginwithagreement.12.WhatcanweknowaboutsycophanticAIfromparagraph2?A.Itmakesconversationslesspersuasive.B.Ithelpsusersdebateandimprovetheirideas.C.Itsupportsusers’viewstoavoiddisagreements.D.Itencouragesuserstoreexaminetheirownideas.13.Whydidparticipantsbecomelesssuccessfulinfindingthecorrectrule?A.Thefeedbackstrengthenedtheirbeliefsinsteadofchallengingthem.B.Thepuzzlegrewincreasinglycomplexastheresearchcontinued.C.Theresearchersgaveparticipantssomefalseinformation.D.Theparticipantslackedconfidenceintheirownreasoning.14.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’spersonalexperienceinparagraph5?A.AIcanhelppeopleachievebusinesssuccesseasily.B.AImaygiveafalsesenseofreliabilitytoone’sideas.C.AI’sadviceisobviouslydifferentfromhumanadvice.D.Languagemodelsarehelpfulinfindingbusinessopportunities.15.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforAIusers?A.Prioritizethequalityoftasks.B.Enhancetheabilitytotakerisks.C.Engageinregularself-reflectionpractices.D.Learntoquestionandimprovecriticalthinking.【正确答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Afterabadcarrentalexperience,Ikeptreadingonlinereviewsevenafteritended.Manypeopledothiswithhotels,ormoviesaftermakingachoice.____16____,sowhycontinue?Thishabitmayseempointless,butitrevealshowwetrytounderstandourexperiences,especiallynegativeones,andmakesenseofwhathappenedafterwards.____17____.Thisfeeling,calledpost-decisiondissonance,occurswhenwewonderifanotherchoicemighthavebeenbetter.Evensmallselectioncancausethisdiscomfort.Oftencalled“buyer’sremorse”,itisnotlimitedtoshopping.Itcanarisewheneverwechooseonepathandgiveupothers,leavingusunsureaboutouroption.Becauseofthisdiscomfort,weoftenturntoreviewstomakesenseofwhathappened.Forexample,aftermycarrentalproblem,Iwasn’tseekingadvice.Instead,Iwantedcomfort.____18____.Inthisway,reviewshelpuschangethestorywetellourselves,reducingoursuspicionsaboutpastchoices.Peoplealsolookforvalidationandsocialproof.Wewanttoknowwhetherothershadsimilarexperiencesandwhetherourreactionswere“right”.Reviewshelpuscompareourfeelingswiththoseofothers,andconfirmationbiasalsoinfluencesus.Wetendtoreadopinionsthatagreewithus,whetherpositiveornegative.____19____.Ultimately,readingreviewsafteranexperienceisnotaboutlearningnewfacts.Itisaboutmanagingourfeelings.____20____.Thishabitshowsthatpeoplewantreassurance,asenseofbelonging,andaclearstoryabouttheirexperiences.Ratherthanseekinginformation,wearereallyseekingemotionalcomfortandclosure.A.WearenolongergatheringusefulinformationB.Aftermakingadecision,peopleoftenfeelinnerconflictC.WekeepreflectingonchoicestoimprovefuturedecisionsD.Wetrytoreducedoubt,confirmourviews,andfeelunderstoodE.WeexpecttofeelmoreconfidentaboutwhatwealreadybelieveF.ReadingnegativereviewshelpedmefeelthattheproblemwasnotjustmyfaultG.Itshowssomethingimportantabouthowwecompareourexperienceswithothers’【正确答案】16.A17.B18.F19.E20.D第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。At79,IlivedaloneinChicago,withmysoninCaliforniaandmydaughterwithgranddaughtersinNewEngland.Oldfriendshadeithermovedawayorpassedon,somychildrenoften____21____metomove,butIthoughtit____22____—Iwasnoyounggirlinanoldneighborhood,butalifelongChicagoan.Bornandraisedthere,Icouldn’t____23____toleavemyhomeandbelovedthings.Yetanunexpectedhospitalstaymademerethink.Activitiesalonegrewboring,andIcouldn’t____24____myoldlifestyleonafixedincome,which____25____medeeplyandtrappedmeinregret.Ididn’twanttobecomea____26____.Iwasfinallyconvincedto____27____.Californiawasnotafeasible____28____duetomyson’sfrequenttrips,soIchosemydaughter’sMassachusettstownwithaffordableseniorliving.Sellingmyhousewas____29____,asIhadtosortlifelongpossessionsintothreepilesandabandonmany.Finally,Idroveeast,wishingnottogetlost.Afterasmoothtrip,I____30____withmydaughter.Atfirst,Ifaced____31____withunfamiliarstreets,butNewEnglanderswerefriendly;Iinterpretedtheirkindnessasa____32____.Imadenewfriends,tookgymclassesandembracedlocalsports.Iwastrulyhappywithmyfamilyaroundandanewgreat-granddaughter.Onedoorclosed,andanother____33____.Allittookwasthefirststep,andI’mgladItookit.____34____,itshowedmelettinggoofthefamiliarcan____35____unexpectedhappinessandabrand-newlife.21.A.warned B.urged C.taught D.hated22.A.ridiculous B.rare C.undeniable D.complicated23.A.afford B.offer C.manage D.bear24.A.sustain B.quit C.overlook D.admire25.A.fueled B.weighed C.moved D.annoyed26.A.realdeal B.deadloss C.toughnut D.smallfry27.A.holdon B.startover C.slowdown D.getaround28.A.goal B.excuse C.assumption D.option29.A.breathtaking B.low-profile C.pocket-friendly D.heartbreaking30.A.reunited B.collaborated C.corresponded D.communicated31.A.expectation B.confusion C.responsibility D.prejudice32.A.challenge B.reminder C.welcome D.demand33.A.unfolded B.narrowed C.transformed D.faded34.A.Suddenly B.Initially C.Essentially D.Undoubtedly35.A.dismiss B.replace C.yield D.assess【正确答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.B26.C27.B28.D29.D30.A31.B32.C33.A34.D35.C第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InancientChina,farmerscultivatedmorethancrops;theynurturedadeepunderstandingofthenaturalworld.Thisancientwisdomlong____36____(preserve)inclassicalChineseagrariantextsisbeingrevisitedthroughcontemporaryallelopathy(植化相克)research,offering____37____refreshingviewforsustainableagricultureandpotentiallytransformingtheenergysector.OneleadingresearcherinthisareaisBingLifromBeijingUniversityofChineseMedicine.Li’swork,recentlypublishedinFrontiersinAgronomy,____38____(bridge)thegapbetweenancientagriculturalpracticesandmodernscientificunderstanding,focusingontheprinciplesof“mutualengendermentandrestraint”.Theseprinciples,____39____describethebeneficialandinhibitoryinteractionsbetweenplants,arecurrentlybelieved____40____(serve)asacornerstoneofsustainablefarmingpractices.Allelopathyhaslongbeenstudiedinmodernagriculture.However,Li’sresearchtakesa____41____(whole)uniqueapproachbyintegratingancientChinesetheorieswithcutting-edgephytochemicalstudies.Li’s____42____(finding)alsohavevaluesfortheenergysector.Asbiofuelsbecomemoreimportant,understandingthenaturalinteractioncanhelpenergycropsgrowbetter.Thisapproachcanhelpfarmersincreaseyield,decreasetheneedforchemicalfertilizers,____43____lowertheenvironmentalimpactofbiofuelproduction.Forinstance,certainplantscanreleasechemicalsthatinhibitthegrowthofweedsorpests,____44____(reduce)theuseofharmfulchemicalsandpromotingabalancedecosystem.Aswecontinuetodealwiththechallengesofclimatechangeandthe____45____(insufficient)ofresources,theinsightsfromancientChinesetextsandmodernallelopathyresearchmaywellshapethefutureofsustainabledevelopment.【正确答案】36.preserved37.a38.bridges39.which40.toserve41.wholly42.findings43.and44.reducing45.insufficiency第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你班的交换生Chris希望能到你家品尝中餐。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：（1）表示欢迎；（2）约定见面的时间；（3）介绍你家人准备的特色中餐。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearChris,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【参考范文】DearChris,I’mmorethangladtoreceiveyourmessageandwarmlywelcomeyoutomyhomeforauthenticChinesefood!Myparentsarealsolookingforwardtomeetingyou.Shallwemeetattheschoolgateat5:00pmthisSaturday?Iwilltakeyouhomedirectly.It’snotfarfromourschool,anditwilltakeusonly15minutesbybus.MyparentswillpreparesometypicalChinesedishes,suchasdumplings,KungPaochickenandmapotofu.Theyarefamousfortheirgreattastesanddifferentflavors.Iwillalsotellyouaboutthefoodculturebehindthemduringthemeal.Ibelieveyouwillhaveapleasantandunforgettableexperience.Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。JasonwasatalentedboyandenthusiastforChinesetraditionalculture,especiallybrushcalligraphy.Hisgiftedskillincalligraphywasexceptionalbecauseonlyafterthreeyearsofpracticingthisart,hisartworkhadwonfirstprizeintheArtsCompetitionforForeigners,andhehadbeenofferedascholarshiptostudycalligraphyinChina.Hehadtosignupfortheonlinecoursebecausethetwocountriesaretoodistant.However,hisparentsdreamedofseeinghimbecomeadoctor.Jasonwasstandingatthecrossroadsofhislife—thechoicewouldshapehisfuture.Hewantedtofollowhisownpath,butalsowantedtofulfilhisparents’dream.Deeplytroubled,Jasoncouldnotthinkclearlyaboutit.So,hedecidedtoseekadvicefromtheseniorschooladvisorGilbert,whowasalwaysthoughtpraiseworthyforhelpingthoseinadilemma,offeringinsightstothestudentsconfusedabouttheirfuturecourse,andinspiringeverystudenttotrytobeflexiblewhenfacingachallenge,andtoseetheworldfrommorethanoneperspective.JasonexpressedhisconcernandfrustrationaftermeetingGilbertathisoffice.Afterlisteningcarefully,Gilbertwalkedtohisshelfandreturnedwithabundleofhandwrittenpoetry,passingittoJasonandsaying,“Ioncewantedtobeapoet.Iwasblessedwiththeabilitytoturnwordsintoverses.Butmymotherwishedformetofindapositionasaconsultanttohelppeopleoutofdistressandshinetheirroadahead.Icouldnotrefuseher,soIfollowedherwish.Overtime,mypoetryfoundanewdirection—praisingthevir