2026届九年级语文中考一轮复习古诗文鉴赏专项训练卷（含答案解析与评分细则）Morrow0524第037套

2026届九年级语文中考一轮复习古诗文鉴赏专项训练卷（含答案解析与评分细则）Morrow0524第037套第页2026届九年级语文中考一轮复习古诗文鉴赏专项训练卷（含答案解析与评分细则）Morrow0524第037套九年级语文中考一轮复习｜古诗文鉴赏｜VIP适用对象2026届九年级学生；适用于中考一轮复习课堂训练、限时测评与课后巩固。题型结构古诗词曲阅读鉴赏、文言文阅读鉴赏、古诗文综合运用三部分。总分与时间总分110分；考试/训练时间90分钟。答案解析状态含参考答案、解析要点、易错提醒与评分细则，便于批改与讲评。交付形态可打印、可编辑、可直接训练。姓名：________________班级：________________得分：________________使用说明：本卷聚焦古诗文鉴赏基础能力、文本细读能力与综合表达能力，建议独立完成后对照答案订正。

2026届九年级语文中考一轮复习古诗文鉴赏专项训练卷（含答案解析与评分细则）Morrow0524第037套试卷正文一、答题注意事项1.本卷共23题，满分110分，考试/训练时间90分钟。2.答题前请核对题号，按要求在相应答题区作答，书写要清楚、规范。3.古诗文鉴赏题应结合具体词句分析，避免只写空泛结论。4.主观题答案不要求逐字一致，能围绕题干要点作出合理解释即可得分。二、题型结构说明部分题号内容分值第一部分1—8古诗词曲阅读鉴赏32分第二部分9—16文言文阅读鉴赏42分第三部分17—23古诗文综合运用36分合计：110分。第一部分古诗词曲阅读鉴赏（32分）（一）阅读下面两首古诗词，完成1—4题。（12分）次北固山下客路青山外，行舟绿水前。潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。海日生残夜，江春入旧年。乡书何处达？归雁洛阳边。渔家傲·秋思塞下秋来风景异，衡阳雁去无留意。四面边声连角起，千嶂里，长烟落日孤城闭。浊酒一杯家万里，燕然未勒归无计。羌管悠悠霜满地，人不寐，将军白发征夫泪。1.（3分）下列对《次北固山下》的理解，不正确的一项是（）A.首联点明行旅之地，写诗人乘舟经过青山绿水之间。B.颔联用“阔”“悬”写出江面开阔、风势平稳的景象。C.颈联在时序交替中寄寓新旧更替、生机萌发的哲理意味。D.尾联写诗人已经收到家书，因此托归雁把书信送回洛阳。2.（3分）“海日生残夜，江春入旧年”一联最突出的表达效果是（）A.以静写静，表现旅途夜色沉寂冷清。B.把自然景象与时间推移融为一体，呈现积极昂扬的气息。C.只写海上日出，与诗人的思乡情绪没有关联。D.用夸张写江水汹涌，暗示行舟十分危险。3.（3分）下列对《渔家傲·秋思》的赏析，正确的一项是（）A.“塞下秋来风景异”总领上片，突出边塞秋景与内地不同。B.“长烟落日孤城闭”表现边塞城市繁华热闹、军民安定。C.“燕然未勒归无计”说明将士已经建功立业，可以马上返乡。D.“将军白发征夫泪”只表现将军个人的忧愁，与士卒无关。4.（3分）比较两首作品的情感，下列说法最恰当的一项是（）A.两首都只写愉悦之情，没有思乡意味。B.前者在清新景象中含旅途乡思，后者在苍凉边景中融思乡与报国不得归的矛盾。C.前者主要写战争苦难，后者主要写山水闲适。D.两首都以豪放语气写建功立业后的轻松归隐。（二）阅读下面古诗，完成5—8题。（20分）望岳岱宗夫如何？齐鲁青未了。造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓。荡胸生曾云，决眦入归鸟。会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。5.（4分）解释“造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓”中“钟”“割”两个字的表达作用。答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（4分）尾联“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”抒发了诗人怎样的志向与胸襟？答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.（6分）请从视角变化或动静结合的角度，赏析“荡胸生曾云，决眦入归鸟”。答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.（6分）本诗是登临抒怀的名篇。请结合全诗，说说诗人如何由写景转入抒情，并概括这种写法对中考古诗鉴赏的启示。答：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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第二部分文言文阅读鉴赏（42分）阅读下面两则文言材料，完成9—16题。（42分）【甲】嗟夫！予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为，何哉？不以物喜，不以己悲。居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧，退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶？其必曰：“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”乎！噫！微斯人，吾谁与归？【乙】范文正公守郡，暇日登楼，见民有寒色，辄命吏问其故。岁歉则减膳赈贷，课农修堤。或劝公曰：“郡政烦，不必躬亲。”公曰：“士大夫受禄，岂为一身计哉？”民感其惠，郡以宁。9.（8分）解释下列句中加点词的意思。（每小题2分）（1）予尝求古仁人之心求：________（2）或异二者之为或：________（3）辄命吏问其故辄：________（4）不必躬亲躬：________10.（3分）下列各项中加点词意义和用法相同的一项是（）A.不以物喜郡以宁B.居庙堂之高民感其惠C.其必曰问其故D.问其故民感其惠11.（6分）把下面句子翻译成现代汉语。（1）不以物喜，不以己悲。译文：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）士大夫受禄，岂为一身计哉？译文：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12.（3分）用“/”给下面句子划分朗读停顿，限划两处。士大夫受禄岂为一身计哉停顿：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13.（4分）甲文所说“古仁人之心”具有怎样的内涵？请用自己的话概括。答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14.（6分）乙文写了范文正公哪些具体做法？这些做法体现了怎样的为政情怀？答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________15.（6分）甲文“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”与乙文内容之间有怎样的互证关系？答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________16.（6分）比较甲、乙两文的表达方式：甲文偏重议论抒情，乙文偏重叙事。请结合材料说明各自的表达效果。答：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________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第三部分古诗文综合运用（36分）班级开展“读古诗文，识意象、品语言、明情志”主题训练。请阅读材料并完成17—23题。【材料一】蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜。所谓伊人，在水一方。溯洄从之，道阻且长；溯游从之，宛在水中央。【材料二】余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。余则缊袍敝衣处其间，略无慕艳意，以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。17.（8分）古诗文默写填空。（每空2分）（1）海日生残夜，________________。（2）浊酒一杯家万里，________________。（3）会当凌绝顶，________________。（4）不以物喜，________________。18.（3分）下列关于材料一的理解，正确的一项是（）A.“蒹葭”“白露”等意象营造出清冷迷蒙的氛围。B.诗中道路“阻且长”说明追寻者已经放弃追求。C.“伊人”只能解释为具体的某个人，不能有更丰富的象征意味。D.诗句没有使用重章叠句，语言风格直白平铺。19.（4分）判断下列说法的正误，正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”。（每小题1分）（1）材料一通过景物与动作描写，表现追寻中的怅惘与执着。（）（2）材料二“手自笔录”“不敢稍逾约”等细节表现作者勤奋守信。（）（3）材料二只写生活富足带来的满足，不涉及求学艰难。（）（4）两则材料都可从“具体词句—表达效果—思想情感”的路径进行鉴赏。（）20.（6分）请完成下面的鉴赏表格。诗文句子或细节主要意象/细节鉴赏角度或作用蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜（1）________________营造（2）________________的环境氛围溯洄从之，道阻且长反复追寻、道路艰难表现追求过程中的（3）________________手自笔录，计日以还（4）________________表现作者（5）________________的学习态度21.（6分）结合材料一，分析重章叠句和景物描写如何共同表现“追寻”的心理。答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22.（5分）材料二中作者如何表现“以中有足乐者”？请从细节与对比两个角度分析。答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________23.（4分）请为班级校报写一张“古诗文鉴赏提示卡”，围绕“意象、炼字、情感”提出三条具体做题策略。答：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案与解析本部分供教师讲评、学生订正和自主复盘使用。主观题答案不求逐字相同，能紧扣文本、观点明确、分析有据即可酌情给分。1.【参考答案】D。【解析要点】尾联意思是诗人希望北归的大雁把家书带到洛阳，表达羁旅思乡；并非“已经收到家书”。【评分细则】选D得3分；选其他项不得分。【易错提醒】注意“乡书何处达”是设问与寄托，不是叙述事实。2.【参考答案】B。【解析要点】“海日”从“残夜”中生出，“江春”进入“旧年”，把日出、春意和时序更替合写，呈现新事物孕育于旧事物中的昂扬气象。【评分细则】选B得3分；只凭“日出”作答而忽略哲理意味不得分。【易错提醒】不要把该联理解为单纯写景，它兼有情理意味。3.【参考答案】A。【解析要点】“风景异”统摄上片，随后写雁去、边声、千嶂、长烟、落日、孤城，突出边塞秋景的苍凉与紧张。【评分细则】选A得3分。【易错提醒】“燕然未勒”是功业未成，不是功成返乡。4.【参考答案】B。【解析要点】《次北固山下》在开阔清新的江景中寄寓旅途乡思；《渔家傲·秋思》写边塞戍守，既有思乡之情，又有功业未成、归期无计的矛盾。【评分细则】选B得3分。【易错提醒】比较题要兼顾两首作品，不能只概括其中一首。5.【参考答案】“钟”有聚集、钟爱之意，写大自然把神奇秀丽集中赋予泰山；“割”像刀切一样，写泰山高大，使山南山北明暗分明，突出雄伟气势。【解析要点】“钟”把抽象的自然造化人格化，表现泰山灵秀；“割”化静为动，增强画面力度。【评分细则】每字解释1分，表达作用各1分，共4分。【易错提醒】只解释字面而不写表达效果，最多得2分。6.【参考答案】抒发诗人勇攀高峰、俯视一切的豪迈志向，表现不畏困难、积极进取、胸襟开阔的精神。【解析要点】尾联由望岳转为想象登顶，情感由赞叹山势升华为人生抱负。【评分细则】志向2分，胸襟或精神2分，共4分。【易错提醒】不要只写“喜欢泰山”，要写出志向和气概。7.【参考答案】示例：诗人仰望层云，心胸随之激荡；极目追随归鸟，写出视线由近及远、由山中云气到天边飞鸟的变化。云起与鸟归使画面富有动感，表现泰山高远壮阔以及诗人心神振奋。【解析要点】可从视角变化、动静结合、景中含情任一角度展开，关键是要结合词句。【评分细则】角度明确2分，词句分析2分，情感效果2分，共6分。【易错提醒】空泛写“运用了修辞，很生动”不给满分。8.【参考答案】全诗先写远望泰山横跨齐鲁、山色不断，再写近观神秀与明暗分界，继而写仰望层云和归鸟，最后由景入情，想象登顶并抒发凌云壮志。启示：鉴赏登临诗要抓景物层次、视角变化和由景入情的情感升华。【解析要点】本题考查整体结构与鉴赏方法，答案应体现“写景—蓄势—抒怀”的过程。【评分细则】景物层次2分，抒情升华2分，鉴赏启示2分，共6分。【易错提醒】不能把尾联孤立赏析，要联系前文景物铺垫。

参考答案与解析（续）9.【参考答案】（1）探求；（2）或许，也许；（3）就，便；（4）亲自。【解析要点】四个词都应结合语境解释。甲文“或”不是“有人”，乙文“或劝公曰”中的“或”才可理解为“有人”。【评分细则】每小题2分，共8分；意思相近即可。【易错提醒】同一个字在不同语境中意义可能不同。10.【参考答案】D。【解析要点】A项前“以”为“因为”，后“以”为“因此、因而”；B项“之”为结构助词，“其”为代词；C项前“其”表推测语气，后“其”为代词；D项两个“其”均为代词，分别指代相关的人或事。【评分细则】选D得3分。【易错提醒】判断一词多义时要放回原句。11.【参考答案】（1）不因外物和自己处境的变化而或喜或悲。（2）士大夫接受俸禄，难道是为自己一个人打算吗？【解析要点】翻译要落实关键词：“以”“物”“己”“岂”“计”。第二句为反问语气，应译出责问与自勉意味。【评分细则】每句3分：关键词2分，语意通顺1分，共6分。【易错提醒】“不以物喜”不可译成“不用东西使人高兴”。12.【参考答案】士大夫受禄/岂为一身/计哉。【解析要点】句意为“士大夫接受俸禄，难道是为自己一个人打算吗”，停顿应服务语意层次。【评分细则】两处停顿各1.5分，共3分；多划影响句意，酌情扣分。【易错提醒】断句不是按字数平均切分。13.【参考答案】古仁人之心是不因个人得失悲喜、无论进退都忧国忧民，并把天下百姓的忧乐放在个人忧乐之前的胸怀。【解析要点】甲文通过“不以物喜，不以己悲”“进亦忧，退亦忧”“先天下……”层层揭示精神内涵。【评分细则】不计个人得失1分，忧国忧民2分，以天下为先1分，共4分。【易错提醒】不要只抄“先天下之忧而忧”而不解释内涵。14.【参考答案】乙文写范文正公登楼见民寒，立即命官吏询问原因；年成不好时减膳、赈济借贷、督促农事、修筑堤防；面对劝告仍坚持亲自处理。体现了关心百姓疾苦、勤政务实、以民为本的为政情怀。【解析要点】做法要从文中逐项提取，情怀要由事及人概括。【评分细则】具体做法4分，情怀2分，共6分。【易错提醒】只写“他很好”没有文本依据，不给满分。15.【参考答案】甲文提出“先忧后乐”的价值理想，乙文用范文正公守郡时关心民生、亲自问政的事例加以印证。甲文是观点，乙文是行动；二者共同表现士大夫以天下百姓为念的担当。【解析要点】“互证关系”要说清观点与事例、理念与实践之间的对应。【评分细则】甲文观点2分，乙文事例2分，互证概括2分，共6分。【易错提醒】不能只说“两文都写范仲淹”，要解释怎样互相证明