Unit4AdversityandCourageReadingandThinking课文梳理语言点课件高中英语人教版选择性

UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE逆境与勇气inadversity在困境/逆境中inadilemma处于窘境/困境中introuble在麻烦中

inneed在危难/贫困中1.adversity(pl.adversities)n.困境；逆境Adversityleadstoprosperity.

逆境通向成功。(穷则思变。)Adversitymakesamanwise,notrich.逆境出人才。(续写主旨句)只有遇到真正的逆境，我们才知道自己是谁。Wedon’tknowwhoweareuntilwehavefacedrealadversity.MENWANTEDforadangerousjourney:smallwages,bittercold,longmonthsofcompletedarkness,constantdanger,andsafereturnuncertain.Honourandrewardwillfollowifitissuccessful.ErnestShackleton2.wagen.工资，薪水smallwages薪水微薄salary

n.(月)工资;薪水(也可用来表示年薪)pay

n.工资;薪水;income/earningsgetarise/raise:涨工资3.bitteradj.味苦的；痛苦的；严寒的

bittercold气候严寒bitterly

adv.痛苦地;愤恨地;极其bitterness

n.苦味;痛苦;悲痛;酷烈(续写叙述句)我好几周都沉浸在愤怒和痛苦中。Angerandbitternesscovereduponmeforweeks．ASUCCESSFULFAILURE一次成功的失败

PerceBlackborowjoinedanexpeditionwithSirErnestShackletontoAntarcticaontheshipEndurancein1914.Shackletonwasoneofthemostfamousexplorersofhisdayanditwasconsideredagreathonortobepartofhisexpeditions.BelowaresomeofBlackborow'sdiaryentries.珀西·布莱克博罗于1914年加入欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“坚忍”号南极探险之旅。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最著名的探险家之一，参加他的探险活动被认为是一种极大的荣誉。以下是布莱克伯罗的一些日记。4.expeditionn.探险；远征；探险队

joinanexpectationwith

参加,加入...探险活动5.endurancen.忍耐力，耐久力endurev.忍受,忍耐6.itwasconsideredagreathonortobetodo很荣幸…Itwasconsideredagreathonortobetogiveaspeechatthegraduationceremony.endurehardship

吃苦beyondendurance忍无可忍Endurance,perseverance,industryandtalentarethemeansbywhichmenachievegreatends.忍耐、毅力、勤奋和才能是人们达到伟大目标的手段。Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton-thisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.AndIwasreadyforit.嗯，（非常）碰巧有天早上我买了份报纸，看到了有关南极探险的广告。与伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极探险，这是我一直梦寐以求的探险。我已经做好了准备。7.Itsohappenedthat...碰巧...8.theadvertisementabout...9....thisistheadventurethat

Ihavebeendreamingof/about....这就是我梦想的那种探险10.Iwasreadyforit.be/getreadyforsth/todosthbe/getpreparedforAttheageof19,Iamfitandfullof

vigour.However,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,Shackleton

turned

medownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.ButIwas

so

enthusiasticabouttheideaofgoing

alongwiththemthatIsecretly

wentaboardhisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmallcupboard.

我19岁，身体健康，精力充沛。然而，当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，没有资格。但我对和他们一起去探险的想法是如此热情，于是我偷偷上了他的船“坚忍号”，并且藏在了一个小碗柜里。applyfor的宾语是希望获得的事物，例如奖金(reward)，签证(visa),贷款(loan,credit),Iamapplyingforajobasaclerk.我正在申请一个做职员的工作。applyto的宾语是对之作出申请的个人或机构，例如大学(university,college)。Theymayapplytojointheorganization.他们可以申请加入该组织。befullof=befilledwithenergy/vigour精力充沛vigorous[ˈvɪɡərəs]

adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的;朝气蓬勃的11.vigour/vigor/n.精力；力量；活力

energy

n.精力;力量;活力;能源energetic/dynamicadj.精力旺盛/充沛的12.turndown1.Wehaveturneddownfourapplicantsalready.2.CanyouturntheTVdown?I'mtryingtowork.拒绝(提议、建议或提议人);调低,关小turnon/off

打开/关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)turnto

求助于;致力于;翻到;转向(to是介词)turninto

变成

turnin

上交(物品)

turnup

调大，开大(音量等);突然露面turnoutthat...

结果是……turnover

翻转;仔细考虑;移交;转让Observethesentencesontheleft.reject/refuse1.Ioften_________myclassmatesorteachersforhelp.Asaresult,Ihavemadesteadyprogressinmystudies.2.Itisalreadynineo’clock,buthehasn’t_________yet.Justwentbackhome.3.Thejob_________tobeharderthanwethought.4.Thehallwasfull，andhundredsoffanshadto___________.

turnawayturntoturnedupturnedout(3)qualifyv.取得资格，达到便准

bequalifiedforsth.具有做某事的资格，知识或技能be/feelqualifiedtodosth.有资格做某事havethequalificationsfor有资格做某事我过去在当地医院做志愿者的经历使我适合这份工作Mypreviousexperienceasavolunteerinthelocalhospitalwillqualifymeforthe

job.(4)enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的

passionate/eager/zealousMuchtohissurprise,Branwasalsoenthusiasticabout

surfing.令他非常惊讶的是，布兰(Bran)还热衷于冲浪。(邀请信)任何热衷于中国文化的外国学生都可以参加这项活动。AnyforeignstudentwhoisenthusiasticaboutChineseculture

canparticipateintheactivity.(5)hide--hid--hidenUnfortunately,threedaysafterwesetoffIwasdiscovered.Shackletondidnotwanttoturnbacksoheofferedmeajob,butonlyafterhepromisedme,"Ifanyonehastobeeaten,thenyouwillbethefirst!"Heassignedmetobeasteward,andInowservemealsfortwenty-eightmen,threetimesaday.HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplacesIhavebeento！不幸的是，我们出发三天后，我就被发现了。沙克尔顿不想返航（把我送回），所以他给了我一份工作，但他还向我保证，“如果有人必须被吃掉，那么你将是第一个！”他派我去当服务员，我现在为二十八个人一天做三次饭。当我回来告诉大家我去过的那些神奇地方时，大家会多么羡慕我啊！13.setoff出发，前往“set”的相关短语setup设立，建起安装安排setout启程开始setoff触发引起时爆炸setdown记下,写下(=writedown=putdown)saidaboutdoingsth开始着手做某事setaside留出，把....置于一旁,不理会14.offersb.ajob给某人提供一份工作15.Heassignedmetobeasteward,andInowservemealsfortwenty-eightmen,threetimesaday.

assignv.分配,布置※assignment

n.分配的工作、任务※assignsth.tosb./assignsb.sth.

把……分配给……※assignsb.todosth.

派某人做某事Wethink

it

impossibleforthemtofinishtheirassignmentinsushashorttime.我们认为他们不可能在这么短的时间内完成作业。16.HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplacesIhavebeento.”当我...的时候，大家得有多么羡慕我.派生：enviousadj.羡慕的，妒忌=jealous同义：admirev.钦佩，仰慕Tomysurprise,theclassbrokeintoapplause,someevencastinganenviouslookatme.令我惊讶的是，全班爆发出热烈的掌声，有些人甚至用羡慕的眼光看着我。

Thejourneyhasnotbeeneasy.EndurancebecamestuckintheiceasweapproachedAntarctica.Theicefrozearoundusandwewerewellandtrulystuck!Wesawtheshipget

crushed

bytheice.Andwhentheshipsank,ourhearts

sank

withit.Beforeweabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessentialsupplies-thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,andblankets.Thiswasnotimetopanic.Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings,andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.Buttooursurprise,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo,Husseyoftenplaysittokeepourspiritsup

Para5-71.Endurance

becomestuckintheice

(bestuckin困住，陷于)...wewerewellandtrulystuck!2.Wesawtheshipgetcrushedbytheice.

（crushv.毁坏，压坏，压碎）3.Andwhentheshipsank,ourheartssankwithit.

sink-sank-sunk下沉，沉没

sinkvi.沉没，下沉，下降vt.使下沉助记：linkn.&v.联系，连接blinkn.眨眼派生：sinkingadj.颓丧的，抑郁的Astheresultofanaccident,Tonywassuddenlythrownintoaworldofdarknessandsankintohopelessness.由于一场事故，托尼突然被抛入黑暗的世界，陷入绝望之中。Hesankonto/intothechair,cryinghiseyesout.悲伤如潮水一般涌来。他倒在椅子上,悲痛欲绝。4.abandonv.舍弃,抛弃,放弃abandonedadj.被遗弃的，废弃的abandononeselfto沉湎于，陷入他垂头丧气,拖着两条沉重的腿,疲惫不堪地回到了家。Withasinkingheart,hedraggedhisheavylegs,backhome.5.blanketn.毯子

生义：笼罩，使模糊

basket篮子(环境描写)Aheavysilenceblanketedtheroom.整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。(无灵主语句)6.Thiswasnotimetopanic.现在不是恐慌的时候.7.Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings,andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.

be（not）allowedtodosth（不）被允许做某事

personalbelongings私人物品

(续写主旨句)

Itwasatthatmomentthatherealizedthattheforestreallybelongedtotheanimalsandtheywerejustguests.就在那一刻，他意识到森林真的属于动物，它们只是客人。(心理描写)我有一种强烈的归属感，这让我感到很轻松。Ifeltastrongsenseofbelonging,whichmademefeelatease.15.abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃n.放任/纵

①abandononeselfto(介词)

沉溺/纵情于；

②abandondoing...

放弃做……

③withabandon

恣意/放纵地;尽情地

abandoned

adj.被抛弃的；报废的；自暴自弃的1.Pleasedon'tabandonyourself_______computergames.2.Theyoungmanabandonedhimselfto_______(drink)becauseofhisfailureincause.

3.Thelittleboyclaimedthathisparentshadabandoned______(raise)him.4.Attheparty,peoplesanganddancedwithabandon,totallyforgettingthetroublesintheirlives.5.纵情于享乐，这个农场主荒废了他的土地。(非谓语作状语)Abandoninghimselftopleasure,thefarmermakeshislandabandoned.drinkingaddictoneselftodrownoneselfintoraisingbeabandonedto(doing)沉湎于……Wearenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewillsoonbegintomelt.我们现在在冰上扎营，我们一直在设法生存下去，但是春天来了，冰很快就会融化的。20May,19161916年5月20日

10.campontheice

gocamping去野营11.managetodo成功、设法做8.toone'ssurprise：toone’sastonishment；toone’sdelight9.keepone'sspiritsup打起精神来，振作起精神Wehavebeenstrugglingfordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.Wearenowcrowdedtogetherunderoneofourboatsontherockyshoreofthismiserableplace.Soonafterwearrived,ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgialsland,1320kilometresaway-thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomakeitinoursmallboats.我们已经挣扎了好几天了，但是象岛上的情况越来越糟。我们现在挤在这个可怜的地方，在岩石岸上，我们的一只小船下面。我们到达这里后不久，沙克尔顿就离开我们去1320千米外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这次航行对我们所有人来说太危险、太艰难，以至于我们乘坐小船不能实现目标。Para8-91.Wehavebeenstrugglingfordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.gofrombadtoworse每况愈下2.crowdtogether挤在一起，凑在一起3miseryn.痛苦，苦难=pain/hardship/bitterness派生：miserableadj.痛苦的，令人难受的

painful/bitter

miserablyadv.痛苦地，糟糕地Shecouldn’thelpweepingwhensheheardofthemiserablestory.听到这个悲惨的故事,她忍不住掉下了眼泪。ThereIstood,frozen,overwhelmedbymisery.我站在那里，一动不动，悲痛欲绝。(译)他难过地摇摇头,

潸然泪下。He

shook

his

head

miserably,

tears

pouring

down

his

cheeks.IfShackletonfails,willwehaveanyhopeofrescue?No.NonavyintheworldeverstopsatElephantIsland,andnooneelseknowsthatwearehere.如果沙克尔顿失败了，我们还有获救的希望吗？不。世界上没有海军在象岛停留过，也没有其他人知道我们在这里。Ifeellow.It'scoldandwindy.Theislandhasnoplants.Sometimesweareabletocatchasealorapenguintoeat.Otherwise,thereisnofood.Itrytothinkofhappierthings:decentfood,warmanddryclothes,acosybedroom,sunnydays,andmymother'sface...However,thesehappymemoriesaresooninterruptedbyasuddencoldrushofair.我情绪很低落。天气又冷风又大，岛上没有植物。有时我们能抓到一只海豹或企鹅吃掉，否则，就没有食物了。我努力去想更快乐的事情：像样的食物，温暖干燥的衣服，舒适的卧室，阳光明媚的日子，还有我妈妈的脸……然而这些快乐的回忆很快就被突如其来的冷空气打断了。

6.It'scoldandwindy.（课下小结以y结尾的形容词并分类）rainysunnysnowywindystormychillycloudy我感觉十分沮丧Ishouted,"Shutthedoor!"Holdonnow,Perce.Don'tyougoturningintoanotherTom,"camethereply."We'vecaughtanotherpenguin,soit'spenguinsouptonight!"传来一声回答：“要坚持住啊，珀西，你可不要变成另一个汤姆。我们又捉到了一只企鹅，今晚喝企鹅汤！”BlessFrankWild,thekindestmanthereisafterourleader,ErnestShackleton.HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-tempered

asThomasOrde-Lees!上帝保佑弗克兰·怀尔德，他是仅次于我们的领袖欧内斯特·沙克尔顿的最善良的人，我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯那样自私和坏脾气呢！

WithoutFrankandErnest,we'dallbedeadbynow.Theirgenuineconcernforothers,theirperseverance,andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.

如果没有弗兰克和欧内斯特，我们现在都已经死了。他们真正关心他人，他们的毅力和决心使我充满希望。

Perhapsthereisachancewewillreturnhome,afterall.

毕竟，也许我们还是有机会回家的。Para10-141.holdon不挂断（电话）等一下；握住不放，坚持2.selfisha.自私的

反义：unselfish=selfless

adj.无私的selfien.自拍照(续写主旨句)是她的无私和奉献救了那位老太太。Itwasherselflessnessanddevotionthatsavedtheoldlady.(仿写)正是Tom的无私使我明白了善良的宝贵。ItwasTom’sselflessnessthattaught