河南省安鹤新联盟高二下学期3月联考英语试题

河南省高二考试英语注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15．B．£9.18．C．£9.15．答案是C。1．Howlongwilltheopeningceremonyofthefestivallast?A．For3hours.B．For5hours.C．For6hours.2．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Apark.B．Vacationtravel.C．Holidayhomework.3．Whatisthewomanprobably?A．Adoctor.B．Apatient.C．Asalesgirl.4．WhatwillMarydothisafternoon?A．Gofishing.B．Goshopping.C．Goswimming.5．Whatisthemandoing?A．Purchasingacamera.B．Repairingcamerasatastore.C．Consultingcameraaftersalesservice.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．WhoinspiredJennytostarthergarden?A．Herfather.B．Hermother.C．Hercousin.7．WhereisJenny’sgarden?A．Behindtheriver.B．Infrontofherhouse.C．Ontheroofofherhouse.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．WhenwillJackreturn?A．OnThursday.B．OnFriday.C．OnSaturday.9．WhydoesMikemakethephonecall?A．ToaskJacktogotoLondon.B．ToaskJacktohaveameeting.C．Toaskthewomantoeback.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．HowdidthemanfeelaboutclimbingMountTai?A．Tiredbued.B．Scaredandannoyed.C．Relaxedandpleased.11．Whatistheman’sattitudetothecultureonMountTai?A．Doubtful.B．Unconcerned.C．Appreciative.12．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．ShehasbeentoMountTai.B．ShewantstotraveltoMountTai.C．Shelikestocooperatewithcelebrities.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Havingaclass.B．Askingtheway.C．Doinganinterview.14．Howoftendoesthemantravelbybus?A．Onceaweek.B．Twiceaweek.C．Twiceaday.15．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebusservice?A．It’spoor.B．It’snotbad.C．It’sverygood.16．Whichofthefollowingistheman’sopiniononthebuspany?A．Driversshouldbemorepolite.B．Busesshouldbemorepunctual.C．Seatsshouldbemorefortable.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Wherewilltheactivitybeheld?A．Inapark.B．Inaschool.C．Inalab.18．Whatrolewillthestudentsplayintheactivity?A．Planners.B．Experts.C．Volunteers.19．Whichofthefollowingisadvisedtobebroughttotheactivity?A．Sometrees.B．Someraincoats.C．Sometools.20．Whoareallowedtojoinintheactivitytogetherwiththestudents?A．Theirparents.B．Theirfriends.C．Theirteachers.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AApplyforYourNewYorkPublicLibrary(NYPL)Card!ForAdults&TeensinNewYorkState◆PhysicalLibraryCardsIfyou’re13yearsoldorolderandlive,work,attendschool,orpaypropertytaxesinNewYorkState,youcanapplyforafreelibrarycardandthenvisityournearestNYPLlocationtoverifyyourinformationandreceiveyourphysicalNYPLcard.Aphysicallibrarycardisyourkeytocheckingoutphysicalbooksandmaterials,signingupforCulturePass,andmore.Teens(ages13to17)arenotrequiredtoprovideidentificationwhenverifyingtheirapplications.◆DigitalLibraryCardsIfyoulive,work,attendschool,orpaypropertytaxesinNewYorkState,andaslongasyourlocationwithinNewYorkStatecanbeverified,youcanreceiveafreedigitallibrary.Withadigitallibrarycard,yougetfreeaccesstothelibrary’swidecollectionofdigitalresources—includingebooks,databases,educationalresources,andmore.DigitallibrarycardsdonotprovideaccesstoCulturePass.ForKidsinNewYorkStateKids12andunderwholiveorgotoschoolinNewYorkStatecanreceiveaphysicallibrarycardbysubmittinganapplicationsignedbytheirparentorguardian.Theycanalsoapplyforadigitallibrarycardwithaparentorguardianthroughourfreeereaderapp.ForVisitorstoNewYorkStateVisitorsfromoutsideofNewYorkStatecanusetheonlineapplicationtoapplyforatemporarycard.Thiscardmustbeverifiedinpersonwithin30daysandisvalidforthreemonths.1.WhatcanadigitallibrarycardfromNYPLbeusedfor?A.Payingpropertytaxes. B.Buyingbooksatdiscountedprices.C.Borrowingphysicalbooks. D.Gettingfreeeducationalresources.2.Whatisakeydifferencebetweenadigitallibrarycardandaphysicallibrarycard?A.Theagelimit. B.Theapplicationfee.C.TheaccesstoCulturePass. D.Theperiodofvalidity.3.Whoisrequiredtoconfirmtheirlibrarycardswithinamonth?A.AdultsinNewYorkState.B.VisitorsfromoutsideNewYorkState.C.Teensaged13to17inNewYorkState.D.Kidsaged12andunderinNewYorkState.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了申请纽约公共图书馆（NYPL）借书证的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Withadigitallibrarycard,yougetfreeaccesstothelibrary’swidecollectionofdigitalresources—includingebooks,databases,educationalresources,andmore.(有了数字图书馆卡，您可以免费访问图书馆丰富的数字资源，包括电子书、数据库、教育资源等。)”可知，NYPL的数字图书馆卡可以用来获取免费教育资源。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Aphysicallibrarycardisyourkeytocheckingoutphysicalbooksandmaterials,signingupforCulturePass,andmore.(实体图书馆卡是您借阅实体书籍和材料、注册CulturePass等的钥匙。)”和第二段“DigitallibrarycardsdonotprovideaccesstoCulturePass.(数字图书馆卡不提供对CulturePass的访问权限。)”可知，数字图书馆卡和实体图书馆卡的一个关键区别是对CulturePass的访问权限。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“VisitorsfromoutsideofNewYorkStatecanusetheonlineapplicationtoapplyforatemporarycard.Thiscardmustbeverifiedinpersonwithin30daysandisvalidforthreemonths.(来自纽约州以外的访客可以使用在线申请程序申请临时借书证。此证必须在30天内亲自到场核实，有效期为三个月。)”可知，来自纽约州以外的访客需要在一个月内确认他们的图书馆卡。故选B。BTheChanálanguage,anativelanguageofArgentina,wasthoughtinctforover200years.However,ithasnowbeendiscoveredthatonemanhasbeenkeepingitalive.Unknowntotheworld,BlasJaime,an89yearoldArgentinianman,haskeptthelanguagefromdyingout.ThankstotheeffortsoflinguistViegasBarros,Jaimewasdiscovered,andthepairhavenowauthoredabooktogether,dedicatedtorestoringthelanguage.BlaslearnttheChanálanguagefromhismother,whosefamilyhaspassedthelanguagedownthroughthegenerations.Growingup,Blas’smothertaughthimtheChanálanguageandstorieswhichsheurgedhimtokeepsecretinorderto“protect”them.DecadeslaterwhenBlasretiredhesoughtoutotherChanápeopletochatandsharethestorieswith.However,hemadetheshockingdiscoverythatnooneelseappearedtoknowthelanguage.Infact,scholarshadactuallyconsideredthelanguageextinctsince1815．Blassaid,“Iexist.Iamhere,”kickingoffanewmissiontopreserveandbringtheChanálanguagebacktolife,whilealsohelpingtoplacetheindigenous(本土的)groupbackonthemap.Overthepasttwodecades,BlashasworkedcloselywithUNESCOtohelppreservelanguages.TogetherwithViegasBarros,thepairhavecreatedadictionarywithover1,000words.Argentinahasaplexhistorythathasledtoadisconnectionbetweenmodernidentity...niansandtheirindigenousroots.However,Blas’workhasinspiredmanyotherindigenouspeopleinArgentinatoexploretheirancestryandhistory.“Languageiswhatgivesyouidentity...Ifsomeonedoesn’thavetheirlanguage,they’renotapeople,”saidBlas.Blas’sdaughter,EvangelinaJaime,hastakenuptheresponsibilityofpreservingtheChanálanguageandculturelearnedfromherfather,ensuringthatthisvitalpieceofculturalheritageisnotlost.AlthoughnumberofChanápeopleremaininginArgentinaisuncertain,theeffortsofEvangelinaandotherslikeherarehelpingtokeeptheChanálanguageandculturealiveandflowering.4.Whattookthelanguagescholarsbysurprise?A.TherootsoftheChanálanguage.B.Therediscoveryofanextinctlanguage.C.ThehistoryofthemoderndayArgentinians.D.enceoftheindigenousChanápeople.5.WhywereBlas’wordsmentionedinparagraph5?A.ToremindArgentinianstoseektheirroots.B.Toillustratethewisdomofindigenouspeople.C.Toguaranteetheconservationofaculturalheritage.D.Topromotethepopularityofanendangeredlanguage.6.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.MostArgentinianswillconnectwiththeirorigins.B.EvangelinaiskeytothespreadoftheChanálanguage.C.FewChanápeopleparticipateinthepreservationefforts.D.TheChanáculturalheritagewillsurviveandgrowstronger.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBlasJaime?A.Strongwilledandsympathetic. B.Responsibleanddevoted.C.Determinedandtalented. D.Warmheartedandambitious.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了89岁的阿根廷老人BlasJaime致力于保护和传承被认为已经灭绝200多年的Chaná语言的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheChanálanguage,anativelanguageofArgentina,wasthoughtinctforover200years.However,ithasnowbeendiscoveredthatonemanhasbeenkeepingitalive.(Chaná语是阿根廷的母语，被认为已经灭绝了200多年。然而，现在发现有一个人一直在让它活着。)”和第三段“However,hemadetheshockingdiscoverythatnooneelseappearedtoknowthelanguage.Infact,scholarshadactuallyconsideredthelanguageextinctsince1815.(然而，他震惊地发现，似乎没有人知道这种语言。事实上，自1815年以来，学者们一直认为这种语言已经灭绝。)”可知，让语言学者感到惊讶的是被认为已经灭绝的语言被重新发现。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Blas’workhasinspiredmanyotherindigenouspeopleinArgentinatoexploretheirancestryandhistory.(Blas的工作激励了阿根廷的许多其他土著人民去探索他们的祖先和历史。)”可知，此处提到Blas的话是为了提醒阿根廷人寻找自己的根源。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AlthoughnumberofChanápeopleremaininginArgentinaisuncertain,theeffortsofEvangelinaandotherslikeherarehelpingtokeeptheChanálanguageandculturealiveandflowering.(尽管阿根廷剩下的Chaná人的确切数量尚不确定，但Evangelina和她这样的人的努力正在帮助Chaná语言和文化保持生机并蓬勃发展。)”可知，Chaná文化遗产将生存下来并变得更强大。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Unknowntotheworld,BlasJaime,an89yearoldArgentinianman,haskeptthelanguagefromdyingout.ThankstotheeffortsoflinguistViegasBarros,Jaimewasdiscovered,andthepairhavenowauthoredabooktogether,dedicatedtorestoringthelanguage.(世界所不知的是，89岁的阿根廷老人布拉斯·海梅（BlasJaime）一直在努力防止这种语言消亡。多亏了语言学家维加斯·巴罗斯（ViegasBarros）的努力，海梅被发现，两人现在已合著了一本书，致力于复兴这种语言。)”和第四段“Overthepasttwodecades,BlashasworkedcloselywithUNESCOtohelppreservelanguages.TogetherwithViegasBarros,thepairhavecreatedadictionarywithover1,000words.(在过去的二十年里，布拉斯一直与联合国教科文组织紧密合作，致力于保护语言。他与维加斯·巴罗斯一起，编纂了一部包含1000多个单词的词典。)”可知，BlasJaime是一个有责任心且专心致志的人。故选B。CIntermittentfasting(间歇性禁食)hastakenoffinpopularityinrecentyearsasanalternativetomoretraditionalweightlossadviceincludingcountingcalories,whichcanbecumbersomeandhardtosustainforsomepeople.Itcantakedifferentforms.Oneapproach—calledtimerestrictedeating—limitswhenpeopleeattoaspecificwindowoftime,oftenaroundsixtoeighthours.Someresearchsuggeststhiscanbesuccessfulforweightlossintheshorttermbecausepeopleendupeatingless,butithasbeenlessclearhowwellitworksoveralongerstretchoftime.AnewstudypublishedMondaymayhaveananswer.Thestudy,ledbyKristaVarady,aprofessorofnutritionattheUniversityofIllinoisChicago,findsthatintermittentfastingcanindeedhelppeopleloseweightandkeepitoffoverthecourseofayear.Theamountofweightlosswasn’tdramatic—equivalent(相等的)toabout5%ofbodyweight—butthefindingsareencouragingtoresearchersinthefield,inpartbecausetheystressthatpeoplecouldkeepthishabitupoveralongstretchoftime.Varady’steamrecruited90adultswithobesity(肥胖)fromtheChicagoareaandrandomlyassignedthemtooneofthreegroups:Onegroupcouldeatonlybetweennoonand8pm,anotherhadtocountcaloriesandcutdailyenergyintakeby25%,andthethirdgroupdidn’tmakeanychangestotheireating.Thestudyfoundthatthosewhodidtimerestrictedeatinglost,onaverage,about10poundsmorethanthoseinthecontrolgroup,whilethosewhocountedtheircalorieslostabout12poundsmore.Thedifferencebetweenthetwogroupswasn’tstatisticallysignificant.“Thekeytakeawayisthatyoucanbasicallyachievethesameamountofenergyrestrictionbycountingtimeinsteadofcountingcalories,”saysVarady.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cumbersome”inparagraph1mean?A.Efficient. B.Unhealthy. C.plicated. D.Flexible.9.Whatdoesthenewstudyaimtodetermineregardingintermittentfasting?A.Whetheritisusefultoreduceobesityrate.BItsimpactoncalorietrackingoverayear.C.Itseffectivenessforlongtermweightloss.D.Whetheritisbetterthantraditionaldiets.10.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Bysurveyingtheeatinghabitsofadultswithobesity.B.Bykeepingtrackoftheparticipants’calorieintake.C.BymeasuringthebodyweightofpeopleinChicago.D.Byanalyzingdatafromtheparticipants.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Intermittentfastingisaseffectiveascountingcalories.B.Timerestrictedeatingisstatisticallyinsignificant.C.Intermittentfastingissuperiortotraditionaldiets.D.Countingcaloriesiseasierthancountingtime.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项新的研究表明，间歇性进食与传统的计算卡路里的节食方式在减少体重方面效果相似。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Intermittentfasting(间歇性禁食)hastakenoffinpopularityinrecentyearsasanalternativetomoretraditionalweightlossadvice,includingcountingcalories,whichcanbecumbersomeandhardtosustainforsomepeople.(近年来，间歇性禁食作为一种替代传统减肥建议的方法越来越受欢迎，包括计算卡路里，这对一些人来说可能既_____又难以坚持。)”可知，句中hard为形容词，意为“困难的”，and为并列连词，可推测cumbersome也为形容词，且与hard词义相近，故cumbersome意为“复杂的”。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Someresearchsuggeststhiscanbesuccessfulforweightlossintheshorttermbecausepeopleendupeatingless,butithasbeenlessclearhowwellitworksoveralongerstretchoftime.AnewstudypublishedMondaymayhaveananswer.(一些研究表明，这在短期内可以成功减肥，因为人们最终吃得更少，但它在更长一段时间内效果如何还不太清楚。周一发表的一项新研究可能给出了答案。)”可知，这项新研究旨在确定间歇性禁食长期减肥的有效性。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Varady’steamrecruited90adultswithobesity(肥胖)fromtheChicagoareaandrandomlyassignedthemtooneofthreegroups:Onegroupcouldeatonlybetweennoonand8pm,anotherhadtocountcaloriesandcutdailyenergyintakeby25%,andthethirdgroupdidn’tmakeanychangestotheireating.(Varady的团队从芝加哥地区招募了90名肥胖成年人，并将他们随机分配到三个组中：一组只能在中午到晚上8点之间进食，另一组需要计算卡路里，并将每日能量摄入减少25%，第三组则不改变他们的饮食习惯。)”可知，研究人员是通过分析参与者的数据来进行研究的。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thestudyfoundthatthosewhodidtimerestrictedeatinglost,onaverage,about10poundsmorethanthoseinthecontrolgroup,whilethosewhocountedtheircalorieslostabout12poundsmore.Thedifferencebetweenthetwogroupswasn’tstatisticallysignificant.“Thekeytakeawayisthatyoucanbasicallyachievethesameamountofenergyrestrictionbycountingtimeinsteadofcountingcalories,”saysVarady.(研究发现，限时进食的人平均比对照组多减重约10磅，而计算卡路里的人多减重约12磅。两组之间的差异在统计上不显著。Varady说：“关键的是，你可以通过计算时间来达到与计算卡路里相同的能量限制效果。”)”可知，从最后一段可以推断出间歇性禁食和计算卡路里一样有效。故选A。DScientistshavecreatedanewmaterialcalledCOF999thatcanremovelargeamountsofcarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheair.Theyellowpowder(粉末)worksfasterthanothermaterialsandcanbeusedoverandoveragain.Thenewmaterialcouldplayanimportantpartinthefightagainstclimatechange.Currently,manyscientistsaroundtheworldareworkingonDirectAirCapture(DAC)toremoveCO2fromtheairandstoreit.Butnormallyduringtheprocess,airispulledacrossamaterialthatcanremoveCO2fromit.Onemonmaterialislimestone(石灰石),butthecurrentmethodsofdoingthisareexpensiveanddon’tcapture(捕获)muchCO2.TotestCOF999,thescientistsfilledasmalltubewiththeyellowpowderandthenpipedairfromoutsidetheirlabthroughthetubefor20days.ThoughtherewasCO2intheairoutside,theairthatcameoutofthetubehadnocarbondioxideatall.Thediscoverywasexcitingforthescientists.COF999hasmorethingsthaescientists.ItcapturesCO2about10timesfasterthanotherDACmaterials.Theresearcherssaythathalfapound(about230grams)ofthepowdercanpullasmuchCO2fromtheairasatreecan.Butunliketrees,COF999cancaptureCO2evenwhenit’sdarkoutside.Perhapsmostimportantly,COF999canbereusedoverandoveragain.Thescientistshavealreadytestedreusingthematerialupto300times.Theybelieveitcouldprobablybereusedthousandsoftimes.TheresearchersarestillworkingonCOF999,andhopethatsoonitwillbeabletoremovetwiceasmuchcarbonasitdoesnow.bigchallengeisfiguringouthowtouseCOF999inadirectaircapturesystem.Themachinewillhavetobedesignedsothattheyellowpowderwon’tblowawaywhenairispulledthroughthemachine.ThescientistsbelieveCOF999willbereadytouseinDACsystemsinabouttwoyears.12.Whydoestheauthormentionclimatechangeinparagraph1?A.Toincreasepeople’senvironmentalawareness.B.ToshowthesignificanceofcreatingCOF999.C.Toensuremorefundstoinvestinenvironment.D.ToexploretheroleofCOF999inenvironment.13.WhichbestdescribesusinglimestoneasamaterialtoremoveCO2?A.Costlyandinefficient. B.Simpleandprofitable.C.Insecureandplex. D.Limitedandimpractical.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.TheprocessoftestingCOF999.B.TheamountofCOF999capturingCO2.C.ThechallengesofusingCOF999.D.TheadvantagesofCOF999capturingCO2.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheprospectofCOF999?A.Critical. B.Objective. C.Optimistic. D.Cautious.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型碳捕获材料COF999。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ScientistshavecreatedanewmaterialcalledCOF999thatcanremovelargeamountsofcarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheair.Theyellowpowder(粉末)worksfasterthanothermaterialsandcanbeusedoverandoveragain.Thenewmaterialcouldplayanimportantpartinthefightagainstclimatechange.(科学家们创造了一种名为COF999的新材料，可以从空气中去除大量的二氧化碳（CO2）。黄色粉末比其他材料作用更快，可以反复使用。这种新材料可以在应对气候变化方面发挥重要作用)”可知，作者在第一段提到气候变化是为了表明创造COF999的意义。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onemonmaterialislimestone(石灰石),butthecurrentmethodsofdoingthisareexpensiveanddon’tcapture(捕获)muchCO2.(一种常见的材料是石灰石，但目前的方法很昂贵，而且不能捕获太多的二氧化碳)”可知，使用石灰石作为去除二氧化碳的材料既昂贵又低效。故选A。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“COF999hasmorethingsthaescientists.ItcapturesCO2about10timesfasterthanotherDACmaterials.Theresearcherssaythathalfapound(about230grams)ofthepowdercanpullasmuchCO2fromtheairasatreecan.Butunliketrees,COF999cancaptureCO2evenwhenit’sdarkoutside.(COF999有更多让科学家兴奋的东西。它捕获二氧化碳的速度比其他DAC材料快约10倍。研究人员表示，半磅（约230克）的粉末可以从空气中吸收与树木一样多的二氧化碳。但与树木不同，COF999即使在外面黑暗的时候也能捕获二氧化碳)”可知，本段主要介绍了COF999捕获二氧化碳的优势。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThescientistsbelieveCOF999willbereadytouseinDACsystemsinabouttwoyears.(科学家们相信，COF999将在大约两年内准备好用于DAC系统)”可知，科学家们相信COF999将在大约两年内准备好。由此推知，作者对COF999的应用前景的态度是乐观的。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Saying“No”IstheTrueMeasureofmitmenttoYourGoalsWhenwethinkaboutprogressingtowardsgoalsandachievingthem,themindnaturallygoestoactivityandaction.WedoAtoachieveB.WemadedecisionXtogetouteY.____16____However,oncewehavesetourgoalandwe’reworkingtowardsit,anothermeasureofprogressbeesincreasinglymoreimportant:theabilitytosay“no”.Themodernworldisfullofdistractionsintheformofsocialmediaandcontentthat’stailormadetoattractourattention.____17____Forexample,ifwearesavingforabigpurchase,manyincidentaltemptationswilllitterourpathtowardsit.Thus,saying“no”bycontrollingthemind’sfocusandavoidingtemptationsisaremarkablystrongpredictorofsuccessinlife.____18____Withoutsaying“no”wecanbeeblindtothehiddencostofourchoices.Wecanalsoendupmissingoutonthebenefitofsteadygrowth—howsmallefforts,whenfocusedonconsistently,adduptobigresultsovertime.Mostofall,failingtosay“no”canaffectthewayweseeourselves.____19____Ifwezigzagbetweentasks,wemaybegintodoubtourownabilitytoachieveourgoal.Sowhenyouconsiderhowyouaredoingonyourgoals,considernotonlywhatyousay“yes”to,butalsowhatyousay“no”to.____20____A.Herearesometipsonsettinggoals.B.Thelatterwilltellalotaboutyourmitmenttosuccess.C.Asyoucansee,theabilitytosay“no”isofgreatsignificance.D.Ouridentityandselfimageareprofoundlyinfluencedbywhatwedo.E.Thisfocusinvolvestheabilitytosticktoonetaskattheexclusionofallothers.F.Theypreventusfrompursuingagoalthatmatterstousratherthanlackofaction.G.Sogreatemphasisisplacedonone’sabilitytoperformdecisionsaboutone’sgoals.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了说“不”对实现目标的重要性及相关影响。【16题详解】上文“Whenwethinkaboutprogressingtowardsgoalsandachievingthem,themindnaturallygoestoactivityandaction.WedoAtoachieveB.WemadedecisionXtogetouteY.

(当我们思考如何朝着目标前进并实现它们时，脑海中自然会想到行动和活动。我们做A是为了实现B。我们做了决定X以得到结果Y)”说明，通过行动和决策以实现目标，空处承接上文，G选项中的“performdecisionsaboutone’sgoals”与上文中的“progressingtowardsgoalsandachievingthem”相呼应。所以G选项“所以人们非常强调一个人对自己的目标做出决策的能力”符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】上文“Themodernworldisfullofdistractionsintheformofsocialmediaandcontentthat’stailormadetoattractourattention.(现代世界充满了以社交媒体和专门为吸引我们注意力而定制的内容形式的干扰因素)”及下文“Forexample,ifwearesavingforabigpurchase,manyincidentaltemptationswilllitterourpathtowardsit.

(例如，如果我们正在为一次大采购存钱，许多偶然的诱惑会充斥在我们实现目标的道路上)”说明了现代世界存在很多干扰因素，空处承上启下，F选项中的“They”与上文中的“distractions”、下文中的“manyincidentaltemptations”相呼应。所以F选项“它们阻止我们追求对我们重要的目标，而不是缺乏行动”符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】下文“Withoutsaying“no”wecanbeeblindtothehiddencostofourchoices.Wecanalsoendupmissingoutonthebenefitofsteadygrowth—howsmallefforts,whenfocusedonconsistently,adduptobigresultsovertime.(如果不说“不”，我们可能会对自己选择的隐藏成本视而不见。我们也可能最终错过稳步增长的好处——当始终如一地专注时，小小的努力如何随着时间的推移累积成巨大的成果)”说明，不说“不”带来的不良后果，从反面说明了说“不”的重要性，空处引出下文，C选项中的“say“no””与下文中的“saying“no””相一致。所以C选项“如你所见，说“不”的能力非常重要”，符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】上文“Mostofall,failingtosay“no”canaffectthewayweseeourselves.(最重要的是，不能说“不”会影响我们看待自己的方式)”及“Ifwezigzagbetweentasks,wemaybegintodoubtourownabilitytoachieveourgoal.(如果我们在任务之间来回折腾，我们可能会开始怀疑自己实现目标的能力)”说明，不能说“不”对自我认知的影响，空处承上启下，D选项中的“Ouridentityandselfimage”与上文中的“thewayweseeourselves”相一致。所以D选项“我们的身份和自我形象深受我们所做事情的影响”符合语境。故选D。【20题详解】上文“Sowhenyouconsiderhowyouaredoingonyourgoals,considernotonlywhatyousay“yes”to,butalsowhatyousay“no”to.(所以当你考虑自己在目标上的进展时，不仅要考虑你对什么说“是”，还要考虑你对什么说“不”)”说明要知道对什么说“不”，空处承接上文，B选项中的“Thelatter”与上文中的“whatyousay“no”to”相一致。所以B选项“后者将充分说明你对成功的承诺”符合语境。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenClarawasinfirstgrade,shealwaysbroughtlunchtoschool.Butoneday,therewasanunexpected____21____.Shehadtogetahotlunchfromthecafeteria.WhenClaragotinline,shenoticedthatotherkidswere____22____theirstudentIDnumbersonakeypad.Butbecauseit’sherfirsttimeto____23____aschoollunch,shecouldn’trememberhernumber.Whenit’sher____24____,Clarafroze,feeling____25____likeeveryonewaswatchingher.In____26____,shebegantocryuncontrollably.Theworkerattheregisterandafewfriendsattemptedto____27____her,butClaracouldn’tceasehercryingand____28____ontothefloor.That’swhenanotherlunchworker____29____.ThewomangentlyliftedClaratoherfeetandseemedtoknowexactlywhattodo.ShehelpedClararememberhernumberand_____30_____getherlunch.Clarafeltfortedinherpresence.Andthen,Clarawasbroughttohertable,givena_____31_____,andtoldshewouldbealright.Theworker’skindnesslefta(n)_____32_____impressiononClara.Yearslater,Clarastillrecallsthatday.Sherealizesthatevenasmallactioncanhaveahuge_____33_____.Now,Clarapaysitforwardbyhelpingclassmates,_____34_____friends,andbeingthereforothers.Shehopesheractionswillinspiremorepeopletospreadkindnessand_____35_____thatasimpleactioncanbemeaningfultosomeone.21.A.breakthrough B.showoff C.drawback D.mixup22.A.entering B.exchanging C.reciting D.sharing23.A.prepare B.order C.plain D.make24.A.turn B.trial C.interview D.challenge25.A.satisfied B.embarrassed C.ashamed D.encouraged26.A.anger B.surprise C.panic D.danger27.A.find B.rescue C.contact D.assist28.A.collapsed B.jumped C.rolled D.climbed29.A.wokeup B.brokeaway C.rushedover D.dressedup30.A.temporarily B.unwillingly C.regularly D.successfully31.A.target B.hug C.promotion D.clue32.A.initial B.mixed C.lasting D.romantic33.A.impact B.riddle C.opportunity D.threat34.A.tricking B.tolerating C.representing D.forting35.A.expect B.suppose C.understand D.promise【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了克拉拉一年级时因意外需买学校午餐，却因不记得学生ID号而惊慌哭泣瘫倒在地，一位工作人员及时冲过来，帮她想起号码并成功拿到午餐，还给予安慰。这位工作人员的善举给克拉拉留下了持久印象，如今克拉拉通过帮助同学、安慰朋友等传递善意，希望激励他人传播善意，理解简单行动的意义。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有一天，发生了意想不到的混乱。A.breakthrough突破；B.showoff炫耀；C.drawback缺点；D.mixup混乱，混淆。根据下文“Butbecauseit’sherfirsttimeto____3____aschoollunch,shecouldn’trememberhernumber.”可知，她去买午餐却不记得学生ID号，所以此处表示出现了意想不到的混乱情况。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当克拉拉排队时，她注意到其他孩子正在键盘上输入他们的学生ID号。A.entering输入；B.exchanging交换；C.reciting背诵；D.sharing分享。根据下文“onakeypad”以及常识可知，此处是在键盘上输入ID号。故选A。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但因为这是她第一次订购学校午餐，她不记得自己的号码了。A.prepare准备；B.order订购；C.plain抱怨；D.make制作。根据上文“Shehadtogetahotlunchfromthecafeteria.”可知，克拉拉要在餐厅吃饭，所以此处指订购学校午餐。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到她时，克拉拉僵住了，觉得很尴尬，好像每个人都在看着她。A.turn轮流，次序；B.trial试验；C.interview面试；D.challenge挑战。根据上文“WhenClaragotinline,”可知，克拉拉在和大家一起排队，所以此处表示轮到克拉拉了。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：轮到她时，克拉拉僵住了，觉得很尴尬，好像每个人都在看着她。A.satisfied满意的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.encouraged受鼓舞的。根据下文“likeeveryonewaswatchingher”以及语境可知，克拉拉不记得自己的号码，觉得大家都在看她，由此可推知，克拉拉在感到尴尬。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在惊慌中，她开始无法控制地哭了起来。A.anger愤怒；B.surprise惊讶；C.panic惊慌；D.danger危险。根据下文“shebegantocryuncontrollably.”以及语境可知，克拉拉不记得号码又被大家看着，开始哭起来，由此可推知，克拉拉处于惊慌的状态。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：收银台的工作人员和几个朋友试图帮助她，但克拉拉无法停止哭泣，还瘫倒在地上。A.find找到；B.rescue营救；C.contact联系；D.assist帮助。根据上文“shebegantocryuncontrollably.”可知，看到克拉拉哭泣，工作人员和朋友试图帮助她。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：收银台的工作人员和几个朋友试图帮助她，但克拉拉无法停止哭泣，还瘫倒在地上。A.collapsed倒下，瘫倒；B.jumped跳；C.rolled滚动；D.climbed爬。根据下文“ontothefloor”以及“ThewomangentlyliftedClaratoherfeetandseemedtoknowexactlywhattodo.”可知，克拉拉瘫倒在地上，之后另一个午餐工作人员把她扶起来。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，另一个午餐工作人员冲了过来。A.wokeup醒来；B.brokeaway脱离；C.rushedover冲过来；D.dressedup打扮。根据下文“Thewomangentl