大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷589

大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试

卷589

一、长篇阅读(本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。)

TheReasonableWomanStandardA)Sincethevolatilemixofsexandharassment

explodedundertheCapitoldome,ithasn'tjustbeensenatorsscurryingforcover.The

caseoftheprofessorandthejudgehasleftagendergapthatlooksmorelikeacrater.

B)Wchavediscoveredthatmenandwomenseethisissuedifferently.Onthe"Today"

show,BryantGumbelaskssomethingaboutaman'srighttohaveapinuponthewall

andKatieCouricsayswhatshethinksofthat.Onthenormallysober"MacNeil/Lehrer"

hourtheusualpaneloflegalexpertsdoesn'tbreakdownbetweenleftandrightbut

betweenmaleandfemale.C)Onahundredradiotalkshows,womenaresharing

experiencesandmenareaskingforproof.Intenthousandoffices,theorderofthedayis

thenervousjoke.Onebossaskshissecretaryifhecanstillsay"goodmorning,"oristhat

sexualharassment.Heh,heh.Thewomenaren'tlaughing.D)Okayboysandgirls,backto

yourcorners.Canwetalk?Canwehear?E)Thegoodnewsisthatwomenhavestopped

rollingtheireyesateachotherandstartedspeakingout.Thebadnewsisthatwemay

eachassumetheothergendernotonlydoesn'tunderstandbutcan'tunderstand."They

don'tgetit"becomes"theycan'tgetit."F)Let'sstartwiththefactthatsexualharassment

isaconceptasnewasdaterape.Daterape,thatshould-beoxymoron,assumesadifferent

perspectiveonthepartofthemanandthewoman.Hisdate,herrape.Sexualharassment

comeswithsomeofthesameassumptions.Whathelabelssexual,shelabelsharassment.

G)Thisproduceswhatmanymentendtodarklycalla'murky"areaofthelaw.Murky,

however,isastepintherightdirection.Wheneverythingwasclear,itwasclearlybiased.

Theoldsinglestandardwasamalestandard.Theonlyoptionsaworkingwomanhad

weretogrin,bearitorquit.H)Sexualharassmentrulesarebasedonthepointofviewof

thevictim,nearlyalwaysawoman.Therulesask,norjustwhethershehasbeen

physicallyassaulted,butwhethertheenvironmentinwhichsheworksisintimidatingor

coercive,andwhethershefeelsharassed.Itsaysthatherfeelingsmatter.I)This,of

course,raisesallsortsofhacklesaboutwomensfeelings,women'ssensitivity.Howcan

youjudgethesensitivitylevelofeverysinglewomanyouworkwith?What'sapoorman

todo?J)Butthelawisn'tpsychiatry.Itdoesn'tadapttoindividualsensitivitylevels.

Thereisastandardemergingbywhichthecourtscanjudgethesecasesandbywhich

peoplecanjudgethemaswell.It'scalled"thereasonablewomanstandard".Howwoulda

reasonablewomaninterpretthis?Howwouldareasonablewomanbehave?K)Thisisnot

anentirelynewidea,althoughperhapsthelaw'sbeliefinthereasonablenessofwomenis.

Therehaslongbeena"reasonableman"inthelawnottomentiona"reasonablepilot",a

"reasonableinnkeeper",a"reasonabletrainoperator".L)No\vthelawisadmittingthata

reasonablewomanmayseethesesituationsdifferentlyfromaman.Thattruth—available

inyoursenator'smailbag-isalsoapparentinresearch.Wetendtoseesexualized

situationsfromourowngender'sperspective.KimLansScheppcle,apoliticalscience

andlawprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,summarizesthemiscuesthisway:"Men

seethesexfirstandmissthecoercion.Womenseethecoercionandmissthesex."

M)Doesthatmeanthatwearegeneticallydoomedtoourdoublevision?Scheppeleis

quicktosayno.Ourjusticesystemrestsonthebeliefthatonepersoncangetinanother's

head,walkinhershoes,seethingsfromanotherperspective.Andsodoseourhopefor

change.N)Ifajuryofcardriverscanunderstandhowa"reasonablepilot"wouldseeone

situation,ajuryofmencanseehowareasonablewomanwouldseeanotherevent.The

crucialingredientisempathy.O)Checkitoutintheofficetomorrow.He'scomingon,

she'sbackingoff,hekeepscoming.Readthebodylanguage.There'saPlayboycalendar

onthewallandaPMSjokeintheboardroomandthebossisjustbeingfriendly.How

wouldareasonablewomanfeel?P)Atthismoment,whentheairiscrackingwith

hostilityandconsciousness-raising,hasthehairstickinguponthebackofmanynecks,

guesswhat?Mencan"getit".Reasonablemen.

1、Daterapemeansdifferentlyformenandwomen.

标准答案：F

知识点解析：题干：约会强奸对男性和女性而言，蕴含的意思并不相同。题干关键

词是daterape,differently和menandwomen0文中F段第二三句提到，约会强奸

应该是一个矛盾修辞格，男女对其理解不同。与题干意思吻合，故选F。

2、Peoplecanjudgethemby"thereasonablewomanstandard'1.

标准答案：J

知识点解析：题干：人们可以根据“理性女性的准则”来评判自己。题干关键词是

judge和“thereasonablewomanstandard”。文中J段第三四句提到，现在有了一个标

准，法院可以根据它来判案，人们也可以根据它来评判自己，它叫作“理性女性的

准则与题干意思一致，故选J。

3、Empathyplaysacrucialroleinunderstandingothers.

标准答案：N

知识点解析：题干：同感在理解他人方面起着关键性作用。题干关键词是

empathy,crucialunderstanding(,文中N段提到,如果汽车司机们能够理解“理性

的飞行员'’是如何看待某一情况的。那么男性们也能懂得理性的女性会如何看待一

件事情，所以关键是有同感能力。与题干意思吻合，故选N。

4、Unfortunately,wethinktheoppositesexdocsn'tunderstandandcan'tunderstand.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：题干：不幸的是，我们认为异性不理解我们也不能够理解我们。题干

关键词是unfortunately,docsn，t和can't。文中E段第二句提到，不幸的是我们也

许会认为异性不只不理解我们，而且理解不了我们。题干是对原文的改写，故选

Eo

5、Undertheoldsinglemalestandard,womenhadtobearitorquit.

标准答案：G

知识点解析：题干：在以前单一的男性准则之下，女性只能选择忍气吞声或者辞

职。题干关键词是malestandard,bear和quit。文中G段最后两句提到，以前唯一

的准则就是男性的准则，女性工作者唯一的选择就是默默忍受或者辞职。与题干意

思一致，故选G。

6、Ourjusticesystemrestsonthebeliefthatpeoplecantakeanotheranglewhendealing

withproblems.

标准答案：M

知识点解析：题干：我们的司法体制秉持着人们应该从他人的角度处理问题的信

念。题干关键词是justicesystem,belief和lakeanotherangle。文中M段笫三句提

到，我们的司法体制秉承的信念是一个人应该了解别人的想法，为他人考虑.从另

一个角度看问题。题干是对原文的总结，故选M。

7、Sexualharassmentrulesraisevarioushacklesaboutwomen'sfeelingsandwomen's

sensitivity.

标准答案：I

知识点解析：题干：性骚扰准则引起各种各样对女性的感觉和敏感度的不满。题干

关键词是sexualharassmentrules,hackles和feelings。文中I段第一句提到，这当

然会引起关于女性感觉以及敏感度的各种不满。题干是对原文的改写，故选L

8、Theideaof"reasonableman"hasbeenlonginthelaw.

标准答案：K

知识点解析：题干：“理性男性”的概念已经在法律中存在很久了。题干关键词是

^reasonableman'',long和inthelaw。文中K段第二句提到，长期以来，法律中就

有“理性的男性”这个概念，更不用说还有“理性的飞行员”，“理性的旅馆主人'

“理性的火车司机”。与题干意思吻合，故选K。

9、AccordingtoKimLaneScheppele,bothmenandwomenjustseeoneaspectwhile

missingtheotheraspectofsexualizedsituations.

标准答案：L

知识点诵析：题干：金噪恩・斯科普认为，在看待性的问题时，男人和女人都只看

到了一方面而忽略了另外一方面。题干关键词是KimLaneScheppele,missing和

sexualizedsituationso文中L段第三四句提到。我们都倾向于从自己的性别角度看

待关于性的问题，密歇艰大学的政治科学和法学教授金・莱恩・斯科普这样总结：“男

人看到的是性而忽略了胁迫，女人看到的是胁迫而忽略了性。”与题干意思一致，

故选Lo

10、Sexualharassmentrulesliesontheviewpointofthevictim,aswellasherfeelings.

标准答案：H

知识点解析：题干：性骚扰的判断准则取决于受害者的观点以及她的感觉。题干关

键词是sexualharassmentrules,viewpoint和victim。文中H段提到，性骚扰的准则

以受害者的观点为基准，受害者往往是女性，总之女性的感觉说了算。与题干意思

吻合.故选H。

TheInternetAdvocateA)Contrarjztothemannerinwhichmanylegislatorsandnews

reportshavedepictedit,theInternetisanappropriateandusefulinformationtoolfor

childrenandyoungadults.Educatorshaverealizedthisforyearsandworkeddiligentlyto

createandpromoteincreasingnumbersofK-I2(fromKindergartento12th

grade)resourcesavailableontheInternet.Unforiunately,theseinnovativeeffortsdonot

receivethesamewidespreadmediacoveragethatreportsofpornographyontheInternet

havegarnered.B)BecausemanypeoplewhohaveneverusedtheInternetmaybasetheir

understandingoftheNetsolelyonthenegativestoriestheyhavereadinthepopular

press,orheardaboutontelevision,theymayperceivetheInternetasunsafeforchildren.

VirginiaCooper,YouthServicesLibrarianattheHenriettaPublicLibraryinRochester,

NewYork,encounteredjustsuchareactionwhensheinformedsomeolderadultsthatthe

librarywouldsoonofferInternetaccess.C)"Theirresponsewas:'Oh,【hat'swhereallthat

pornographyis.'Obviously,'*Coopernotes,"wearegoingtohavetoconvincea

significantsegmentofthepopulationthattheInternetisn'tallporn!1'D)Inadditionto

helpinglibrariansandeducatorsdispelthenotionthattheNetisfilledwithnothingbut

pom,thisResourceGuideattemptstoprovideanintroductiontothemultitudeofexciting

waysyoungpeopleareusingtheInternetintheirschoolsandpubliclibraries.Theselinks

areprovidedtogiveyouaneasilyaccessible,smalltasteofwhat*s"outthereJ'Theyare

notthebestexamples,justafewimpressiveapplicationswhichleadtohundredsmore.

Ventureforthandexplore!E)SomeofWebpagesdesignedforchildrenandyoungadults

haveatwo-foldpurpose.Inadditiontoservingasready-referencetoolsandpointingout

usefulplacestoconductresearch,theseWebpagessteerpatronsandstudentstositesthat

teachersorlibrarianshavedeterminedtobeappropriateforyoungusers.However,

becausepartofthevalueoftheInternetstemsfromenablingchildrentolearnhowto

effectivelysearchforinformationandbecomediscriminatinginformationconsumers,and

becauseitisnearlyimpossibletorestrictaccesswithintheinfinitesphereoftheInternet,

mostschoolsandpubliclibrariesofferingInternetaccesstoyoungpeoplehaveadopted

AcceptableUsePolicies(AUPs)orDisclaimers.Thesepoliciestypicallystatethatthe

InternetprovidercannotrevieweverythingontheInternetand,thus,mustrequire

studentsorparentstousetheInternetsmartlyandresponsibly.F)BillSears,whohas

developedanonlinelibraryforhisstudentsattheMesaVerdeHighSchoolinSanJuan,

California,explains:"Thesolutionistoprepareaheadoftimewebpagesthathave

screenedsites.Ifstudentswanttogobeyondthattheyhavemadethatchoiceandthereis

notmuchyoucandoaboutthatexcepthavingthemsignanacceptableusepolicy.

Violationofthatpolicymeanstheyhawingchosentoforgotheuseofcomputersatyour

school."Youhavetofindwaystomakesuretheydon'tviolatethecontract,headds,"...

butIdon'tthinkthereismuchofaproblemifyouhavetherespectfromyourstudents."

G)SomcschoolsandlibrarieshavevoluntarilydevotedAUPsasonewaytoeducate

youngpeopleandtheirparentsabouttheInternet.Othersmaybecompelledtoissue

AUPsasameasureofprotectionagainstparentalcomplaints.InSeptember1995,the

IndianaDepartmentofEducationrequiredstateschoolsprovidingInternetaccesstoK-12

studentstoadoptstateGuidelinesforAcceptableInternetUseinordertoreceive

financialassistancefortheirInternetaccess.H)WhileAUPsgenerallyareconsideredthe

leastrestrictivemethodforsupervisingayoungpersonsuseoftheInternet,blocking

softwareisthemostrestrictiveandusuallyleastdesirable.Yet,someschoolsandpublic

librariescouldbeforcedtoconsiderinstallingsuchsoftwareastheyseekacompromise

betweenfullInternetservicetochildrenandparentalorcommunityconcernsabout

materialontheNetthatmaybeunsuitableforminors.I)ThcfifthsectionofthisResource

GuidefeaturesorganizationsdedicatedtoFreedomofInformationissuesand

preservationofFirstAmendmentfightsontheInternet.Thesegroupscanhelpkeepyou

up-to-dateonlegislationaffectingtheInternet,explaintheramificationsofrestrictingand

censoringInternetuse,andsupportyourrightsandreasonsforenablingyoungpeopleto

accesstheInternet.Insum,they'llhelpyoubecomeadedicatedInternetAdvocate.

J)Becoinefamiliarwiththemultitudeofvaluablewebsitesthathavebeendevelopedby

librariansandothereducatorstopromoteuseoftheInternetandunderstandingofhow

InternetaccesscanenhancelibraryservicesandtheK-12educationalcurriculum.

11、AccordingtoAcceptableUsePolicies(AUPs)andDisclaimers,studentsandparents

shouldtaketheresponsibilityforusingtheInternet.

标准答案：E」

知识点解析：题干：《赞用规章》和《免责声明》明确表示，家长和孩子自己应该

负责任地使用互联网。题干关键词是AcceptableUsePolicies(AUPs),Disclaimers

和responsibility。文中E段最后两句提到，大多数向年轻人提供互联网的学校和公

共图书馆都采用《使用规章》或《免责声明》，这些规章特别声明，互联网提供者

无法检查互联网上的所有东西，因此，必须要求学生或家长警惕地、负责任地使用

互联网。与题干意思吻合，故选E。

12>Blockingsoftwareisthemostrestrictivemethodforsupervisingminors'useofthe

Internet.

标准答案：H

知识点解析：题干：屏蔽软件是监督未成年人使用因特网最有约束力的方法。题干

关键词是blockingsoftware,restrictive和supervising。文中H段第一句提到，通

常，《使用规章》被认为是对年轻人使用因特网约束力最小的监督方法，屏蔽软件

最有约束力。但是最不愿使用的方法。与题干意思一致，故选H。

13、Reportsoneducators'effortsarenotaswidespreadasthoseofreportson

pornographyontheInternet.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题干：有关教育者们努力的报道不及关于互联网上色情图文的报道广

泛。题干关键词是educators,widespread和pornography。文中A段最后-徇提

到，不幸的是.他们的创新努力并没有像互联网上存储色情图文这件事一样得到媒

体的广泛关注。与题干意思吻合，故选A。

14>OrganizationsintroducedinthefifthsectionoftheResourceGuidehelptoattract

dedicatedInternetAdvocates.

标准答案：I

知识点解析：题干：《资源指南》的第五部分介绍的一些组织有助于吸引专业的网

络拥护者。题干关键词是organizations,thefifthsection和InternetAdvocates。文中

I段提到，该《资源指南》的第五部分主要是关于那些致力于信息自由的组织和第

一修正案斗争在互联网上的保留，它们会帮你成为一个专业的网络倡导者。与题干

意思一致，故选Io

15、ForthosewhoknowinglittleabouttheInternet,theirunderstandingoftheNet

comesfromthenegativereportsonnewspapersortelevision.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：题干：对于那些对互联网了解甚少的人来说，他们对网络仅有的认识

来自于报纸和电视的负面报道。题干关键词是understanding,negativereports和

newspapersortelevision0文中B段第一句提到，许多人从来没有用过互联网，他

们对