2026届高考考前最后一卷：英语（全国一卷02）（解析版）

1/242026年高考考前最后一卷（全国一卷）高三英语·全解全析（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束前，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A．TraveltoFrance. B．LearnmoreFrenchwords. C．ResearchintoFrenchculture.【答案】B【原文】M:I’velearnedsomuchaboutFrance,likeitscities,food,andcustoms.W:Yes.Bylivingthereforthepastfewmonths,youhavelearnedalot,especiallyitsculture.ButinordertogetevenbetteratspeakingFrench,youneedtoexpandyourvocabulary.2．Whatdidthemanbuy?A．Socks. B．Shorts. C．Shoes.【答案】B【原文】M:LookwhatI’vebought.I’llbeabletogetsomeairtomylegs.W:Great.Andyou’llneedanewpairofshoes.Blackshoesandsockswithshortsisn’tagoodlook.3．Whenwillthespeakersleaveforthetrainstation?A．At5:30p.m. B．At6:30p.m. C．At7:30p.m.【答案】A【原文】M:We’dbetterhurry,Jasmine.It’s4:30p.mnow.W:Comeon.Ourtrainleavesat7:30p.m.Itusuallytakesusanhourtogettothetrainstation.M:Whatarelief!Ithoughtitwouldleaveat6:30p.m.Well,inthatcase,wecansetoffinanhour.W:OK.4．Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelnow?A．Embarrassed. B．Frightened. C．Anxious.【答案】C【原文】W:Jack,haveyouseenSteven?M:Notsincehehandedoutthemagazinesanhourago.Why?W:He’ssupposedtobeattheairportnowtopickupMr.Jackson.I’vetriedeverythingbutstillcan’tgetaholdofhim.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Meansoftransport. B．Thecrowdedsubway. C．Therainyweather.【答案】A【原文】W:Thesubwayissocrowdedduringtherushhour.IwishIcouldbiketowork.M:It’smuchhealthier,butwiththisraineveryday,it’snotpractical.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates. B．Teacherandstudent. C．Bossandsecretary.7．Whatdoesthewomansuggestaddingtothepresentation?A．Morefacts. B．Morefigures. C．Morepictures.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】W:Goodafternoon,Tony,howareyougettingonwithyourproject?M:Ah,goodafternoon,ProfessorMuller.I’vealmostfinishedpreparingmypresentationforyourclass,butI’mnotreallysatisfiedwithit.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?W:I’llbehappyto.Whattopicdidyouchoose?M:It’saboutmethodsofpredictingearthquakes,butsofarit’sjustalotoffactsandfigures.HowcanImakeitmoreinterestingandeasytounderstand?W:Maybeyoucouldusesomecomputergraphsandpicturestohelptheclassmakesenseofyourpoints.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatdoesthewomanwanttolearn?A．Gardeningskills. B．Computerskills. C．Cookingskills.9．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Shehasbadeyesight.B．Hermindisn’tactive.C．Shehasapoormemory.10．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Buyanewring. B．Gotothetownhall. C．Callthenightschool.【答案】8．B9．A10．C【原文】W:NowthatIhaveretired,Iwouldliketolearnanewskill.M:Whatkindofskill,grandma?Somethinglikegardening.W:No,Ithoughtaboutcooking,butI'mquitegoodatthatalready.ThenIwasthinkingofcomputersM:Thatwouldbedifferent.Doyouthinkyoucoulddoit?W:Well,myeyesightispoor,butIamstillveryactiveandmymemoryisexcellent.M:Thereisanightschoolheldatthetownhallandtheyteachaboutcomputers.W:That'swhatIthought.Iwillgivethemaring.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Howdidthewomanstartgrowingplants?A．Shewasgivensomebyaneighbor.B．Shewantedtotryitsincechildhood.C．Sheneededahobbyafteraninjury.12．Whatdidthewomanwishformostasachild?A．Abat. B．Apet. C．Apot.13．Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atagardencenter.B．Inaplantmarket.C．Atthewoman’shome.【答案】11．A12．B13．C【原文】M:Wow,you’vegotsomanyplants!Ineverknewyouwereintogardening.W:Yeah,Istartedaboutfiveyearsago.Ithappenedkindofbyaccident,actually.M:Really?Howso?W:Well,myoldneighborwasmovingaway,andshecouldn’ttakeallherpottedplantswithher.SosheaskedifIwantedthem.M:Thatwasniceofher.W:Yeah,Iwasn’treallyinterestedatfirst.Backthen,Iwasonlyten—allIwantedwasasmallanimal!Alittlefox,ormaybeadog…evenarabbitwouldhavebeenexciting!M:Haha,plantsmusthaveseemedprettyboringthen.W:Theydid!ButonceIstartedtakingcareofthem,Ireallygrewtolikeit.It’sverycalming.M:Someoftheselookprettyunusual—liketheseoverhere.W:Oh,thosearedesertplants.They’rehardertokeep,butIthinkthey’reworthit.M:Doyoubuythemlocally?W:Sometimes,butIalsogrowalotfromseedsorcuttingsrighthereathome.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．WhyisEmilydoingunpaidworkinthenewseasonoftheshow?A．Tohelpraisethecrew'spay.B．Tosupportthepost-production.C．Tofollowthepracticeinshowbusiness.15．WhatenablesEmilytotrydifferentthingsinherfield?A．Hercollegeeducation.B．Thetelevisionindustry.C．Herteachingexperience.16．WhatdoesEmilythinkofherworkattheFilmCentre?A．Entertaining. B．Demanding. C．Rewarding.17．Whatisthemandoing?A．Hostingaworkshop.B．Declaringanewseason.C．Conductinganinterview.【答案】14．B15．A16．C17．C【原文】M:Emily,thankyoufortakingtimeoutofyourbusyscheduletoanswerafewquestions.W:It’smypleasure.M:Peoplesayyou’redoingunpaidworkinthenewseasonofMyFairLady.Isthiswhattheshowbusinesshasbecome?W:No,notreally.Allofmyactinginthenewseasonisunpaid.Butthecrewispaid.Thisistoraisemoneyforthepost-productionoftheshow.M:Inoticeyoutriedmanydifferentkindsofthings,film,TV,andeventheatre.W:Yeah,that’showIwastrainedatuniversity.Iworkonanythingthatexcitesme.M:TellusaboutthesixmonthsyourecentlyspentattheworkshopoftheFilmCentre.W:Itwasanunbelievableexperience,teachingyoungactorsandactresses,andworkingwithsomegreatactingartists.Itwasalsogreattoworkinvariouslabs,suchasdirectors,writers,andsoon.It’sveryhelpfulformakingyouareallywell-roundedandactivememberofthefilmandtelevisionindustry.M:Thankyouverymuch,Emily.Welookforwardtoyournewseason.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．WhatissaidaboutthebookTimeforWhatMatters?A．Itwillbepublishedsoon.B．Itshowshowtomasterattention.C．Ithasdifferentlanguageversions.19．WhatistheprimaryfunctionofDr.Martin’smethods?A．Reducingstress.B．Increasingefficiency.C．Discoveringmeaningfulactivities.20．WhatwillDr.Martindoafterherpresentation?A．Answerquestions.B．Meetsomereaders.C．Takeashortbreak.【答案】18．C19．A20．A【原文】

W:Ladiesandgentlemen,thankyouforjoiningouronlinesession.Today,wewillbediscussingtimemanagementstrategies.Ourspeaker,Dr.SusanMartin,isarenownedexpertintimemanagement.Shehaswrittenseveralbestsellingbooksonthetopic,includingTheFocusedMind,whichshowsreadershowtomastertheirattention,andTimeforWhatMatters,apracticalguidetopriority-basedliving.Bothworkshavebeentranslatedintomultiplelanguagesandarereachingaglobalreadership.Thepresentationwilllastforabout45minutes,followedbya15-minuteQ&Asession.Duringthetalk,Dr.Martinwillcoverkeystrategies,includingsettingcleargoals,prioritizingtasks,andusingtimeblockingtechniques.Thesemethodsaredesignedtoincreaseefficiencyandcreatespaceformeaningfulactivities,and,aboveall,toreducestress—abenefitthatmanyfindbothfreshandvaluable.Tomakethemostofthissession,pleasetypeyourquestionsintothechatboxthroughoutthepresentation.Iwillselectsomeofthemostrepresentativequestions,andDr.Martinwilladdressthemafterhertalk.Thankyouagainforbeinghere—let’sbegin.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（创新题）DearCitizens,Plasticsareproducedfromnaturalmaterialslikeoilandplantminerals,yettheresultingmaterialisentirelyunnatural.Thisnon-biodegradablesubstancehasspreadtoeverycorneroftheglobe—fromthedeepseatotheAntarctic,andevenintoourbodies.Everypieceofplasticevermadesurvivesinsomeform,withmosteventuallybreakingdownintomicroplastics:fragments(碎片)smallerthan5millimeters,invisibletotheunaidedeye.Scientistsestimatethattheupperoceansalonecontain24.4trillionsmallmicroplasticpieces.Microplasticsaredividedintoprimaryandsecondary.Primarymicroplasticsareintentionallyproducedintinyform,whilesecondarymicroplasticsresultfromtheenvironmentalbreakdownoflargerplasticitems.Themaintypesinclude:Typesofmicroplastics1FibersThesethin,thread-like(丝状的)plasticscomefromclothingandcigaretteends.Oneofthemainwaysthesefibersenterlakesisthroughwashingmachines.2MicrobeadsThesetinyplasticballsareoftenaddedtopersonalcareproductsbutaredifficulttoremovefromwastewaterduetotheirsmallsize.3FragmentsWhenalargerpieceofplasticbreaksdownduetosunlightandweathering,itbecomessmallermicroplasticfragments.4Nurdles(小球)Smallplasticpiecesproducedtomakelargerproducts,escapeintolakesandoceansduringtransportation.5FoamUsedaspackingprotectionindeliveryboxes,thissoftproductcanbebrokendowneasilyintomicroplastics.Howlongdocommonplasticitemstaketobreakdown?PlasticbagsCigaretteendsCoffeecupsBottlesToothbrushesFishinglinesCanholdersStraws20years5years30years450years500years600years400years200yearsWethereforeurgeeveryoneto:1.Reducetheuseofsingle-useplastics.2.Chooseclothingmadefromnaturalfibers.3.Participateinplasticwastesortingandrecycling.4.Selectpersonalcareproductswithoutmicrobeads.Protectingourplanetbeginswithconsciousdailychoices.GreenLivingAdvocacyCommitteeFebruary14,202621．Whatisthemainpurposeofthisinitiative?A．Toexplainhowmicroplasticsaregrouped. B．Topromoteeffortstoreducemicroplastics.C．Toanalyzehowmicroplasticsdegradeinnature. D．Toidentifymajorsourcesofmicroplastics.22．Whichofthefollowingareprimarymicroplastics?A．1,2and4. B．2and4. C．1,3and5. D．1and3.23．Whichplasticitemtakesthelongesttimetobreakdown?A．Plasticbags. B．Bottles. C．Toothbrushes. D．Fishinglines.【答案】21．B22．B23．D【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了微塑料的定义、分类、来源、降解时间及其对环境的危害，呼吁公众采取行动减少微塑料污染。21．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wethereforeurgeeveryoneto:1.Reducetheuseofsingle-useplastics.2.Chooseclothingmadefromnaturalfibers.3.Participateinplasticwastesortingandrecycling.4.Selectpersonalcareproductswithoutmicrobeads.(因此我们敦促每个人：1.减少使用一次性塑料。2.选择天然纤维制成的衣物。3.参与塑料垃圾分类和回收。4.选择不含微珠的个人护理产品。)”可知，本文的主要目的是促进减少微塑料污染的努力。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Microplasticsaredividedintoprimaryandsecondary.Primarymicroplasticsareintentionallyproducedintinyform,whilesecondarymicroplasticsresultfromtheenvironmentalbreakdownoflargerplasticitems.(微塑料分为初级和次级。初级微塑料是故意以微小形式生产的，而次级微塑料则是较大塑料物品在环境中分解的结果。)”以及表格中对2Microbeads（微珠）的描述“Thesetinyplasticballsareoftenaddedtopersonalcareproductsbutaredifficulttoremovefromwastewaterduetotheirsmallsize.(这些微小的塑料球常被添加到个人护理产品中，但由于体积小，难以从废水中去除。)”和对4Nurdles(塑料小球)的描述“Smallplasticpiecesproducedtomakelargerproducts,escapeintolakesandoceansduringtransportation.(为制造更大产品而生产的小塑料颗粒，在运输过程中逃逸到湖泊和海洋中。)”可知，Microbeads(微珠)和Nurdles(塑料小球)是故意生产的微小塑料，属于初级微塑料。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据表格“Howlongdocommonplasticitemstaketobreakdown?(常见塑料物品需要多长时间分解？)”中的数据：Plasticbags—20years(塑料袋——20年)；Bottles—450years(瓶子——450年)；Toothbrushes—500years(牙刷——500年)；Fishinglines—600years(渔线——600年)可知，Fishinglines—600years(渔线——600年)需要600年分解，是所列物品中时间最长的。故选D。B（原创题）ShawnQuinnwasfouryearsoldwhenApollo11landedonthemoonin1969.WhathesawonthetinyTVsetinhisparents’livingroom—theSaturnVrocketrisingfromitslaunchpad,NeilArmstrongandBuzzAldrinboundingaroundthelunarsurface,NBCNewsanchorJohnChancellor’scoverageoftheepoch-definingevent—sethimonapath.DuringsnowywinterdaysofhischildhoodinupstateNewYork,he’dzipintohissnowmobilesuit,slidehisarmsthroughthestrapsofhisbackpack,andventureoutintothegreatbeyond—theyardofhisfamilyhome—pretendingtobeanastronaut.“TheonlythingIeverwantedtodowasworkforNASA,buildbigrockets,andgotothemoon,”Quinnsays.ForQuinnandtheotheremployeeswhowereinspiredtoworkatNASAbecauseofApollo,thetimingisparticularlysignificant:It’shappeninginthelaterpartoftheircareers.ManyarenowservinginleadershippositionsfortheArtemisprogram.CharlieBlackwell-Thompsonremembershersecond-gradeteacherwheelingoutaTVcartinherclassroomtowatchcoverageofoneofthelatermoonlandings.“ItistheverythreadsofthatApolloprogramthatstartedweavingthepaththatledmetowhereIamtoday,”saysBlackwell-Thompson,whonowservesas

NASA’sfirstfemalelaunchdirector.“I’mpartofthatgenerationthatwassoinspiredbywhatNASAwasdoing.”

BrentGaddes,whoserves

asleadengineer

fortheOrionstageadapter,wasaboutthesameageasQuinnduringthefirstmoonlanding.“Irememberseeinglatermissionsongrainyblack-and-whiteTVscreens,andIwasalwaysfascinatedwiththespaceprogram,”hesays.AllthreebeganworkingatNASAinthe1980s.Noneofthemeverleft.WhileBlackwell-ThompsonandGaddesdon’thaveplanstoretire,Quinnplanstodepartshortlyaftertheastronautsmaketheirreturn.“Thiswillbemylastmission,”Quinnsays,whichmakesthemomentbothhistoricandpersonallysignificant:It’sthecapstoneofhiscareer,along-heldwishfinallyfulfilled.Overtheyears,“themoonwasakindofasplinterinthemind’seye,”Quinnadmits.“Thatdreamwasstillinmybones…Ineverlosthope.”24.WhatdidQuinndoafterhesawApollo11landingonthemoon?A.Heworkedhardathisphysics.B.Heimitatedanastronautathome.C.Hemadeabigrocketmodel.D.Hepretendedtogotothemoon.25.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Quinn,GaddesandThompsonaremotivatedbecauseoftheApollo11.B.Quinn,GaddesandThompsonallsawApollo11programatschool.C.Quinn,GaddesandThompsonareallastronautsinNASA.D.Quinn,GaddesandThompsonareallencouragedbytheirteachers.26.WhowillretireafterfinishingtheArtemismission?A.CharlieBlackwell-ThompsonB.BrentGaddesC.ShawnQuinnD.BuzzAldrin27.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thepowerofthedreamisgreat.B.Thepowerofencouragementisincredible.C.Apollo11programisunbelievable.D.Quinn,GaddesandThompsonworkatNASA.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.A

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Quinn,GaddesandThompson小时候，受到阿波罗11月球登陆的鼓舞和影响，励志为航天做贡献。长大后他们如愿以偿，成为NASA的工作人员。24.B考查细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的DuringsnowywinterdaysofhischildhoodinupstateNewYork,he’dzipintohissnowmobilesuit,slidehisarmsthroughthestrapsofhisbackpack,andventureoutintothegreatbeyond—theyardofhisfamilyhome—pretendingtobeanastronaut.可知，Quinn打扮成宇航员的样子，在院子里模仿、假装宇航员的情景。故选B。25.A考查推理判断题。根据文章的整体内容可知，Quinn,GaddesandThompson受到阿波罗11月球登陆的鼓舞和影响，长大后他们如愿以偿，成为NASA的工作人员。故选A。26.C考查细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Quinnplanstodepartshortlyaftertheastronautsmaketheirreturn.可知，在完成ArtemisII任务后，Quinn即将退休。故选C。27.A考查主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，Quinn,GaddesandThompson小时候，受到阿波罗11月球登陆的鼓舞和影响，励志为航天做贡献。长大后他们如愿以偿，成为NASA的工作人员。由此推知，文章的大意是：梦想的力量是巨大的。故选A。C（新情境）Oursolarsystemispepperedwithlargerocks,calledasteroids.IfabigasteroidstrikesEarth,therearemanypossibleoutcomes.Thespacerockcoulddropintotheoceanandnotharmanyone.Oritcouldwipeoutacity.Peoplehaveahardtimeunderstandingthechancesofanasteroidstrike.Soaresearchteamcalculatedthelikelihoodandcompareditwithotherevents—withsomesurprisingresults.“AlargeormediumasteroidhittingEarthwouldbenoticedworldwide,”saysCarrieNugent,aplanetaryscientistatOlinCollege.Whilekillerasteroidshavehitbefore,suchastheonethatfinishedoffthedinosaurs66millionyearsago,Nugentsaysasimilarsituationisnotexpectedtooccurinthefuture.“Wetrytoputthisevent,whichisactuallyapreventableevent,incontextwithotherpreventableevents,”sheadds.Usingacomputerprogram,Nugentandherteammodeledagroupofasteroidssimilartorealnear-Earthobjects(NEOs).TheyfedthemintoaprogramcalledJPLHorizons.Anyonecanusethatprogramtolookuppredictedlocationsforobjectsinthesolarsystem.Forthisproject,herteamdeterminedwhethereachmodeledasteroidwouldcrosspathswithEarth.Thatallowedtheteamtoestimatethefrequencyofasteroidsbiggerthan140metersacross,whichisaroundthesizeofalargeship,Nugentsays.AnasteroidofthissizewouldhitEarthroughlyevery11,000years.However,thatnumberisstillhardtounderstand.SoNugentcomparedthechancesofanasteroidhittingEarthwithothereventsthatpeoplemayexperienceasfollows.One-In-XChanceEventHappenstoanIndividual,orthePlanet,OveraHumanLifetimeBooksandmoviesoftendescribeasteroidrun-insasunstoppableevents.“Thetruthisactuallyentirelytheopposite,”shesays.NASA’sDARTMissionin2022hitanasteroidthatwasn’tindangerofhittingEarth.Thetestchangedtheasteroid’spath.Thisshowedthatpeoplemightbeabletoavoidsuchacrashoneday.So,it’simportanttodoresearch,suchasskysurveys,thatlocatetheseobjects.28．Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdoesNugentthinkofasteroidsstrikingEarth?A．It’shardtopredictit. B．It’surgenttopreventit.C．There’snoneedtoworryaboutit. D．There’llbedisastrousoutcomes.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inparagraph4referto?A．Computermodeling. B．Frequencyestimate.C．Systemoperation. D．Projectassessment.30．Whichofthefollowingeventsisleastlikelytohappen?A．Coyoteattack. B．Elephantattack.C．Carbonmonoxidepoisoning. D．Asteroidimpact.31．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A．Tointroducevariousasteroidresearchmethods.B．ToapplaudNASA’sasteroidresearchfindings.C．Todrawmediaattentiontoasteroidresearch.D．Tostresstheimportanceofasteroidresearch.【答案】28．C29．A30．A31．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家CarrieNugent及其团队通过计算机模拟计算小行星撞击地球的可能性，并将其与其他日常事件进行比较，以消除人们对小行星撞击的过度恐惧，同时强调了小行星研究的重要性。28．推理判断题。根据第二段“Whilekillerasteroidshavehitbefore,suchastheonethatfinishedoffthedinosaurs66millionyearsago,Nugentsaysasimilarsituationisnotexpectedtooccurinthefuture.(虽然致命的小行星以前曾撞击过地球，比如6600万年前导致恐龙灭绝的那颗，但Nugent表示，未来预计不会发生类似的情况)”可推知，Nugent认为未来不太可能发生类似恐龙灭绝那样的小行星撞击事件，因此人们不必过于担心。故选C。29．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Usingacomputerprogram,Nugentandherteammodeledagroupofasteroidssimilartorealnear-Earthobjects(NEOs).TheyfedthemintoaprogramcalledJPLHorizons.Anyonecanusethatprogramtolookuppredictedlocationsforobjectsinthesolarsystem.Forthisproject,herteamdeterminedwhethereachmodeledasteroidwouldcrosspathswithEarth.(利用计算机程序，Nugent及其团队构建了一组与真实近地天体（NEO）类似的小行星模型。他们将这些模型输入名为“JPLHorizons”的程序中。任何人都可以使用该程序来查询太阳系中物体的预计位置。在此次项目中，她的团队确定了每颗模型小行星是否会与地球相撞)”及第四段“Thatallowedtheteamtoestimatethefrequencyofasteroidsbiggerthan140metersacross,whichisaroundthesizeofalargeship,Nugentsays.(Nugent说，这使得研究团队能够估算出直径超过140米（相当于一艘大型船只的大小）的小行星出现的频率)”可推知，That指代的是前文提到的“computermodeling(计算机模拟)”这一过程，正是通过计算机模拟，团队才能估算小行星撞击的频率。故选A。30．细节理解题。根据文中关于概率的表格（One-In-XChance）可知，各事件发生的概率分别为：A.Coyoteattack(土狼袭击)1in1,000,000；B.Elephantattack(大象袭击)1in10,000；C.Carbonmonoxidepoisoning(一氧化碳中毒)1in100；D.Asteroidimpact(小行星撞击)1in1,000。注意：对数坐标的特点：坐标轴是10倍递增的（1→10→100→1000），所以视觉上的距离不代表线性比例，比如X从1到100，概率差了100倍，而不是100倍的视觉长度。概率越小，事件发生的可能性越低，土狼袭击的概率为百万分之一，是四个选项中最小的，因此最不可能发生。故选A。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Booksandmoviesoftendescribeasteroidrun-insasunstoppableevents.“Thetruthisactuallyentirelytheopposite,”shesays.NASA’sDARTMissionin2022hitanasteroidthatwasn’tindangerofhittingEarth.Thetestchangedtheasteroid’spath.Thisshowedthatpeoplemightbeabletoavoidsuchacrashoneday.So,it’simportanttodoresearch,suchasskysurveys,thatlocatetheseobjects.(书籍和电影常常将小行星碰撞事件描述为无法阻止的灾难性事件。但她表示：“事实恰恰相反。”美国宇航局2022年的DART任务击中了一颗没有撞击地球危险的小行星。这次测试改变了这颗小行星的轨道。这表明，或许有一天人类能够避免此类碰撞。因此，开展研究工作，比如进行天空普查，以定位这些天体，是非常重要的)”可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是强调小行星研究的重要性。故选D。D（新素材）Inthepre-digitalera,forgettingwasthedefault.Topreserveamemory,onehadtotakeaphotograph,writeinadiary,orconsciouslycommitaneventtomind.Today,thesituationisreversed:rememberingisthedefault.Everydigitalfootprint—fromsocialmediapoststolocationdata—isstoredindefinitelyinthevast“cloud.”Whilethistotalrecalloffersconvenience,italsothreatensafundamentalhumancapacity:theabilitytomoveonfromourpast.ViktorMayer-Schönberger,inhisbookDelete,arguesthathumanforgettingservesacriticalbiologicalandsocialpurpose.Itallowsustofilteroutirrelevantinformationand,moreimportantly,toevolvebeyondourpastmistakes.Whenoureveryyouthfulerrorispreservedforeverinasearchabledigitalrecord,weriskbeing“frozen”intime,judgedbywhowewereratherthanwhowehavebecome.This“digitalpermanence”candiscourageindividualsfromtakingrisksorexpressingunconventionalideasforfearoffuturerepercussions.Furthermore,theconstantpresenceofourpastcandistortourpresent.Psychologicalresearchsuggeststhattheactofoutsourcingourmemorytodevices—aphenomenonknownas“cognitiveoffloading”—mayactuallyweakenourinternalrecall.Whenweknowapieceofinformationissavedonline,ourbrainsarelesslikelytoprocessitdeeply.Webecomemastersoffindinginformation,butslavestothetoolsthatstoreit.Restoringthebalancerequiresaconsciousefforttoreintroduce“forgetting”intoourdigitalsystems.Thiscouldmean“expirationdates”forcertaintypesofdataorprivacylawsthatgrantindividualsthe“righttobeforgotten.”Technologyshouldserveasatoolforhumanflourishing,notadigitalcagethatkeepsustrappedinanunchangeablepast.32．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“rememberingisthedefault”inParagraph1?A．Peoplearenowbornwithbettermemories.B．Digitalinformationisautomaticallysaved.C．Forgettinghasbecomeanimpossiblebiologicaltask.D．Mostpeopleprefertokeeptheirdiariesonline.33．AccordingtoMayer-Schönberger,whatisanegativeeffectof“digitalpermanence”?A．Itmakesirrelevantinformationhardertoprocess.B．Ithelpspeoplelearnmorequicklyfromtheirerrors.C．Itforcesindividualstorepeattheirpastmistakes.D．Itmaypreventpeoplefromgrowingandchanging.34．Whatdoesthe“cognitiveoffloading”mentionedinParagraph3resultin?A．Adeeperunderstandingofdigitaltools.B．Anincreaseinourbrain’sstoragecapacity.C．Adeclineinourabilitytorememberthingsinternally.D．Abetterbalancebetweenworkandpersonallife.35．Whatistheauthor’smainmessageinthetext?A．Humandevelopmentrequiresahealthybalancebetweenrememberingandforgetting.B．Weshouldappreciatetheconveniencebroughtbythe“cloud.”C．Digitalstorageshouldbeexpandedforfuturegenerations.D．Privacylawsaretheonlywaytoprotectourdigitalfootprints.【答案】32．B33．D34．C35．A【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章对比了数字时代和前数字时代的记忆模式，论述了数字永久存储的弊端，呼吁人们平衡记忆与遗忘。32．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Inthepre-digitalera,forgettingwasthedefault.Topreserveamemory,onehadtotakeaphotograph,writeinadiary,orconsciouslycommitaneventtomind.Today,thesituationisreversed:rememberingisthedefault.Everydigitalfootprint—fromsocialmediapoststolocationdata—isstoredindefinitelyinthevast“cloud.”(在前数字时代，遗忘是常态。为了保存记忆，人们不得不拍照、写日记，或者有意识地把一件事记在脑子里。如今，情况截然相反：记忆是常态。每一个数字足迹——从社交媒体帖子到位置数据——都会被无限期地存储在浩瀚的“云端”)”可知，作者说与前数字时代的“遗忘是常态”相对比，数字时代“记忆是常态”，意思是数字时代各类数字信息会被自动保存在“云端”。故选B项。33．推理判断题。根据第二段中“ViktorMayer-Schönberger,inhisbookDelete,arguesthathumanforgettingservesacriticalbiologicalandsocialpurpose.Itallowsustofilteroutirrelevantinformationand,moreimportantly,toevolvebeyondourpastmistakes.Whenoureveryyouthfulerrorispreservedforeverinasearchabledigitalrecord,weriskbeing“frozen”intime,judgedbywhowewereratherthanwhowehavebecome.(ViktorMayer-Schönberger在他的书《删除》中认为，人类的遗忘服务于重要的生物学和社会目的。它允许我们过滤掉不相关的信息，更重要的是，超越我们过去的错误。当我们年少时所有的错误都被永久保存在可检索的数字记录中时，我们会有被“困在”过去的风险，人们会用过去的我们来评判我们，而非现在的我们)”可知，Mayer-Schönberger认为数字永久存储的负面影响是，它可能会把人们“困在”过去，进而阻碍人们成长和改变。故选D项。34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Psychologicalresearchsuggeststhattheactofoutsourcingourmemorytodevices—aphenomenonknownas“cognitiveoffloading”—mayactuallyweakenourinternalrecall.(心理学研究表明，把记忆交给电子设备的行为——这种现象被称为“认知卸载”——实际上可能会削弱我们内在的记忆能力)”可知，认知卸载会导致自身内在记忆能力下降。故选C项。35．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Whilethistotalrecalloffersconvenience,italsothreatensafundamentalhumancapacity:theabilitytomoveonfromourpast.(尽管这种完全记忆提供了便利，但它也威胁到了人类一项基本能力：放下过去的能力)”和最后一段中“Restoringthebalancerequiresaconsciousefforttoreintroduce“forgetting”intoourdigitalsystems.(恢复这种平衡需要有意识地将“遗忘”重新引入我们的数字系统)”可知，作者想要传达的核心观点是人类发展需要在记忆和遗忘之间找到健康的平衡。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Trustisapowerfulemotionthatbuildsrelationshipsandconnections.Itisakeypartofgoodrelationshipsandfriendships,yetitdoesn’tcomeeasilytoeveryone.36Butrealtrustisfarlessconcretethanthat.Ourabilitytotrustisinfluencedbyourexperiences,ourpastandourpersonality.Trustisattheheartofourdailylife.Weshowtrustinpeopleinalmosteverysmallsituation.Whenyoutakeataxi,youtrustthedrivertokeepyousafe.Whenyouturntoadoctor,youtrustthemtocareforyourhealth.37Oncebroken,trustcanbehardtorestore.38Ifyouhavebeenhurtbypeopleyoutrusted,youmayfindithardtobelieveinothersagain.Everythingwehaveheard,seenandexperiencedinourlifefeedsintoourabilitytotrustpeoplenow.Afriendwhotellsyoursecrets,abosswhobreaksapromise—allthesethingscanchangethewaywetrust.39Somepeoplecanletgoofpastpain,whileotherscarryitintonewrelationships.Ourpersonalityplaysanimportantrole.40Startbysettingyourownboundariesandvalues.Focusonwhatyoubelieveinandstaytruetoyourself.Ifyourdistrustcomesfromseriouspasthurt,turningtoprofessionalhelpisalsoawisecho