2026届高考考前最后一卷：英语（全国一卷03）（解析版）

1/242026年高考考前最后一卷（全国一卷）高三英语·全解全析（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束前，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1．Whatwillthewomandothisevening?A．Hangoutwiththeman.B．WatchTVathome.C．Workovertime.【答案】C【原文】M:Areyoufreetohangoutthisevening?W:IwishIcould,butIhavesomuchworktofinish.I’llbestuckintheofficelateagain.M:You’vebeenbusylately.W:Yeah.IthasbeentwoweekssinceIlastwatchedTVathome.2．HowwillthewomangettotheNationalArtsMuseum?A．Bytaxi. B．Bybus. C．Bysubway.【答案】C【原文】W:Excuseme,sir.HowcanIgettotheNationalArtsMuseum?M:Taketubeline6,getoffattheFifthAvenue.GooutthroughExitBandturnleft.W:Howlongwillittaketogetthere?M:Aroundhalfanhour.Ofcourse,ataxiwillbefasterbutmoreexpensive.W:Iwilltaketheformerthen.3．WhenwillLilyarrivehere?A．At10:30. B．At10:45. C．At11:45.【答案】C【原文】M:DoyouthinkwecanseeLilybeforetenthirty?W:Shewon’tarrivehereuntilelevenforty-five,forthetrainwillstartataquartertoeleven.4．Whatkindofpersonistheman?A．Clever. B．Considerate. C．Patient.【答案】B【原文】W:WhatwouldyoulikeforChristmasthisyear,dear?M:IfeelsoluckythatyouandDadprepareagiftformeeveryChristmas.I’dratheryougavegiftstopoorchildreninstead.W:I’mgladtohearthat.Maybeyoucouldgivethisyear’sgifttoacharity.5．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Trafficlights. B．Parkingrules. C．Aspeedingticket.【答案】C【原文】M:Ican’tbelieveyougotaticket.Didyourunaredlight?W:Notexactly.Iwasdrivingat40milesanhourinaschoolzone.Thefineishuge!It’salotmorethanthefineforgoingthewrongwayonaone-waystreet.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatisthewomanconcernedaboutatfirst?A．Wheretostart.B．Howtouseatool.C．Whethertodrawamap.7．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodoafterschool?A．Explorethelocalarea.B．Asktheteacherformoredetails.C．Dividetasksandworkseparately.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:So,firstofall,weneedtomakeamapofourlocalareaforournextgeographylesson.W:OK.Theteachermentionedthatonlinemap-makingtool,butshedidn’tgiveusmanydetails.Itseemsthatitisquitecomplicatedtouse.M:Theteachersaidthatthetooljustlooksdifficulttouse,butit’sactuallynotthathard.Ithinkweneedtogetfamiliarwiththeareabeforewestartusingthetool.W:Thatmakessense.Let’smeetupafterschoolandfigurethisouttogether.M:OK.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Ahikingroute. B．Aweatherforecast. C．Aplanadjustment.9．WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSaturdaymorning?A．Rainyandcool. B．Windyanddry. C．Sunnyandwarm.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A．Leavingafterlunch.B．Bringingalightjacket.C．Packingsomewaterproofbags.【答案】8．C9．A10．B【原文】W:HiTom!What’syourplanforthisSaturday?M:I’mgoingtoclimbthenorthernmountainswithsomefriends.Ihopeitwon’train—we’veplannedthisforweeks.W:Icheckedtheweatherforecastthismorning.It’llrainlightlyfromFridaynighttoSaturdaymorning,butclearupbynoon.Thetemperaturewillbearound18to25℃,withalightwindintheafternoon.M:Perfect!Sowecanleaveafterlunchinsteadofearlymorning.Thatway,we’llavoidtherainandenjoythesunnyafternoon.W:Exactly.Andtheairwillbefresheraftertherain—greatformountainclimbing.Don’tforgettobringalightjacket,though.Itmightbeabitcool.M:Gotit.I’llalsopacksomewaterproofbagsjustincase.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atafitnesscenter.B．Atthewoman’soffice.C．Atalocalbank.12．Whatisthewoman’sstrength?A．Herskilledprofessionalteam.B．Herbusinesseducationbackground.C．Herrichexperienceinathletetraining.13．Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A．Approvefinancialsupport.B．Becomeherbusinesspartner.C．Assistwithconstructionplanning.【答案】11．C12．A13．A【原文】M:Goodmorning,Ms.Chen.Thankyouformeetingwithmetoday.We’vereviewedyourproposalforthenewfitnesscenter,anditlooksverypromising.W:Letmeexplainthisconceptfurther.Iwanttocreateacomprehensivewellnesshubthatcombinesfitness,healthservices,andrecreationalactivities.M:Iunderstand.Yourproposalmentionssignificantstartupcosts.It’sraretoseeapplicationsfromsomeonewithoutformalbusinesstraining.W:True.ButI’vebeenpassionateaboutfitnesssincechildhood.Imaynotbeatopathlete,butwellnessismyspecialty.Iwanttomakefitnessaccessibletoourentirecommunity.M:Thistownreallylacksaproperfitnessfacility.Doyouexpectustobecomebusinesspartners?W:Ialreadyhaveanexcellentteamofprofessionalsworkingwithme.Whatweneednowistheinitialfunding.M:Iadmireyourenthusiasmandvision.I’veapprovedyourbusinessloanapplication,andI’llnowpresentittotheseniorloanofficersforfinalreview.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Teacherandstudent.B．Bossandemployee.C．Doctorandpatient.15．WhydoesHenryintendtostartabusiness?A．Hedesirestoearnmore.B．Heisunabletofindagoodjob.C．Hewantsfreedomatwork.16．WhatdoesHenryplantodo?A．Rentanoffice.B．Runabusinessonline.C．Hireanextrahand.17．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetoHenry’splanatlast?A．Supportive. B．Unsatisfied. C．Doubtful.【答案】14．A15．C16．B17．A【原文】W:Henry,comeinandtakeaseat.M:Thankyou,MissSmith.W:Whydon’tyoustartsearchingforajob?Yourclassmateshaveallbegun.M:Iwantsomethingmorechallenging.W:Likewhat?M:Torunmyownbusinessandbemyownboss.W:Whydoyouwanttostartyourownbusiness?Studentsofyourmajorinourschoolcaneasilylandajobnowadays.M:Well,Ihatebeingcontrolledbyothers.W:Idon’tmeantodiscourageyou,butdoyouknowthatmostnewbusinessesfail?Areyoufullyprepared?M:SureIam.Toavoidrisk,I’llstartbyopeningasmallonlinestoreinordertomakethefirstbucketofgoldofmylife.W:That’sdown-to-earth.Theprofitsmaybelow,butyoudon’thavetoputintoomuchmoney.M:Yeah,Icanworkathome,savingthecostofrentinganoffice.AndIdon’thavetohireanextrahandunlessI’mextremelybusy.W:Good.Inthatway,littlebylittle,youcangetenoughstart-upinvestmentforyourowncompany.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whatinspiredthespeakertobecomeapilot?A．Arelative’scareer. B．Asightinthesky. C．Atripabroad.19．WhydidthespeakerflytoSouthAmerica?A．Tofindanewjob. B．Totakeaflyinglesson. C．Torelaxfromwork.20．Whatdidtheairlineoffertodoforthespeaker?A．Theygavehimanewposition.B．Theyprovidedavolunteerjobforhim.C．Theyintroducedhimtoadeliverycompany.【答案】18．B19．C20．A【原文】M:I’vedreamedofbeingapilotsinceIwasfive.Iwouldlookupattheskyandseethetrailsoftheplanes,likelinesofclouds.Iwasdeterminedtoflyplanesaroundtheworldoneday.IimaginedstayingingreathotelsandforeigndestinationslikeParis,NewYork,andSingapore.However,afterIgotmypilotlicense,therewerenotmanyjobsgoing.Tomakeendsmeet,Istartedflyingsmallplanesforalocaldeliveryfirm,neverleavingmyowncountry.ThoughitpaidwellandIgotlotsofexperience,Ikeptlookingforjobsthatwerebettermatchedtomychildhooddream.Ifinallygottoflyapassengerplaneunderanunexpectedcircumstance.Ihaddecidedtotakeawell-earnedvacationinSouthAmerica.Whileonaflight,thepilotfellill,andthecabincrewaskedifanyonehadpilotexperience.Iimmediatelyvolunteered,landingtheplanesafelyatanearbyairport.Forthebrieftime,Iwasincharge;IwasawarethatIwasresponsibleforallthepeopleonboard.Itwasagreatresponsibility.TheairlinesaidIshowedgreatbraveryandofferedmeanewjobflyingpassengerplanes,whichIhappilyaccepted.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（创新题）Doyouwanttogocampinginanationalpark?Thisistheplacetostart!YellowstoneNationalPark,well-knownastheworld’sfirstnationalpark,hasavarietyofcampgroundsforyoutochoosefrom.AboutReservationAllcampgroundsmustbereservedinadvance,withtheexceptionofMammothwhichoffersfirst-come,first-servedsites.Inthecampgrounds,youcanalsobeofferedcertainserviceasfollows.Pleasetakealookatitbeforeyoumakeareservation.Campground2026DatesNightlyPriceSitesBridgeBay5/15-9/13$38431●●●●FishingBridgeRV(房车)Park6/8-10/17$94310●●●●●GrantVillage6/26-9/26$45429●●●●●LewisLake6/15-10/11$2084●●●Madison5/1-10/17$38278●●●●MammothYear-round$2582●●●TowerFall5/22-9/27$3031●●●Disabled-friendlysitesPayshowersToiletsFullhookups(接口)DumpstationBikerandhikersites(limitednumber)AboutGroupSitesGroupsitesarefoundatBridgeBay,GrantVillage,andMadisoncampgroundsforlargegroupswithaleaderwhoisofficiallyresponsibleforthegroup(e.g.educationalgroups).Pricesvaryfrom$165to$475onenight,dependingongroupsize.Advancereservationsarealsorequested.PleasecontactYellowstoneNationalParkLodgesfordetailedinformation.AboutRVsIfyou’rerentinganRV,youcan’thaveitdeliveredorpickedupoutsidethepark.Youmustdriveitinandoutyourself.FishingBridgeRVParkistheonlycampgroundofferingwater,sewers(排污管),andelectricalhookups,anditisforhard-sidedvehiclesonly.Soft-sidedsetups,includingtents,arenotallowed.Dumpstations,whichallowRVownerstoemptytheirwastesafelyandcleanly,mayclosewhentemperaturesarebelowfreezing.21．WhatisthenightlypriceforacampgroundwithfullhookupsandtoiletsinAugust?A．$20. B．$30.C．$94. D．$45.22．Whatcanweknowaboutthementionedcampgrounds?A．Aleaderisamustforgroupsites.B．Allofthemshouldbebookedbeforehand.C．Dumpstationsareavailableallyeararound.D．Pricesofgroupsitesdependsonthereservationdate.23．Whichcolumnisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Currentaffairs. B．Business.C．Culture. D．Lifestyle.【答案】21．C22．A23．D【解析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了黄石国家公园各露营地的预订信息、设施、价格，以及团体营地、房车露营的相关规定，为游客提供露营出行的实用指南。21．细节理解题。根据表格中“Fullhookups(接口)”和“Toilets(洗手间)”的标识，同时满足两项的是FishingBridgeRV(房车)Park；其开放时间为6/8-10/17，8月在该时段内，每晚价格为$94。故选C。22．细节理解题。根据AboutGroupSites部分“GroupsitesarefoundatBridgeBay,GrantVillage,andMadisoncampgroundsforlargegroupswithaleaderwhoisofficiallyresponsibleforthegroup(e.g.educationalgroups).(团体营地位于BridgeBay、GrantVillage和Madison露营地，供有正式负责人的大型团体使用，例如教育团体。)”可知，团体营地必须有负责人。故选A。23．推理判断题。文章围绕黄石国家公园的露营出行展开，介绍了各露营地的开放日期、每晚价格、营地数量、可用设施，以及关于团体营地和房车的特殊规定。这些信息旨在为游客提供露营活动的实用指南，涉及休闲方式的选择与服务信息，因此最可能出自“Lifestyle(生活方式)”栏目。故选D。BI’vebeeninterestedinthenaturalworldeversinceIwasalittleboy.Everyweekend,I’dcheckoutasmanybooksaboutanimalsfromthelibraryasIcouldcarry.IdreamedoffollowinginJaneGoodall’sfootsteps,goingawayforyearstoliveinthewildandstudyanimals.SometimesI’dcrouchinthegrassforhours,iPadinhand,hopingtogettheperfectshotofagrasshopper.Overtheyears,I’vechangedinmanyways,butmyloveofnatureandsciencehasneverfaded.SinceIenteredhighschool,IhavebeenintheScienceOlympiadteam.ThatoldsenseofwonderIfeltasachildwhenstudyinganimalscamerushingback.Everydaybringsnewadventures.Oneday,Imightbeexploringthebirthoftheuniverseasanastronomer;thenext,Icouldbestudyingtherocksbeneathmyfeetasageologist.I’mluckytohavesomanyamazingteammates.Together,we’verunteststoperfectthedesignofourmodelcar.We’vepretendedtobeforensic(法医的)scientists,solving“crimes”bystudyingdifferentobjects.Iusedtopreferworkingalone.Ioncethoughtateamcouldsucceedonlyifeveryonewasanexpert.WorkingwithmyScienceOlympiadteammateshaschangedmymind.I’velearnedthatteamworkisn’tjustaboutdividingupthework—it’saboutcombiningstrengths.Nogreatachievement,fromlandingonthemoontomappingthehumangenome,haseverbeenmadealone.Italwaystakesthousandsofpeopleworkingtogethertomaketheimpossiblepossible.I’meagerformynextscienceadventure.Butunlikebefore,InowknowthatIwon’tbealoneexplorer.Myteammateswillbebymyside,learningandgrowingalongsideme.24．Whatdidtheauthordoeveryweekendasachild?A．Hestudiedanimalsinthewild.B．Heborrowedanimalbooksfromthelibrary.C．HereadbooksaboutJaneGoodall.D．HephotographedgrasshopperswithhisiPad.25．Whatfeaturestheauthor’sactivitiesinhighschool?A．Itcoversarangeofsciencefields.B．Itfocusesondesigningmodelcars.C．Itrequiresworkingaloneforlongperiods.D．Itisalwaysrelatedtostudyinganimals.26．Whichproverbbestreflectstheauthor’snewviewoncooperation?A．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.B．Manyhandsmakelightwork.C．Greatmindsthinkalike.D．Achainisnostrongerthanitsweakestlink.27．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ThePowerofScientificCuriosityB．TheJoyofStudyingAnimalsC．FromaLoneExplorertoaTeamPlayerD．AdventuresintheScienceOlympiadTeam【答案】24．B25．A26．B27．C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小对自然和科学的热爱，以及随着时间推移，从独自探索到团队合作的转变过程。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Everyweekend,I’dcheckoutasmanybooksaboutanimalsfromthelibraryasIcouldcarry.(每个周末，我都会从图书馆借尽可能多的关于动物的书。)”可知，作者小时候每个周末都会从图书馆借关于动物的书。故选B项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段“SinceIenteredhighschool,IhavebeenintheScienceOlympiadteam.ThatoldsenseofwonderIfeltasachildwhenstudyinganimalscamerushingback.Everydaybringsnewadventures.Oneday,Imightbeexploringthebirthoftheuniverseasanastronomer;thenext,Icouldbestudyingtherocksbeneathmyfeetasageologist.(自从我进入高中，我就加入了科学奥林匹克队。我小时候研究动物时的那种惊奇感又回来了。每一天都带来新的冒险。有一天，我可能作为天文学家探索宇宙的诞生；第二天，我可能作为地质学家研究脚下的岩石。)”可知，作者在高中参加科学奥林匹克队，其活动涵盖了多个科学领域，包括天文学和地质学等。故选A项。26．推理判断题。根据第四段“I’velearnedthatteamworkisn’tjustaboutdividingupthework—it’saboutcombiningstrengths.Nogreatachievement,fromlandingonthemoontomappingthehumangenome,haseverbeenmadealone.Italwaystakesthousandsofpeopleworkingtogethertomaketheimpossiblepossible.(我明白了团队合作不仅仅是分工合作，而是要集思广益。从登月到绘制人类基因组图谱，没有任何伟大的成就是靠一个人完成的。它总是需要成千上万的人一起工作，才能使不可能成为可能。)”可知，作者通过参与科学奥林匹克队的活动，认识到了团队合作的重要性，明白了团队合作不仅仅是分工，更是集思广益，共同实现目标。由此可推知，B项“Manyhandsmakelightwork.(人多好办事。)”这一谚语最能反映作者对合作的新看法。故选B项。27．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I’meagerformynextscienceadventure.Butunlikebefore,InowknowthatIwon’tbealoneexplorer.Myteammateswillbebymyside,learningandgrowingalongsideme.(我渴望下一次的科学冒险。但与以前不同的是，我现在知道我不会是一个孤独的探险家。我的队友们会在我身边，和我一起学习，一起成长。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者从小对自然和科学的热爱，以及随着时间推移，从独自探索到团队合作的转变过程。C项“FromaLoneExplorertoaTeamPlayer(从孤独的探险家到团队合作者)”概括了文章的主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。C（新情境）Plentyofpreviousresearchhasshownthatinteractingwithnaturereducesstress,butitisnotclearhowlongandhowoftentheengagementneedstobe.AnewstudypublishedinthejournalFrontiersinPsychologysuggeststhatyoudon’thavetodevoteafullday,orevenseveralhourstobenefitfromthecontactwithnature.MaryCarolHunter,thestudy’sleadauthor,andhercolleaguesrecruited36residentsofMichigan,almostallofwhomwerewomenandwhite.Theyinstructedtheparticipantstospend10minutesormore,atleastthreetimesaweek,inanoutdoorspacewheretheycouldinteractwithnature.Inthehopeofreflectinghowpeoplemightrealisticallyengagewithnatureastheygoabouttheireverydaylives,theresearchersgavetheparticipantspermissiontochoosewhereandwhentheyvisitedthoseoutdoorspaces.TheparticipantswerealsoinstructedtoavoidaccessingtheInternet,takingphonecalls,readingorengaginginconversationswhiletheyweretheretominimizefactorsknowntoinfluencestress.Everytwoweekstheparticipantscollectedsaliva(唾液)samplesbeforeandaftertheirnatureexperience.Theresearchersusedthosesamplestomeasurelevelsofthestresshormonecortisol(皮质醇),abodychemicalknowntoberelatedtostress.Thestudyfoundthattheparticipants’levelsofcortisoldroppedbyanaverageof21percentafterspendingtimeinanurbangreenspace.Theeffectsweremostpronouncedwhenthenatureexperiencewasbetween20and30minuteslong.Levelsofthehormonedroppedfurtherwhenparticipantsspentlongerperiods,butataslowerrate.Thisstudywasquitesmall,anditsparticipantswerenotdiverse.Furthermore,itmeasuredonlydropsinbiomarkersforstressinsteadofdirectimpactonspecifichealthoutcomes.Still,thestudy’sfindingsareinlinewithagrowingbodyofresearchthatsupportstheideathatspendingtimeinorlivingnearagreenspacecanhaveapositiveeffectonhealthandprovidesthefirstestimatesofhownatureexperiencesimpactstresslevelsinthecontextofnormaldailylife.28．WhatdoesHunter’sstudyfocuson?A．Theroleofcortisolinstressreduction. B．Thebenefitsofspendingtimeoutdoors.C．Theimpactofnatureonphysicalhealth. D．Theidealdurationinnatureforstressrelief.29．Whyweretheparticipantsprohibitedfromcertainactivitiesinoutdoorspaces?A．Tokeepdisturbingfactorsfromaffectingstress.B．Totesttheirabilitytostayofflineforalongtime.C．Toreflecthowpeoplerealisticallyengagewithnature.D．Toencourageparticipantstofocusonphysicalexercise.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inparagraph5mean?A．Direct. B．Lasting. C．Slight. D．Significant.31．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofHunter’sstudy?A．Unreliablebutnovel. B．Specificandinfluential.C．Limitedbutinformative. D．Comprehensiveandvalid.【答案】28．D29．A30．D31．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于与自然接触对缓解压力影响的研究，包括研究目的、过程、结果以及作者对该研究的评价。28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Plentyofpreviousresearchhasshownthatinteractingwithnaturereducesstress,butitisnotclearhowlongandhowoftentheengagementneedstobe.(以前的大量研究表明，与自然互动可以减轻压力，但尚不清楚这种互动需要多长时间以及多久进行一次。)”可知，Hunter的研究关注的是缓解压力的理想自然时长。故选D。29．细节理解题。根据第三段“TheparticipantswerealsoinstructedtoavoidaccessingtheInternet,takingphonecalls,readingorengaginginconversationswhiletheyweretheretominimizefactorsknowntoinfluencestress.(参与者还被指示在户外时避免上网、接电话、阅读或交谈，以尽量减少已知会影响压力的因素。)”可知，禁止参与者在户外空间进行某些活动是为了防止干扰因素影响压力。故选A。30．词句猜测题。根据下文“Levelsofthehormonedroppedfurtherwhenparticipantsspentlongerperiods,butataslowerrate.(当参与者花费更长的时间时，激素水平会进一步下降，但速度较慢。)”可知，下文提到时间更长效果下降速率变慢，说明20–30分钟时效果最显著、最明显。由此可知，pronounced意为“显著的”。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisstudywasquitesmall,anditsparticipantswerenotdiverse.Furthermore,itmeasuredonlydropsinbiomarkersforstressinsteadofdirectimpactonspecifichealthoutcomes.Still,thestudy’sfindingsareinlinewithagrowingbodyofresearchthatsupportstheideathatspendingtimeinorlivingnearagreenspacecanhaveapositiveeffectonhealthandprovidesthefirstestimatesofhownatureexperiencesimpactstresslevelsinthecontextofnormaldailylife.(这项研究规模相当小，参与者也不多样化。此外，它只测量了压力生物标志物的下降，而不是对特定健康结果的直接影响。尽管如此，这项研究的结果与越来越多的研究一致，这些研究支持这样一种观点，即花时间在绿色空间或生活在绿色空间附近可以对健康产生积极影响，并首次估算了在正常日常生活中自然体验如何影响压力水平。)”可知，作者认为Hunter的研究有限但信息丰富。故选C。D（新素材）Formanycitydwellers(居民),aparkismerelyapleasantplacetowalkadogorhaveapicnic.However,agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhaturbangreenspacesplayafarmoreessentialrolethansimplyprovidingrecreation.Theyare,infact,aformofpublichealthfacility—onethatisasvitaltoacity’swell-beingashospitalsandcleanwatersystems.AlandmarkstudyconductedbyresearchersinDenmarktrackedover900,000peoplefromchildhoodtoadulthood.Thefindingswerestriking:childrenwhogrewupsurroundedbythehighestlevelsofgreenspacehada55%lowerchanceofdevelopingmentaldisorderslaterinlife.Theprotectiveeffectremainedevenafteraccountingforotherfactorssuchasfamilydiseasehistoryandsocioeconomicstatus.Otherstudieshaveshownthatregularexposuretonaturecanlowerbloodpressure,reducestresshormones,andevenboostimmunefunction.Whydoesnaturehavesuchprofoundeffectsonhumanhealth?Scientistspointtoseveralmechanisms.First,naturalenvironmentsencouragephysicalactivity—peoplearemorelikelytowalkorbikewhentherouteislinedwithtrees.Second,greenspacespromotesocialinteraction,asparksbecomegatheringplacesthatstrengthencommunitybonds.Perhapsmostimportantly,natureoffersarelieffromtheconstantdemandsofurbanlife.Thesoftpatternsofleavesandthesoundsofbirdsallowthebrain’sattentionsystemstorestandrecover,aphenomenoncalled“attentionrestoration.”Despitetheclearbenefits,accesstonatureisnotevenlydistributed.Lower-incomeneighborhoodsoftenhavefewerparksandtrees,adivisionthatcontributestohealthinequalities.Moreover,ascitiescontinuetogrow,greenspacesarefrequentlysacrificedforhousingandcommercialdevelopment.Thistrendcomesatahiddencosttopublichealth.Themessageforurbanplannersisclear:greenspacesshouldnotbeviewedasluxuriestobeaddedonlyafteracity’s“real”needsaremet.Theyarenotmeredecorations.Theyareessentialtobuildingcitiesthatarenotonlyeconomicallyproductivebutalsomentallyandphysicallyhealthy.32．Whatdoesthestudyinparagraph2tellaboutgrowingupneargreenspaces?A．Itbuildsuptheriskofhealthproblems.B．Itreducesthelikelinessofmentalproblems.C．Ithaseffectonchildrenfrompoorfamilies.D．Itonlybenefitschildrenwhooftenplayoutdoors.33．Accordingtoparagraph3,howdoesnaturehelppeoplerecoverfrommentaltiredness?A．Byallowingthebraintorest. B．Byforcingpeopletoworkout.C．Byencouragingpeopletosocialize. D．Bycuttingthetimespentonsmartphones.34．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecurrentstateofurbangreenspaces?A．Theyareoftenremovedforcityexpansion.B．Theyareequallyavailabletocityresidents.C．Theyarelesscommoninrichneighborhood.D．Theyareappreciatedbyallcommunities.35．Whatistheauthor’smainargumentregardinggreenspacesincities?A．Theyarealuxurythatonlywealthycitiescanafford.B．Theyaremoreimportantthanhousesandcommerce.C．Theymainlyfunctionasameanstobeautifythecity.D．Theyshouldbetreatedasessentialpublichealthresources.【答案】32．B33．A34．A35．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明城市绿地不仅是休闲场所，更是重要的公共健康设施。自然环境有益身心健康，但目前城市绿地分布不均，常因城市扩张被牺牲，作者呼吁应将其视为必需的公共健康资源。32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefindingswerestriking:childrenwhogrewupsurroundedbythehighestlevelsofgreenspacehada55%lowerchanceofdevelopingmentaldisorderslaterinlife.(研究结果令人震惊：在绿色空间最多环境中长大的孩子，日后患精神疾病的可能性要低55%。)”可知，在绿色空间环绕下成长的孩子，日后患精神障碍的几率降低55%，即减少了患精神问题的可能性。故选B项。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thesoftpatternsofleavesandthesoundsofbirdsallowthebrain’sattentionsystemstorestandrecover,aphenomenoncalled‘attentionrestoration.’(树叶柔和的纹理和鸟儿的啼鸣能让大脑的注意力系统得到休整和恢复，这种现象被称为“注意力恢复”。)”可知，自然通过让大脑休息和恢复来帮助人们从精神疲劳中恢复过来，即允许大脑休息。故选A项。34．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Moreover,ascitiescontinuetogrow,greenspacesarefrequentlysacrificedforhousingandcommercialdevelopment.(此外，随着城市不断扩张，绿地常常因建设住宅和商业设施而遭到牺牲。)”可知，随着城市的不断扩张，绿色空间经常被牺牲用于住房和商业开发，即它们经常因城市扩张而被移除。故选A项。35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theyarenotmeredecorations.Theyareessentialtobuildingcitiesthatarenotonlyeconomicallyproductivebutalsomentallyandphysicallyhealthy.(它们并非仅仅是装饰品。它们对于建设既具有经济生产力又身心健康的城市而言是至关重要的。)”可知，作者认为绿色空间不仅仅是装饰品，它们对于建设不仅在经济上富有成效，而且在精神和身体健康方面也至关重要的城市是必不可少的，即作者认为绿色空间应被视为重要的公共卫生资源。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoHandleDifficultPeopleWithoutLosingYourCoolYouhavespenthoursonaproject,onlytohaveacoworkerorsuperiorcriticizeitforcountless,non-existentflaws(瑕疵).36Yourfriendisignoringyou,andwhenyouaskwhatthematteris,shereplies,“Nothing,”andcontinuesdoingitanyway.Peoplewhoareunreasonableordemanding—inwork,family,orfriendship—getonournervesdaily.Dealingwithdifficultpeoplerequiresthoughtfulandconsistentapproaches.37Hypercriticalcolleaguesmayfindfaultwithyourreport.It’snaturaltogetcrosswhentheydoso,buttrytokeepyoureyeontheball.Yourbrothercommentsrepeatedlythatyouorganizefamilyeventspoorly.Insteadofengaginginatenseback-and-forth,ignoreitandfocusonissuesthatmattermore.Afriendcomplainsallthetimeaboutyourbeinglate.Trynottoconflictwithhimheadon.38Besides,empathyandhumourcanbepowerfultoolstominimizethefriction.Youdon’thavetoaccepttheirbehaviour,butacknowledgingtheirfeelingscanlowertheirdefensivenessandmaketheconversationmoreconstructive.Humour,whengentleandrespectful,canlightenthemoodandremovetension.However,don’tletthejokegotoofar.39Avoidsarcasm(讥讽)whichmaymakethingsworse.40Beclearaboutwhatyouwillandwillnottolerate.Ifsomeonecrossestheline,it’sokaytostepback.Youdon’thavetoengageinargumentsorexplainyourselfendlessly.Instead,youcanendtheconversationonafriendlybutfirmnote.A．Thefirstruleistobrushitoff.B．It’salsoimportanttosetboundaries.C．Aboveall,fightbackifyougetcross.D．Instead,letitgosoasnottosourtheouting.E．There’safinelinebetweenhumorandoffense.F．Yourteacherremindsyoumildlyofthepaperdeadline.G．Yourmotherisbreathingdownyourneckaboutyourschedule.【答案】36．G37．A38．D39．E40．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍冷静应对难相处之人的实用有效方法与技巧。36．上文“Youhavespenthoursonaproject,onlytohaveacoworkerorsuperiorcriticizeitforcountless,non-existentflaws(瑕疵).(你花了好几个小时做一个项目，结果却被同事或上级批评了无数个根本不存在的缺陷。)”说明母亲会因为你的日程安排而唠叨你。空处和前文为并列关系，并列同类生活烦恼。所以G项“你妈妈一直在唠叨你的日程安排。”符合语境。故选G。37．上文“Dealingwithdifficultpeoplerequiresthoughtfulandconsistentapproaches.(和难相处的人打交道需要深思熟虑和始终如一的方法。)”说明和难相处的人打交道需要深思熟虑和始终如一的方法。下文“Hypercriticalcolleaguesmayfindfaultwithyourreport.It’snaturaltogetcrosswhentheydoso,buttrytokeepyoureyeontheball.(吹毛求疵的同事可能会对你的报告挑刺。当他们这样做的时候，你生气是很自然的，但要把注意力集中在重要的事情上。)”说明面对吹毛求疵的同事，要把注意力集中在重要的事情上。空处承上启下，说明面对难相处的人如何做。所以A项“第一条规则是忽略它。”符合语境，it指代前文中提到的“和难相处的人打交道”这件事。故选A。38．上文“Afriendcomplainsallthetimeaboutyourbeinglate.Trynottoconflictwithhimheadon.(一个朋友总是抱怨你迟到。尽量不要和他正面冲突。)”说明尽量不要和朋友