2026届高考考前最后一卷：英语真题重组（全国二卷02）（解析版）

1/242026年高考真题重组（全国二卷02）英语·全解全析（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束前，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1．Whatdidthewomandoyesterdayevening?A．ShewatchedTV. B．Shewentshopping. C．Sheattendedashow.【答案】B【原文】M:DidyouwatchthetalentshowonTVlastnight?W:No,Imissedit.Iwentwithmymomtobuysomeclothes.2．Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A．Takingarest. B．Goingforacoffee. C．Havingasnack.【答案】A【原文】W:Ilovethispark.It’ssobeautiful.M:Itsurelyis.Areyoutired?Shallwestopbythelakeforafewminutes?W:Goodidea.Let’sgotothatcafeforalittlerefreshment.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Aweekendplan. B．Aweddinginvitation. C．Abusinessdeal.【答案】A【原文】W:Tom,shallweinvitetheSmithsaroundfordinnerthisSunday?M:Sure,butIneedtopackforMonday’sbusinesstrip.WhataboutSaturday?W:Okay.4．WhereisBarbaragoingtonight?A．Toagym. B．Tohergrandma’s. C．Tothedoctor’s.【答案】B【原文】M:Barbara,doyouwanttoplaytabletenniswithustonight?W:I’dloveto,butIcan’t.I’mcatchingthelasttraintoDenvertoseemygrandma.Ineedtotakehertovisitadoctortomorrowmorning.5．WhatisAlexdoing?A．He’shavingbreakfast. B．He’sfeedingacat. C．He’sreadingabook.【答案】C【原文】W:Alex,didyoufeedthecatthismorning?Idon’tthinkshecanwait.M:Allright.AfterIfinishthischapter,Ijustcan’tletgoofthisbook.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inafitnesscenter. B．Inasportsshop. C．Inaclinic.7．Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A．Buyhigh-qualitysportswear.B．Keepworkingoutregularly.C．Avoidover-exercising.【答案】6．A7．B【原文】M:Miss,doyouneedanyhelp?W:Iwanttogetfit,butexercisedoesn’tseemtohelp.M:Whatkindofexercisehaveyoudonebefore?W:Ididjoggingnowandthen,butitwassoboring,soIchangedtoweightlifting.Butitwassodemanding,andIwasafraidofgettinginjured,soIwentbikeriding.M:Oh,Isee.Youneedtobeconsistent.Isuggestyoudodifferentkindsofexerciseononedayorondifferentdaysoftheweek.Thiswillhelpholdyourinterest,soyoucankeepcomingback.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A．Toreserveatable. B．Toaskaboutaparty. C．Topostponeameeting.9．WhattimeshouldthemanarriveonFridayevening?A．At5:30. B．At6:30. C．At8:00.10．Whatistheman’sname?A．Brown. B．Anderson. C．Howard.【答案】8．A9．C10．B【原文】W:Hello,Brown’sGrill.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Hi,I’dliketobookatableforFridayevening.W:Okay,howmanypeoplearethereinyourparty?M:Therewillbesix.W:Andwhattimewouldyouliketocome?M:Let’ssayat...6:30.W:I’mafraidwedon’thaveanythingavailablethen.Wecouldseeyouat5:30or8:00.M:Oh,8:00isbetter.W:Fine.MayIhaveyourname?M:Yes,it’sAnderson.W:Thankyou.We’llseeyouonFriday.Bytheway,we’vemovedtoHowardStreet.M:Oh,yeah,Iknow.Thanks.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．WhydoesSarahcometotalktoJacob?A．Tomakeanappointment. B．Toseekhisadvice. C．Toexplainadecision.12．HowmanypeoplearethereinSarah’sgroup?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.13．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates. B．Fellowworkers. C．Teacherandstudent.【答案】11．C12．B13．A【原文】W:Jacob,doyouhaveaminutenow?M:Sure.W:Well,it’snoteasytosay,butIhavetotellyou,you’renotinourgroupfortheclassproject.M:Sarah,whatdoyoumean?Youknow,I’malwaysinagroupwithyou.W:Iknow,it’sjustthatthistime...,thistimewemadethegroupdifferently.Andbecauseyouwerelate,we’vealreadymadethegroup.See,therearefourofusalready.M:so?wecan’tbeagroupoffive?W:Well,ProfessorNorthsaidthereshouldbenomorethanfourpeopleineachgroup.It’snotaboutyouoryourworkoranythinglikethat.M:Okay,butpleasecountmeinnexttime.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14．Howoftendoesthebandcometoperforminthepark?A．Threetimesayear. B．Onceayear. C．Everyotheryear.15．Whatkindofmusicwillbeplayedthisevening?A．Countrymusic. B．Jazz. C．Rockandroll.16．WhatwillJanniedonext?A．Catchabus. B．Listentoalecture. C．Gotothelibrary.【答案】14．B15．A16．C【原文】M:Hey,Jannie,whereareyougoing?W:Tothelibrary.M:ThereisamusicconcertinVictoriaParkat4o’clock.Doyouwanttogo?W:Yes,ProfessorDarwin’slectureiscancelled.I’mfreethisevening.M:Great.Thebandplaysprettygoodmusic.Forthelast3years,Ihavenevermissedit.W:Howlongagodidthebandstartplayinginthepark?M:Ithinkitwas5yearsago.EveryyeartheyarrivethefirstweekofJulyandplayforaweek.You’resuretoenjoythisevening.Therewillbegoodcountrymusic.W:Myfavoriteisrockandroll,butIhavetosaythatcountrymusiccanbequitebeautifulsometimes.M:Ilikeallkindsofmusic,especiallyjazz.Oh,Jannie,wehavetogonow.W:Why?There’splentyoftime.M:Manypeopleareheadingtothepark.Thetrafficwillbeterrible.W:Allright,butIhavetoreturnthesebooksfirst.M:Okay.I’llbewaitingforyouatthebusstation.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whydidthespeakergotothehotel?A．Todeliveraspeech.B．Toarrangeaconference.C．TointerviewMr.Rochester.18．WhatdidMr.Rochesterdosoonafterheboughtthehotel?A．Hetalkedwiththestaffmembers.B．Hehadtheoldcarpetsreplaced.C．Heranasix-monthtrainingproject.19．WhatdidSusandowhenshemetMr.Rochesterthesecondtime?A．Shewasacleaner. B．Shewasasecretary. C．Shewasareceptionist.20．WhatdoesthespeakerthinkiskeytoMr.Rochester’ssuccess?A．Managingtimeefficiently.B．Valuinghumanrelationships.C．Possessingagoodmemory.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．B【原文】W:Goodmorning,everyone.Thislessonisapartofourleadershipseries.LetmestartbysharingastoryofRichardRochester,oneofthemostsuccessfulbusinessmeninBritain.Yearsago,IwasgiventhetaskoforganizingaconferenceinthesouthofEngland.Ichoseafive-starhotelownedbyRochesterasthevenue.Susan,thereceptionist,helpedmearrangeeverythingperfectly.Oncewhenwewerechatting,IaskedSusanifshe’devermetMr.Rochester.Shesaidyes.ShortlyafterMr.Rochesterboughtthehotel,hemadeanappointmenttoseethehotelmanager.Whenhearrived,thefirstpersonhemetwasSusan,whowascleaningthecarpet.HechattedwithSusanfor30minutesbeforekeepinghisappointmentwiththemanager.Hespentalldayatthehoteltalkingwitheachmemberofthestaff,fromthetopguytotheladywhocleanedthetoilets.Sixmonthslater,Mr.Rochesterpaidanothervisit.Susanhadbeenpromotedtoreceptionist,butherecognizedherimmediatelyandaddressedherbyname.Heevenrememberedthatshehadalittlegirlandwhathernamewas.Now,Idon’tbelievethatRichardRochesterhasthatgoodmemory.Hemusthavewrittenalotofnotesafterhisfirstvisitandreadthemoveragainbeforethatsecondvisit.It’stime-consuming,butitshowstheimportanceheplacesonhumanrelationships.Ithinkthat’soneofthesecretsofhissuccess.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2024·全国甲卷）EachARTSFIRSTfestivalisauniqueannualcelebrationoftheHarvardcommunity'sartisticcreativity.WeinviteyoutojoinusforthecomingARTSFIRST.WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-makingactivities.ThefestivalisapubliceventforHarvardandcommunitymembersofallages.LightAwashinWatercolorLearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors1880-1990:IntotheLight.SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativityFromwebstococoons,invertebrates(无脊椎动物)createsomeofnature'smostdelicateandbeautifuldesigns.JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraft(手工艺)materials.WheelThrowingJoininstructorsfromtheCeramicsProgramandgreatpottersfromQuincy,CabotandMatherHousesfordemonstrationsusingthepotter'swheel.Thencreateyourownmasterpiece!KnittingandPom-PomMakingJointheHarvardUndergraduateKnittingCircletomakepom-pomsandtasselsoutofthread,orpickupapairofneedlesandlearntoknit(编织).21．WhatdoweknowaboutARTSFIRST?A．Itisanexhibitionofoilpaintings. B．Itoffersartcoursesforallages.C．Itpresentsrecreationalactivities. D．Itisamajortouristattraction.22．Whichprogramwillyoujoinifyou'reinterestedindrawingpictures?A．LightAwashinWatercolor. B．SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity.C．WheelThrowing. D．KnittingandPom-PomMaking.23．WhatcanyoudotogetherwithJavierMarin?A．Practiceatraditionaldance. B．Makehandcrafts.C．Visitalocalmuseum. D．Feedinvertebrates.【答案】21．C22．A23．B【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTSFIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动，并且邀请热爱的学生或社区成员加入。21．推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart-makingactivities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)”以及下文的四个小标题“LightAwashinWatercolor(水彩中的淡光)”；“SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity(没有骨气的艺术家:无脊椎的创造力)”；“WheelThrowing(投掷轮子)”和“KnittingandPom-PomMaking(编织和制作毛绒球)”可推知，ARTSFIRST是提供娱乐活动的。故选C项。22．细节理解题。根据文章“LightAwashinWatercolor(水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“LearnaboutthematerialsandqualitiesofwatercolorpaintwithexpertsfromtheHarvardArtMuseumsMaterialsLab.TryyourhandatsomeofthepaintingtricksusedbyartistswhoseworkswillbeintheupcomingexhibitionofAmericanWatercolors1880—1990:IntotheLight.(与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880—1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)”可知，如果对画画感兴趣，可以参加LightAwashinWatercolor。故选A项。23．细节理解题。根据文章“SpinelessArtists:InvertebrateCreativity(无脊椎艺术家：无脊椎动物的创造力)”部分中的“JoinJavierMarinfromtheHarvardMuseumofNaturalHistorytolearnhowinsectsandotherNaturalinvertebratesdance,inspirefashionandcreateart,whilemakingyourownspinelessartistsoutofcraftmaterials.(和哈佛历史博物馆的JavierMarin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)”可知，参与者能跟JavierMarin一起进行手工制作。故选B项。B（2025·全国一卷）Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.24．Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?A．Ninthgraders. B．Students’parents.C．Modernwriters. D．Fictionalcharacters.25．Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?A．Theywerenotgivenenoughtime. B．Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.C．Theymisunderstoodthequestion. D．Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?A．Mixed. B．Amazing. C．Similar. D．Disturbing.27．Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A．Teachingislearning. B．Stillwatersrundeep.C．Knowledgeispower. D．Practicemakesperfect.【答案】24．D25．D26．B27．A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.(去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。25．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.(大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。26．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.(学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。27．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.(我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teachingislearning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。C（2025·全国二卷）Doesyoursouldiealittleeverytimeyouthrowawayunusedfood?Minedoes.MaybethatfeelingcomesfromgrowingupinSouthAfrica,wherethephrase“therearechildrenstarvinginAfrica”wasmoreofanuncomfortablereminderoffactthanaprayeratdinnertime.Foodwasteisagrowingconcernintherestaurant,supermarket,andsupplychainindustries.Fromtechnologicalsolutionstoeducationalcampaigns,foodproducersandsellersarelookingforwaystousemoreofwhatwe’realreadygrowing.Butlastmonth,onepopularNewYorkCityrestauranttriedadifferentway:Itchangeditsmenutoexclusively(专门)offerfoodthatwouldotherwisebethrownaway.FortwoweeksinMarch,GreenwichVillage’sBlueHillrestaurantwasrenamedwastED,andserveditemslikefriedskatecartilage,ajuicepulpburger,andadumpsterdiver’svegetablesalad.Eachdishwastailor-madetoraiseawarenessregardingfoodwaste.AstudybytheFoodWasteAlliancedeterminedthattheaveragerestaurantgenerates33poundsoffoodwasteforevery$1,000inrevenue(收入),andofthatwasteonly15.7%isdonatedorrecycled.Upto84.3%issimplythrownout.RestaurantslikeSilointheUKhaveexperimentedwithzero-wastesystems,butwastEDtooktheconcepttoitslogicalconclusion.ItshouldbenotedthatnoneoftheitemsonwastED’smenuwastechnicallymadefromgarbage.Instead,alltheingredients(配料)usedwereexamplesofmeatcutsandproducethatmostrestaurantswouldneverconsiderserving.Thingslikekaleribs,fishcollars,rejectedsweetpotatoes,andcucumberbuttswereallre-appropriatedand,withthehelpofanumberofgoodchefs,turnedintoexcellentcuisine.ThoughwastEDreceivedenthusiasticreviews,itwasdesignedfromthestartasashort-livedexperiment;BlueHillhassincereturnedtoitsregularmenu.Nevertheless,itservesasareminderthattherearemanywaystoaddressproblemsofsustainability,andthatyoucanmakeanamazingmealoutofalmostanything.28．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor’searlylife?A．Hewitnessedfoodshortage. B．Heenjoyedthelocalcuisine.C．HedonatedfoodtoAfricans. D．Hehelpedtocookathome.29．WhydidBlueHillcarryouttheexperiment?A．Tocustomizedishesforguests. B．Tomakethepublicawareoffoodwaste.C．Totestafoodprocessingmethod. D．ToimprovetheUK’szero-wastesystems.30．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Whytheingredientswereused. B．Whichdisheswerebestliked.C．Whatthedishesweremadeof. D．Wheretheingredientswerebought.31．WhatcanwelearnaboutwastED?A．Ithasendedasplanned. B．Itiscreatingnewjobs.C．Ithasregainedpopularity. D．Itiscriticizedbytopchefs.【答案】28．A29．B30．C31．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物浪费问题，并以纽约一家餐厅的短期实验项目“wastED”为例，该餐厅通过创意改造本该被丢弃的食材制作菜品，以此提高人们对可持续饮食的关注。28．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“MaybethatfeelingcomesfromgrowingupinSouthAfricawherethephrase“therearechildrenstarvinginAfrica”wasmoreofanuncomfortablereminderoffactthanaprayeratdinnertime.(这种感觉或许源于在南非的成长经历——在那里，“非洲还有孩子在挨饿”这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒)”可知，作者在南非长大，那里有孩子挨饿是事实，由此可推断作者早年目睹了食物短缺的情况。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Eachdishwastailor-madetoraiseawarenessregardingfoodwaste.(每道菜都是量身定制的，以提高人们对食物浪费的认识)”可知，BlueHill餐厅进行这个实验，将菜单改为只提供原本会被扔掉的食物，是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。故选B。30．主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“ItshouldbenotedthatnoneoftheitemsonwastED’smenuwastechnicallymadefromgarbage.Instead,alltheingredients(配料)usedwereexamplesofmeatcutsandproducethatmostrestaurantswouldneverconsiderserving.Thingslikekaleribs,fishcollars,rejectedsweetpotatoes,andcucumberbuttswereallre-appropriatedand,withthehelpofanumberofgoodchefs,turnedintoexcellentcuisine.(值得注意的是，从技术上讲，wastED的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉类部位和农产品。羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等东西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美味的菜肴)”可知，本段主要介绍了wastED菜单上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。故选C。31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“ThoughwastEDreceivedenthusiasticreviews,itwasdesignedfromthestartasashort-livedexperiment;BlueHillhassincereturnedtoitsregularmenu.(尽管wastED餐厅收获了热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计为短期实验项目；此后，BlueHill餐厅已回归常规菜单)”可知，wastED从一开始就被设计为短期实验，现在餐厅已恢复常规菜单，从而推断，实验项目“wastED”已经按计划结束了。故选A。D（2025·全国二卷）（新情境）WhenSonjaDetrinidadopenedheronlineshopsellinghouseplants,shedidn’thavehighhopesforit.Buttheoppositehappened:Shewasflooded,shippingout1,200ordersinJuneof2020alone.Inthepastyear,Detrinidadsentoutmorethan70,000plants.Hersuccessisjustoneexampleofincreasedtimeathomeleadingtoanexplosioninthehouseplantindustry.“Plantsareinfashionrightnow,”saysDr.MelindaKnuth,aresearcherfromtheUniversityofFlorida.“Peoplewholiveinplant-richenvironmentsreportahigherlifesatisfactionrating,”shesays.“Addingmorenaturetoourenvironmentcanchangeourmoodandhowwethink.”Plantscanimproveourstateofmindinafewwaysbutthebiggestisbydecreasingourlevelofcortisol,thestresshormone(激素)inourbody.“Studentswhoarearoundplantsperformbetteracademicallythanstudentswhoareinaclassroomwithoutplants,”saysKnuth.“Thisproductivityalsotranslatesintotheworkplaceforadults.Ourstudyshowedthattherewasa30%decreaseinsickleaveforpeoplewhowereinplant-richworkplaces.”Ifyou’reamongthegroupsofpeoplewhoareenjoyingthementalandphysicalhealthbenefitsofsurroundingyourselfwithplants,don’tbeatyourselfupifone(orafew!)doesn’tmakeit.“Doctorspracticemedicineandlawyerspracticelawandyoushouldallowyourselfthepracticeittakestosustainaplant.Tendingtoplantsisanexerciseinpatienceandlearning.Beinvestedintakingcareofit,butifitdies,gogetanotherone,”Detrinidadsays.32．HowwasDetrinidad’sbusinesswhenitstarted?A．Itfacedtoughcompetition. B．Itsufferedagreatloss.C．Itgotlotsoffinancialsupport. D．Itwentsurprisinglywell.33．WhatisoneofKnuth’sfindingsaboutplants?A．Theyappealmoretostudents. B．Theypurifytheenvironment.C．Theyraisethecortisollevel. D．Theyenhanceproductivity.34．WhatdoesDetrinidadtrytoexplainbymentioningdoctorsandlawyers?A．Thenecessityofsocialskills. B．Themeaningofsustainability.C．Theimportanceofrepeatedefforts. D．Thevalueofprofessionalopinions.35．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TimetoReplaceHouseplants B．PlantsBoostYourMoodC．TipsonChoosingHouseplants D．PlantsBrightenYourHome【答案】32．D33．D34．C35．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过Detrinidad的创业经历和专家研究，说明室内植物对人们心理健康和工作效率的积极影响，以及近年来居家趋势推动了室内植物产业的发展。32．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“WhenSonjaDetrinidadopenedheronlineshopsellinghouseplants,shedidn’thavehighhopesforit.Buttheoppositehappened:Shewasflooded,shippingout1,200ordersinJuneof2020alone.(当SonjaDetrinidad开设她的网店售卖室内植物时，她并没有抱太大的期望。但结果却恰恰相反：订单如潮水般涌来，仅在2020年6月就寄出了1200份订单)”可知，SonjaDetrinidad刚开始开网店卖室内植物时，并没有抱太大希望，但实际情况是订单很多，生意出奇地好。故选D。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Studentswhoarearoundplantsperformbetteracademicallythanstudentswhoareinaclassroomwithoutplants,”saysKnuth.“Thisproductivityalsotranslatesintotheworkplaceforadults.Ourstudyshowedthattherewasa30%decreaseinsickleaveforpeoplewhowereinplant-richworkplaces.”(Knuth表示：“身处植物周围的学生，其学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更出色。这种效率提升同样适用于成年人的工作场合。我们的研究显示，在植物丰富的工作环境中，人们的病假率降低了30%。”)”可知，Knuth的研究发现，接触植物的学生学业表现更好，成年人在植物丰富的工作环境中生产率提高，病假率降低，因此，“植物能提升生产率”是她的发现之一。故选D。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Doctorspracticemedicineandlawyerspracticelawandyoushouldallowyourselfthepracticeittakestosustainaplant.Tendingtoplantsisanexerciseinpatienceandlearning.Beinvestedintakingcareofit,butifitdies,gogetanotherone,”Detrinidadsays.(Detrinidad说：“医生需要不断实践医术，律师需要持续精进法律实务，而养护植物同样需要给自己练习的机会。照料植物是一种培养耐心和学习的过程。要用心呵护它，但如果它枯萎了，就再养一株新的。”)”可知，Detrinidad通过类比医生和律师需要不断实践来强调“照顾植物需要反复尝试”。她认为养植物失败是正常的，重要的是持续努力。由此推断，她提到医生和律师是为了解释“重复努力的重要性”。故选C。35．主旨大意题。文章第一段以Detrinidad的成功为例引出室内植物行业的兴起，第二段至第三段通过Knuth的研究说明植物能通过降低皮质醇水平改善心情、提升生产率，第四段鼓励人们尝试养植物。全文核心围绕“植物对情绪和健康的积极影响”展开。选项B“PlantsBoostYourMood(植物改善你的情绪)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）（2024·全国甲卷）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatismoderation(适度)?Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.36Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.37Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,especiallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.38Controlemotional(情绪的)eating.39Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwaystomanageemotions,youcanregaincontroloverthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.40Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陈代谢),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14-16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F．Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G．Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.【答案】36．F37．C38．E39．B40．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了，在饮食上注意节制及其如何节制的方法。36．上文“Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.(基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“Butitdoesn’tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.(但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在吃的少。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。37．根据上文“Takeyourtime.It’simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.(慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一顿饭。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。38．上文“It’smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.(如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。39．根据本段首句“Controlemotional(情绪的)eating.(控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。40．设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陈代谢),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday,Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14—16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.(健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量