河南省2026届高三下学期5月联考 英语试卷（含答案及解析）

HN202605高三英语准考证 姓 名 注意事项：答题前，务必将自己的个人信息填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。英语第英语第1页 共13页高三英语第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共51.57.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?Onaplane. B.Onatrain. C.Onabus.Whatisthemandoing?Choosingahat. B.Doingsomeexercise.C.Takingaphoto.WhatdoesMariesuggestBillydowiththefridge?Turnitoff. B.Moveitback. C.Haveitchecked.Whatistheman'splanonSaturday?Torelaxbyalake. B.Totakeabiketrip. C.Tovisitkidsinhospital.Whatmakestheman'sphonebillvary?Thetaxesandextrafees.Hisfamily'sInternetuse.Thecallsandtexts.第二节(共151.522.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。英语第英语第2页 共13页听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。WhichcoursewillAlicetake?Awritingcourse. B.Afitnesscourse. C.Aprogrammingcourse.WhenwillAliceattendherfirstclass?In mid-September. B.InlateSeptember. C.InearlySeptember.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Friends. B.Teacherandstudent.C.Brotherandsister.WhatdoesNaomidislikeaboutAItechnology?Itsenergyconsumption.Itsincorrectanswers.Itscomplicatedrules.WhatisNaomiprobablygoingtodothisevening?Eatout. B.Goskating. C.Pickupafriend.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。WhowrotetoJonas?Thewomanspeaker.Hiscollegenewspaper.Judie'sPRcompany.WhatdoweknowaboutJudie'smother?Sheusedtobeanengineer.SheinspiredJudietostudyart.Sheworkedasaschoolteacher.Whathappenedin2005?Judiequitschool.Jonasmadeafortune.Judie'sfamilyleftNewYork.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。Howdidthemanknowabouttheactivity?Fromafriend. B.Fromanorganizer. C.Fromanewspaper.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheactivity?Itwillrewardthetopthreeteams.Ithasatimelimitofthreehours.Thegreatestchallengeisclimbing.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?.Gorockclimbing. B.Formtheirteam. C.Buyoutdoorequipment.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。Whatmakesthetheaterattractivenowadays?Theperformers. B.Themusicals. C.Thearchitecture.WhatmaythevisitorsgetfromMarketPlace?Drinks. B.Handcrafts. C.Food.WhenwillthevisitorsgototheRegionalFoodCenter?Atabout9:40. B.Atabout10:45. C.Atabout11:30.WhywillthevisitorsgototheRegionalFoodCenter?Tohavelunch. B.Totakepictures. C.Tomakecheeses.第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题每小题2.5分满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHaveyoueverwonderedhowfarmswork?Intoday'sfarming,age-oldpracticesharmonizewithcutting-edgetechnology.Joinusasweexplorethebackboneofourmeals,andyoumightbesurprisedatwhatgoesintothatpieceofbreadonyourdinnertable.TheimportanceofagricultureAgriculturedoesmorethanjustfeedtheworld;itshapeseconomies,societies,andenvironments.It'saprimarysourceoflivelihoodforbillionsgloballyandplaysacrucialroleinsustainabledevelopmentgoals.TypesoffarmsandtheiroperationsCropfarms:Focusongrowingfruits,vegetables,grains,andnuts.Livestockranches:Dedicatedtoraisinganimalssuchascows,pigsandsheepformeat.Mixedfarms:Combineelementsfrombothcropproductionandlivestockraising.Sustainable farms: Conduct eco-friendly practices to reduce environmentalimpact.Aquaculturefarms:Culturefishandshellfishincontrolledenvironmentslikeponds,tanks,oroceanenclosures.Crop selection and rotation(轮作) strategiesSelectingwhatcropstoplantandwhenrequiresconsiderationoflocalclimateconditions,soilhealth,marketdemandandinsectmanagementstrategies.Cropdiversity:Farmersoftengrowamixofcropstospreadrisk.Croprotation:Alternatethecropsgrowninaparticularfieldovertime.Marketdemandandprofitability:Farmersconsidermarketdemand,pricetrends,andinputcostswhenselectingcropstogrow.Theymayprioritizecropswithhighdemandandprofitabilitypotential.Adaptationtoclimateandsoilconditions:Farmerschoosecropssuitedtolocalclimateandsoilconditionstomaximizeyieldsandminimizeinputslikewaterandchemicals.ThejoyoflearningbydoingFromunderstandingcroprotationstrategiestogettingahands-onexperiencewithsoilconservationmethods,volunteersgaininvaluableinsightsintofarmingpractices.Thisexperienceisn'tjusteducational;it'stransformative-equippingindividualswithknowledgetheycanapplylongaftertheirvisitends.CheckoutwhatWorldpackershastoofferandgetstarted!Whichtypeoffarmfocusesonraisingwateranimals?Livestockranches. B.Mixedfarms.C.Aquaculturefarms. D.Sustainablefarms.Whatcanwelearnaboutcropstrategies?High-yieldcropsarealwaysthefirstchoice.Disaster-resistantcropsguaranteehighprofits.Cropdiversityisusedtolowerproductionrisks.Croprotationaimstoincreasetheadaptabilityofcrops.英语 第4页 共13页英语第英语第5页 共13页Whoisthetextintendedfor?Experienced farmers.StaffmembersofWorldpackers.Professional agricultural researchers.Farmingandeco-projectenthusiasts.BThegong(锣)struckforthe10thtime,signalingthat10,000mealshadmade.TheLagunaCreekHigh'scafeteriaeruptedinapplause,andVevianNguyenknewherglovesandhairnetwerestayingon."Everytimewehitthegong,itfeltlikealittlepatontheback,"Veviansaid."Itonlyfueledustokeepgoing."Withinanhour,studentsatLagunaCreekHighpacked10,000mealstobedonatedduringtheholidays.ButVeviansaidshewasn'ttheretosimplycheckoffherservicehourrequirements.Themeal-packingnightwaspartofaninternationalinitiativecalledRiseAgainstHunger,whichisrunbyacollectionofstudentgroups.ThiswasLagunaCreekHigh'ssecondRiseAgainstHungerattempt.Duringtheholidays,their20,000mealswillreachfamiliesinVietnamaffectedbymajordisastersthisyear.Atweeklyclubmeetings,studentscreatedposters,spreadthewordonsocialmediaandpromotedtheirgoalofpacking20,000mealstoeveryoneoncampus.Itwasastudent-ledcollaborationandanambitiousobjectivethatattractedhundredsofstudentstosignup,showup,andlockin.ForCynthia,ateacher,thenightofmeal-packingalsoshowcasedarareschoolconnectionamongstudents."Watchingallofthesestudentslaughandbuildtheirowncharacterbyreachingouttohelpothersisrewarding,"shesaid."They'reallengagedandthatliftsthecommunity."Veviangrewupinalow-incomefamily.Afterwatchingfamilymembersstrugglefinanciallyinrecentmonths,shesaidshefeltastrongurgetohelp.LagunaCreekHigh'snewholidayritual(仪式)hasfurtherenhancedheryear-roundcommitmenttocommunityservice."Youhavetostepup,useyourvoiceandholdyourselfaccountable,"Veviansaid."Evenifyoujustmakeasmallimpacteverytime,itcanslowlybuildthestrengthfortheresttostandbehindyou."HowmightVevianfeelwhenhearingthegongringing?Relieved. B.Annoyed. C.Motivated. D.Confused.第第6页 共13页英语Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?Thehighdemandfordonatedmeals.Thebackgroundofthevolunteeractivity.Thewaysstudentscarriedoutthemeal-packingevent.Thepositivechangestheactivitybroughttotheschool.HowdidVevian'sschoolmatesrespondtoRiseAgainstHunger?Theyhesitatedtotakepart.Theyshowedgreatenthusiasm.Theyemphasizeditsacademicbenefits.Theyproposedimprovementapproaches.WhatdoVevian'swordsinthelastparagraphshow?Smallactionsmakeabigdifference.Oneshouldspeakforthepoor.Teamworkiskeytocommunityservice.Everyonehastheresponsibilitytodonate.CAIseemstobeeverywherewithineducation-aglobalsurveyfound86%studentsuseAIintheirstudies,withnearlyoneinfourusingitdaily.ThiscanbebeneficialifAIisusedresponsibly,inaccordancewithschoolpolicy.There'snodoubtthatlargelanguagemodelscanbeexpertinbreakingdowndifficultconceptssimplyandclearly.ANaturearticlefoundthatAItutoring(辅导)outperformsin-classactivelearning,withcollegestudentsalsofeelingmoreengagedwhencontentispresentedbyAI.However,there'sgrowingevidencethatstudentsoughttobecautiouswhenchoosingtouseAI.AstudyfromMITsplitsubjectsintothreegroupsandaskedthemtowriteSATessays:ThegroupthathadaccesstoChatGPThadthelowestbrainconnectivitywhenwriting,struggledtoaccuratelyquotetheirownworkand"consistentlyunderperformedatneural,linguistic,andbehaviorallevels."AnotherstudyfoundwhilestudentswhousedChatGPTtoresearchascientifictopicdidhavealowercognitiveload,theirreasoningwaslessthorough.Thesestudiesstarttopaintapicture:AIhasthepotentialtonegativelyimpactourcriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingskillsevenwhilesavingtime.英语第PAGE英语第7页 共13页Ofcourse,onecanreasonablyarguethatnewtechnologyhasalwaysledtosomeskillsbecomingdated.Theriseofcalculatorsledtoadeclineintheimportanceofourabilitytodomentalarithmetic(算术).ButAIdiffersfromthesetechnologies.Workingtoreasonoutaproblemorresearchatopicnotonlycreatesbettertopicunderstanding,butitbolsterstheproblem-solvingandcriticalthinkingskillsweuseineveryaspectofourdailylife.Thus,theharmofskippingthisprocesswithAIismorethansimplyareducedunderstandingofanacademicconceptoraskillnotlearned.WeshouldcontinuetoresearchtheeffectsofAI.UsingAIforresearch,conceptualunderstandingorevencodingcanhelp,butweshouldtakeamomentbeforeusingAItodetermineifweactuallyneedit.WhatisacharacteristicofAItutoring?Ithasgainedwiderecognitionamongteachers.Itexcelsinlinkingconceptstoreal-lifesituations.Itfocusesonimprovingmentalcalculatingability.Itmakescollegestudentsmoreinvolvedinlearning.Whatdothestudiesinparagraph2findincommon?AIimprovesstudents'writingaccuracygreatly.AIpromotesactiveparticipationinacademicresearch.AIreducesmentalpressurewhilestrengtheningmemory.AIweakensstudents'thinkingandproblem-solvingabilities.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bolsters"inparagraph3probablymean?Restricts. B.Reflects. C.Sharpens. D. Evaluates.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?ToadviseonreasonableuseofAIinstudy.Tostresstheimportanceofcriticalthinking.ToshowthepopularityofAIamongstudents.TointroducethefunctionsofAIineducation.DForcenturies,itwasbelievedthattheproductionofoxygenreliedphotosynthesis(光合作用).PlantsusesunlighttoturnCO₂intooxygen,asweknow.However,thediscoveryofdarkoxygenproducedinenvironmentswithlittleornosunlightchallengesthislong-heldassumption.In2013,ScottishscientistAndrewmadethisdiscoverybyaccidentwhileconductingdeep-seaminingresearch.Hemeasuredraisedlevelsofoxygenashewentdeeper.Hecouldnothelpbutbelievehismeasuringdeviceswereincorrectanddismissedthereadingentirely,asheassumedtheonlywaytoproduceoxygenwasthroughphotosynthesis.Withnolightsource,itseemedimpossiblethatoxygencouldexistonthedeepseabed,oneofthecoldestanddarkestplacesonearth.However,overthelast10years,Andrew'steamhavebeenconductingmarineexperiments.Theyenclosedasectionoftheseabedwithinaspaceandmeasuredtheoxygenlevelsovertime.Theyalsoexpectedareductioninthelevelsofoxygenduetoconsumptionbyorganisms(微生物).However,oxygenlevelsconsistentlyincreased,provingthatoxygenwasbeingproducedinthedarkdepthsoftheocean.Infact,insomeexperiments,oxygenlevelsrosetomorethanthreetimesthebackgroundconcentration.Onepotentialexplanationforincreasedlevelsistheexistenceofpolymetallicnodules(多金属结核),whichuseanelectricchargetosplitwatermoleculesintohydrogenandoxygen.Thiscouldrevolutionizedeep-seaminingprimarilybecausethesepolymetallicnodulescontainmetalswhichareessentialforeverydaylife,especiallyforbatteries.Miningcompaniesviewthemetalsasanew,highlysought-afterresource.However,theproductionofthisdarkoxygenmaybevitalfordeep-seaecosystemsanddisturbingtheprocesscouldbeharmfultospeciesrelyingonit.Hence,itiswisetotakecautionandproperlyweighthecostsandbenefitsofdeep-seamining.Whatdoesthetextsayaboutthetraditionalviewonoxygenproduction?Ithasbeenprovedbyoceanexploration.Ithasbeenchallengedbyanewfinding.Itfocusesonchemicalreactionsindeepseas.ItignoresthefunctionofCO₂innaturalcycles.WhatwasAndrew'sfirstreactiontotheunusualreading?Herefusedtoacceptitasvaliddata.Hedecidedtodiscontinuetheresearch.Heconsidereditabreakthroughinbiology.Hecheckedhisequipmentforaccurateresults.Whatmightcontributetotheformationofdarkoxygen?Thebreathingactivityofdeep-seacreatures.Thechemicalactivityofpolymetallicnodules. Thehighconcentrationofnutritiononseabeds.Therapidconsumptionofoxygenbyorganisms.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?NewFindingsonMarineEcosystemsPolymetallicNodules:AHiddenTreasureTheBalanceBetweenMiningandProtectionDarkOxygen:ASurprisingDeep-SeaDiscovery第二节(共5小题每小题2.5分满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。I'mdancingontopofamountainafter570mofelevation(海拔)gain.Iwanttoscream.36Butit'sbecauseofjoy-overcomingthediscomfortofanillnesstoarriveatthisspot.Asauniversitystudent,Istrugglewithexhaustionandpoorvision.Iwouldavoideventsandbarelyhadanysociallife.Gradually,peoplestoppedaskingifIwasdepressed,becauseeverybodywassureIwas.Aftermorethan10yearsofmedicalconsultations,Iwasfinallyabletosaytopeople,“37Isufferfromadiseasecalledmyasthenia,whichcausesthemusclestobecomeweakandthebodytoexperienceextremetiredness."Thediagnosis(诊断)wasarelief,butitcamewithaprice: 38 Istartedtotravelalonewaybeforemydiagnosis.I'vealwaysfelttheneedtoexplore.Ihonestlydon'tknowwheremydesiretotravelcamefrom.It'salwaysbeenthere.Buthowcouldthispossiblyfitwithmycondition?Mymindwasspinningatthemerethoughtofnotbeingabletotravelanddiscovertheworld.Thefirstfourmonthsafterthediagnosiswereanightmare.Iwentonastrictdietandtookpills.Everyonearoundmewasconstantlycheckinginonme. 39 Iwantedtofeeltired-toputmybodyunderstressandseewhatwouldhappen.Iwantedtobescaredbytheunknownbecausethisisthebeautyoflife.SoIdiditinmyownway,followingmybody'sneedsandcarefullychoosingtobreaksomerules.英语 9页 共13页That's how travel has helped strengthen me. I didn't want to let a definemyidentityandcontrolme.Iwantedtoprovethatapositiveattitudecanbeapasstoabetterlife.40Iamnotdepressed.AndI'vemadeitnow.Mycheeksarewetwithtears.Thetrustfromthembroughtarayofhope.DoctorsconfirmedIwassufferingfromdepression.Intensephysicalexercisemaytakeawaymyabilitytomovefreely.ButIdecidedIwouldneverallowthediseasetoinfluencetherhythmofmylife.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iamacollegestudentwhoenjoysjoggingtorelaxafterdailystudies.Theday,I41thehomelessmanwhoIhadfrequentlymetonmydailyruns.Heusuallysitsbyaquiettreewithbarelyanypossessions-justasmallcardboardsignthatgivespassers-byasmallcluetohisstory,ifthey42toreadit.Ichoseto43thistimeandtolistentohislong-term44onthestreet.Ihadalwaysrushedbyhimsilentlybefore,butthistime,Imethiseyeand45thewaterIhadjustboughtformyself.Helookedatmewithdeep46ashetookit,whichmademe47myownfortunateandcomfortablelife.Istillhadplentyofsparetimebeforeheadingbacktothe48,soImadeupmymindtobuyhimsomeheartyfood.He49refused,sayingheshouldnottaketoomuchkindnessfroma50.AndhethankedmeoverandoveragainwithsincerewarmthbeforeIturnedaroundto51.Touchedbyhismodesty,I52andsoonreturnedwithafullbagoffoodandahotdrink.Histiredface53atonce.Thisbrief54deeplystruckme.Tinyactsofkindnesscaneasilywarmlonelyhearts.Itremindsmetodowninlife,caremoreaboutpeopleinneed,andtruly55theordinaryhappinessIoftenpaynoattentionto.英语 第10页 共13页41.A.correctedB.approachedC.assessedD.missed42.A.deserveB.pretendC.hesitateD.bother43.A.stopB.ignoreC.continueD.lie 44.A.searchB.confusionC.commitmentD.struggle45.A.packedB.mentionedC.offeredD.returned46.A.gratitudeB.courageC.sorrowD.understanding47.A.prepareforB.refertoC.worryaboutD.reflecton48.A.officeB.factoryC.campusD.farm49.A.proudlyB.politelyC.regretfullyD.suddenly50.A.strangerB.visitorC.customerD.neighbor51.A.interruptB.waitC.departD.help52.A.wavedB.insistedC.apologizedD.relaxed53.A.brightenedB.collapsedC.cloudedD.hardened54.A.experimentB.missionC.encounterD.celebration55.A.promoteB.confirmC.estimateD.appreciate第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。HainanFreeTradePort'sduty-freesalesrosequicklyinthefirsttwomonths,drivenbyatourismseasonandrecentpolicies.Accordingtothelocaltourismauthority, total tourist arrivals in Hainan reached 106 million in 2025, 9.1percentincrease56ayearlybasis,withspendingupby10.5percentto225.43billionyuan.Moreover,severaladjustmentstotheoffshoreduty-freepolicy57tookeffectonNovember1havebeenwidelyseenascritical.Apartfroman58(expand)ofduty-freeproductcategories-from45to47-an59(adjust)offshoreduty-freepolicyhasfacilitatedshoppingforlocals,asthenewmeasuresbringgreaterconveniencetotheresidentsby60(dramatic)relaxingpurchaserestrictionsonavarietyof"instantpurchaseandinstantpickup"duty-freegoods.Duty-freeretailers(零售商)areseizingtheopportunitypresentedbytherisingconsumptiontrend61(gain)greaterprofits.HaikouInternationalDuty-FreeCity62(launch)17newoutletssincethestartoftheyear."Thingslike英语 第11页 共13页英语第英语第12页 共13页musicalinstrumentscannowbepurchased,andthepricesarevery63(compete),"saidLiHuan,atouristfromBeijing.64growingappealextendstointernationalvisitors.AliceIvanov,atouristfromRussia,praisedthewideselectionofinternationalbrandsatChinaDutyGroup'sSanyaInternationalDuty-FreeCity.Themomentum(势头)isexpectedtocontinuewitheventslikethesixthCDFWatchCarnival,runningfromMarch14toApril26.65(feature)over70globalbrandsandexclusiveproductlaunches,theeventispartofastrategytousefirst-storeandexclusive-productofferingstoattracthigh-endconsumers.第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,你校交换生Polly想要参加主题为BeautyinMyEyes的短视频比赛，向你寻求帮助，