八年级英语下册Unit 5 单元自测·徐州专用（解析版）

-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测Unit5·培优卷学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________（时间：90分钟，满分：100分）一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1．TheguestspraisedTomandhisyoungersisterbecausethey________wellatmealtime.A．willbehave B．behaved C．havebehaved D．werebehaving【答案】B【详解】句意：客人们表扬了汤姆和他的妹妹，因为他们在用餐时表现得很好。考查动词时态。willbehave将表现，一般将来时；behaved表现，过去式；havebehaved已经表现，现在完成时；werebehaving正在表现，过去进行时。根据主句“praised”使用了一般过去时，且“atmealtime”表示过去的具体时间，从句动作也发生在过去，需用一般过去时。故选B。2．Ourteachersalwaystreatus_______thoughweoftenmakemistakeswhenlearning.A．bravely B．patiently C．quickly D．friendly【答案】B【详解】句意：我们的老师总是耐心地对待我们，尽管我们在学习时经常犯错误。考查副词辨析。bravely勇敢地；patiently耐心地；quickly快速地；friendly友好的。根据“Ourteachersalwaystreatus...thoughweoftenmakemistakeswhenlearning.”可知，学生犯错时，老师应该是耐心地对待学生。故选B。3．Mymumdoesn’tneedtoworryaboutmebecauseI’m________tolookaftermyself.A．tooold B．toobig C．oldenough D．enoughbig【答案】C【详解】句意：我妈妈不需要担心我，因为我足够大了，可以照顾自己。考查enough的用法。tooold太老或太大；toobig太大；oldenough足够大；enoughbig错误表达。根据“I’m...tolookaftermyself”可知，此处表示自己足够大可以照顾自己了，enough修饰形容词或副词时需后置，正确结构为“形容词/副词+enough”，因此“足够大”应为oldenough，而非enoughbig。故选C。4．Samis________abouthisspeechthoughhewonfirstprize.A．honest B．confident C．modest D．nervous【答案】C【详解】句意：尽管Sam赢得了第一名，但他对自己的演讲表现得很谦虚。考查形容词辨析。honest诚实的；confident自信的；modest谦虚的；nervous紧张的。根据“thoughhewonfirstprize”可知，尽管他得了第一名，但态度并不骄傲，而是谦虚的。故选C。5．—MissWang,Ithinkit’s________ofustosaynothingifsomeonehelpsus.—Youareright,Daniel.Weshouldthankhimorherfirst.A．dangerous B．terrible C．helpful D．impolite【答案】D【详解】句意：——王老师，我认为如果有人帮助我们，我们什么都不说是不礼貌的。——你说得对，丹尼尔。我们应该先感谢他或她。考查形容词辨析。dangerous危险的；terrible糟糕的；helpful有帮助的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“it’s...ofustosaynothingifsomeonehelpsus”和常识以及选项可知，此处是指不礼貌的。故选D。6．Shewasbusy________forherexamandtoobusy________withmeatthattime.A．preparing;totalking B．preparing;talkingC．toprepare;talking D．preparing;totalk【答案】D【详解】句意：她当时正忙于准备考试，太忙了，没时间和我说话。考查形容词短语。preparing正在准备，现在分词；totalking动词不定式；talking现在分词；toprepare动词不定式。bebusydoingsth.“忙于做某事”，因此第一空填动名词形式preparing；too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，因此第二空需用不定式形式totalk。故选D。7．TominvitedJennytohisbirthdayparty,butshe________him.A．praised B．refused C．applied D．accepted【答案】B【详解】句意：汤姆邀请珍妮参加他的生日派对，但她拒绝了他。考查动词辨析。praised赞扬；refused拒绝；applied申请；accepted接受。根据but表示转折可知，前后句意相反，前句是邀请，后句应为拒绝。故选B。8．________youareinaforeigncountry,youshouldfollowthelocalmanners.A．Although B．When C．Because D．Until【答案】B【详解】句意：当你在国外时，你应该遵循当地的风俗习惯。考查连词辨析。Although虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；When当……时，引导时间状语从句；Because因为，引导原因状语从句；Until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句。根据“youareinaforeigncountry,youshouldfollowthelocalmanners.”可知，此处是在描述当处于国外这个时间点时应该做的事情，即遵循当地的风俗习惯，所以应该用When来引导时间状语从句。故选B。9．—What’simportantduringmystudytripabroad,Mr.Wang?

—Respectlocalhabits.Asthesayinggoes,“________.”A．PracticemakesperfectB．OldhabitsdiehardC．WheninRome,doastheRomansdoD．Don’tburnthecandleatbothends【答案】C【详解】句意：——王老师，我在国外学习旅行时什么最重要？——尊重当地习惯。俗话说：“入乡随俗”。考查谚语理解。Practicemakesperfect熟能生巧；Oldhabitsdiehard积习难改；WheninRome,doastheRomansdo入乡随俗；Don’tburnthecandleatbothends不要过度劳累。根据上文“Respectlocalhabits”可知，此处应表示“入乡随俗”的含义。故选C。10．Theposterisprobablydesignedto________.A．showmannersatatheatre B．announceameetingC．offeranonlinesingingcompetition D．introducearadioprogramme【答案】A【详解】句意：这张海报的设计目的很可能是展示剧院礼仪。考查常识。showmannersatatheatre展示剧院礼仪；announceameeting宣布一场会议；offeranonlinesingingcompetition提供一场线上歌唱比赛；introducearadioprogramme介绍一档广播节目。根据海报中的“Stayinyourseat!”、“Watchandlisten!”、“Notalkingoreating!”、“Nomobilephones!”、“Respectactorsandactresses!”可知，都是剧院观看演出时的礼仪规范。故选A。二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)TheBearfamilylivedinabigtreehouse.BrotherBearandSisterBearhadabig11withmanners.Theyoften12tosay“please”and“thankyou”,andsometimestheypushedeachotherorcalledeachotherlike“SillyHead”.Atthedinnertable,thingsgoteven13.Theyfoughtforfood.MamaBeartriedmanywaystocorrecttheiractions,but14seemedtowork.Thenshethought,“Thebestwayto15badhabitsisbybuildinggoodones.”Soshecameupwithagreatidea.Shecreatedamannersadventuregame.“Ourtreehouseisamagicalkingdom.Here,you’llgetagoldenkeyforevery16wordoraction.Collectenoughkeys,andyou’llgetaspecialsurprise,”MamaBearexplained.Atfirst,BrotherBearandSisterBearplayedjustforthegoldenkeys.Butastheywentonplaying,somethingchanged.WhenBrotherBearhelpedSisterBearpickuphertoysandsaid,“Hereyouare.”hefelt17inside.AndwhenSisterBearsaid“thankyou”withabig18,BrotherBearcouldn’thelpsmilingback.Slowly,goodmannersbecamea19oftheireverydaylife.Theyfoundthatpolitenessnotonlyhelpedthemgetalongbetterbutalsofilledtheirhomewithhappiness.Andthespecial20?Itwasawonderfulfamilypicnicfulloflaughter,andlotsof

“please”and“thankyou”.11．A．plan B．feeling C．problem D．fight12．A．started B．stopped C．remembered D．forgot13．A．worse B．slower C．easier D．funnier14．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything15．A．break B．learn C．keep D．cause16．A．impolite B．polite C．wrong D．correct17．A．sad B．natural C．lonely D．warm18．A．sign B．smile C．heart D．mouth19．A．symbol B．result C．mix D．part20．A．design B．report C．surprise D．reason【答案】11．C12．D13．A14．B15．A16．B17．D18．B19．D20．C【导语】本文讲述了熊妈妈通过游戏的方式帮助熊哥哥和熊妹妹改掉坏习惯、养成礼貌习惯的故事。11．句意：熊哥哥和熊妹妹在礼貌方面有一个大问题。plan计划；feeling感觉；problem问题；fight打架。根据“Theyoften...tosay‘please’and‘thankyou’,andsometimestheypushedeachotherorcalledeachotherlike‘SillyHead’.”可知，他们在礼貌方面存在“问题”。故选C。12．句意：他们经常忘记说“请”和“谢谢”，有时还会互相推搡，或者叫对方“傻瓜脑袋”之类的。started开始；stopped停止；remembered记得；forgot忘记。根据“theypushedeachotherorcalledeachotherlike‘SillyHead’”可知，他们不礼貌，所以是“忘记”说礼貌用语。故选D。13．句意：在餐桌上，情况变得更糟了。worse更糟；slower更慢；easier更容易；funnier更有趣。根据“Theyfoughtforfood.”可知，餐桌上的情况比平时“更糟”。故选A。14．句意：熊妈妈尝试了许多方法来纠正他们的行为，但似乎都没有效果。everything一切；nothing没有什么；something某事；anything任何事。根据“but”和“seemedtowork”可知，尝试的方法似乎“没有”效果。故选B。15．句意：她心想：“改掉坏习惯最好的方法就是培养好习惯。”break打破，改掉；learn学习；keep保持；cause导致。根据“badhabits”和“buildinggoodones”可知，这里是“改掉”坏习惯。故选A。16．句意：“我们的树屋是一个神奇的王国。在这里，你们每说一句礼貌的话或做一个礼貌的动作，就能获得一把金钥匙。收集足够的钥匙，你们就能得到一个特别的惊喜。”熊妈妈解释道。impolite不礼貌的；polite礼貌的；wrong错误的；correct正确的。根据“Collectenoughkeys,andyou’llgetaspecialsurprise”和游戏目的是培养好习惯，可知是为“礼貌的”言行奖励金钥匙。故选B。17．句意：当熊哥哥帮熊妹妹捡起玩具并说“给你”时，他内心感到温暖。sad悲伤的；natural自然的；lonely孤独的；warm温暖的。根据“WhenBrotherBearhelpedSisterBearpickuphertoysandsaid,‘Hereyouare.’”可知，帮助别人后的积极感受是感到“温暖的”。故选D。18．句意：当妹妹带着灿烂的笑容说“谢谢”时，哥哥也忍不住回以微笑。sign标志；smile微笑；heart心；mouth嘴巴。根据“withabig...”“BrotherBearcouldn’thelpsmilingback”可知，妹妹是带着“微笑”说谢谢。故选B。19．句意：渐渐地，礼貌成了他们日常生活的一部分。symbol象征；result结果；mix混合；part部分。根据“Slowly,goodmannersbecame...”和“Theyfoundthatpolitenessnotonlyhelpedthemgetalongbetterbutalsofilledtheirhomewithhappiness.”可知，礼貌行为成了他们日常生活的“一部分”。故选D。20．句意：那个特别的惊喜呢？design设计；report报告；surprise惊喜；reason原因。根据“you’llgetaspecialsurprise”可知，这里指的是那个“惊喜”。故选C。三、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)AManyyearsago,ayoungmancalledJimwantedtostudytheviolinatafamousschoolinFrance.Hepractisedforalongtimeandwenttotheexaminationwithhope.However,hefailedtheexamination.Jimwasupset.Hehadnomoneyleftandhadn’teatenanythingsincethenightbefore.Hewashungryandlefttheschoolwithhisviolin.Outside,hesawabusystreetfilledwithpeople.Hestoppedunderatree,fixedhisclothes,andtookouthisviolinfromtheviolincase.Heleftthecaseopenandbegantoplay.AsJimplayed,beautifulmusicfilledthestreet.Peoplestoppedtolisten,drawninbythelovelysounds.Afterawhile,Jimcouldnolongerstandhishunger.Hepickeduphiscasetocollectmoneyfromthebigcrowd,andmanypeoplebegantoputmoneyinhiscase.However,onemantookmoneyoutandthrewitatJim’sfeet.Insteadofgettingangry,Jimpickedupthemoneyandhandedittotheman.“Sir,youdroppedyourmoney,”hesaidkindly.Theman,surprised,threwitbackdownontheground.“SinceI’vealreadygivenyoumoney,youmusttakeit!”hesaidinanunfriendlyway.Jimthoughtforasecond,bowed,andsaid,“Thankyouforyourhelp,sir.Justnow-yourmoneyfelltotheground,andIpickeditupforyou.Now,mymoneyisontheground-couldyoupleasehelpmepickitup?”Themanwasshocked.ThepeoplearoundbegantocheerforJim’swords.Finally,themanpickedupthemoney,putitintoJim’sviolincase,andleftinshame(羞耻).21．WhatdidJimdoafterhelefttheschool?A．Hesoldhisviolin. B．Hegavehisviolinaway.C．Hetradedhisviolinforfood. D．Heplayedtheviolinonastreet.22．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Theviolin. B．Themoney. C．Thebigcrowd. D．Thebeautifulmusic.23．WhichofthefollowingistheRIGHTorderoftheevents?a.Jimpickedupthemoneyathisfeet.

b.Jimpractisedtheviolinforalongtime.c.Jimsawabusystreetfilledwithpeople.

d.Jimbowedtothemanandthankedhim.A．b-c-a-d B．b-c-d-a C．c-a-d-b D．c-a-b-d24．WhatdoyouthinkofthewayJimtreatedtheman?A．Foolishbutpolite. B．Foolishandimpolite. C．Cleverandmodest. D．Cleverandpolite.25．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．StreetMusicShow B．AMeanMan’sLessonC．ACleverReplyWinsRespect D．MusicBringsPeopleTogether【答案】21．D22．B23．A24．D25．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了吉姆报考法国著名小提琴学校失败后，在街头拉小提琴谋生，并用聪明礼貌的方式回应了无礼男子，最终赢得尊重的故事。21．细节理解题。根据“Hestoppedunderatree,fixedhisclothes,andtookouthisviolinfromtheviolincase.Heleftthecaseopenandbegantoplay.”可知，吉姆离开学校后在街头拉小提琴。故选D。22．词句猜测题。根据“…manypeoplebegantoputmoneyinhiscase.However,onemantookmoneyoutandthrewitatJim’sfeet.”可知，此处的it指代的是前文提到的钱。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据“Hepractisedforalongtime”，“Outside,hesawabusystreetfilledwithpeople.”，“Jimpickedupthemoney”以及“Jimthoughtforasecond,bowed,andsaid”可知，事件的正确顺序为吉姆练习了很长时间小提琴（b），之后看到街上人很多（c），接着捡起脚边的钱（a），最后向男人鞠躬道谢（d）。故选A。24．推理判断题。根据“Insteadofgettingangry,Jimpickedupthemoneyandhandedittotheman.”以及“Sir,youdroppedyourmoney”可知，吉姆没有生气，而是用巧妙的话语让男子羞愧地捡起钱，他对待男子的方式既聪明又有礼貌。故选D。25．最佳标题题。全文围绕吉姆用聪明的回应维护了自己的尊严、赢得他人尊重，最佳标题是“聪明的回应赢得尊重”。故选C。BHaveyoueverwonderedwhyweneedgoodmannersinpublicplaces?Publicplacesarewherepeoplegather,suchasparks,libraries,andsupermarkets.Goodmannerscanmakeourlifeinpublicplacesmorecomfortableandharmonious.

Inlibraries,peoplegotheretoreadorstudy.Soit’simportanttokeepquiet.Weshouldn’ttalkloudlyormakephonecallswithoutearphones.Ifweneedtofindabook,weshouldwalkslowlyandnotrun.Also,weshouldputthebooksbacktotheiroriginalplacesafterreading.Thiscanhelpothersfindthebookseasily.

Inparks,manypeoplegoforawalk,haveapicnic,orplaysports.Weshouldkeeptheparkclean.Don’tdroplittereverywhere.Wecanputtherubbishintothedustbins.Whenhavingapicnic,weshouldn’tleavefoodwasteontheground.Also,weshouldbecarefulnottohurttheplantsandanimalsinthepark.Don’tpickflowersorchasebirds.

Insupermarkets,weshouldwaitinlinewhenpayingforgoods.Don’tjumptheline.Weshouldn’tpushorcrowdothers.Whenchoosinggoods,weshouldbegentleandnotdamagethem.Ifweneedhelp,wecanasktheshopassistantspolitely.

Goodmannersinpublicplacesarenotdifficulttofollow.Theyarejustsmallthingsthatwecandoeveryday.Byfollowingthesemanners,wecanmakepublicplacesbetterforeveryone.26．Whatisthepurposeofpeoplegoingtolibraries?A．Tohaveapicnic. B．Toreadorstudy. C．Toplaysports. D．Tobuygoods.27．Whatshouldn’twedoinlibraries?A．Talkloudly. B．Walkslowly. C．Keepquiet. D．Putbooksback.28．Whatshouldwedotokeepparksclean?A．Droplittereverywhere. B．Leavefoodwasteontheground.C．Putrubbishintodustbins. D．Pickflowers.29．Whatshouldwedowhenpayingforgoodsinsupermarkets?A．Jumptheline. B．Waitinline. C．Pushothers. D．Damagegoods.30．What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Publicplacesareimportant. B．Weshouldfollowgoodmannersinpublicplaces.C．Howtobehaveinlibraries. D．Howtokeepparksclean.【答案】26．B27．A28．C29．B30．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，分别介绍了在图书馆、公园、超市这三类公共场所需要遵守的行为规范，呼吁人们从日常小事做起，践行文明礼仪。26．细节理解题。根据第二段“Inlibraries,peoplegotheretoreadorstudy”可知，人们去图书馆的目的是阅读或学习，故选B。27．细节理解题。根据第二段“Weshouldn’ttalkloudlyormakephonecallswithoutearphones”可知，在图书馆不应该大声交谈，B、C、D三项均为图书馆内的文明行为，故选A。28．细节理解题。根据第三段“Wecanputtherubbishintothedustbins”可知，为保持公园整洁，应将垃圾扔进垃圾桶，A、B、D三项均为破坏公园环境的行为，故选C。29．细节理解题。根据第四段“weshouldwaitinlinewhenpayingforgoods”可知，在超市结账时应该排队等候，A、C、D三项均为不文明行为，故选B。30．主旨大意题。文章开篇点明良好礼仪对公共场所的意义，随后分述不同场所的礼仪规范，结尾呼吁遵守礼仪，A、C、D三项均为文章局部内容，B项最能概括全文主旨，故选B。CPleasehelpprotectworksofartonshowinthemuseumbyfollowingtheruleslistedbelow.Wehopeyoucankeeptheartsafesothatitmaybeenjoyedbymorepeople!Donottouchworksofart.Yourtouch,eventheslightesttouch,candamage(损坏)thesurfaceofapainting.Useonlypencils.Ifanaccidenthappens,apencilmarkiseasiertoberemovedthanapenmark.Wearehappytoprovideapencilifyouwouldliketowriteordrawduringyourmuseumvisit.Noleaningonwallsorcases.Thathelpskeepworksofarthungonthewallsordisplayedincasessafe.Feelfreetositonthebenchesorthefloorasyoutalk,writeordraw.Nofoodordrink.Bothofthemaren’tallowedinthemuseum.Theartinthemuseumwillprovideplentyoffoodforyourthoughtsaswellasyoureyes!PhotographyisallowedonlyafteryoufilloutaphotoreleaseformattheVisitorServicesDesk.OnlyworksofartownedbyDartmouthCollegecanbephotographed.Noflashphotographyisallowedbecausethelightdamagestheart.Thankyouforfollowingtheserulestohelpkeeptheartsafe!31．Whichofthefollowingsignsisn’tmentionedinthepassage?A． B． C． D．32．Youcanhavearest________ifyouaretired.A．byleaningonthewalls B．onthebenchesorthefloor C．bysittinginarestaurant D．byleaningonthecases33．Theunderlinedword“flash”heremeans“________”inChinese.A．带电 B．闪光 C．彩色 D．数码34．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．You’dbettermarksomethingwithapencilifnecessary.B．Youcanonlyeatthefoodlikethebreadinthemuseum.C．Youcan’ttakeanykindsofcamerastothemuseum.D．Youcan’tvisittheworksofartfromDartmouthCollege.35．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．theworksinthemuseum B．thewaystokeepmuseumssafeC．thetimetovisitthemuseum D．therulesinthemuseum【答案】31．C32．B33．B34．A35．D【导语】本文是一篇博物馆规则通知，主要讲述了为保护博物馆展出的艺术品而制定的一系列参观规则，包括禁止触摸展品、仅限使用铅笔、禁止倚靠墙面或展柜、禁止饮食、摄影需遵守规定等内容。31．细节理解题。根据文章第6段“Noflashphotographyisallowedbecausethelightdamagestheart.”对应选项A（禁止使用闪光灯拍照）；第2段“Donottouchworksofart.”对应选项B（禁止触摸）；第5段“Nofoodordrink.”对应选项D（禁止饮食）；文章未提及选项C（禁止吸烟）的相关内容。故选C。32．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Feelfreetositonthebenchesorthefloorasyoutalk,writeordraw.”可知，累了可以坐在长椅或地板上休息。故选B。33．词句猜测题。根据文章第6段“Noflashphotographyisallowedbecausethelightdamagestheart.”可知，“flash”指的是摄影时的“闪光”，这种光线会损坏艺术品。故选B。34．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Useonlypencils.Ifanaccidenthappens,apencilmarkiseasiertoberemovedthanapenmark.”可知，如有需要，最好用铅笔做标记。故选A。35．主旨大意题。根据文章开头“Pleasehelpprotectworksofartonshowinthemuseumbyfollowingtheruleslistedbelow.”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍博物馆的参观规则。故选D。D）信息还原Weoftenhaveargumentsinallrelationships.Butthatisnotalwaysabadthing.Sometimeswecanchoosetobeinawin-winsituation.Whatisimportantishowwemanagetheargument.36Treateachotherwithrespect.Ifyourfriendcallsyounamesormakesfunofyou,tellhimorhertostop.37walkawayandtellhimorheryoudonotwanttotalkanymore.Respecthastobewonandifyouwantpeopletorespectyou,dothesametothem.Listentootherpeoplepatiently.Wheneveryoneistalking,whodoesthelistening?Listentounderstand,nottoreply.38Listeninginsilenceissometimesstrongerthanarguinginvain(徒劳).39Ifgivingintootherscanleadtoaniceresult,thereisnoneedtoarguejusttowinagainstsomeoneelse.Afterall,solvinganargumentdoesn'thavetobeatug-of-war(拔河).Inaword,weeachshoulddoourownparttodealwitharguments.40A．Ifyourfriendcontinues,B．Giveinwhenitisnecessary.C．Thefollowingsuggestionsmighthelpyou.D．Donotbetooquicktojudgewhatyouhear.E．Inthisway,wecanachieveawin-winsituation.F．Staycalmanddon'tloseyourtempereasily.【答案】36．C37．A38．D39．B40．E【导语】本文介绍了处理人际关系中争执的方法，帮助实现双赢的沟通。36．根据后文“Treateachotherwithrespect、Listentootherpeoplepatiently”等建议可知，这里是引出具体方法，选项C“以下建议可能会对你有帮助。”符合题意。故选C。37．根据前文“tellhimorhertostop”和后文“Walkawayandtellhimorheryoudonotwanttotalkanymore”可知，这里是假设朋友继续无礼的情况，选项A“如果你的朋友继续（无礼），”符合语境。故选A。38．根据“Listentounderstand,nottoreply”可知，这里是补充倾听的注意事项，选项D“不要急于评判你听到的内容。”符合题意。故选D。39．根据“Ifgivingintootherscanleadtoaniceresult”可知，这部分对应的是“必要时让步”的建议，选项B“必要时选择让步。”符合题意。故选B。40．根据“Inaword,weeachshoulddoourownparttodealwitharguments”可知，这里是总结这样做能实现双赢，选项E“通过这种方式，我们可以实现双赢的局面。”符合题意。故选E。四、单词拼写。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)A）用方框中所给单词或短语填空。normally,address,politeness,behave,differently41．ChineseandBritishpeoplealsoactinshowingrespect.42．InBritain,peopleoftenuse“please”toshow.43．Andtheyuseitwhenaskingsomeoneforhelp.44．Chinesepeoplehavetheirownideasabouthowtopolitelyindailylife.45．Forexample,theyusuallyuse“nin”toothersinformalsituations.【答案】41．differently42．politeness43．normally44．behave45．address【解析】41．句意：中国人和英国人在表达尊重方面的表现也不同。修饰动词“act”（表现），需用副词形式。所给词汇“different”的副词形式“differently”符合此语法功能。42．句意：在英国，人们经常使用“please”来表示礼貌。位于动词“show”之后作宾语，需用名词形式。所给词汇“polite”是形容词，其名词形式“politeness”意为“礼貌”，符合语义。43．句意：并且他们在请求帮助时通常会使用它。修饰动词“use”，需用副词。所给词汇“normal”是形容词，其副词形式“normally”意为“通常、正常地”，符合此语法功能。44．句意：中国人对于在日常生活中如何表现得有礼貌有自己的想法。“howto”后接动词原形。选项“behave”是动词原形，符合此语法功能。“behavepolitely”是固定搭配，意为“表现得有礼貌”。45．句意：例如，在正式场合他们通常用“您”来称呼他人。不定式符号“to”之后需用动词原形。所给词汇“address”在此处作动词，意为“称呼、对……说话”。B）用所给单词正确形式填空。46．Theboysaidsorrytomebecausehe________(push)mebyaccident.【答案】pushed【详解】句意：那个男孩向我道歉，因为他不小心推了我。根据“Theboysaidsorrytome”可知，男孩道歉这一动作发生在过去，“他不小心推我”这个动作也发生在过去，所以句子时态应用一般过去时，push意为“推”。push的过去式是pushed。故填pushed。47．Ourheadmasterwas________(please)withthemeetingreportintheschoolnewspaper.【答案】pleased【详解】句意：我们的校长对校报上的会议报道感到满意。was是系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，please是动词，意为“使高兴、使满意”，其形容词形式为pleased“感到满意的”，bepleasedwithsth.对某事感到满意。故填pleased。48．People________(normal)gatheratTian’anmenSquaretowatchtheflag—raisingceremonyonNationalDaymorning.【答案】normally【详解】句意：人们通常在国庆节早晨聚集在天安门广场观看升旗仪式。normal是形容词，意为“正常的”。此处需要修饰动词gather，需用其副词形式normally。故填normally。49．Outgoingchildrenprefershowingtheirfeelings_______(open)tocontrollingthemwithinthemselves.【答案】openly【详解】句意：外向的孩子更喜欢公开表达自己的感情，而不是把感情控制在自己内心。open是形容词，意为“开放的；公开的”，其副词形式是openly，意为“公开地；坦率地”。此处需要修饰动词短语“showingtheirfeelings”，修饰动词需要用副词。故填openly。50．Shepromised________(help)mewithmyEnglishhomework.【答案】tohelp【详解】句意：她答应帮我完成英语作业。help“帮助”，动词，且该句考查“promisetodosth.”，意为“承诺/答应做某事”，应用其不定式形式“tohelp”作宾语。故填tohelp。51．Afterhavinga________(discuss),weareinagreement.【答案】discussion【详解】句意：经过讨论，我们达成了一致。discuss“讨论”，冠词a后需要接名词，discuss的名词形式是discussion，haveadiscussion是固定搭配，意为“进行讨论”。故填discussion。52．Theorangejuicewillbemuch__________(taste)ifyouaddsomeiceinit.【答案】tastier【详解】句意：如果加些冰进去，橙汁会更美味。句中“much”用来修饰形容词的比较级，“taste”的形容词形式是“tasty”，其比较级为“tastier”，符合“加冰后更美味”的语境，故填tastier。53．Iwasabout__________(leave)theofficewhenmybosscalledmeforatalk.【答案】toleave【详解】句意：我正要离开办公室，这时老板叫我去谈话。“beabouttodosth.”意为“正要做某事”或“即将做某事”，固定搭配。故填toleave。54．His________(behave)inpublicisnotgood.Heneedstoimprove.【答案】behavior【详解】句意：他在公共场合的行为举止不好。他需要改进。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，“His”是形容词性物主代词，后接名词。“behave”是动词，其名词形式是“behavior”，表示“行为，举止”，在句中作主语。故填behavior。55．Theyoungplayerwastoonervous________(reply)toanyquestionsafterhisfirstbiggame.【答案】toreply【详解】句意：这位年轻选手在他的第一场重大比赛后太紧张了，以至于无法回答任何问题。根据提示可知，本题考查“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”。该结构中，“too”后接形容词或副词，然后接不定式“todo”，表示结果。此处形容词“nervous”后应接不定式“toreply”，构成“toonervoustoreply”，在句中作结果状语，意为“太紧张而无法回答”。故填toreply。五、语法填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)Igrewupwithtwoeldersisters.IfIwasn’tcourteous(谦恭的)tothem,they’dfixme.Mysistersmadethemostofeverychance56(train)mehowtobeacourteousgentleman.Theymademeopendoorsforthemorhelpthemintotheirchairsatdinner.Yearslater,Iwentawaytocollege.ThefirsttimeIwalkedintothelibrary,Inoticedawomanwalking57meandIheldthedooropenforher.However,sheglared(怒视)atme,askingloudly,“DoyouthinkthatbecauseI’mawoman,I’mnotstrongenough58(open)adoorformyself?”Sheslammedthedoor,leavingmesurprisedand59(speech).Myfaceburnt.Idecidedthattherewouldbenomorecourtesy!AsIstoodthere,anotherladycametowardsthedoor.Seeingherarmsoverloadedwithtextbooks,Iinstinctively(本能地)reachedouttoopenthedoorforher.ThemomentI60(realize)whatIhaddone,Ipreparedmyselfforshouts.ButIreceivedawarmsmileandalookofrelief.“Thanks!”shesaidbrightly.“61isnicetoseewestillhaveafewgentlemenaroundhere!”Ofcourse,ifIwerereallyagentleman,Iwouldhaveofferedtohelpwithherbooks.Istillenjoyedthegood62(feel)Igotfromperforminganactofsimplecourtesy.Itwouldbetogoagainstmylifetimeoftraining63Ididthat.Courtesybringspleasantandrefreshinglighttoourliveswhetherwearethegiver,the64(receive)orjustaninterestedobserver(旁观者).Courtesydoesn’tnecessarily(必然地)changeourlives,butitcan65(certain)changethewaywefeelaboutlife.Sometimesit’sjustasimpleniceactiontoothers,butitcanmakeagreatday.【答案】56．totrain57．behind58．toopen59．speechless60．realized61．It62．feeling63．if64．receiver65．certainly【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从小在两位姐姐的教导下学习礼仪，但在大学时因帮助一位女士开门而遭到误解，随后又因帮助另一位女士而获得感谢的经历。通过这些经历，作者体会到礼仪的重要性——它能为生活带来愉悦和清新，无论我们是给予者、接受者还是旁观者。56．句意：我的姐姐们会抓住一切机会来训练我如何成为一个有礼貌的绅士。分析句子成分可知，空处缺动词不定式作目的状语，抓住机会的目的是为了培养或训练。故填totrain。

57．句意：第一次走进图书馆时，我注意到一位女士走在我身后，于是我为她扶住了门。根据“Inoticedawomanwalking…meandIheldthedooropenforher.”可知，空处指“在……后面”，需介词behind。故填behind。58．句意：然而，她却怒视着我，大声质问：“你是不是觉得，因为我是女人，就没有力气自己开门？”。“adj.+enough+todosth.”表示“足够……做某事”，故空处需动词不定式。故填toopen。59．句意：她猛地关上门，让我又惊讶又说不出话。根据“Sheslammedthedoor,leavingmesurprisedand”可知，我惊讶且说不出话，空处需形容词speechless“无语的”,与surprised并列。故填speechless。60．句意：当我意识到自己做了什么时，已经准备好迎接斥责了。