Unit 5 Good manners（单元自测·江苏南通专用）（解析版）

-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自试（江苏南通专用）Unit5·培优卷学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________（时间：120分钟，满分：120分）第I卷(选择题共65分)第Ⅰ卷共45小题，请将答案按要求填涂在答题卡上。一、单项选择(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．Nanjingis_______ancientcitywithahistoryofover2,500years.It’s_______capitalofJiangsuProvince.A．an;the B．a;the C．an;/ D．a;/【答案】A【详解】句意：南京是一座有着2500多年历史的古城。它是江苏省的省会。考查冠词用法。第一空，此处表示“一座古城”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，且“ancient”发音/ˈeɪnʃənt/以元音音素开头，故用“an”；第二空，“capitalofJiangsuProvince”是特指江苏省的省会，应用定冠词“the”。故选A。2．Inmanycountries,peopleare________impatient________waitinlineatthebusstop.A．very;to B．so;that C．enough;to D．too;to【答案】D【详解】句意：在许多国家，人们太没有耐心而不愿在公交车站排队等候。考查too...to...句型。very;to非常；不定式；so;that如此……以至于；enough;to足够……去做某事；too;to太……而不能。根据“...waitinlineatthebusstop”可知，此处应表示“太没有耐心而不愿排队”，符合“too+形容词+todo”结构。故选D。3．Theteachertoldusthatweshouldbemodestandnot________praiseopenlywhenothersspeakhighlyofus.A．accept B．refuse C．receive D．return【答案】A【详解】句意：老师告诉我们要谦虚，当别人高度评价我们时，不要公开接受表扬。考查动词辨析。accept接受，指主观上的接受；refuse拒绝；receive收到，指客观上收到；return归还，回报。根据“weshouldbemodest”可知，当别人赞扬我们时，谦虚的表现是不应表现得理所当然或过于张扬地接受这些赞美。accept强调主观意愿上的接纳，符合语境。故选A。4．Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,morepeopleusee-hongbaotoshowthanks,butit’sstillimportanttolearn________mannersindailycommunication.A．traditional B．modern C．foreign D．special【答案】A【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，更多人用电子红包来表达感谢，但学习日常交流中的传统礼仪仍然很重要。考查形容词辨析。traditional传统的；modern现代的；foreign国外的；special特殊的。根据“butit’sstillimportanttolearn...manners”可知，虽然科技发展带来了新的方式，但“传统”礼仪依然重要，与前半句的“e-hongbao”形成对比。故选A。5．Whenvisitingafriend’shome,youshouldn’t________withoutknockingatthedoorfirst.A．cutin B．goout C．comein D．putin【答案】C【详解】句意：拜访朋友家时，你不应该不敲门就进入。考查动词短语辨析。cutin插嘴；goout出去；comein进来；putin放入。根据“withoutknockingatthedoorfirst”可知，此处指“不敲门就进入”，应选comein。故选C。6．________youareinaforeigncountry,youshouldfollowthelocalmanners.A．Although B．When C．Because D．Until【答案】B【详解】句意：当你在国外时，你应该遵循当地的风俗习惯。考查连词辨析。Although虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；When当……时，引导时间状语从句；Because因为，引导原因状语从句；Until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句。根据“youareinaforeigncountry,youshouldfollowthelocalmanners.”可知，此处是在描述当处于国外这个时间点时应该做的事情，即遵循当地的风俗习惯，所以应该用When来引导时间状语从句。故选B。7．Shewasbusy________forherexamandtoobusy________withmeatthattime.A．preparing;totalking B．preparing;talkingC．toprepare;talking D．preparing;totalk【答案】D【详解】句意：她当时正忙于准备考试，太忙了，没时间和我说话。考查形容词短语。preparing正在准备，现在分词；totalking动词不定式；talking现在分词；toprepare动词不定式。bebusydoingsth.“忙于做某事”，因此第一空填动名词形式preparing；too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，因此第二空需用不定式形式totalk。故选D。8．TheguestspraisedTomandhisyoungersisterbecausethey________wellatmealtime.A．willbehave B．behaved C．havebehaved D．werebehaving【答案】B【详解】句意：客人们表扬了汤姆和他的妹妹，因为他们在用餐时表现得很好。考查动词时态。willbehave将表现，一般将来时；behaved表现，过去式；havebehaved已经表现，现在完成时；werebehaving正在表现，过去进行时。根据主句“praised”使用了一般过去时，且“atmealtime”表示过去的具体时间，从句动作也发生在过去，需用一般过去时。故选B。9．Theposterisprobablydesignedto________.A．showmannersatatheatre B．announceameetingC．offeranonlinesingingcompetition D．introducearadioprogramme【答案】A【详解】句意：这张海报的设计目的很可能是展示剧院礼仪。考查常识。showmannersatatheatre展示剧院礼仪；announceameeting宣布一场会议；offeranonlinesingingcompetition提供一场线上歌唱比赛；introducearadioprogramme介绍一档广播节目。根据海报中的“Stayinyourseat!”、“Watchandlisten!”、“Notalkingoreating!”、“Nomobilephones!”、“Respectactorsandactresses!”可知，都是剧院观看演出时的礼仪规范。故选A。10．—What’simportantduringmystudytripabroad,Mr.Wang?

—Respectlocalhabits.Asthesayinggoes,“________.”A．PracticemakesperfectB．OldhabitsdiehardC．WheninRome,doastheRomansdoD．Don’tburnthecandleatbothends【答案】C【详解】句意：——王老师，我在国外学习旅行时什么最重要？——尊重当地习惯。俗话说：“入乡随俗”。考查谚语理解。Practicemakesperfect熟能生巧；Oldhabitsdiehard积习难改；WheninRome,doastheRomansdo入乡随俗；Don’tburnthecandleatbothends不要过度劳累。根据上文“Respectlocalhabits”可知，此处应表示“入乡随俗”的含义。故选C。二、完形填空(本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Chinaisanationofetiquette(礼仪).Chinesepeopleare11themosthospitable(好客的)peopleintheworld.If12visitaChinesefamily,theywouldbe13atthewarmththattheywouldreceiveasguests.WhenyouvisitaChinesefamily,thehostusuallymakesteaforyouand14yousnackslikebiscuitsorcandy.Someoneinthefamilywillalsochatwithyou,neverlettingyoufeel15.Atthesametime,otherfamilymemberswillbebusy16amealforyou.Chinesepeopletreattheirguests17abigmeal.Theyalwaysgivemorefoodthantheguestscaneat.Attable,theguestsmustbethe18toeat.Perhapsoneofthethingsthatsurprisesa(n)19guestmostisthattheChinesehostlikestopickfoodforguests,whichwon’thappenatWesterntables.TheChinesefamily20tomakeyoufeelathome.Asyoufinisheating,thehostusuallysays,“Itseemsthatyoudidn’teatmuch.Pleasehave21.”Youtellthemyouarefull,22theystillputmorefoodinyourbowl.23warmandhospitable(好客)hasbeenanimportantpartofChinesecultureandtradition.AsConfucius(孔子)said24yearsago:Tomeetfriendsfromafar,how25weare!11．A．between B．among C．during D．on12．A．foreign B．foreigner C．foreigners D．neighbour13．A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising D．surprises14．A．serve B．serving C．serves D．toserve15．A．lonely B．alone C．happy D．pleasant16．A．prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．toprepare17．A．with B．as C．for D．from18．A．first B．second C．last D．beginning19．A．eastern B．southern C．northern D．Western20．A．getintheirwayB．gooutoftheirway C．losetheirway D．gotheirway21．A．more B．less C．many D．much22．A．although B．but C．because D．so23．A．Be B．Been C．Being D．Tobe24．A．thousandsof B．thousand C．athousand D．thousands25．A．happily B．unhappy C．happy D．unhappily【答案】11．B12．C13．A14．C15．A16．B17．A18．A19．D20．B21．A22．A23．C24．A25．C【导语】本文主要介绍了中国人热情好客的具体表现。11．句意：中国人在世界上众多人群中是最热情好客的。between在两者之间；among在……之中（三者或以上）；during在……期间；on在……上面。根据“...peopleintheworld”可知，此处为全世界人群中，三者以上。故选B。12．句意：如果外国人拜访一个中国家庭，他们会对作为客人所受到的热情款待感到惊讶。foreign外国的（形容词）；foreigner外国人（单数）；foreigners外国人（复数）；neighbour邻居。根据谓语动词“visit”可知，设空处应为名词复数形式作主语。故选C。13．句意：如果外国人拜访一个中国家庭，他们会对作为客人所受到的热情款待感到惊讶。surprised感到惊讶的（形容人）；surprise使惊讶（动词）；惊讶（名词）；surprising令人惊讶的（形容物）；surprises使惊讶（第三人称单数形式）。根据空前“be”可知，此处应为形容词，“besurprisedat”表示“对……感到惊讶”。故选A。14．句意：当你拜访一个中国家庭时，主人通常会为你沏茶，并端上饼干或糖果之类的小吃。serve端上（动词原形）；serving端上（现在分词形式）；serves端上（第三人称单数形式）；toserve为了端上（不定式形式）。“and”连接两个并列的谓语动词，前面“makes”是第三人称单数形式，这里“serve”也应用第三人称单数“serves”。故选C。15．句意：家里也会有人和你聊天，绝不会让你感到孤单。lonely孤单的（有情感上的孤独意味）；alone独自的；happy开心的；pleasant令人愉快的。根据“Someoneinthefamilywillalsochatwithyou”可知，家人和客人聊天，是为了不让客人感到孤独。故选A。16．句意：与此同时，其他家庭成员会忙着准备一顿饭给你。prepare准备（动词原形）；preparing准备（现在分词形式）；prepared准备好的（形容词）；toprepare为了准备（不定式形式）。“bebusydoingsth.”是固定结构，意为“忙于做某事”。故选B。17．句意：中国人用一顿丰盛的饭菜款待他们的客人。with用；as作为；for为了；from从……。“treatsb.withsth.”意为“用某物款待某人”，这里表示用一顿大餐款待客人，用“with”。故选A。18．句意：在餐桌上，客人必须是第一个开始用餐的。first第一；second第二；last最后；beginning开始。根据中国的餐桌礼仪，客人通常是先开始吃饭的，“first”表示“首先”，符合语境。故选A。19．句意：也许最让西方客人感到惊讶的事情之一是，中国主人喜欢给客人夹菜，这在西方餐桌上是不会发生的。eastern东方的；southern南方的；northern北方的；Western西方的。根据“whichwon’thappenatWesterntables”可知，这里是说让西方客人惊讶。故选D。20．句意：中国家庭会想尽办法让你有宾至如归的感觉。getintheirway妨碍他们；gooutoftheirway想尽办法；losetheirway迷路；gotheirway走他们的路。根据“makeyoufeelathome”可知，中国家庭会想尽办法让客人就像在家一样。故选B。21．句意：当你吃完时，主人通常会说：“看来你没吃多少。请再吃一些。”。more更多；less更少；many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；much许多（修饰不可数名词）。根据“Itseemsthatyoudidn’teatmuch.”可知，主人会让客人再多吃些，应用比较级。故选A。22．句意：你告诉他们你已经饱了，尽管他们还是会往你的碗里添更多食物。although尽管；but但是；because因为；so所以。根据设空处前后句子意思可知，此处应为“although”引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。故选A。23．句意：热情好客一直是中国文化和传统的重要组成部分，这由来已久。Be是（原形）；Been是（过去分词）；Being是（动名词形式）；Tobe为了是（不定式形式）。根据文意和句法结构可知，此处需要动名词作主语。故选C。24．句意：正如孔子几千年前所说：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！。thousandsof成千上万的；thousand千（原形，前需接具体数字）；athousand一千；thousands千（复数，单独使用错误）。根据本句空前无具体数字且空后为“yearsago”可知，此处表达的是“几千年前”，不是具体时间。故选A。25．句意：正如孔子几千年前所说：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！。happily开心地（副词）；unhappy不开心的（形容词）；happy开心的（形容词）；unhappily不开心地（副词）。根据“Tomeetfriendsfromafar”可知，见到远方来的朋友是开心的；根据“weare”可知，此处应用形容词。故选C。三、阅读理解(本题共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)第一节请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A“CanIhaveaglassofhotwater?”Thisisaverycommonquestioninarestaurant.FormanyChinesepeople,nothingismorecommonthandrinkinghotwatereveryday.Butthishabitislikeamysterytopeoplefromothercountries.FormanyWesterners,theideaofdrinkinghotwaterisverystrange.ButmostChinesepeoplethinktheAmericans’habitofdrinkingicywaterisalsostrangeandevenunhealthy.Chinesedoctorsareaskingmorepeopletotakeonthehabitofdrinkinghotwater,especiallyforwomen.ButinWesterncountries,drinkinghotwaterisn’tcommon.Westernersoftenhavedrinkswithice,notjustonhotdaysbutalmosteveryday.ThereisastoryaboutanEnglishman,whoworkedinBeijingforoverfiveyears.HevisitedacaféwhengoingbacktoEngland.HeaskedforaglassofhotwaterinaBritishaccent.Butthisrequirementmadethewaitresssurprised,“To…to…drink?”sheasked.Atlast,themangotthehotwaterbutfeltcoldstares(凝视)fromeverycornerofthecafé.WesternerswanttoknowwhyChinesedrinkhotwaterasChinesewanttoknowwhyWesternersdrinkcoldwater.Thisculturaldifferenceisnotaneasyproblem,butrelatedto(与……有关联)history,cultureandscience.Manyyoungpeoplenowdrinkbottledwatereveryday.Withtheyoungpeoplegrowingup,willdrinkinghotwaterbecomealesspopularlifehabit?Whoknows?26．WhatdoChinesethinkofdrinkingicywaterfromthepassage?A．Commonandhealthy. B．Strangebuthealthy. C．Commonbutunhealthy. D．Strangeandunhealthy.27．Theunderlinedpartinthefourthparagraphmeansotherpeopleinthecafé____.A．wereangryattheman'srequirement B．followedtheexampleofthemanC．thoughttheman’srequirementwasstrange D．wereinterestedintheman’srequirement28．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HealthyLifeHabits B．DifferentDrinkingHabitsC．HowtoDrinkWater D．DrinkingHotWaterinChina【答案】26．D27．C28．B【导语】本文主要描述的是中国与西方喝水文化习惯的不同。26．细节理解题。根据“ButmostChinesepeoplethinktheAmericans’habitofdrinkingicywaterisalsostrangeandevenunhealthy.”可知，中国人觉得喝冰水很奇怪，甚至不健康。故选D。27．词句猜测题。根据“Butthisrequirementmadethewaitresssurprised,“To…to…drink?”sheasked.Atlast,themangotthehotwaterbutfeltcoldstares(凝视)fromeverycornerofthecafé.”可知，他要一杯热水，结果服务员又吃惊又怀疑地再三确认是不是要来喝的，推测他要热水的要求在咖啡馆里的人看来是一个奇怪的请求，故选C。28．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述中国和西方喝水文化的不同，选项B“不同的饮水习惯”符合文章主题。故选B。BSincemovingtoChinatwomonthsago,thefirstbigdifferenceI’vefoundishowpeoplestarttheconversations.“Theweather’snicetoday,isn’tit?”isacommonquestiontostartaconversationindailylifeintheUK.AswintercomesanditgetscoldinChina,Ihavekeptstartingmyconversationsbytalkingabouttheweatherwithmynewfriendsandstudents.Butitseemedtobeastrangesubjectindailyconversations.InChina,theyaskquestionslike“Haveyoueatenyet?”IthoughtmyfriendwasinvitingmeforlunchwhenIheardthequestionforthefirsttime.LaterIfoundhowimportantfoodisintheircultureandIunderstandwhytheyaskthatquestionoften.Althoughthesetwowaystostartconversationsmaybedifferent,theyhavesomethingincommon.Theyareaboutourdailylifebecauseweneedtowatchtheweatherandeatfoodeveryday.I’mnotsureifI’llbeabletobreakthehabitoftalkingabouttheweather,butIthinkIwillgetusedtotalkingmoreaboutfoodtobreaktheice!29．Whatdidthewriterthinkwhenheheard“Haveyoueatenyet?”forthefirsttime?A．Sayhellotohim. B．Cooklunchforhim. C．Invitehimforlunch. D．Knowhimfavoritefood.30．WhichofthefollowingmayseemtobeastrangesubjectinChina?A．“Theweather’snicetoday,isn’tit?”B．“Haveyoueatenyet?”C．“WhatistheimportantfoodinChina?”D．“Whatdoyouusuallydoinyourdailylife?”31．BothinChinaandtheUK,thewaystostarttheconversationsareabout________.A．familylife B．everydaylife C．eatinghabits D．nationalevents32．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“breaktheice”mean?A．Tocuttheiceintopieces. B．Toaskquestionsaboutweather.C．TolearnthedeliciousfoodinChina. D．Tostartconversationswithfriends.【答案】29．C30．A31．B32．D【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从英国搬到中国后，发现两国开启日常对话的方式存在差异：英国人习惯以天气为话题，而中国人则常用“吃了吗”作为问候语。作者通过亲身经历分析了这两种方式的共同点——均与日常生活相关。29．细节理解题。根据第三段“IthoughtmyfriendwasinvitingmeforlunchwhenIheardthequestionforthefirsttime.”可知，第一次听到“你吃了吗”这个问题时，作者以为朋友是在邀请自己吃午饭。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据第二段“…Ihavekeptstartingmyconversationsbytalkingabouttheweather…Butitseemedtobeastrangesubjectindailyconversations.”可知，在日常对话中，谈论天气似乎是个奇怪的话题。在中国以天气开启对话显得不合常理。故选A。31．细节理解题。根据第四段“Theyareaboutourdailylifebecauseweneedtowatchtheweatherandeatfoodeveryday.”可知，两国对话话题都与日常生活相关，因为人们每天都需要关注天气和饮食。故选B。32．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“Iwillgetusedtotalkingmoreaboutfoodtobreaktheice”及全文语境可知，本文主要介绍了通过某一话题开启对话，故“breaktheice”指通过话题开启对话。故选D。CMostpeoplewhomovetoaforeigncountrymayexperienceaperiodoftimewhentheyfeelveryhomesickandhavealotofworries.Thisfeelingisoftencalled“cultureshock(冲击).Itisimportanttounderstanditandlearnwhattodowithitifyouwanttoadapttoyournewhome’sculturesuccessfully.Generallyspeaking,therearefourstages(阶段)thatyouwillexperienceafteryoumovetoaforeigncountry.Thefirststageisusuallycalledthe“excitement”stage.Whenarrivinginanewenvironment,you’llbeinterestedinthenewculture.Everythingwillseemexcitingandeveryonewillseemfriendly.Butitwon’tbelongbeforeyoumovefromthe“excitement”stagetothesecondstage.Theexcitementyoufeltbeforechangestoworries.Itseemsthateverythingisdifficult.Thelanguageishardtolearn,friendsaredifficulttomake,andevensimplethingslikeshoppinghavebecomeadifficultproblem.Itisatthis“stress”stagethatyoumayfeelworriedandhomesick.Thisisthestagewhichiscalled“cultureshock”.However,cultureshockdoesn’tlastforverylong.Ifyouareoneofthosewhomanagetogetthroughit,you’llmovetothe“recovery”stage.Atthisstage,youstarttounderstandandacceptthewaythingsaredoneandthewaypeoplebehaveinyournewenvironment.Thelaststageisthe“home”stage.Thisisthestagewhenyoustarttofeelathomeinthenewculture.Youstarttolearnfromyournewhomeandtolikesomewaysofthenewculturebetter.Cultureshockiscommon.Everyoneinanewsituationwillgothroughit.Continuetobebrave!Andgettingthroughcultureshockwillbeapieceofcake.33．Amongthefourstages,whichstagecanexplainhow“cultureshock”happen?A．Therecoverystage. B．Thestressstage.C．Theexcitementstage. D．Thehomestage.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adapt”inParagraph1mean?A．getused B．growup C．liveup D．lookforward35．JanewenttostudyinGermanyforthefirsttime.Whatmightshehavegonethrough?(Putthefollowinginthecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage.)①Janecouldn’tunderstandGermanverywellinclass.②Afterhalfayear’shardwork,Janehadnolanguageproblems.③Everythinginthecollegewassofresh.④JaneenjoyedspendinggoodtimewithherGermanfriends.A．①②③④ B．③①②④ C．②④③① D．③①④②36．Whichofthefollowingcanshowthestructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．【答案】33．B34．A35．B36．C【导语】本文主要解释了为什么人们会有“文化冲击”以及如何应对。33．细节理解题。根据“Itisatthis‘stress’stagethatyoumayfeelworriedandhomesick.Thisisthestagewhichiscalled‘cultureshock’”可知“压力”阶段可以解释“文化冲击”是如何发生的，故选B。34．词句猜测题。根据上文“Itisimportanttounderstanditandlearnwhattodowithitifyouwanttoadapttoyournewhome’sculturesuccessfully”可知，如果你想成功地适应新家的文化，了解它并学会如何处理它是很重要的，故划线单词表示“适应”，与getused“习惯”意思相近，故选A。35．细节理解题。根据“Thefirststageisusuallycalledthe‘excitement’stage.Whenarrivinginanewenvironment,you’llbeinterestedinthenewculture”可知，到达一个新的环境时会对新的文化感兴趣，对应③“大学里的一切都是那么新鲜”；根据“Theexcitementyoufeltbeforechangestoworries.Itseemsthateverythingisdifficult”可知，之前的兴奋变成了担心。似乎一切都很困难，对应①“简在课堂上不能很好地理解德语”；根据“Ifyouareoneofthosewhomanagetogetthroughit,you’llmovetothe‘recovery’stage.Atthisstage,youstarttounderstandandacceptthewaythingsaredoneandthewaypeoplebehaveinyournewenvironment”可知，如果你是那些设法渡过难关的人之一，你将进入“恢复”阶段。在这个阶段，你开始理解和接受新环境中做事的方式和人们的行为方式，对应②“经过半年的努力，简没有语言问题了”；根据“Thelaststageisthe‘home’stage...Youstarttolearnfromyournewhomeandtolikesomewaysofthenewculturebetter”可知，最后一个阶段是“家”阶段。这是你开始在新文化中感到自在的阶段。你开始从你的新家学习，并更喜欢新文化的某些方面，对应④“简喜欢和她的德国朋友共度美好时光”，故选B。36．篇章结构题。根据短文内容可知，第一段解释“文化冲击”现象，提出问题；第二至五段介绍“文化冲击”的四个阶段；第六段总结全文。可知C项结构正确，故选C。DInourdailylife,directquestionsareusuallyusedtoaskforinformationwedonotknow.DirectquestionsareeitherYesorNoquestionssuchas“Areyoumarried?”orinformationquestionssuchas“Wheredoyoulive?”It’sOKtoaskyourfriendsorsomeoneyouknowwelldirectquestions.Buttheycanseemabruptandimpoliteattimes,especiallywhenyouareaskingastranger.Forexample,ifyoucomeuptosomeoneandask“Whattimeisit?”or“Canyoumove?”,heorshemayrefusetoansweryou.Itiscertainlycorrecttoaskquestionsinthisway,butit’sverycommontomakethesekindsofquestionsmorepolitebyadding“Excuseme”or“Pardonme”tobeginyourquestions.It’salsopossibletouse“can”inmoreinformal(非正式的)situations.Inthepast,“can”wasnotusedwhenaskingforsomething,butonlytorefertoabilities.IntheUnitedKingdom,CambridgeUniversitypublishesEnglishteachingbookswiththephrase“Canyoulendme,”“CanIhave”,etc.IntheUnitedStates,thisformisstillconsideredtobeincorrect,especiallyforwrittenEnglish,and“MayIhave”ispreferred.Questionswith“can”aremademorepolitebyusing“could”:“Pardonme,couldyouhelpme?”“Would”canalsobeusedtomakequestionsmorepolite.“Wouldyoulendmeyourpencil?”isalsopolite.Anotherwayofmakingdirectquestionsmorepoliteistoadd“please”attheendofthequestions.Wecansay“Couldyouhelpme,please?”“Please”shouldnotappearatthebeginningofthequestions.37．Theunderlinedword“abrupt”inParagraph2means________inChinese.A．疯狂的 B．严肃的 C．温和的 D．唐突的38．Accordingtothepassage,thewriterthinks________.A．weshouldn’taskdirectquestionsindailylifeB．it’sOKtoaskstrangersdirectquestionsC．it’snotenoughtoaskquestionscorrectlyD．wemustknowsomeonewellbeforeaskingquestions39．FromParagraph3,wecanknow________.A．“can”wasonlyusedtodescribeabilitiesbeforeB．peopleinAmericalikeusing“can”betterC．questionswith“can”aremorepoliteinwrittenEnglishD．questionswith“can”arepoliteintheUS40．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Howtobeapoliteperson.B．Howtousesomeexpressionscorrectly.C．Howtomakedirectquestionsmorepolite.D．Howtochangethewayswespeak.【答案】37．D38．C39．A40．C【导语】本文主要讲述了在日常生活中，如何让直接提问变得更有礼貌。37．词句猜测题。根据“Buttheycanseemabruptandimpoliteattimes,impoliteattimes,especiallywhenyouareaskingastranger.”可知，但他们有时会显得突兀和不礼貌，尤其是当你问陌生人时，因此“abrupt”应意为“唐突的”。故选D。38．细节理解题。根据“Itiscertainlycorrecttoaskquestionsinthisway,butit’sverycommontomakethesekindsofquestionsmorepolitebyadding‘Excuseme’or‘Pardonme’tobeginyourquestions.”可知，作者认为询问问题时，正常表达和礼貌需要同时存在，仅仅提出正确的问题是不够的。故选C。39．细节理解题。根据“Inthepast,‘can’wasnotusedwhenaskingforsomething,butonlytorefertoabilities.”可知，“can”在之前不用于要求某事，而只用于指能力。故选A。40．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在日常生活中，如何让直接提问变得更有礼貌。故选C。第二节请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Aroundtheworld,peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatgoodmannersare.Whenyougotorestaurantsindifferentpartsoftheworld,it’simportanttoknowtherightandwrongthingstodo.41Infact,ifarestaurantisnotnoisyandlively,youmaythinkthereissomethingwrongwithit.However,inmanyWesterncountries,restaurantsarequietplaces.42Payingthebillisalsodifferentfromcountrytocountry.43Inwesterncountries,onepersonpaysifheorsheisentertainingclients(宴请宾客).Whenfriendsgattogether,theyusuallysharethecost.Thisis“goingDutch”.Also,whenwesternerspaythebill,theyusuallyleavesomemoneyforthewaiter.Thisiscalled“leavingatip”.44IntheUS,itiscommontoleavetipsof10%,15%,or20%ofthebill.Itisdecidedbyhowgoodtheserviceis.Goodwaiterscanmakealotofmoney!Thewaypeopleeatfoodisdifferentallovertheworld.45ChineseandIndianfood,forexample,arepopularallovertheworld.根据短文内容，选出适当的选项补全短文。A．Leavingatipisthoughttobepolite.B．Theyhavedifferentgreetingculturesfromothers.C．InChina,onepersonusuallypaysforeveryoneatdinner.D．However,youcanfindthesamekindoffoodinmanycountries.E．Forexample,inChinaitisOKtomakesomenoiseinarestaurant.F．Ifatableistooloud,otherpeopletheremightevencomplaintotheowner.【答案】41．E42．F43．C44．A45．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在世界各地，人们对餐厅的良好礼仪有不同的看法。41．根据下文“Infact,ifarestaurantisnotnoisyandlively,youmaythinkthereissomethingwrongwithit.”和“However,inmanyWesterncountries,restaurantsarequietplaces.”可知，此处是指中国的餐馆有点噪音是正常的，选项E“例如，在中国，在餐馆里制造一些噪音是可以的。”符合语境。故选E。42．根据上文“However,inmanyWesterncountries,restaurantsarequietplaces.”可知，在西方国家，餐馆是安静就餐的地方，发出嗓音会让人反感；选项F“如果一张桌子的客人太吵了，其他的人甚至会向老板抱怨。”符合语境。故选F。43．根据下文“Inwesterncountries,onepersonpaysifheorsheisentertainingclients.”可知，此处应介绍中国人吃饭时由谁买单，选项C“在中国，一个人通常为所有人买单。”符合语境。故选C。44．根据上文“Thisiscalled‘leavingatip’.”可知，此处应介绍付小费的情况，选项A“给小费被认为是有礼貌的。”符合语境。故选A。45．根据上文“Thewaypeopleeatfoodisdifferentallovertheworld.”和下文“ChineseandIndianfood,forexample,arepopularallovertheworld.”可知，此处是指在许多国家能找到相同的食物，比如中国食品和印度食品在全世界都很受欢迎；选项D“然而，你可以在许多国家找到同样的食物。”符合语境。故选D。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)第Ⅱ卷共26小题，请将答案按要求写在答题卡上。四、词汇运用(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Agroupofboysandgirlsareinourschoolhall.Look,they46(wear)traditional(传统的)Chineseclothes,waitingfortheirparentstoputahatontheirheadorstickahairpinintheirhair.Theseyoungpeoplearehavingtheircoming-of-ageceremony(成人礼).Thisceremonycomes47anoldChinesetradition(传统).Itisanimportantmilestone(里程碑)ina48(person)life.Infact,almosteverycountryhastheceremony.IntheUSA,49(turn)16isabigthing.Mostteenagers(青少年)gettheirdrivinglicense(驾照)at16.Girlshave“sweet16”birthdayparties50(celebrate)thecomingofage.Theywearfancyclothesandhaveaspecialdancewiththeirfather.InJapan,ComingofAgeDayisanational(国家的)holiday.Ittakesplaceonthe51(two)MondayinJanuary.Peoplewhoare20yearsoldallcomeofageonthisday.Girlsdotheirhairinfancystyles,wearmake-up(妆容)andputonkimonos(和服).Boyswear52man’skimonoorasmartsuit.However,adulthood(成年)bringsnotonlyjoy53moreresponsibilities(责任).InGermany,thecoming-of-ageceremonyiscalledJugendfeier—“youthcelebration”.Itis54(meaning)thanothercoming-of-ageceremonies.Duringthisceremonyateachergivesaspeechtoyoungadults,talkingabout55(show)respect(尊重)forothers,beinghonestandsoon.Itisfromyoungadulthoodonthatmostpeopleareontheirowntofacethedifficultiesoflife.【答案】46．arewearing47．from48．person’s49．turning50．tocelebrate51．second52．a53．butalso54．moremeaningful55．showing【导语】本文是一篇说明文。成年是人生中的一个重要阶段。文章介绍了中国、美国、日本和德国四个国家的成人礼是如何庆祝的。46．句意：看,他们正穿着传统的中国服装，等着他们的父母给他们戴上帽子或在他们的头发上插一个发卡。根据“Look”可知本句时态为现在进行时，结构为bedoing，因主语为they，所以be应用are。故填arewearing。47．句意：这个仪式来自中国的一个古老传统。comefrom表示“来自”，故填from。48．句意：这在一个人的一生中是一个重要的里程碑。根据语境及句意可推测，此处用名词所有格表示“……的”，person的所有格为person’s，此处aperson’slife指“一个人的一生”。故填person’s。49．句意：在美国，16岁是一件大事。此处使用动名词turning作主语。故填turning。50．句意：女孩们举办“甜蜜的16岁”生日派对来庆祝成年。根据空前的动词have可判断此处应用动词不定式表示目的，指“为了庆祝成年”。故填tocelebrate。51．句意：它发生在一月的第二个星期一。根据the和空后的名词Monday可知此处应用two的序数词表示顺序，thesecondMondayinJanuary指“一月的第二个星期一”。故填second。52．句意：男孩子穿男人的和服或漂亮的西装。根据“kimono”是单数名词及“asmartsuit一套漂亮的西装”可判断，此处用不定冠词，man以辅音音素开头，所以用a，组成aman’skimono与asmartsuit构成选择关系，故填a。53．句意：然而,成年人带来的不仅是快乐还有更多的责任。notonly...butalso“不仅……而且”，故填butalso。54．句意：它比其他成人仪式更有意义。根据语境及句意可知此处用形容词作表语，meaning的形容词为meaningful；又根据“than”可判断使用形容词比较级,其比较级为moremeaningful。故填moremeaningful。55．句意：在这个仪式上,一位老师向年轻人发表演讲，谈到l尊重他人、诚实等等。介词about后跟动名词doing。故填showing。五、短文填空(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。Severaldaysago,someA56studentsvisitedourschool.Whenwetalked,IfoundsomedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSAandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUSA．Itisalittlel57thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhavefortyorforty-fiveminutesineachclass.A58differenceisthattheyhaveshorterbreaktimebetweenclasses.Besides,althoughmostschoolsinbothcountriesfinishtheirm59classesat12o’clock,thestudentsintheUSonlyhaveanhour-longbreak.Sotheyeatlunchquickly.Theirafternoonclassesbeginat1:00a.m.andschooliso60at3:00p.m.Thentheytakepartinclubactivitiesorplaysports.ManyChinesestudentsdon’tworkd61theirschoolyears,whiletheUSstudentsliketofindapart-timejobintheirf62time.Theydonothaveadreamjobinmind.Theythinkt63isnodifferencebetweenjobs.Workingisau64experienceandtheycanmakemoneyatthesametime.Someofthemeventakeone-year-full-timejobsa65theyleavehighschoolandthengotocollege.Inmyopinion,it’sgoodfortheirgrowth.【答案】56．(A)merican57．(l)onger58．(A)nother59．(m)orning60．(o)ver61．(d)uring62．(f)ree63．(t)here64．(u)seful65．(a)fter【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国学校和中国学校的不同。56．句意：几天前，一些美国学生参观了我们学校。根据首字母及“IfoundsomedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSAandChina.”可知，此处介绍美国学校和中国学校的不同，故此处为美国学生；American“美国的”，作定语修饰名词students。故填(A)merican。57．句意：它比中国的略长一些。根据首字母及“eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUSA…Weusuallyhavefortyorforty-fiveminutesineachclass.”可知，美国一节课的时间比中国的长一些；long“长的”，由“than”可知，用其比较级。故填(l)onger。58．句意：另一个区别是他们课间休息时间更短。根据首字母及“Ifoundsomedifferences…”可知，此处介绍多个区别中的另一个区别，应用another表示“另一个”。故填(A)nother。59．句意：此外，尽管两国的大多数学校都在12点结束上午的课程，但美国的学生只有一个小时的休息时间。根据首字母及“at12o’clock”可知，12点会结束上午的课程；morningclasses“上午的课程”。故填(m)orning。60．句意：他们下午1点开始上课，下午3点放学。根据首字母及“at3:00p.m”可知，美国学生会在下午三点放学；over“结束的”，形容词作表语。故填(o)ver。61．句意：许多中国学生在校期间不工作，而美国学生喜欢在空闲时间找一份兼职工作。根据首字母及“ManyChinesestudentsdon’twork…theirschoolyears”可知，此处指在学校期间；during“在……期间”。故填(d)uring。62．句意：许多中国学生在校期间不工作，