广东省茂名市高州市2025-2026学年高二下学期质量监测（期中）英语试卷（含解析）

高州市2025~2026学年度第二学期高二质量监测英语（试卷满分：130分，考试时间：120分钟）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。4．本卷主要命题范围：选择性必修第三册。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourfemalepioneersfromdifferentfieldswillsoonappearonsomeUScoins.Generationstocomewilllookatthecoinsbearingthesedesignsandberemindedofwhatcanbeaccomplishedwithdeterminationandadesiretoimproveopportunitiesforall.AnnaMayWongWongwasthefirstChineseAmericanfilmstarinHollywood,appearinginmorethan60movies.Hercoinshowsherrestingherheadonherhand,surroundedbytheroundlightsofastage.AfilmcriticoncenotedthatWong’sperformancesoftencarriedasenseoflonging,asifshewaseagerforaHollywoodthatfullyacceptedher.MayaAngelouThelatewriterandsocialactivisthasalreadyreceivedapresidentialMedalofFreedom,wonaNationalBookAward,andpublishedmorethan30bestsellingpoems.Angelou’scoinwillshowherwithherarmslifted,infrontofabirdinflightandarisingsun.Thoseimagesareinspiredbyherpoetryandsymbolicofthewayshelived.Scholarsanalyzethatherworksfrequentlyexploredthemesofresilienceandhope,mirroringherownlifejourneymarkedbyovercominghardships.SallyRideThelateastronaut,physicistandeducatorisbestknownasthefirstAmericanwoman—andyoungestAmerican—totraveltospace.Afterherretirement,shedevotedherselftoinspiringyoungpeople,particularlygirls,inscience,engineering,technologyandmaths.Hercoindesignshowsherstandingnexttoawindowonaspaceship,whichisinspiredbywhatsheoncesaid.“WhenIwasn’tworking,IwasusuallyatawindowlookingdownatEarth.”WilmaMankillerMankillerwasthefirstelectedfemalechiefoftheCherokeeNationin1987,andiscelebratedasanactivistforNativeAmericanandwomen’srights.Underherleadership,infantdeathratedeclinedandeducationallevelsrose.Mankiller’scoinshowsherinatraditionaldressinfrontoftheseven-pointedstaroftheCherokeeNation.Historiansemphasizethatherleadershipstylewasbothinclusive(包容的)anddecisive,bringingaboutsubstantialchangesforherpeople.1.WhatcanweinferaboutAnnaMayWongfromthetext?A.ShewaswidelyacceptedbyHollywoodfromthestart.B.Herperformanceslackedemotionaldepth.C.Shestarredinfewerthan50moviesthroughouthercareer.D.ShefacedchallengesingainingfullacceptanceinHollywood.2.WhyaretheimagesofabirdinflightandarisingsunchosenforMayaAngelou’scoin?A.Theyaresymbolsofherfavouritehobbies.B.Theyrepresentherlovefornature.C.Theyreflectthethemesinherpoetryandherlifeattitude.D.Theywererandomlyselectedbycoindesigners.3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWilmaMankiller’sleadership?A.Focusedmainlyoneconomicdevelopment.B.Ineffectiveinbringingaboutanychanges.C.Characterizedbyinclusivenessandtheabilitytoachieveresults.D.Unconcernedwiththesocialwelfareofhercommunity.BInthe1986America’sCupsailingrace,atoughcompetitionunfoldedbetweentheUnitedStatesteamandtheAustralianteam.TheAustralianteamhadwontheracemultipletimesbefore.Determinedtotakebackthetrophy(奖杯),theUSteamgatheredplentifulcapitalandtopsailors.Theyevendesignedahigh-speedsailboat,makingtheirgoalofwinningclear.Whentheracestarted,theUSteamtooktheleadrightaway.Bythetimetheywerejustfournauticalmilesfromthefinishline,theywerealreadythreenauticalmilesaheadoftheAustralianteam.Itseemedvictorywaswithintheirgrasp.However,thewinddirectionatseasuddenlychangedatthiscriticalmoment.TheUSteamwasnowfacedwithatoughchoice:shouldtheyadjustthesailangle?Yousee,therearetwotypesofwindatsea—gustsandcyclones.Ifitwasagust,adjustingthesailwouldbetherightmove.Butifitwasacyclone,anyadjustmentwouldbeuseless,ascycloneschangedirectionconstantly.Relyingonhisyearsofexperience,theUSteam’soldcaptaindecideditwasagustandorderedthecrewtoadjustthesail.Sadly,hisjudgmentwaswrong.Itturnedouttobeagust-likecyclone.TheUSsailboatspun(转动)aroundinplace,wastingvaluabletime.Meanwhile,theAustralianteamchosenottoadjusttheirsailandquicklycaughtup.Intheend,theAustralianteamovertooktheUSteamwhentheywerejustonenauticalmilefromthefinishlineandwonthechampionship.Aftertherace,mostmediablamedtheoldcaptainfortheUSloss.Butagametheoryexperthadadifferentview.Hesaidthatinanuncertainsituation,theUSteamshouldn’thavetriedtojudgethewinddirectionaccurately.Instead,theyshouldhavewatchedtheAustralianteam’sactions.IftheAustraliansdidn’tadjusttheirsail,theUSteamshouldn’thaveeither.Thatway,theycouldhavekepttheirlead.4.WhymighttheUSteamtaketheleadatthestart?A.Theyhadgoodfunds,sailorsandagoodboat. B.Theypracticedsailingeverysingleday.C.Australianteammadeaslowstart. D.ThewindhelpedtheUSteamalot.5.WhatcanweknowabouttheAustralianteam?A.TheywantedtheUStowin. B.Theydidnottrusttheircaptain.C.Theymadenosailadjustment. D.Theyknewthewindwouldchangeagain.6.Whatadvicedidtheexpertgive?A.Betterlaterthannever. B.Copythecompetitor’smove.C.Itisnevertoooldtolearnandcreate. D.Trustthecaptain.7.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheUnpredictableSeaWinds B.ARaceLostattheLastMileC.America’sCupSailingRace D.TheRoleofExperienceinSailingCA14-yearstudyofover90,000adultspresentedattheEuropeanSocietyofCardiologyCongresshasrevealedthat“catch-upsleep”onweekendscanreduceheartdiseaseriskbyupto20%.Theresearch,ledbycardiovascular(心血管的)scientistsfromChina’sFuwaiHospital,trackedparticipantsthroughtheUKBiobank.Itfoundthatthosewhogotthemostcompensatory(补偿的)weekendsleepwere19%lesslikelytodevelopheartdiseasecomparedtothosewhomaintainedconsistentbutinsufficientsleepschedules.Theprotectiveeffectwasmostdramaticforthe20%ofparticipantsclassifiedassleep-deprived—thosegettingfewerthansevenhoursnightlyduringweekdays.AseparateNHANESstudyof3,400Americansconfirmedthesefindings.Itshowedthatweekendcatch-upsleepdurationofmorethan2hourswasstronglyassociatedwithreducedcardiovasculardiseaseprevalencewhenweekdaysleepfellbelowsixhours.Buthere’swhatmakesthisdiscoveryrevolutionary:itdirectlychallengesdecadesofsleepmedicineorthodoxy(正统观念).Expertshavelongemphasizedmaintainingregularsleeptomaintaincircadianrhythms.Thisresearchsuggeststhatforindividualssufferingfromlong-termlackofsleep,sleepinginonweekendsmaybemoreprotectivethanmaintainingaregularbutinsufficientsleeppattern.Thestudyfoundspecificreductionsinstrokeandcoronaryheartdiseaseamongweekendsleepers.Dr.JimLiufromOhioStateUniversity’sWexnerMedicalCenterexplainsthemechanism:“Insufficientsleepcanincreasetheriskofdevelopinghypertension,obesity,arrhythmias,andcoronaryarterydisease.Ontheotherhand,makingupforlostsleepcanreducesuchrisks.”TheAmericanHeartAssociationnowconsiderssleeponeofthecorecomponentsofhearthealth,rankingitalongsidediet,exercise,andsmokingcessation.WithoneinthreeAmericanadultsreportinginsufficientdailysleep,thisresearchsuggeststhatweekendrecoverysleepmightserveasacrucialcardiacsafetynetformillionsofpeoplewhoarealwaystired.8.Whichgroupcanbenefitmostfromweekendcatch-upsleep?A.Peoplewhosleep8hourseverynight. B.Peoplewhosleeplessthan7hoursonweekdays.C.Peoplewhomaintainaregularsleepschedule. D.Peoplewhooftenfeelsleepyonweekdays.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prevalence”inParagraph4mean?A.Occurrence. B.Treatment. C.Prevention. D.Cure.10.WhatisJimLiu’sattitudetowardstheresearchresults?A.Favourable. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Unconcerned.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Americansneedtosleepmoreonweekends. B.Long-termlackofsleepcausesmanydiseases.C.Sleepmedicineexpertsshouldchangetheiradvice. D.Weekendcatch-upsleepcanreduceheartdiseaserisk.DThemodelcalledAguaPrope,meaningcleanwater,waspresentedbyateamofmiddleschoolstudentsfromHouston.AtthefutureCityNationalsinWashingtonDC,thestudents’goalwastobuildacitywithacleanandreliablewatersupply.ManymembersontheHoustonteamhaverootsinKarachi,Pakistanlargestandmostcontaminated(被污染的)city,wherewatershortagesandaccesstocleanwaterareaconstantproblem.Karachiisquiteunderdevelopednow.UnlikeinAmerica,alotofpeopleareonthestreets—theydon’thavewatertodrinkorthey’redrinkingcontaminatedwater.It’sveryhardtoeventakeshowersovertheday.ThegovernmentinKarachisaysthecitysuppliesonlyhalfofthewateritneedsdaily.TheconsequencesofPakistan’swaterproblemsareheartbreaking.UNICEFreportseveryyear53thousandchildrendieofdiarrheacausedbydrinkingcontaminatedwater.StudentsontheHoustonteamsaytheirmodelincludesastablesystem,whichmonitorssupplyanddemand,storage,filtration(过滤),anddiversionofconventionalaswellasfloodwatersacrosstheJacksonvillelandscape.TheprojectAguaPropeislocatedinJacksonvilleFlorida,wherethemainproblemsarestormsurges,hurricanesandfloods.Actuallyalotofproblemscausedbywatershortageandpollutionaregoingoninternationallyrightnow,especiallyincoastalcities.There,limitedaccesstocleandrinkingwaterordrinkingcontaminatedwatermayleadtodevelopmentaldisordersandcancer-relatedissues.AguaPropemodelwonthePeople’sChoiceAwardbasedonvotingbythegeneralpublic,andthebestfuturisticcityaward.Thismodelcallsfortechnologysoadvancedthatitwillbedecadesbeforeitcanbeputintoeffect.Butthestudentssaytheyhopeonedaywithinthenext50yearstheirvisionofacleanwatercitywillbecomeareality.12.Whydidthestudentschoosetofocusonwaterproblems?A.Theirteacherforcedthemtochoosethistopic.B.Waterproblemsarerareintheirhometown.C.Manyofthemcomefromacitywithseriouswatershortages.D.Theywantedtowinaninternationalsciencecompetition.13.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.TheeffectsofcontaminatedwaterinKarachi. B.TheseriousnessofwaterproblemsinKarachi.C.ThesolutionstowaterproblemsinKarachi. D.ThehistoryofwatersupplyinPakistan.14.WhatproblemsdoesJacksonvilleface?A.Earthquakesanddroughts. B.Floodsandhurricanes.C.Volcaniceruptionsandstorms. D.Sandstormsandwatershortages.15.WhatcanweinferabouttheAguaPropemodelfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisalreadybeingusedinsomecities. B.ItwillbebuiltinJacksonvillefirst.C.Itisnotyetpossibletobuildwithcurrenttechnology. D.Itistooexpensiveforanycitytoafford.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Poetry,withitsrhythmiclanguageandlayeredmeanings,invitesreaderstoexploreemotions,ideas,andbeautybeyondtheliteral.Tofullyengagewithapoem,considerthesemethodstodeepenyourappreciationandunderstanding.Readaloudforrhythmandsound.

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Readthepoemaloudslowly.Noticetherhythm,rhymes,orrepeatingsounds.Forexample,EdgarAllanPoe’sTheRavenusesatensebeat,whileLangstonHughes’Dreamshasagentleflow.Dotheysoundcheerful,sad,orurgent?The“music”ofapoemoftenmirrorsitsmood.

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Understandingapoem’shistorical,cultural,orbiographicalcontextenrichesinterpretation.Itwillhelpyoualottofindoutwhenthepoemwaswrittenorwhatthepoet’slifewaslike.Butdon’tstress—evenaquickGooglesearchcanaddmeaning.Acceptconfusion.Poemsdon’talwayshaveonerightexplanation.

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MaybeShakespeare’sSonnet18isbothalovepoemandajokeaboutclichés(陈词滥调).Discusswithclassmates—differentviewsmakepoemsmoreinteresting!Letuncertaintysparkcuriosity.Connectthepoemtoyourlife.Letyouremotionsguideyourunderstanding.Ifalineremindsyouofapersonalexperience,writedownyourthoughtsorsharethemwithafriend.

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Poetryisn’tjustaboutanalysis—it’saboutfeelingandimagination.Appreciatingpoetryisbothanartandapractice—requiringattentiontoform,context,andpersonalreflection.AsEliotwrote,poetry“communicatesbeforeitisunderstood”,invitingustoreturn,rethink,andrediscoveritsmagicendlessly.

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A.Poemsaremeanttobeheard.B.Learnthebackgroundofthepoem.C.Comparepoemsbydifferentauthors.D.Poetryisalivewhenitspeakstoyou.E.Practisememorizingsomefamouslines.F.Ifalinefeelspuzzling,writedownyourguesses.G.Grabapoem,readitaloud,andletyourselfenjoythemagicofit.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onawarmafternoon,myfour-year-oldson,Wilson,andIheadedtothebeach,ourfavouriteeveningescape.Aswecollectedseashells,I

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perfectones,whileWilsonfilledourbucketwithbrokenpieces.WhenI

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findingwholeshells,hesimplygavemea(n)

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lookandcontinuedpickingupwhateverhefound,

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withhisuniquecollection.Again,I

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,butthistimeIaskedina(n)

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voice,“Wilson,whydoyoukeepfillingourbucketwithshellsthatarebroken?”Helookedupatmeandsaid,“Mum,therearemorebrokenshellsonthebeachthanperfectones.We’ll

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thebucketfasterwiththesebrokenones.Theseshellsarebroken,buttheyarestill

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.”Hesaidashe

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foranotherbrokenshell.“It

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meofaclown(小丑).Thisoneisroundlikethesun.”Irealisedmysonwasteachingmeanimportant

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.ItookouttheperfectshellsIhadcollectedand

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thembackonthebeach.WilsonandIwalkedalong,

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onlybrokenshells,and

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theirbeauty.Itremindedusthatnoneofusareperfect,butweallhaveuniquebeauty.Now,wecollectonlybrokenshells,findingbeautyintheir

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andlearningfromthem.21.A.searchedfor B.stoodfor C.calledfor D.appliedfor22.A.enjoyed B.suggested C.considered D.involved23.A.confused B.painful C.awkward D.astonished24.A.familiar B.strict C.content D.disappointed25.A.hesitated B.stopped C.adjusted D.appeared26.A.social B.calm C.firm D.urgent27.A.drop B.raise C.fill D.strengthen28.A.beautiful B.necessary C.complete D.rare29.A.looked B.waited C.reached D.longed30.A.informs B.warns C.accuses D.reminds31.A.lesson B.skill C.conclusion D.choice32.A.cut B.threw C.placed D.led33.A.gathering B.exploring C.spotting D.observing34.A.describing B.praising C.feeling D.admiring35.A.conditions B.creations C.expressions D.imperfections第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BornintheNetherlandsin1883,VanGoghhadalwaysbeeninterestedinartandtriedtowork

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aprofessionalpainter.Hisearlyworks

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(characterize)bydarkcoloursuntil1886,

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hisbrother,Theo,invitedhimtocometoliveinParis,wherethebrightcoloursofImpressionistartgreatlyinfluencedhisstyle.Later,VanGoghmovedtosouthernFrance.In1888,aftersufferingamentalbreakdown,hestayedinahospitalwherehepaintedover20versionsof

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viewfromhiswindow,whichcovereddifferenttimesandweatherconditions,

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(create)onlyonenightview.HewrotetoTheo:“ThismorningIsawthecountryside...withnothingbutthemorningstar.”This“star”wasactuallyVenus,whichinspiredhimtocreatehis

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(influence)painting,TheStarryNight.TheStarryNight(1889)describesadramaticcypresstreestretchingupwardlikeflames,imaginaryvillagescenery,andaswirlingsky

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(fill)withcelestialbodies.Thoughunrealisticallyaddedavillage,thepaintingreveals

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VanGoghperceivedthroughhis“mind’seye”.Thecontrastbetweenquietdarknessanddynamiccolours

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(mirror)hiscomplexgenius,provingthattrueartoftengoesbeyond

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(simple)copyingreality.第三部分课本基础知识考查（共两节，满分10分）第一节单词填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）根据中文提示和首字母填空，或根据括号内同根词填空，每空一词。在答题卡作答时，要填写完整单词才得分。46.Developmentsonthisissuewillbedealtwithinas(之后的)report.47.Weknowthattasteinartisas(主观的)matter.48.Thebookisexpectedtod(支配;占有优势)thebest-sellerlists.49.Wewenttorenewour(month)seasonticket.50.Havingsmallchildrenmeans(restrict)yourfreedom.51.Myfather’slifeworkwasdevotedtothe(conserve)oftheLongleatestate.52.Themajorityofpeoplearoundhereared(正派的)people.53.Hewantstoexpresshisdeep(sympathetic)tothefamily.54.His(commit)hasbeenunquestioned.55.Ifwegotowar,(innocence)liveswillbeputatrisk.第二节完成句子（共10空；每空0.5分，满分5分）根据中文提示填空，每空一词。56．有一名运动员特别值得表扬。Oneplayerdeservesamention.57．他约她出去，却被她拒绝了。Heaskedherout,butshehim.58．从昨晚开始就一直在下雪。Ithassincelastnight.59．这个团队由五名成员组成。Theteamisoffivemembers.60．我必须做的第一件事是完成作业。ThefirstImustdoisfinishmyhomework.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是校学生会主席李华。环境污染问题日益严峻，作为高中生,我们应该为环境保护贡献自己的一份力量，请你用英语写一封倡议书，刊登在校英文报上。内容包括:1．目前环境存在的问题;2．环境保护采取的措施;3．发出倡议。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearschoolmates,TheStudents’Union第二节（满分25