语法填空二轮一模上海专辑（珊瑚细胞 表情符号 93阅兵 家用智能机器人）原卷版-2026届高考英语语法填空分类强化100题

专题53语法填空二轮上海专辑原卷版

珊瑚细胞+表情符号+9.3阅兵+家用智能机器人+家具银行+智能足球

[01](25-26高三上•上海•月考)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomake(he

passagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproper

formofthegivenword,fortheotherblanks,useonewoidthatbestfitseachblank.

WhyAIhasnottakenyourjob

Almosteveryweektheworldlakesanotherstepinthedirectionofartificialgeneralintelligence.Incities

suchasLondonandSanFrancisco,t4Howlongdoyoureckonyouhaveleftinyourjob?”isacommontopicof

conversation.ButisChatGPTactuallyputtinganyoneoutofwork?

Lotsofexpertsclaimthatitis.ManypointtoarecentpaperbyCarlBenediktFreyandPedro

Llanos-Earcdes,bothoftheUniversityofOxford,]suggestsalinkbetweenautomationanddeclining

demandfortranslators.Atthesametime,however,officialAmericandatasuggestthatthenumberofpeople

employedininterpretation,translationandthelike2(be)7%higherthanayearago.3pointto

Kkirna,atechfirm,whichhadboastedaboutusingthe(echtoautomatecustomerservice.Butthecompanyisnow

undertakinganabout-turn.uTherewillalwaysbeahumanifyouwant,,,itsboss,hasrecentlysaid.

OthersstillsearchthrougheconomicdatatofindsignsthatAI4causemanypeopletolosetheir

jobsinthefuture.Onepopularmeasureistheratiooftheunemploymentratebetweenrecentcollegegraduatesand

theoverallAmericanaverage.Younggraduatesarcnow5(likely)thantheaverageworkertobejobless.

Theexplanationrunsthattheytypicallydoentry-leveljobsinknowledge-intensiveindustries-6making

slidesinamanagementconsultancy.ItisexactlythissortoftaskthatAIcandowell.Somaybethetechnologyhas

eliminatedthesejobs?

Well,no.Thedatasimplydonotlineup7anypossiblemechanism.Younggraduates'''relative

unemployment“startedtorisein2009,longbeforegenerativeAIcamealong.Andtheiractualunemploymentrate,

ataround6%,remainslow.WcexamineAmericandataonemploymentbyoccupation,singlingoutworkersthat

arebelievedtobevulnerabletoAI.includingpeopleinback-officesupport,financialoperationsardmuchmore

besides.Thereisasimilarpatternhere:wefindnoevidenceofanAIhit.

Therearetwo8(compete)explanationsforthesetrends.Thefirstisthat,9theendless

announcementsabouthowfirmsareintegratingAIintotheiroperations,fewmakemuchuseofthetechnologyfor

seriouswork.Anofficialmeasuresuggeststhatlessthan10%ofAmericancompaniesemployittoproducegoods

andservices.Thesecondisthatevenwhencompaniesdoadoptthetech,theydonotletpeoplego.AImaysimply

helpworkersdotheirjobsfaster.10theexplanation,fornowthereisnoneedtopanic.

【02】(25-26高三上•上海杨浦•月考)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethe

passagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproper

formof(hegivenword;fortheotherblanks,usedonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

CoralCultures

Studyingcoralsusuallyrequireseitherobservingthemaliveintheoceanorexaminingtheirdeadtissueina

laboratoiy.Butnewresearchoffersawaytokeepallcoralcelltypesaliveinalabculturesfortwoweeksor1

(long),openingnovelexperimentalpossibilities.

Thecellsofcnidarians(agroupthatincludescoralsandseaanemones)arenotoriouslydifficult2

(culture).Thesecells3(easilydamage)duringextraction,andcoralsalsohavecomplexmicrobiomes(微

生物群)thatarctrickytowipeoutwithantibiotics.But4leftalive,themicrobesoften:akeovercell

cultures.

Manycnidariansarebothendangeredandcriticalfbrmarineecosystemhealth."Weneedtodomorethan

justdocument5death/,saysUniversityofMiamimarinebiologistNikkiTraylor-Knowles,whoissenior

authoronanewstudyinScientificReports.Init,herteamdetailshowtoreduceacoraltoitsconstituentcellsand

thengrowthemalltogether—like6(cultivate)theanimalonaplate.

Theresearchersmadeslightchangestoastandardgrowthmedium(madeofseawater,chemicalsand

antibiotics)toreachoptimalformulasfortwodifferentcnidarianspecies.Theseformulasletall(he7(test)

species'celltypesgrowatonce,withoutmicrobesorextraneous(无关的)tissues.Thenewmethodologywillbring

unparalleledvisibilityintohowcelltypesinteract,Traylor-Knowlessays,anditwillallowforhigher-volume

experimentswithoutraisingorkillingwholeanimals.

Scientistsdonotyetunderstandallcnidariancelltypes,8theirfunctions.Theseculturescould

showhowdifferentcellsrespondtostressors,9typesaremostvulnerabletohealthfailures,andpossibly

wherecnidariansgettheirimpressiveregenerativeabilities.

Thestudyisgroundbreaking,saysmolecularbiologistJurisGrasisoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Merced,

whowasnotinvolvedwiththepaperbutalsostudiescnidarians.liesayshewasjealousasheir'whenhesawthe

result.Somecellpopulationssurvivedforaslongas30days,henotes,10impliesthepossibilityof

scalingupcellreproductionfbrftiturcresearch.Nextup,Grasissays:**Ho\vdowctranslatethisbackintothefield

试卷第2页，共15页

andmakecoralshealthyagain?”

(25-26高三上•上海•开学考试)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethe

passagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproper

formofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

TheInternetischangingthewaywecommunicate.LOL,awks,amazeballs,BRB,(heuseofemojiand

emoticon—andevenwritingfacialexpressionssuchas4sadface'—haveallbecomestandardindigital

communications.Soingrained,infact,[they'rechangingthewaywewriteandeventalk.

There'snodoubtthattheconsumptionofabbreviateddigitalcontentishavingahugeeffectonlanguage.

“Overthelastfiveyearsattentionspanshaveshortenedconsiderably,whichisreflectedinthe2(contract)

formsoflanguagewcseeinsocialmedia,“saysRobinKcrmodc.

However,somethinkthattheinternethasmadeusbettercommunicatorssinceweincreasinglyuse

much3(streamlined)language.444(gel)amessageacrossusingTwitterforexample,itmustbe

conciseandmustconformtothetoneusedthere,whichincludesabbreviations,acronyms.^^

Thefastestgrowing'newlanguage'intheworldisemoticons(faces)andemojis(imagesofobjects,which

hailfromJapan),whichareoneofthebiggestchangescausedbydigitalcommunications."Facialexpressions,

visualpresenceandbodylanguagehavealwaysbeenvitaltobeingaconfidentspeaker,5nowemojisarc

blurringthelinesbetweenverbalandwrittencommunication,thinksKcrmodc,whoaddsthatcavcmcnhadearly

versionsofemojisonthesidesoftheircaves."Pictures,cartoonsoremojisare'shortcuts'sowecanbeclearabout

6ourmessagereallymeans.”

Emoticonsandemojisarearguablymoremeaningfulthanslangandshorthand,which7betoo

easilymisunderstood.UIoncewitnessedagirlbeingdumpedinatext,which8(consist)ofamessagewith

justfiveletters,URMYX'—linguisticallyeconomic,butemotionallyharsh,“saysKcrmodc.Troubleis,the

senderhadactuallymeantYOUAREMINE.X'"Ifhe'daddedthreeemojis-likeasmileyface,aheartanda

weddingring,hemightnowbehappilymarried!',

Thesamegoes9astatementsuchas“INEEDTOSPEAKTOYOURIGHTNOW”，whichneedsa

qualilyingemoticonoremojitogiveitmeaning,"Ilcouldsignalanangrymeetingorapassionatemeetingbutadd

acoffeecup,abigsmileyfaceoranangryfaceanditbecomesclearwhat'sreallygoingon,^^saysKermode.

Theymaybederidedbytraditionalists,butemoticonsandemojisusedtodescribemoodarethebody

languageadd-on10thewrittenwordhasalwayslacked.Inmostinstances,theseiconsrepresentlanguage

evolutionandprogress,notregression.

【04】(25-26高三上•上海•月考)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethe

passagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproper

formofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

TheFifth-generationCoinbatPlanesDisplayedonChina'sMilitaryParade

ThePeople'sLiberationArmyhasdisplayedailtypesofitsfifth-generationcombatplanesonactivedutyfor

thefirsttimeviathegrandparadeonWednesday,amovethatobserverssay[(intend)toshowits

world-classairprowess.

Allofthefivemodels—theJ-20,J-20A,J-20SandJ-35AofthePLAAirForceaswellasthePLANavy's

J-35—thunderedpasttheTian'anmcnSquareincentralBeijingastheyflewinseveralarrowhead-shapedgroups

aroundtheendofa70-minuteparade,2(mark)the80thanniversaryofthevictoryintheChinesePeople's

WarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggression(1931-45)andtheWorldAnti-FascistWar.

WangYanan,chiefeditorofAerospaceKnowledgemagazine,toldChinaDailythatthisisthefirsttimein

thehistoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChinathatsomuchnewhardware3(send)toaparade.

“4wehaveseenisanunprecedentedunveilingofChina'sdomesticallydevelopedweaponrysuch

asthosenewaircraft.Allofthesepreviouslyunseenweaponshavestatc-of-thc-artdesignsandsuperiorcapabilities,

andhavetremendouslyenhancedtheChinesearmedforces'overallstrength/*Wangsaid.

TheJ-20S,likeothermembersoftheJ-20series,wasdesignedbytheChengduAircraftDesignand

ResearchInstitute.Thetwin-seatplaneischaracterizedbyitssupremeabilitytoseizesuperiorityinaircombat,

carryoutprecisionstrikes5landandseatargets,andperformbattlefieldsituationalawareness,electronic

jammingaswellastacticalcommandandcontrol

Thetwin-seatvariant(变体)canhaveabackupflight-controlsystem6(install)forthebackseat

operatortouse7themainsystemmalfunctionsorisdamagedinaction,orthefront-seatpilotbecomes

incapacitated.

TheJ-20A,8J-20variant,hasseveralexternaldifferencesfromthebaselinemodel:anenlarged

spine,reshapednosecone,andmodifiedengineintakesoptimizedfornew,mightierenginesdevelopedbyChinese

engineersontheirown.

Itsenginesarewidelybelievedtohavethrust(推力)vectorcontroltechnology9provides

significantbenefitsinflighimaneuverability(机动性).Thetechnologyenablesapilottoadjust(heengineexhaust

nozzles(喷口)10(redirect)thrust,allowingtheplanetocarryoutpreviouslyunimaginablemaneuversat

veryhighanglesofattack,meaningitsnoseispointedatananglegreatlyexceedingthejet'scurrentvector.

试卷第4页，共15页

【05】（25-26高三上•上海徐汇•月考）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethe

passagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproper

fonnofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

TheresponsibilityofsafeguardingChina'sairspaceisnotplacedsolelyoncombataircraft.Ground-based

air-defenseandanti-ballistic（反弓单道的）missilesystemsarcanothersignificantcomponentindefending1

incomingairthreats.

2（display）itsmulti-stage,multi-layerairandmissiledefensenetwork,theAirForcebroughtsixtypes

ofadvancedsystemstotheparade.Theoccasion3marksthepublicdebutoftheHQ-20andHQ-22A

anti-aircraft（防空的）missilesystems,attractswideattentionfrommilitaryenthusiastsathomeandabroad.

Anotherthreetypcs-HQ-11,HQ-9CandHQ-19—4（be）partofChinesedefenseshowsinrecentyears.

AccordingtoZhangXuefeng,amilitaryhardwareobserverandretiredPLAofficer,theHQ-11,HQ-20,and

HQ-22Aarcprimarilytaskedwithengagingwithconventionalthreats,andcaneffectivelyintercept（拦截）

fixed-wingaircraft,drones,andevenshort-andmedium-rangeballisticmissiles.Whatmanypeoplearecurious

aboutis5theseadvancedanti-aircraftmissilesystemswillbearrangedinkeycoastalareas.

TheHQ-19,unveiledforthefirsttimeinNovember2024,hasbeendesignedforregionalprotectionagainst

ballisticmissilesatthehigh-altitudcterminalphase.6（characterize）byalargecoverageandstrong

countermeasures.Thesetraitsmake7abackboneequipmentforChina'shomelandairdefenseandmissile

interceptionoperations,accordingtcZhang.

“ThecombinationoftheHQ-9seriesand（heHQ-19willform8powerful,multi-layernetworkto

keepourimportantassetssafefromthreatsfromair,“theobservernoted.

WangYanan.chiefeditorofAerospaceKnowledgemagazine,saidthatinadditiontoconventionalballistic

missiles（弹道导弹）,theHQ-19isabletocounterhypersonic（超音速的）glidevehicleweaponsthatboast

extremelyfastspeedsandsupremeagility.Asacutting-cdgcstrikehardware,thehypersonicglidevehicleweapon

isvirtuallyimpossibletointerceptbypreviousair-defensemissilesandasignificantthreat9（pose）to

high-valueassets.

As（he10（large）surface-to-airmissilesystemChinahasevershown,theHQ-29isamid-course

interceptordesignedtoengagethreatsoutsidetheEarth'satmosphere.Analystshavepointed（oitslarge-diameter

launchcanistersanddual-missileccnfigurationaspossibleindicatorsofadesignmeanttoboostinterceptionodds

againstfastandmaneuveringballistictargets.

【06】（2025•上海嘉定•一模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassage

coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe

givenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

DoWeReallyNeed8HoursofSleep?CultureMatters

Peopleindifferentcountriessleepvaryingamounts,andculturalbeliefsaboutsleepplayasignificantrolein

itsrelationshiptohealth.StudieshaveshownthatJapanesepeoplesleepsignificantlylessthan]inthe

UnitedStates,Canada,andEurope.ResearchhasshownthatJapanesepeoplesleep25minuteslessonaverage(han

Americansand40minuteslessthanDutchpeople.Despitesleepinglessthanthe2(recommend)eight

hours,Japaneseindividualsgenerallyhavebetterhealthoutcomes,livinglongerwithlowerratesofcancerand

heartdiseasecomparedtoNorthAmericans.

Thiscreatesapuzzle.Onereasonforthis3beculturaldietaryhabits.Americanstendtoconsume

moreredmeatanddairy,whiletheJapaneseeatmorefish,fruits,andvegetables.However,thisalonedoesn'tfully

explainihehealthdifferences.

WhydoJapaneseindividualsseemheallhier4theysleepless?InJapan,peopletendiobelievethat

sleepisaluxury,notanecessity,and5sacrificingsleepisvitalforsuccess.InNorthAmericanculture,

thereisastrong,widespreadbeliefthatgetting8hoursofsleepisessentialfor6(maintain)goodhealth.

AspecificstudyledbyBenjaminCheunginvestigatedtheseculturaldifferences,1researchers

compared295universitystudentsfromCanadaandJapan.Participantsworewatches8(track)theiractual

sleepandansweredquestionsabou:sleepbeliefsandhealth.Theresultswereclear:Japanesestudentsaveraged

about6hoursofsleeppernight,significantlylessthan7hoursamongCanadianstudents.Interestingly,fewer

physicalhealthsymptoms9(report)amongtheJapanesestudents.

Therefore,therelationship10howlongyousleepandyourhealthisnotabsolute.Itseemstobe

significantlyinfluencedbyyourculturalbackgroundandpersonalbe'iefsaboutsleep.

【07】(2025•上海崇明•一模)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblanks(omakethepassage

coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe

givenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

BeijingHoststheWorld'sFirst-everHumanoid(像人的)RobotHalfMarathon

Runningisforeveryone—andeverything,asitnowhappens.That's]Chinahasjuststagedahalf

marathonwherehumansweren'ttheonlyparticipants.Inadditiontoabout12,000living,breathingrunners,this

racealsowelcomed21humanoidrobotstoitsstartline.

Thishalfmarathon,whichtookplaceinBeijingonSaturday,2(believe)tobethefirstrunningevent

试卷第6页，共15页

ofitskindandalandmarkmomentfortheChineseroboticsindusiry.3thehumansandrobotsranalong

separatetracks,likelyforsafetyreasonswhichyou'llappreciatebetterinamoment,itwasthefirsttimethatthese

twotypesofparticipants4(take)partinthesamerace.Anditprovedthatbipedal(两腿行走的)robots

canrunasignificantdistanceinreal-worldconditions.

However,therobots'performancesonracedaywerechaotic.Onerobotfellatthestartinglineandstayed

dov/nforseveralminutes.5ranintoafenceafterjustafewmeters.Onlysixofthe21competingrobots,all

of6hadtobebipedalratherthanonwheels,successfullycompletedthecourse.Thebestofthebunchwasa

humanoidcalledTiangongUltra.7(develop)bytheBeijingHumanoidRobotInnovationCenter,whichwon

therobotracein2hoursand40minutes.Evenbetter,TiangongUltracrossedthefinishline8thehuman

cut-offtimeofthreehoursand10minutes.Itmadeittheonlyrobot9(qualify)forahumanparticipation

award.Itwasthetallestrobotinthefield,too,7()(tower)overmanyhumanadultsatnearlysixfeet(about

1.8meters).Bycontrast,theshortestrobotparticipant—whichworeablueandwhitetracksuitandwavedat

peopleeveryfewseconds—wasjust2.5feet(about0.76meters)tall.

【08】(25-26高三上•上海静安•期中)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethe

passagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswitha^ivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproper

formofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Evenmoderatedrinkingmightshrinkyourbrain

Newresearchsuggeststhatmoderatedrinkingcannegativelyimpacthealth.Thestudyfoundalinkbetween

regularalcoholconsumption—aslittleasoneto(wodrinksaday—anddecreasedbrainvolumeinmiddle-aged

andolderpeople.]theydrinkornotplaysaroleinthebrainshrinkage.

ThestudywasledbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandtheUniversityofWisconsin-

Madison.TheyanalyzeddatafromtheUKBiobank,along-runningprojectthat2(track)thehealthofmore

than35,000UKresidentsinthepastfewyears.

Aspartoftheproject,volunteersfilloutquestionnairesabouttheirlifestylehabits,consent(同意)tohaving

theirgenesstudied,andhigh-qualitybrainscans.Usingthesescans,theteamlookedforanyconnectionbetween

3(report)alcoholuseandbrainstructure.

Ourbrainsnaturallyshrinkinsize4webecomeolder,whichisoneofthereasonsourcognitive

functiondeclinesinlaterage.Therearethingsthat5eitheraccelerateorslowdownthisprocess,though,

suchasexercise.Andevenamoderatealcoholroutine,theresearchersconcluded,seemstobeintheformer

category.

Aftercontrollingforotherfactors,suchasage,bodymassindex,andheadsize,thescientistsfounda

negativecorrelationbetweenalcoholintakeandoverallbrainvolume,includingingraymatter,theareasofthe

brainrichinneuronsandothercells.Alcoholusewassimilarlylinkedtochangesinourwhitematter,6the

informationisrelayed(传j塞)betweendifferentregionsofthebrain.

“Weshowthatthenegativeassociationsbetweenalcoholintakeandbrainmacrostructureand

microstructurearealreadyapparentinindividuals7(consume)anaverageofonlyonetotwodailyalcohol

units,andbecome8(strong)asalcoholintakeincreases,''theauthorswroteintheirpaper,publishedin

NatureCommunicationsearlierthismonth.

Theauthorssaytheirlargesamplesizeisanadvantage9paststudiesandallowsthemtobetter

understandandquantifythepossibletollofregularalcoholuseonthebrain.Goingfromzerotooneunitofalcohol

(abouthalfapint)aday,theauthorssay,wouldbeequivalenttohalfayearofbrainagingintheaverage

50-year-old,forinstance,butitjumpstotwoyearsforsomeonegoingfromonetotwounitsofalcohol(afullpint)

perday.Andfor10drinkingfourormoredrinksaday,theirbrainsmayageprematurelyafulldecade,

relativetosomeonewhodoesn'tdrinkatall.

【08】(2026•上海•——模)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassage

colicrentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe

givenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

WhyFairyTalesAreReallyPowerfulTales

Whenpeoplethinkoffairytales,theyusuallyimagineprettyprincesses,braveprincesandhappyendings.

Yetifwelookbacktotheearliestversionsofthesestories,wediscoverthatfairytales](nevermean)to

beonlysweetorchild-friendly.Infact,theywereoriginallyseriousandfullofchallenges.Thefearanddangerin

thesetaleswerenotaccidental—theycarriedmoral,social,andevenpsychologicalmeaning.

Inthepast,lifewasfullofrisks:diseases,hunger,andpoverty.Folkstoriesreflectedthatworld.InHansel

andGretel,twochildrenarcabandonedandalmostcapturedbyawitch(女巫)，2remindsusthat

clevernessandcourageareneededfbrsurvival.InLittleRedRidingHood,thewoIPsattackteachesyoung

listenersnottotruststrangers.Behindeverytensescene,there3(stand)awarningaboutrealhuman

behavior.

Psychologistslaterpointedoutthatsuchstorieshelpchildrenfacetheirinnerworries.BrunoBettelheim,a

well-knownscholar,suggestedthatfairytales4(allow)themindtodealsafelywithemotionslike

jealousy,loneliness,andloss.Thedeeppartsofthestory,5(act)likeamirror,helpreadersunderstandthe

试卷第8贝，共15页

hiddencornersoftheirownhearts.

Modernversionshavesoftenedthesetales,replacingdangerwithbeautyandlosswithhappyendings.But

deepdown,theoriginalfearis6gavefairytalcstheirpower.Withoutfear,theirlessonslosedepth.7

(shape)byfacingimaginarymonsters,readerslearnhowtofacereal-litechallenges.

Intheend,8theyreflect(hetruthofhumanexperience,fairytalesarereallypowerfultales.They

rerr.indus(hat9reaching"happilyeverafter,“everyheroorheroinestillhastowalkthroughtheforestof

uncertainty—anditisthejourneythroughthatdarknessthatmakestheendingworth10(remember).

[10](25-26高三上•上海•期中)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethe

passagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproper

formofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Aretouchscreensincarsdangerous?

ItmightnothavebeenthefirsttohaveatouchscreenbutitwasTesla'sModelSthatsetthetrend.Foryears

almosteverynewcarsold[(come)withahigh-tech,futuristicscreen,whichcontrolseverythingfromthe

airconditioningtoevensafetyfeatureslikeautomaticlane-keeping.

Butaretouchscreenssafe?Thecaseagainstthemisstraightforward.Ifusingthescreenofasmartphone

whiledrivingisdistracting,andthereforedangerous,thendoinglikewisewithyourcar's,2userequires

similarvisualattention,isprobablyriskytoo.Driverscanlearnthelocationofphysicalcontrolsandpressbuttons

withouttakingtheireyes3theroad.Atouchscreenoffersnophysicalfeedback,makingthatmuchharder.

Andbecauseascreen4dodozensofjobs,findingaparticularsettingoftenmeanstappingthroughseveral

sub-menus.Theresult,saycritics,isadangerousdistraction5(build)intothecaritself.

Researchbacksthatup.In2022ViBilagare,aSwedishmotoringmagazine,measured6ittook

driverstodothingslikeswitchingtoanewradiostationorchangingthetemperature,whiledrivingat110

kilometresperhour.Whileadriverinanoldercarwithbuttonscouldperformtaskswithinabouttenseconds,the

sametasksusingmoderntouchscreenstookupto45seconds.

Safetyorganisationsarebeginningtonotice.FromJanuarynewrulesfromEuroNCAP,anorganisationthat

providessafetyratings,willmeannocarcangetafullfive-starscore7certaincrucialfunctionsare

controlledbyrealswitches.

Manydriversdisliketouchscreensforreasonsotherthansafety,findingtheminconvenientandannoying

8(use).Volkswagenhasbegunrestoringatleastsomebuttonstotheirnewmodels,9(cite)drivers'

dislikeofscreens.Butinnovationneverstops.Evenastouchscreens10(fall)outoffavour,many

manufacturersareturningtheirattentiontovoicecontrol—thoughthatisasubjectforanotherstory.

【11”25-26高三上•上海•期中)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomake(hepassage

coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe

givenword;fortheotherblanks,useoneword(hatbestfitseachblank.

WhenRealityFeelsUnreal

Intoday'sworldofperfectpicturesandcomputer-madevideos,oursenseofwhatis“real"isquietly

changing.Expertsnowdescribeastrangereactioncalledthe“GivingNPC“Effect—akindofmentalmistakein

101trulyrealpeopleorscenessuddenlyseemunreal.Thetermcomesfromvideogames:NPCs,ornon