2025年高考全国一卷高考英语试题及答案解析

2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国一卷）

英语学科

本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Thegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobiles

Movinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsiblefbralargepartof

globalCO2emissions（排放）.Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfaces

particularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsfbraboutaquarterofour

energy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here'sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin

2018fbrdifferentmodesoftransport.

SHIPPINGOTHER

AIRPLANESRAIL

11.6%1%

Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalso

lightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasits

specificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthesolutionstoget

usgoinggreen.

PLANES—SyntheticCARS—BatteriesBatteriesare

hvdrocarbonsThehardestsectortoenergy-efficientandelectriccarscan

decarbonizeisaviation.Onelong-tennplugintoexistingsystemsandservices.

optionfbrsustainablefuelfbrplanesistoNewsolid-statebatterieswilltakeacar

makehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.fartheronasinglecharge.

试卷第1页，共12页

——

rFUTUREFUELS^

TRAINS—TRUCKS—SHIPS—Liquid

ElectricitySometrainsHydrogenfuelcellsammoniaLiquid

arealreadyelectrifiedHydrogenfuelcellsareaammoniaiseasytokeep

throughrailsorwires;lighterchoicethanandtransport,butitis

otherscanbemadebatteriesfbrtnicks,buthardtoignite（点燃）and

electricinprettysimplemakinggreenhydrogenisrequiresanengine

ways.expensive.redesign.

Thisenergytransition（变革）isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergythe

worldwillneedis“alittlebitmind-blowing,“saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipke

attheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It*sestimatedthattheglobaldemand

fbrelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthat

renewablesareuptothetask.4€Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,

anditwillallgetused,"saysWipke.

1.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountfbrin

2018?

A.11.6%.B.45.1%.C.74.5%,D.86.1%.

2.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?

A.Planes.B.Trucks.C.Trains.D.Ships.

3.WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?

A.Limitingfuelconsumption.B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.

C.Improvingenergyefficiency.D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.

B

Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,a

strictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA's,andamodern-dayJulietwho

diedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,

试卷第2页，共12页

Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who'dcreatedthesepeople,knew

theirsubjectssowell.

Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:

“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfew

containedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis（论点）statement.Iwas

shocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhave

writtenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn't

strikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.

Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceona

health-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmore

interesting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbya

crentive-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofits

genre（体裁）andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudents

tookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthat

broadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.

Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansof

communication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportantto

me.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessages

aboutwriting'smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputus

inanother\skin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.

4.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?

A.Ninthgraders.B.Students,parents.

C.Modemwriters.D.Fictionalcharacters.

5.Whydidthesluduiilspcrfbnnpoorlyinwritingihuirfirstessay?

A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime.B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.

C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion.D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering“inparagraph3mean?

A.Mixed.B.Amazing.C.Similar.D.Disturbing.

7.Whatdoestheauthor'sexperienceshow?

试卷第3页，共12页

A.Teachingislearning.B.Stillwatersrundeep.

C.Knowledgeispower.D.Practicemakesperfect.

C

Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,

transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian（行人）mobility,especiallyamong

youngchildren.Manyparentssaythere'stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfbrtheir

childrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.

DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBrommelstroctarcbotheredby

factslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsand

TransformOurLives,theycallfbrarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinour

lives.

Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodswere

destroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Some

communitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedher

familytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofher

localpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,Jane

Jacobscalledonhermayor（市长）tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,

andnotjustrushthrough.SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960s

and1970saswell.

Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityof

thewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.The

numberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawcnowhaveover

twentyniilliuncarsforjusloverIwculy-sixinilliunpeople,ainungihuhighuslraleuf

carownershipintheworld.

Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusmshthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthe

truecosts.Dovvereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan't

movesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it's

timetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.

试卷第4页，共12页

8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?

A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.

C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.

9.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?

A.Keeptheircitieslivable.B.Promoteculturaldiversity.

C.Helptheneedyfamilies.D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.

10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand

1970s?

A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.

C.Theywongovernmentsupport.D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.WhytheRush?R,WhafsNext?

C.WheretoStay?D.WhotoBlame?

D

MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth

theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,

filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareeven

appearinginsidehumans.

Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantly

reducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap（水龙头）：boilingand

filtering（过滤）it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&

TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterfbrjustfive

niinulcs——thenfilteringitafteritcools——couldiciiiovualleast80percentofits

microplastics.

Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate

（碳酸钙）totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300

milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butin

sampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevel

ofplasticsbyjust25percent.Additionally,theresearchdidn'tincludealltypesof

试卷第5页，共12页

plastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes-polystyrene,polyethylene

andpolypropylene—andtheydidn'tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwater

suchasvinylchloride.

Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplastic

exposure-ataskthafsbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,

scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthan

originallythought.

Scientistsarestilltryingtodetenninehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—but

whattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwater

couldbeatooltolimitintake.4tThcwaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticswere

trappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,^^CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,an

environmentalengineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnot

involvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.uWeshouldbelookingintoupgrading

drinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.''

12.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?

A.Byquotinganexpert.B.Bydefiningaconcept.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byprovidingstatistics.

13.Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?

A.Thehardnessofwater.B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.

C.Thefrequencyoffiltering.D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.

14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?

A.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling.B.Theseverityofthemicroplastic

problem.

C.Thudangerinuvurusingpurewaler.D.ThudiCficullyintreatingpollulcdwaler.

15.WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay'ssuggestionabout?

A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.

C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.

试卷第6页，共12页

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12・5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两

项为多余选项。

AnUnsungHero

Needabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?The

CollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.16

CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethat

eachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetween

machinestomakethedrinks.17Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromher

hand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgetting

longer,shedoesn'tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.

Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogetto

workontime.【8"IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeefbrthestudents.I

knowtheyneeditinthemorning,“Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelped

herbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.

OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious（有感染力）and

canbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehaving

beforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeand

goestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.19"Catherinealwayshasahuge

smileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfiilmood,“Wrightsaid.

“Ienjoyworkinginthecafe,^Murphysaid.20Shehasevery

intentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.

A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.

B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.

C.Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.

D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.

E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.

F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.

G.Shehasservedherefbr17yearsandcan'timagineworkinganywhereelse.

试卷第7页，共12页

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

OneAugustafternoon,Isatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn'tseen

daylightsincemywedding.

MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusythe

belovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitems

fortheweweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwecould,andrenteda

placetooursupposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestillwith

thingsthat,whilenotparticularly,didn'tbelonginalandfill（垃圾填埋场）.

Ttookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,for$10.Acoupleofmessages

camein,onewantingadditional,anotheraskingfbrapricecut.Asour

daydrewnear,Isettledonanewprice（$0）andrepostedit.The:“Ihatethis

vase.Maybeyouwon'L'Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappily

withthevase.

,1postedmore.MydailypostsandtheIreceivedbecamea

preciousrayoflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto_

thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave.

Isitinmyapartmenttoday,lovingeachofthethatshareoursmall

space.Itakeinknowingthat,somewherenearby,someoneis

somethingthatcouldn'tcomewithus.

21.A.paintingoverB.lookingaroundC.emptyingout

D.pullingdown

22.A.hotelB.officeC.cottageD.apartment

23.A.storeB.displayC.sellD.repair

24.A.coveredB.decoratedC.stuffedD.equipped

25.A.conventionalB.valuableC.complicated

D.tolerable

试卷第8页，共12页

26.A.feesB.photosC.receiptsD.models

27.A.moveB.payC.marketD.work

28.A.warningB.requestc.descriptionD.reply

29.A.ConfusedB.Interestedc.DisappointedD.Encouraged

30.A.visitsB.reportsc.adviceD.money

31.A.removeB.sparec.findD.check

32.A.investigatedB.recognizedc.encounteredD.recommended

33.A.giveawaysB.postsc.contributionsD.belongings

34.A.joyB.partc.careD.time

35.A.anticipatingB.appreciatingc.deliveringD.withdrawing

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartwork

inspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,36originatedinChinamorethan4.000

yearsago.

Goisoneof37earliestbinarybased(基于二元的)games.The

movementsoftheblackandwhitepiecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophy,

accordingtoTuNingning,whoisinchargeoftheexhibition.

“TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cut:ing-edgetechnologyand

contemporaryart,“saysTu."Wehope38(present)theratherabstractGo

gameandAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptual

artandcxprcssiuiiisni.”

“InaGogame,eachmoveshouldservealong-termgoal.Youtrytoleadthe

opponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour'39(guide)ltillthey

lose,“explainsWangWei,aGoplayeramongthevisitorstotheexhibition.

“Theplayers'personalities40(reveal)duringthegame,andone's

weaknessesareexposedtotheopponent,“sheadds.UAdecentwinneralways41

试卷第9页，共12页

(try)tobeattheopponent42nomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿

态)ofrespectfbrtheotherside.”

Tusaysthatthebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthe_

43(strategy)placementofthepieces,44theenergyflowfollowing

eachmoveinspiredartiststocreateoilpaintings,sculptures,45(digital)

generatedpicturesandsilk-screenprintsfbrtheexhibition.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46.假定你是李华，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教Jenny提出“Funatmy

xchccl"和“GiwwhoIam”两个选项供大家选择c请给Jenny写一封邮件，闪容

包括：

(1)你的选择；

⑵说明理由。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为80个左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearJenny,

IreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.

Yours,

LiHua

试卷第10页，共12页

第二节(满分25分)

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

的短文。

MywifeandIwantedtoshareournewhomewithfamilyandfriendsbyhosting

asmallgatheringintheearlysummer.Shehadpreparedlotsofsnacks,whilemyjob

wastohavethebackyardinorder.

Therewasplentyofspacefbrthekidstorunandplay.Therewasjustonething

Ihadn'tcountedon:MybrotherchosetobringhisdogToby,a50-poundballoffire.

Thoughfriendly,hecouldeasilyknockovermyniece'ssmallboysandmy

six-month-oldgranddaughter.So,whenmybrothershowedup,Iaskedhimtowatch

Tobyandkeephimoutside.

Myplanwasworkingoutjustfine.Tohywasusinguphisenergybyrunning

backandforthinthebackyardandgivingthekidsplentyofroom.Unexpectedly,after

supper,theweatherchanged.Itstartedtorainandeveryonewentindoors.

Itwasanawkwardmoment.Ididn'twantTobytoberunningaroundinthe

house,andmybrotherwasn'thappywithdrivinghomewithawetdog.Eventually,

mybrotherdecidedtoleaveratherthanforcetheissue.

Afewdayspassed,andIhadn'theardanythingfrommybrother.Itextedhim

andexpressedwishesforhimtocomeoutagain.Hisreplycameasasurprise一a

shock,actually:"Notachance."Clearly,hewasunhappyoverthewaywehadparted.

Afterall,Ihadlefthimlittlechoice.Well,he'llgetoverit,Ireasoned.

Twomonthspassed.MywifesuggestedIgetintouchwithmybrother,butI

resisted,thinkingheshouldcallfirst.However,myconscience（良心）keptbothering

me.Itriedtopulmysulfinmybrothersshoes.Hewasfacinghcallhissuesandhis

wifeofthirty-fiveyearshadpassedawayafewmonthsearlier.Tobywashisconstant

companion,theonewhokepthimgoing.

注意:

⑴续写词数应为150个左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

1realizeditwasmewhowasatfault.

试卷第11页，共12页

Withthebiscuitsmywifehadmade,Iarrivedatmybrother'sdoor.

试卷第12页，共12页

答案解析

1.C2.C3.B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，

以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。

1.细节理解题。根据图表信息ROADVEHICLES部分中“ROAD（PASSENGER）45.1%（道

路（客运）45.1%）”以及“ROAD（GOODS）29.4%（道路（货运）29.4%）”可知，道路车辆总占比为

45.1%+29.4%=74.5%,即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrified

throughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.（一些列车已经通过轨

道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化）”可知，火车相较其

他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“"Wcneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyandit

willallgetused,"saysWipke.（Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会

被利用起来。可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。

故选B项。

4.D5.D6.B7.A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐

认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboy

whosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA's,andamodern-day

Julietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,

Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who'dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjects

sowell.（去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿

子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后

心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造「这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们

笔下的角色的）”可知，这旦提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创

造出来的虚构人物。故选D。

5.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfew

containedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis（论点）statement.Iwasshocked.ThenI

答案第1页，共II页

realizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessity

ofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn,tstrikethemasimportant.（大多数文章篇

幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目

本身。他们本可以就电脑H勺必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要）”可推

知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选Do

6.词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturned

instories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.（学

生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野,

也触动了我的心）”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现

形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing（惊人的）”

语义一致。故选B。

7.推理判断颍。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingis

importantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmore

importanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessages

aboutwriting'smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother's

skin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.（我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重

要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留

言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，

教会我们身为人类的真谛厂结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学

生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项

A4lTeachingislearning（教学相长）”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。

8.C9.A10.B11.A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下

降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼叮反思街道功能，重视城市

宜居性。

8.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoour

streetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian（行人）mobility,

especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere'stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheir

childrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.（虽然近年来我们的街道

可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤具是年轻儿童。许多家长

答案第2页，共11页

说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里）“可知，

作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。

9.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedher

familytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.

Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonher

mayor（市长）tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough."（及著

名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园

被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，JaneJacobs呼吁她的市长

捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”户可推知，加拿大记者和其他运

动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。

1（）.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,thereality

isthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotor

car.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.（尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大

多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加）“可推知，20

世纪60年代末和70年代噢大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。

11.旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrush

through,butwcfailtoaccountfbrthetruecosts.Dowcreallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasa

societywhenchildrencan'tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?（我们在帮助我们快速通过的

道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我

们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗）”可推知，本文批判城市过

度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象,A项“WhytheRush?（为何匆匆？户质问“rushthrough

（匆匆通行）”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题.故选A。

12.C13.A14.B15.D

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了项关丁减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑

料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤

可能会显著降低自来水中的微塑料含最。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了

一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮

用水处理厂以推广应用。

12.推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Microplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollution

acrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanic

答案第3页，共11页

rocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareeven

appearinginsidehumans.（微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在深海和喜

马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在

人类体内）”可推知，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。

13.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontaining

enoughcalciumcarbonate（碳酸钙）totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining

300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsamples

withlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25

percent.（至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来截留塑料。在这项研究中，

将含有30（）亳克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近9（）%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60亳

克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量）”可知，决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水

的硬度。故诜A。

14.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardfor

reducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydiffcult.Evenbottledwater,

scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginally

thought.（尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越

困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高山

10到1000倍.）”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性.故选

15.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“"Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticswere

trappedthroughtheboilingproces