2025-2026学年甘肃省陇南市西和县高一下学期5月期中英语试题 含答案

/2025-2026年西和县第二中学、第三中学、第四中学、西和成名高级中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷一、阅读理解CastlesinSwitzerlandSpiezCastleBuiltin933bytheKingofBurgundy,RudolphII,thecastleisnotjustahistoricalmonument(历史遗迹),butalsoalivelyculturalcenter.Thegardensarenowopentothepublicandthecastleroomsareusedforavarietyofevents,includingconferences,concerts,andexhibitions.Address:Schlossstrasse16,SpiezOpeninghours:Monday,14:00-17:00;Tuesday-Sunday,10:00-17:00Admission:Free(0-5);CHF5.00(6-16);CHF12.00(Adults)HüneggCastleBuiltbetween1861and1863,thecastleishometotheRenaissanceRevivalandArtNouveauMuseum.Thecastleoffersvisitorsauniqueopportunitytostepbackintimeandseehistorycometolife.Address:Staatstrasse52,HilterfingenOpeninghours:Mondayclosed;Tuesday-Saturday,14:00-17:00;Sunday,11:00-17:00Admission:Free(0-5);CHF5.00(6-16);CHF10.00(Adults)OberhofenCastleThecastlewasbuiltintheearly1200s.Itoffersauniquewindowintothebuildingstylesandlivingconditionsofthepast.In1952,itbecameapartoftheHistoricalMuseumofBern,andabranchwasopenedinthecastletwoyearslater.Address:Schloss4,OberhofenamThunerseeOpeninghours:Mondayclosed;Tuesday-Sunday,11:00-17:00Admission:Free(0-5);CHF6.00(6-16);CHF14.00(Adults)ThunCastleThecastledatesbacktothe12thcentury.AsaSwissheritagesiteofnationalsignificance,itoffersvisitorsauniqueopportunitytoexploreandunderstandtherichhistoryofSwitzerland.Address:Schlossberg1,ThunOpeninghours:Daily,10:00-17:30Admission:Free(0-5);CHF3.00(6-16);CHF10.00(Adults)1.Whereistheoldestofthefourcastles?A.Schlossberg1,Thun.B.Schlossstrasse16,Spiez.C.Staatstrasse52,Hilterfingen.D.Schloss4,OberhofenamThunersee.2.HowmuchshouldacouplepaytovisitabranchoftheHistoricalMuseumofBern?A.CHF12.00. B.CHF20.00.C.CHF24.00. D.CHF28.00.3.Whichcastleisopentovisitorsat11:00onMonday?A.ThunCastle. B.SpiezCastle.C.HüneggCastle. D.OberhofenCastle.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了瑞士四座城堡的基本信息、开放时间及门票价格。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SpiezCastle部分“Builtin933bytheKingofBurgundy,(由勃艮第国王于933年建造)”、HüneggCastle部分“Builtbetween1861and1863,(建于1861年至1863年之间)”、OberhofenCastle部分“Thecastlewasbuiltintheearly1200s.(这座城堡建于13世纪初)”以及ThunCastle部分“Thecastledatesbacktothe12thcentury.(这座城堡的历史可以追溯到12世纪)”可知，SpiezCastle建造于933年，是四座城堡中最古老的，根据其地址信息“Address:Schlossstrasse16,Spiez”可知，它位于Schlossstrasse16,Spiez。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OberhofenCastle部分“In1952,itbecameapartoftheHistoricalMuseumofBern,andabranchwasopenedinthecastletwoyearslater.(1952年，它成为伯尔尼历史博物馆的一部分，两年后在城堡开设了一个分馆)”以及“Admission:Free(0-5);CHF6.00(6-16);CHF14.00(Adults)(门票：0-5岁免费；6-16岁6瑞士法郎；成人14瑞士法郎)”可知，参观伯尔尼历史博物馆的分馆即参观奥伯霍芬城堡，成人门票为14瑞士法郎，因此一对夫妇需支付28瑞士法郎。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ThunCastle部分“Openinghours:Daily,10:00-17:30(营业时间：每日10:00-17:30)”可知，图恩城堡周一11:00对游客开放。故选A项。Mywifeisn’tacatperson.SowhenourdaughterFlorastartedaskingforacatseveralyearsago,mywifepolitelyrefusedherrequestsandwedidn’tgiveitasecondthought.Flora,thoughsharessomeofmywife’spersistence,soshecontinuedtoaskforacatrepeatedlyforseveralyears.Thenacoupleofthingshappenedthatmadeastakeacloserlookatthings.WhenwewenttoFlora’sparent-teacherconferences,theteacherfirsthandedusanessayabouthowmydaughterwantedacat,andthenanimaginarystoryaboutwhereshewouldliketogoonvacation:Catville.ItwasthenthatmywifeandIcametotherealizationthatourdaughterwasn’tjustmessingaroundhere.Anditwastimeforustobreakdown.Butbeforewebroughtournewcathome,mywifesternlywarnedusthatshewasnotgoingtobetheonetotakecareoforcleanupafterthecat.Florawasgoingtotakefullresponsibility.Fine,mydaughtersaid.WewelcomedourminifamilymemberintothehouserightaroundChristmas.WenamedherGoldy.Whenwegother,shepeedeverywhere.Butotherthanthat,shewasperfect.Mytough-talkingwifegraduallyfellinlovewithGoldy.AndGoldyfellinlovewithher.Ofcourse,it’snotjustmywifewholovesGoldy.Wealldo.Therearesomanythingsaboutthatcatthatabsolutelybrightenourlife,highlightedbyhowshenearlyburstswithaffection(喜爱)whenwecomehomeorwakeupinthemoning.FromthemomentGoldycameintoourhouse,itseemedunreasonablethatwedidn’thaveacatbeforethen.Weshouldhavesettleddowntothedecisionmuchearlier.4.Whatledthefamilytorethinkabouttheideaofkeepingacat?A.Theauthor’spromise. B.Theteacher’sadviceC.Thewife’sexpectation. D.Thedaughter’seffort.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sternly”meaninParagraph3?A.Serously. B.Curiously. C.Anxiously. D.Ambitiously.6.Whatkinadotpersonistheauthor’swife?A.Inspiringandpatient. B.Principledandkindhearted.C.Virtuousandtraditional. D.Positiveandprofessional.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AComfortingCat B.MyDetermineddaughterC.BestDecisionEver D.FamilyMeansEverything【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个小女孩成功说服父母，得偿所愿抚养了一只小猫的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WhenwewenttoFlora’sparent-teacherconferences,theteacherfirsthandedusanessayabouthowmydaughterwantedacat,andthenanimaginarystoryaboutwhereshewouldliketogoonvacation:Catville.(当我们去参加弗洛拉的家长会时，老师先给了我们一篇关于我女儿多么想要一只猫的文章，然后给了我们一个关于她想去哪里度假的虚构故事：卡维尔)”可知，女孩的坚持不懈的努力使得父母重新考虑养猫的事，故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“warnedusthatshewasnotgoingtobetheonetotakecareoforcleanupafterthecat.Florawasgoingtotakefullresponsibility.(她警告我们，她不会是那个照顾或清理猫的人。弗洛拉会承担全部责任)”以及第四段中的“Mytough-talkingwifegraduallyfellinlovewithGoldy.(我说话强硬的妻子渐渐爱上了戈尔迪)”可知，妻子刚开始强调自己坚决不碰猫，要女儿自己负责照顾猫，因此妻子的态度是坚定且严肃的。由此可知，划线词sternly与serously“严肃地”。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Florawasgoingtotakefullresponsibility.(弗洛拉会承担全部责任)”及第四段中的“Mytough-talkingwifegraduallyfellinlovewithGoldy.(我说话强硬的妻子渐渐爱上了戈尔迪)”可知，妻子在同意养猫时给女儿立下了规矩，在养猫后自己也爱上了小猫。由此推知，作者的妻子是有原则且有爱心的。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Weshouldhavesettleddowntothedecisionmuchearlier.(我们本应该更早地作出决定)”可知，一家人都爱上了这只小猫，并且后悔为何没有早一些将猫带回家。由此可知，C项“BestDecisionEver.(最好的决定)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。Breakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday,andhowitisservedmatters,too.Whenpeopledo,theytakemuchmorethantheyeat.Comparedwithorderingfromthemenu,buffetbreakfastswastemorefood—uptotwiceasmuch,accordingtoonestudy.Expertshavepuzzledforyearsoverhowtoencourageeaterstoshowalittlecontrol.Previousresearchhasfoundthatfactorswhichinfluencehowmuchendsupinthebinrangefromnationalitytothesizeoftheplates.Thepassive-aggressivesignsonsomebuffettablesaskinggueststotakeonlywhattheyknowtheywillpolishoffhavebeenshowntoincreasethepilesofleftovers.NowresearchersinNorwayandItalyhavecookedupanewidea.Theyhavebuiltavirtualbreakfastbuffetpopulatedwithvirtualguestsandareusingittofindthebeststrategiestomakebuffet-goersleavebehindfewerleftovers.Theteamsettledonfourmainmotivationsguidingtheirmodel’sbuffetgoers:peckishness(饥饿),thedesiretolivesustainably,socialpressureandself-control.Theythenoverlaidexternaldriversthatturnedthosemotivesintobehaviour.Thesealteredvariablessuchasthedurationofthebuffet,thesizeofplatesandthediversityoffoodonoffer.Theresultsuggestedthemostimportantinfluenceinlimitingwastewas,unsurprisingly,someone’sattitudetosustainability.Platesizewasthemostimportantoftheexternaldrivers:althoughthepeopleinthemodelwithbothsmallandlargeplateswentbackformore,thosewithsmallerplatestendedtofinishwhattheytook.Howlongguestswereallowedtostickaroundandwhatfoodtheycouldenjoyhadlessofanimpact.Hotelscouldusethevirtualbuffettominimisefoodwaste.Theycouldseewhathappensifplateswere20%smaller,forexample.Theycouldalsoworkoutexactlyhowthoseannoyingsignscouldberewrittentohavethemostusefuleffectgivenahotelier’stypicalcustomers.8.Whatistheproblemforbuffets?A.Offeringproperservice. B.Satisfyingeaters’tastes.C.Controllingportionsize. D.Adjustingeatingduration.9.Whataffectsbuffet-goersmostaccordingtothemodel?A.Peerpressure. B.Greenmindset. C.Platesize. D.Nationality.10.Howdoesthevirtualbuffetbenefithotels?A.Itenrichesthemenu. B.Itchangesservicehours.C.Itrearrangestablesigns. D.Itprovidespracticaldata.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AShiftinBreakfastBuffetHabits. B.VirtualModelLowersBreakfastWaste.C.LiveYourDaywithSustainableFood. D.AComputerModuleforBuffetBreakfasts.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【解析】【导语】主要探讨自助餐早餐食物浪费这一问题，专家多年来一直在寻找鼓励食客控制食量的方法，以往研究发现多种影响食物浪费的因素，但一些措施效果不佳。如今挪威和意大利的研究人员构建虚拟早餐自助餐模型，发现影响减少浪费的最重要因素是人们对可持续发展的态度，且模型能为酒店提供实用数据以减少食物浪费。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Comparedwithorderingfromthemenu,buffetbreakfastswastemorefood—uptotwiceasmuch,accordingtoonestudy.(一项研究表明，与从菜单点餐相比，自助早餐浪费的食物更多——多达两倍)”以及第二段“Expertshavepuzzledforyearsoverhowtoencourageeaterstoshowalittlecontrol.(多年来，专家们一直困惑于如何鼓励食客有所节制)”可知，自助餐面临的问题是难以控制食客的食物分量，导致浪费严重。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Theresultsuggestedthemostimportantinfluenceinlimitingwastewas,unsurprisingly,someone’sattitudetosustainability.(结果表明，不出所料，限制浪费的最重要影响因素是人们对可持续发展的态度)”可知，根据该模型，对自助餐食客影响最大的是他们对可持续发展的态度，即环保心态。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hotelscouldusethevirtualbuffettominimisefoodwaste.Theycouldseewhathappensifplateswere20%smaller,forexample.Theycouldalsoworkoutexactlyhowthoseannoyingsignscouldberewrittentohavethemostusefuleffectgivenahotelier’stypicalcustomers.(酒店可以利用这个虚拟自助餐模型来尽量减少食物浪费。例如，他们可以看到如果盘子小20%会发生什么。他们还可以根据酒店的典型顾客，准确计算出那些烦人的标识如何改写才能产生最有用的效果)”可知，虚拟自助餐模型能为酒店提供如盘子大小变化、标识改写等方面的实用数据，帮助酒店减少食物浪费。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章围绕自助餐食物浪费问题，介绍研究人员构建虚拟早餐自助餐模型，通过该模型发现影响减少浪费的因素，并为酒店提供减少食物浪费的实用数据，所以B选项“VirtualModelLowersBreakfastWaste(虚拟模型减少早餐浪费)”最能概括文章主旨,为最佳标题。SouthFlorida’scoastalseawalls,whichKeithVandeRiet,aprofessorattheUniversityofKansas,fittinglynamesthe“forgottenedge”,havelongposedaseverethreattomarineecosystems.Theseman-madeconcretestructures,originallybuilttoprotecthumanproperties,havereplacedthenaturallife-sustainingintertidal(潮间)zoneswithsmoothsingle-dimensionalsurfaces,significantlydestroyinghabitatsthatoncesupportedawealthofmarinecreatures.Asanarchitectandakeenfisherman,VandeRietobservedthatlarge-scaleseawallconstructionhadeliminatedwindingmangroveforestsandstreamsinthelife-richintertidalzone,whereoysters,crabsandfishoncethrived(繁荣).Marineorganisms,whichrelyongapsandholesforshelterandreproduction,findsuchsmoothstructurestotallyuninhabitable.Hewasdeeplyconcernedaboutthisissue.Drawingonnature’swisdom,VandeRietcreatedmangroveplantersaftercarefulresearchanddesign.Theseplantersareintentionallycutroughlytocopynaturaloysterbedsandmangroverootswhichprovideessentialhabitatformarinelife.Whenhungonotherwisefeaturelessseawalls,eachplantercanhousetwolivingmangrovetrees,creatingsmallbutvitalecosystemsthatsustainmarinespecies.In2023,VandeRiethadhisfirstsetofone-of-a-kindplantersinstalledonanewlybuiltseawallinaresidentialcanalinSouthFlorida.Theresultsexceededexpectations.Withinmonths,fish,oystersandothermarinelifeoccupiedthearea,turningthedead-endcanalintoathrivingcoastalecosystem.RachelGittman,acoastalecologist,warnsthatcopyingthecomplexityofnaturalhabitatsistoughyetacknowledgesthatVandeRiet’splantersoutperformconventionalseawallsbybalancinghumanneedsandmarinebiodiversity.Shenotesthatscalingupsuchinnovationsrequiressignificantpolicyadjustmentsfromnationalandlocalgovernments.12.WhydoesVandeRietcalltheseawalls“forgottenedge”?A.Torevealamarinepossibility. B.Tocriticizefaultyarchitecture.C.Toexposeignoredecologicalharm. D.Toemphasizegeographicallocation.13.WhatisthecoreconceptbehindVandeRiet’sdesign?A.Nature-basedhabitatrestoration. B.Harmonywithcoastalbeauty.C.Human-focusedlandscapeengineering. D.Survivalofthefittestinnature.14.HowdoVandeRiet’splantersmainlyfunction?A.Purifyingseawater. B.Establishingartificialnestingsites.C.Securingresidentialareas. D.Weakeningwaveforceonseawalls.15.WhatdoesGittmanthinkisamusttopromoteinnovationsliketheplanters?A.Richexperience. B.Publicparticipation.C.Officialinitiatives. D.Financialinvestment.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文通过介绍KeithVandeRiet设计的红树林种植器，说明基于自然智慧的创新设计可以有效修复被传统海堤破坏的海洋生态系统，并呼吁政府和政策层面的支持以推广此类解决方案。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“SouthFlorida’scoastalseawalls,whichKeithVandeRiet,aprofessorattheUniversityofKansas,fittinglynamesthe“forgottenedge”,havelongposedaseverethreattomarineecosystems.Theseman-madeconcretestructures,originallybuilttoprotecthumanproperties,havereplacedthenaturallife-sustainingintertidal(潮间)zoneswithsmoothsingle-dimensionalsurfaces,significantlydestroyinghabitatsthatoncesupportedawealthofmarinecreatures.(南佛罗里达沿海的海堤——堪萨斯大学教授KeithVandeRiet称之为“被遗忘的边缘”——长期以来对海洋生态系统构成了严重威胁。这些人造混凝土结构最初是为了保护人类财产而建造的，却用光滑的单维表面取代了原本维持生命的天然潮间带，严重破坏了曾经孕育丰富海洋生物的栖息地。)”可知，KeithVandeRiet称海堤为“被遗忘的边缘”，是因为这些结构长期对海洋生态系统造成严重威胁，破坏了原本丰富的栖息地，而这种生态危害一直被忽视。因此，他使用这一称呼是为了揭示被忽略的生态破坏。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Drawingonnature’swisdom,VandeRietcreatedmangroveplantersaftercarefulresearchanddesign.Theseplantersareintentionallycutroughlytocopynaturaloysterbedsandmangroverootswhichprovideessentialhabitatformarinelife.(借鉴自然的智慧，VandeRiet经过仔细的研究和设计，创造出了红树林种植器。这些种植器故意切割得粗糙，以模仿天然牡蛎床和红树林根系，为海洋生物提供必要的栖息地。)”可知，VandeRiet的设计核心是借鉴自然的智慧，通过模仿天然牡蛎床和红树林根系来恢复海洋生物的栖息地，这体现了基于自然的栖息地恢复理念。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Whenhungonotherwisefeaturelessseawalls,eachplantercanhousetwolivingmangrovetrees,creatingsmallbutvitalecosystemsthatsustainmarinespecies.(当挂在原本毫无特征的海堤上时，每个种植器可以容纳两棵活的红树林，形成微小但至关重要的生态系统，维持海洋物种的生存。)”可知，种植器的主要功能是在无特征的海堤上建立人工生态系统，为鱼类、牡蛎等海洋生物提供栖息和繁殖的场所，即人工巢位。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Shenotesthatscalingupsuchinnovationsrequiressignificantpolicyadjustmentsfromnationalandlocalgovernments.(她指出，要推广这类创新，需要国家和地方政府进行重大的政策调整。)”可知，Gittman认为，推广这类创新需要国家和地方政府的重大政策调整，即官方层面的行动。二、七选五DealingwithAppearanceAnxietyAppearanceanxietymeansworryingtoomuchabouthowyoulook,whichisespeciallycommonamongteenagers.____16____Forexample,spendinghourscheckingcarefullyeditedselfiesonsocialmediaorcomparingyourappearancewithothersoftenleadstonegativethoughts.Suchconstantworriesnotonlydamageself-confidencebutmayalsoleadtoavoidingsocialsituationslikeschooleventsorgroupactivities.Fortunately,therearewaystohandlethesefeelings.Thefirststepistopracticekindnesstowardyourself.Insteadofthinking“Myhairlooksmessy,”trysaying“Myhairprotectsmefromthesun.”____17____Also,writingdownthreethingsyourbodyhelpsyoudodaily(like“Myarmsletmehugmyfriends”)alsobuildslastingconfidence.Creativeactivitiesandsportsofferhealthywaystoshiftfocus.____18____Also,teamsportslikebasketballteachplayerstovalueskillsoverappearance,with72%ofplayersclaimingteamworkmakesthemvalueabilityoverappearance.Eveneasyactivitieslikewalkingcancalmyourmindbyproducingstress-relievingchemicals.____19____Choosefriendswhoavoidcommentsonlooksandjoinschoolclubsthatwelcomeeveryone.Adultsliketeacherscanteachhelpfultricks,likeusingappstorecordfeelingsorwaystostaypositive.Cuttingdowntimeonappsthatmakeyoucompareyourselfisanothersmartmove.Remember,truebeautyisn’taboutbeingperfectphysically.____20____Whenwecaremoreaboutbeingkindandbravethanlookingacertainway,westartseeingrealbeautyinwhopeopleare,notjusthowtheyappear.A.LimityourInternetexposure.B.Turntotrustedpeopleforhelp.C.Socialcomparisonisthemajorcause.D.Regularexerciseimprovesphysicalhealth.E.Suchchangesboosthowyouviewyourself.F.Itisaboutthespecialthingsthatmakeyou“you”.G.Paintinghelpsfocusoncreativityratherthanlooks.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何应对外貌焦虑的方法，包括自我关怀、参与创造性活动和运动、寻求信任的人帮助以及认识到真正的美在于内在特质。【16题详解】根据上文“Appearanceanxietymeansworryingtoomuchabouthowyoulook,whichisespeciallycommonamongteenagers.(外貌焦虑指的是过度担心自己的外表，这种情况在青少年中尤为常见。)”以及下文“Forexample,spendinghourscheckingcarefullyeditedselfiesonsocialmediaorcomparingyourappearancewithothersoftenleadstonegativethoughts.(例如，花几个小时在社交媒体上查看精心编辑的自拍照，或者将自己的外表与他人进行比较，往往会导致消极的想法。)”可知，上文说明了外貌焦虑的成因，下文具体举例说明了原因，即与他人进行比较，C选项“Socialcomparisonisthemajorcause.(社会比较是主要原因。)”承上启下，且其中“Socialcomparison”与下文“comparingyourappearancewithothers”相呼应。故选C项。【17题详解】根据上文“Thefirststepistopracticekindnesstowardyourself.Insteadofthinking“Myhairlooksmessy,”trysaying“Myhairprotectsmefromthesun.”(第一步是对自己友善。不要想“我的头发看起来很乱”，试着说“我的头发保护我免受阳光的伤害。”)”以及下文“Also,writingdownthreethingsyourbodyhelpsyoudodaily(like“Myarmsletmehugmyfriends”)alsobuildslastingconfidence.(此外，写下你的身体每天帮你做的三件事（比如“我的手臂让我能拥抱朋友”）也能建立持久的自信。)”可知，此处应说明这种思维转变的作用，E选项“Suchchangesboosthowyouviewyourself.(这样的改变会提升你对自己的看法。)”，中的“Suchchanges”指代上文从消极想法到积极想法的转变，且“boosthowyouviewyourself”与下文“buildslastingconfidence”相呼应。故选E项。【18题详解】根据上文“Creativeactivitiesandsportsofferhealthywaystoshiftfocus.(创造性活动和运动提供了转移注意力的健康方式。)”以及下文“Also,teamsportslikebasketballteachplayerstovalueskillsoverappearance,with72%ofplayersclaimingteamworkmakesthemvalueabilityoverappearance.(此外，像篮球这样的团队运动教会运动员重视技能而非外表，72%的运动员表示团队合作让他们更重视能力而非外表。)”可知，上文提出创造性活动和运动可以转移对外貌的注意力，下文举例说明了团队运动的作用，G选项“Paintinghelpsfocusoncreativityratherthanlooks.(绘画有助于关注创造力而非外表。)”，举例说明了创造性活动的作用，与上下文构成并列关系。故选G项。【19题详解】根据下文“Choosefriendswhoavoidcommentsonlooksandjoinschoolclubsthatwelcomeeveryone.Adultsliketeacherscanteachhelpfultricks,likeusingappstorecordfeelingsorwaystostaypositive.Cuttingdowntimeonappsthatmakeyoucompareyourselfisanothersmartmove.(选择那些避免评论外表的朋友，加入欢迎每个人的学校俱乐部。像老师这样的成年人可以教一些有用的技巧，比如使用应用程序记录感受或保持积极的方法。减少花在那些让你与人攀比的应用程序上的时间是另一个明智之举。)”可知，本段主要讲的是向信任的人求助、选择合适的社交圈以及减少不良信息影响等，B选项“Turntotrustedpeopleforhelp.(向信任的人寻求帮助。)”，概括了段落中关于朋友和老师的建议，可作为段落主旨句。故选B项。【20题详解】根据上文“Remember,truebeautyisn’taboutbeingperfectphysically.(记住，真正的美不在于外表的完美。)”以及下文“Whenwecaremoreaboutbeingkindandbravethanlookingacertainway,westartseeingrealbeautyinwhopeopleare,notjusthowtheyappear.(当我们更关心善良和勇敢，而不是外表时，我们开始看到人们真正的美丽，而不仅仅是他们的外表。)”可知，上文提出真正的美不在于外表的完美，下文进一步说明真正的美在于内在特质，F选项“Itisaboutthespecialthingsthatmakeyou“you”.(它是关于那些让你成为“你”的特殊品质。)”，承接上文，说明真正的美在于个人独特的内在特质，且与下文“beingkindandbrave”等内在品质相呼应，与上下文构成递进关系。故选F项。三、完形填空（15空）WyattSmuszko,ateenagerwithDownsyndrome(唐氏综合征),feltlonelyashegrew.Hismother,DeanneFrère,watchedwithaheavyheartbecausehisopportunitiestoconnectwiththeworld____21____.That’swhenDeanneandherson____22____anidea—astall(摊位)called“WildWildWyatt”andWyattbecame“theboss”ofhisownbusinesssellingsecond-handcowboyclothing.Soonthispop-upstallbecamehisunique____23____.“There,helearnedtolookcustomersintheeye,shakehands,andexplainthestorybehindeach____24____shirtandpairofboots.”recalledDeanne.Peopledidn’tjustbuy;they____25____.Theystoppedforawhile,chattingwithWyatt,knowingtheir____26____wasforalargercause.Wyatt’sstallsoonpiledupwithdonatedcowboyclothingfroma(n)____27____community.Aftertwosuccessfulyears,Wyatthadraisedanimpressive$5,000forcharity.Uponhisgraduation,he____28____thebusinessproudlytoSamanthaWebber,a15-year-oldwiththesamediseaseandafanofcowboyclothingwhohadonceboughtherfirstpairofcowboybootsfromhim.____29____,Samanthasteppedrightintotheroleofrunningthebusiness,whichsherenamed“StampedeSamantha’sCountrySparkle”.LikeWyatt,sheorganizednew____30____andplannedtodonateherprofitstocharity.WatchingSamanthagreetherfirstcustomer,Wyatt____31____.Forhim,thegreatest____32____wasn’tthemoneyraised,buttheconfidencegainedandthe____33____thathisideawoulddevelopinSamantha’shands.FromWyatt’sfirstbrave“____34____”toSamantha’ssuccessfultakeover,whatbeganasasolutiontoisolationblossomedintoa____35____ofkindness.21.A.surfaced B.faded C.multiplied D.changed22.A.ruledout B.struggledwith C.hitupon D.madeup23.A.laboratory B.classroom C.dorm D.office24.A.well-worn B.hard-won C.home-made D.custom-fit25.A.bargained B.compromised C.celebrated D.connected26.A.approval B.curiosity C.sacrifice D.purchase27.A.supportive B.energetic C.wealthy D.competitive28.A.narroweddown B.handedover C.showedoff D.broughtback29.A.Nervous B.Relieved C.Thrilled D.Hesitant30.A.sales B.talks C.games D.shows31.A.shouted B.bowed C.sighed D.smiled32.A.challenge B.secret C.reward D.idea33.A.proposal B.knowledge C.assumption D.lesson34.A.hello B.thanks C.no D.goodbye35.A.source B.word C.history D.chain【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述唐氏综合征少年怀亚特因孤独与母亲创办二手牛仔服饰摊位，学会交流并为慈善筹款5000美元。他毕业后将摊位传给同龄患者萨曼莎，这份善意与事业得以传承。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲德安妮·弗雷尔心情沉重地注视着他，因为儿子与外界接触的机会越来越少。A.surfaced浮出水面；B.faded逐渐消失，褪色；C.multiplied增加；D.changed改变。根据上文“feltlonelyashegrew”可知，指儿子因为患有唐氏综合征，与外界接触的机会越来越少。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时，黛安娜和她的儿子想到了一个主意——开一家名为“狂野的威亚特”的店铺，而威亚特则成为了自己二手牛仔服饰销售生意的“老板”。A.ruledout排除；B.struggledwith与……斗争；C.hitupon想到；D.madeup组成。根据后文“anidea—astallcalled“WildWildWyatt””可知，他们想到了开店的主意。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，这个临时搭建的摊位就成了他专属的教室。A.laboratory实验室；B.classroom教室；C.dorm宿舍；D.office办公室。根据后文“helearnedtolookcustomersintheeye,shakehands,andexplainthestory”可知，摊位成了儿子学习社交的地方，即教室。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在那里，他学会了要直视顾客的眼睛、握手，并且能够向他们详细讲述每一件破旧衬衫和每一双靴子背后的故事。”黛安回忆道。A.well-worn旧的；B.hard-won来之不易的；C.home-made自制的；D.custom-fit定制的。根据上文“sellingsecond-handcowboyclothing”可知，摊位出售二手物品，即讲述每一件破旧衬衫和每一双靴子背后的故事。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们不再只是购买商品，而是建立了联系。A.bargained讨价还价；B.compromised妥协；C.celebrated庆祝；D.connected连接。根据后文“Theystoppedforawhile,chattingwithWyatt”可知，顾客和儿子建立了联系。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们停了下来，与怀亚特交谈了一会儿，他们清楚这次购买是为了一个更大的目标。A.approval赞成；B.curiosity好奇心；C.sacrifice牺牲；D.purchase购买。呼应上文“Peopledidn’tjustbuy”指人们清楚这次购买是为了一个更大的目标。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怀亚特的摊位很快就堆满了来自一个支持他的社区捐赠的牛仔服饰。A.supportive支持的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.wealthy富有的；D.competitive竞争的。根据后文“Aftertwosuccessfulyears,Wyatthadraisedanimpressive$5,000forcharity.(经过两年的不懈努力，怀亚特为慈善事业筹集到了令人瞩目的5000美元善款)”可知，摊位筹集善款，堆满了来自一个支持他的社区捐赠的牛仔服饰。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：毕业后，他满怀自豪地将公司交给了萨曼莎·韦伯，萨曼莎今年15岁，患有同样的疾病，还喜欢牛仔服饰。她曾从他那里购买过自己的第一双牛仔靴。A.narroweddown缩小范围；B.handedover交给；C.showedoff炫耀；D.broughtback带回。根据后文“Samanthasteppedrightintotheroleofrunningthebusiness”可知，怀亚特满怀自豪地将公司交给了萨曼莎·韦伯，故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：兴奋不已的萨曼莎毫不犹豫地承担起了经营生意的重任，并将生意更名为“萨曼莎·斯塔姆佩的乡村闪耀”。A.Nervous紧张的；B.Relieved安慰的；C.Thrilled激动的；D.Hesitant犹豫的。根据后文“whichsherenamed“StampedeSamantha’sCountrySparkle””可知，给生意更名说明对经营生意兴奋不已。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：和怀亚特一样，她组织了新的销售活动，并计划将所得利润捐赠给慈善机构。A.sales销售；B.talks谈话；C.games游戏；D.shows展示。根据上文“hisownbusinesssellingsecond-handcowboyclothing”可知，摊位主要是销售二手物品，和怀亚特一样，她组织了新的销售活动，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着萨曼莎向她的第一位顾客打招呼，怀亚特露出了笑容。A.shouted叫喊；B.bowed鞠躬；C.sighed叹息；D.smiled微笑。根据上文“WatchingSamanthagreetherfirstcustomer,Wyatt”可知，怀亚特把生意交给了萨曼莎经营，所以看着萨曼莎向她的第一位顾客打招呼，怀亚特露出了笑容。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他而言，最大的收获并非筹集到的资金，而是所获得的信心，以及坚信自己的想法会在萨曼莎的手中得以发展。A.challenge挑战；B.secret秘密；C.reward奖励，收获；D.idea想法。根据上文“Aftertwosuccessfulyears,Wyatthadraisedanimpressive$5,000forcharity.(经过两年的不懈努力，怀亚特为慈善事业筹集到了令人瞩目的5000美元善款)”以及后文“wasn’tthemoneyraised”可知，对他而言，最大的收获并非筹集到的资金，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对怀亚特而言，最大的回报并非筹集到的资金，而是收获的自信，以及知晓自己的想法能在萨曼莎手中得以延续的欣慰。A.proposal提议；B.knowledge知道，知识；C.assumption假设；D.lesson课程。根据后文“thathisideawoulddevelopinSamantha’shands”可知，他知晓自己的想法能在萨曼莎手中得以延续。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从怀亚特那勇敢的“你好”到萨曼莎的成功接管，起初只是为解决孤独问题而采取的措施，最终却发展成了一个充满善意的“链条”。A.hello你好；B.thanks感谢；C.no不；D.goodbye再见。根据上文“feltlonelyashegrew”可知，摊位一开始是为了让怀亚特摆脱孤独，和人们建立联系，即从问候人们“你好”开始，故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从怀亚特那勇敢的“你好”到萨曼莎的成功接管，起初只是为解决孤独问题而采取的措施，最终却发展成了一个充满善意的“链条”。A.source来源；B.word单词；C.history历史；D.chain链条。根据上文“thebusinessproudlytoSamanthaWebber”以及“toSamantha’ssuccessfultakeover”可知，善举得到了传递，发展成了一个充满善意的“链条”。故选D。四、短文填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesescientistLuQi____36____(award)thetitleof2024ChampionsoftheEarthofScienceandInnovationbytheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP)forhiscontributionsto____37____(address)desertification(沙漠化),landdegradationanddroughtonlastTuesday.LuisthechiefscientistoftheChineseAcademyofForestryandfoundingpresidentoftheInstituteofGreatGreenWall.HeisthefirstChinese____38____hasbeenhonoredinthiscategory.AccordingtotheUNEP,Luhasplayedakeyroleincarryingouttheworld’slargestafforestation(造林)project____39____inestablishingexpertresearchnetworksandpartnerships.Thisawardisthehighest____40____(recognize)andgreatestencouragementforChina’sforestryandgrasslandefforts,especiallyforthescientistsandtechnologists____41____(devote)tosandcontrol.TheannualChampionsoftheEarthAward,theUN’shighestenvironmentalhonor,recognizespioneersmakingefforts____42____(protect)thepeopleandtheplanet.122recipients(接受者)oftheawardhavebeenhonoredforoutstandingandinspirationalenvironmentalleadership____43____2005.LusaidtheChampionsoftheEarthAwardwouldinspiremorescientistsandecologicalworkers,particularlyyoungergenerations,tocontribute____44____(active)toglobalenvironmentalprotectionandtheachievementoftheUN’s2030Goals.Lualsoexpressedadesiretoseemore____45____(effect)andadaptabledesertificationcontroltechnologiessharedgloballythroughinitiativessuchasChina’sBeltandRoadInitiativeandtheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative.【答案】36.wasawarded37.addressing38.that##who39.and40.recognition41.devoted42.toprotect43.since44.actively45.effective【解析】【导语】本文是一