2025-2026学年河南郑州市十校下学期期中考试高一英语试题 含答案

/高一英语考试时间：120分钟分值：150分第一部分：听力（满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.HowdidMissJonesknowaboutthejob?A.Fromherfriend.B.Fromanewspaper.C.Fromawebsite.2.Whywillthewomanbuythewhitecar?A.Itsappearanceiscool.B.It’smorecomfortable.C.Itdoesn’tusemuchgas.3.WhatwasNinadoingatninethismorning?A.Talkingwithpeople.B.Makingacall.C.Readingabook.4.WhatdoesJackplantodoonholiday?A.Gohikinginthemountains.B.Visitsomeplacesofinterest.C.Stayathomeforrelaxation.5.WhatdidEmilybuyintheshoppingcenter?A.Apieceofclothing.B.Acontainermadeofwood.C.Acoveringusedtoprotectthings.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhydoesthemanwanttoworkatCampElizabeth?A.Heknowssomepeoplethere.B.Peoplethinkhighlyofit.C.Itoffersagoodsalary.7.Whatdoesthemancareabout?A.Theworkmates.B.Thecampingsite.C.Theaccommodation.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomanrefusetogotoagym?A.Shethinksitcostly.B.Sheistoobusytogothere.C.Shedislikesexercisingwithothers.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sexerciseplan?A.Unwise.B.Funny.C.Practical.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Buynewclothes.B.Walkinthepark.C.Gotoworkbybike.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdidtheman’sparentsstophimfromdoing?A.Eatingtoomuch.B.Usingdirtyhandstoeatfood.C.Swallowingfoodquickly.12.Whatdidthewoman’smotherscareherwith?A.Beingsenttotheprison.B.Beinginfectedbybacteria.C.Beingtakenawaybyamonster.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermother’slie?A.Understandable.B.Meaningless.C.Funny.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whodidthewomanmakeadealwith?A.Herfather.B.Herteacher.C.Herfriend.15.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Volunteeratschool.B.Startlookingforajob.C.Domorehousework.16.Whyhasthewomandecidedtochangeherlife?A.Tobecomeorganized.B.Toactmorelikeanadult.C.Tohavemoretimetoherself.17.Whatwillthewomanbesavingmoneyfor?A.Aphone.B.Acomputer.C.Acar.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdidRosemary’sfatherdothatday?A.Hewentouttolookforhiswife.B.Hepreparedmealsforhisparents.C.Hetookhiswifetothehospital.19.WhathappenedtoRosemary?A.Shelostherparents.B.Shelostherhands.C.Shelostherlegs.20.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeRosemary?A.Dependent.B.Beautiful.C.Independent.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四选项中，选出最佳选项。AAsiaoffersawiderangeofmarathoneventsacrossdifferentcountriesandregions.Theseracesareheldinurbancentersaswellasinareasofculturalandnaturalsignificance.Coursesvaryindifficultyandgroundconditions,allowingrunnerstochoosebetweenflatterroutesandmoredemandingones.Withmultipledistanceoptionsavailable,participantscanchooseeventsbasedontheirexperiencelevelsandpersonalgoals.MarathonTime(2026)TypePrice(EUR)CourseProfileTheGreatWallofChinaMarathon25OctMarathon204Rolling10km5kmAlmatyMarathon27SepMarathon45RollingHalfmarathon3510kmCappadociaMarathonTurkey8NovMarathon36Hilly20km10kmSongkhlaMarathon22-23AugMarathon38Flat10km225km17ThingsToThinkAbout·Registerbeforetheevent.·Knowthelocalweather,soyoucantrainanddressappropriately.·Makesurethatyouaremakingaccommodationsthroughreputablesitesfortravel.·Don’tunderestimatehowthedifferenceinaltitude(海拔)ortemperaturewillaffectyourrunning.Readupandtraintomakeittothefinishline.1.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceanewmarathonplan.B.TocompareAsianmarathoncourses.C.TocallforparticipationinAsianmarathons.D.ToprovideinformationaboutAsianmarathons.2.Whichmarathonofferstheshortestracewithmoredemandingroutes?A.AlmatyMarathon. B.TheGreatWallofChinaMarathon.C.SongkhlaMarathon. D.CappadociaMarathonTurkey.3.Whatarerunnersrecommendedtodobeforeparticipation?A.Bookhotelsfromtrustedwebsites.B.Applyforadiscountedentryfee.C.Emailtheregistrationbeforethedeadline.D.Trainundertheguidanceofprofessionals.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了亚洲多场马拉松的相关信息及参赛注意事项。【1题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，第一段介绍了亚洲马拉松的整体情况“Asiaoffersawiderangeofmarathoneventsacrossdifferentcountriesandregions.Theseracesareheldinurbancentersaswellasinareasofculturalandnaturalsignificance.(亚洲在不同国家和地区举办各种各样的马拉松赛事，这些赛事既有在城市中心举办的，也有在具有文化和自然意义的地区举办的)”，表格列出了四场马拉松的具体信息，最后给出参赛注意事项，可知本文旨在提供亚洲马拉松的相关信息。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据表格信息，demandingroutes对应表格中“Rolling(起伏的)”或“Hilly(多山的)”，shortestrace指最短距离赛事(5km)。对比四场马拉松：TheGreatWallofChinaMarathon有5km项目且赛道为Rolling(起伏的)，AlmatyMarathon、CappadociaMarathonTurkey无5km项目，SongkhlaMarathon5km项目赛道为Flat(平坦的)，符合“最短赛事+更具挑战性赛道”的是TheGreatWallofChinaMarathon。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ThingsToThinkAbout中“Makesurethatyouaremakingaccommodationsthroughreputablesitesfortravel.(确保你通过信誉良好的旅游网站预订住宿)”可知，建议参赛者在参赛前从可信的网站预订酒店。故选A。BA24-year-oldfemalespacecommanderhasbecomeaviralsensationonChinesesocialmediaforherwork.ZhouChengyuwasinchargeoftherocketconnectorsystemdescribedasavitalrole.Herstoryinparticularhasdrawnthepublic’sattentiongivenheryoungage.Socialmediausershavebeencelebratingherbrillianceandreferringtoherasprideofthecountry.Beingtheyoungestoftheteam,ZhouChengyuwasbornin1996intheprovinceofGuizhou.Sheiscertainlynot“old”enoughcomparedwithhercolleagues,butsheisknownatworkas"BigSister”asasignofrespect.Onceina3-kmrunningcontest,sheactuallybeathalfofhermalecounterparts.AlthoughworkshiftsarenotuncommonattheWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSite,eachshiftrequirestremendouscouragebecauseofthedifferentbackgroundknowledge.However,forZhouChengyu,sheexperiencedmultiplepositionsin5launchingtestsandnowsheistheyoungestcommanderatthesite.Despitecarefulnessandhighresponsibilityatwork,sheisjustlikeherpeersinnormallife.Eatingsnacksandshoppingareherfavoritefree-timeactivities.Herhighschoolteacherremembersherastoughanddetermined.“Shealwayshadadreamofbecomingscientist,”saidherphysicsteacher.Accordingtohercolleague,ZhouChengyuwasverysurprisedwhenshefoundoutshewentviralonline.Shesaidthatshewashappywhenshesawpeopleonlineregardingherastheprideofthecountry,andyetshekeptsayingthatshewas“nobodybutnormalworkeratalaunchsite”andtherearealotmorepeoplejustlikehergoingunnoticedwhiledoingthehardestjobtoguaranteeabetterfuturefortheChinesespaceprogram.Shealsosaidthatshewishedtoremainhercurrentstatusandcontinuedoingherworkwithorwithoutthepopularity.4.WhatmakesZhouChengyutheprideofthecountry?A.Heryoungage. B.Hervitalroleinherwork.C.Hergreatcourage. D.Herresponsibilityatwork.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeZhouChengyu?A.Learnedandconfident. B.Respectableandgenerous.C.Patientandresponsible. D.Modestanddetermined.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordsinparagraph5?A.tookpride B.madeacontributionC.becameahit D.madeanachievement7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AYoungPride B.ASuccessfulColleagueC.AnExtraordinaryDream D.AnAmbitiousCommander【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名24岁的女太空指挥官因其出色的工作在中国社交媒体上走红的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“ZhouChengyuwasinchargeoftherocketconnectorsystem-describedasavitalrole.Herstoryinparticularhasdrawnthepublic’sattentiongivenheryoungage.(周承钰负责的火箭连接系统被描述为一个至关重要的角色。考虑到她还很年轻，她的故事尤其吸引了公众的注意)可知，周承钰成为国家的骄傲是因为她是最年轻的负责火箭连接系统的指挥官，担任着重要角色。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“Herhighschoolteacherremembersherastoughanddetermined.“Shealwayshadadreamofbecomingscientist,”saidherphysicsteacher.(在她的高中老师的印象中，她是一个坚强而坚定的人。“她一直梦想成为一名科学家，”她的物理老师说)”可知，周承钰是一个非常坚定的人，再根据最后一段她对自己评价的内容“andyetshekeptsayingthatshewas“nobodybutnormalworkeratalaunchsite”（但她一直说自己“只是发射场的普通工人”）”可知，周承钰是一个非常谦虚的人。综上，周承钰是一个坚定且谦虚的人。故选D项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“Shealsosaidthatshewishedtoremainhercurrentstatusandcontinuedoingherworkwithorwithoutthepopularity.（她还说，她希望保持目前的位置，继续做她的工作，无论是否受欢迎）”可知，周承钰在网络上受到了大家的欢迎。由此可知，划线词所在句子“Accordingtohercolleague,ZhouChengyuwasverysurprisedwhenshefoundoutshewentviralonline.”意为：据她的同事说，当周承钰发现自己在网上走红时，她感到非常惊讶。即划线词意为“走红”，与becameahit同义。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的“Socialmediausershavebeencelebratingherbrillianceandreferringtoherasprideofthecountry.(社交媒体用户一直在颂扬她的才华，称她为整个国家的骄傲)”以及全文都在叙述有关她是祖国骄傲的事迹，可知A选项“年轻的骄傲”最适合作本文标题，故选A项。CVirtue,bydefinition,isthemoralexcellenceofaperson.Morallyexcellentpeoplehaveacharactermadeupofvirtuesvaluedasgood.Theyarehonest,respectful,courageous,forgivingandkind,forexample.Theydotherightthing,anddon’tbendtoimpulses,urgesordesires,butactaccordingtovaluesandprinciples.Somemightsaygoodqualitiesareinborn.Actually,virtuesneedtobecultivated(培养).Withthehabitofbeingvirtuous,wecantakecontrolofourlivesandmovetheminthedirectionofgreaterhappinessandfulfillment.Virtuesareuniversalandrecognizedbyallculturesasbasicqualitiesofwell-being.However,practicingvirtuesisnoteasy.Sooftenweknowthatittakesperseverancetoreachourgoals,andwestillnevergetthere.Weknowifweforgive,we’llbelessangry.Weknowittakescouragetoaccomplishgreatthings.Sowhythen,ifweknowwhattodo,arewestillstuck?Becausewehavenotyetconsciouslyappliedavirtuetoagivensituationsoastochangeitsoutcomesuchasintheseexamples:kindnesstowardssomeonewhoishavingabaddaycanmakehimorhersmileandbuildacloserelationship;trustinarelationshipcreatesvaluable,meaningfulrelationships;gratitudeinajoblosscanshiftourfocusfromfeelinglowtohowwecanhaveanew,morefulfillingcareer;servicetootherscanchangelives,betterneighborhoodsandcreatestrongernations.Weknowwearebecomingmorevirtuouspeople,notonlybecauseoftheresultsabovebutalsobecauseofthewayotherpeoplerespondtous.Ourfriends,families,co-workers,andneighborswilltrustandrelyonus.Theywillcometousforguidanceandhelp.Theywillwanttobearoundusbecauseweinspirethemtobebetterpeople.Practicingvirtuesallowsustodevelopourpotential,andliveamorepurposeful,betterlife.8.WhatcanweknowaboutvirtuouspeoplefromParagraph1?A.Theyarebornwithvirtues. B.Theynevermakeamistake.C.Theyhaveahabitofdoinggood. D.Theyactontheprincipleofprofit.9.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Satisfyingcareer. B.Practicingvirtues.C.Trustinarelationship. D.Basicqualitiesofwell-being.10.WhatcanweinferfromtheexamplesgiveninParagraph3?A.Virtuesonlyworkinpersonalrelationships.B.Beinggratefulalwaysleadstoabetterjobquickly.C.Kindnessisthemostusefulvirtueindealingwithbadmoods.D.Applyingvirtuesproperlycanchangeasituationforthebetter.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinthelastparagraph?A.Toencouragereaderstobemorevirtuous. B.Toencouragereaderstoliveapurposefullife.C.Toencouragereaderstoofferothersguidance. D.Toencouragereaderstodevelopothers’potential.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】文章主要介绍了美德的含义、培养美德的重要性，以及如何在生活中运用美德来改善处境和提升幸福感。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Morallyexcellentpeoplehaveacharactermadeupofvirtuesvaluedasgood.Theyarehonest,respectful,courageous,forgivingandkind,forexample.Theydotherightthing,anddon’tbendtoimpulses,urgesordesires,butactaccordingtovaluesandprinciples.(道德卓越的人，其品格由被视为善的种种美德构成。例如，他们诚实、尊重他人、勇敢、宽容且善良。他们做正确的事，不屈服于冲动或欲望，而是依照价值观和原则行事)”可知，有美德的人，其品格由被视为善的种种美德构成，他们诚实、尊重他人、勇敢、宽容且善良。由此推知，他们会有行善的习惯。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Virtuesareuniversalandrecognizedbyallculturesasbasicqualitiesofwell-being.However,practicingvirtuesisnoteasy.Sooftenweknowthatittakesperseverancetoreachourgoals,andwestillnevergetthere.Weknowifweforgive,we’llbelessangry.Weknowittakescouragetoaccomplishgreatthings.Sowhythen,ifweknowwhattodo,arewestillstuck?(美德是普世的，被所有文化公认为幸福的基本品质。然而，践行美德并非易事。我们常常知道，需要坚持不懈才能达到目标，却仍旧无法企及。我们知道，如果能宽恕，愤怒就会减少。我们知道，成就伟业需要勇气。那么，如果我们知道该做什么，为何还会停滞不前呢？)”可知，本段主要讨论的是践行美德面临困难。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Becausewehavenotyetconsciouslyappliedavirtuetoagivensituationsoastochangeitsoutcomesuchasintheseexamples:kindnesstowardssomeonewhoishavingabaddaycanmakehimorhersmileandbuildacloserelationship;trustinarelationshipcreatesvaluable,meaningfulrelationships;gratitudeinajoblosscanshiftourfocusfromfeelinglowtohowwecanhaveanew,morefulfillingcareer;servicetootherscanchangelives,betterneighborhoodsandcreatestrongernations.(因为我们尚未有意识地将某种美德运用于特定情境中以改变其结果，例如：对心情不佳的人施以善意，可以使其展露笑颜，并建立亲密的关系；在关系中投入信任，能创造宝贵而有意义的联结；面对失业时心怀感激，能将我们的关注点从情绪低落转向如何开启一份更充实的新事业；服务他人能够改变生命、改善社区，并建设更强大的国家)”可知，段中这些例子说明恰当地运用美德可以改变结果，可以让情况变得更好。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Weknowwearebecomingmorevirtuouspeople,notonlybecauseoftheresultsabovebutalsobecauseofthewayotherpeoplerespondtous.Ourfriends,families,co-workers,andneighborswilltrustandrelyonus.Theywillcometousforguidanceandhelp.Theywillwanttobearoundusbecauseweinspirethemtobebetterpeople.(我们知道我们正在成为更有美德的人，不仅因为上述结果，还因为他人对我们的回应方式。我们的朋友、家人、同事和邻居会信任并依赖我们。他们会来向我们寻求指导和帮助。他们会想要和我们在一起，因为我们激励他们成为更好的人)”可知，作者通过描述变得有美德后他人会如何积极回应，旨在鼓励读者成为更有美德的人。DTheUnitedStatesisacountryofimmigrants.Itisaplacewherepeoplefromallovertheworldcometobuildabetterlife.Someimmigrantsbringtheirfamilies.Somebringafewoftheirfavoritethings.Otherscomealonewithnothingbutdetermination.Onethingthateveryimmigrantbringswiththemistheirculture.Americanimmigrationbeganin1607withthecolony(殖民地)ofJamestown.In1620,anothergroupofpeopleleftEnglandtobuildasettlementinAmerica.Theywantedtogotoaplacewheretheycouldpracticetheirreligionfreely.ThenmanymorepeoplelefttheirhomesinEuropetobuildabetterlifeinAmerica.ManyalsocametoAmericafromAfrica.By1770,morethantwomillionpeoplehadmovedtoAmerica.Lateron,morepeoplecametotheUnitedStatesthaneverbefore.IncitiesalloverAmerica,youcanseedifferentculturesthatformedthiscountry.Manythingsthatyoumaythinkofasbeing“American”areactuallyfromaforeignculture.Someofthebestexamplesofthisarethefoodspeopleeat.PizzaandspaghettiarefoodsthatallAmericansknowandlove.ButbothofthemarefromItaly.Baseballisanall-Americansport.ButthehotdogsthatpeopleeatduringthegameareatypeoffoodthatwasbroughttoAmericabyGermanimmigrants.Overtime,pizzaandhotdogshavebecomeapartofwhatisconsideredtobeAmericanfood.Inthesameway,differentgroupsofpeoplehavecometogethertodefinewhatanAmericanis.AnAmericancanbeapersonofanybackground.AnAmericancanbeofanyfaith.AnAmericancanbeofanyskincolor.TheycanspeakEnglishclearly.TheycanspeakEnglishwithanaccent.EachnewimmigrantaddssomethingnewtoAmericanculture.Itwillkeepchangingasmorepeoplecometothiscountry.12.Paragraph2ismainlyabout_____.A.thehistoryofAmericanimmigrationB.whypeoplechosetomovetoAmericaC.therapidgrowthofthepopulationofAmericaD.whatimmigrantshavebroughttoAmerica13.Severalfoodsarementionedinthetexttoshow_____.A.theyhavealonghistoryinAmericaB.theyareverypopularwithAmericansC.AmericaisacountryfulloftastyfoodsD.Americaismadeupofdifferentcultures14.TheauthorprobablyagreesthatAmericancultureis_____.A.simple B.strangeC.diverse D.advanced15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ImmigrantsandtheirAmericandreamsB.America:ameltingpotofculturesC.America:alandofopportunityD.LifeintheUS:cultureshock【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是美国是一个民族大熔炉，因为有许多不同的移民，所以美国有很多不同的文化。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Americanimmigrationbeganin1607withthecolonyofJamestown.(美国移民始于1607年的詹姆斯敦殖民地。)”以及下文按时间点的描述可知第二段主要讲的是美国移民的历史，故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“IncitiesalloverAmerica,youcanseedifferentculturesthatformedthiscountry.Manythingsthatyoumaythinkofasbeing“American”areactuallyfromaforeignculture.Someofthebestexamplesofthisarethefoodspeopleeat.(在美国各地的城市，你可以看到形成这个国家的不同文化。许多你可能认为是“美国”的东西实际上来自外国文化。最好的例子就是人们吃的食物。)”可知文章中提到了几种食物来展示美国由不同的文化组成，故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Onethingthateveryimmigrantbringswiththemistheirculture.(每个移民带来的一样东西就是他们的文化。)”可知作者可能同意美国文化是多样化的。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“TheUnitedStatesisacountryofimmigrants.Itisaplacewherepeoplefromallovertheworldcometobuildabetterlife.Someimmigrantsbringtheirfamilies.Somebringafewoftheirfavoritethings.Otherscomealonewithnothingbutdetermination.Onethingthateveryimmigrantbringswiththemistheirculture.(美国是一个移民国家。这是一个世界各地的人们为建设美好生活而来的地方。一些移民带来了他们的家人。有些人会带一些他们最喜欢的东西。还有一些人只带着决心独自来到这里。每个移民带来的一样东西就是他们的文化。)”可知本文主要是讲美国是一个民族大熔炉，因为有许多不同的移民，所以美国有很多不同的文化，因此最好的题目是B选项“America:ameltingpotofcultures(美国：一个文化的大熔炉)”，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Studyingforexamslonghoursorrepeatedexposuretoastressfulsituationmayleadtoburnout(过度劳累).Sufferingfromburnoutcanresultinareductioninourcreativityandproductivity.Whatcanwedotoavoidthebadeffectsofburnout?Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyou.Increaseyourself-efficacy(自我效能).___16___Itcanhelpyouformafeelingthatthetaskisachievableandlesstiring.Aneffectivewayistofollowaself-efficacymodel.Simplyobserveafriendaccomplishsomethingmeaningful.Hecanhaveapositiveeffectonyouandmakeyouremainoptimisticandconfidentinyourabilities.___17___Noteveryonehascreativeaspectstotheirjobs,andtherefore,youneedtofindotherapproachestoshowingyourself.Youcouldpaint,writeortakepartinlocaltheater.Allofthesemayhelpgetyououtoftheextremestressthatmayexistinyourworkinglife.Lookafteryourselfandyoursurroundings.Theconsequenceisthatyouaresurroundedbyacleanerandmorepositiveenvironment.___18___Haveapositivementalattitudetowardseverythingyoudo,andyou’llfeelthetaskislessstressful.Youmayfeelmorecapableaswell.Scheduleregularsocialactivities.___19___Youwereactiveandyouhadfunwhenyouwatchedmoviesandatemealstogether.Youcanregainsomeofthatenjoyableexperiencebyschedulingregularactivities.___20___A.Findwaystoexpressyourcreativesides.B.Trydifferenttypesofactivitiestokeepthingsfresh.C.Rememberwhenyouusedtospendtimewithfriends?D.Acyclingwithyourpartnereverydaywilldojustfine.E.Thisinturnmakesyouhavehealthyandpositivethoughts.F.Creativitycanreduceanxietyandhelpyoumakebetterchoices.G.Thismeansyoushouldbelieveinyourabilitytocompleteataskathand.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.C20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了长时间学习备考或反复处于压力环境下可能导致过度劳累，进而影响创造力和工作效率，并提供了避免过度劳累不良影响的建议。【16题详解】上文提到“Increaseyourself-efficacy(自我效能).(提高你的自我效能)”说明提高自我效能对于避免过度劳累很重要。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明提高自我效能的具体含义。所以G项“这意味着你应该相信自己有能力完成手头的任务。”符合语境。This指代上文的“Increaseyourself-efficacy(自我效能)”，而“believeinyourabilitytocompleteataskathand”对应“self-efficacy”。故选G。【17题详解】下文“Noteveryonehascreativeaspectstotheirjobs,andtherefore,youneedtofindotherapproachestoshowingyourself.Youcouldpaint,writeortakepartinlocalChinesefestivals.(并非每个人的工作都有创造性的一面，因此，你需要找到其他展示自我的方式。你可以画画、写作，或者参加当地的中国节日活动)”说明需要找到其他方法来展示自己的创造性。空处和后文为总分关系，说明要找到表达自己创造性方面的方式。所以A项“找到表达你创造性方面的方法。”符合语境。“Findwaystoexpressyourcreativesides”统领后文的具体活动，“creativesides”和后文“creativeaspects”相呼应。故选A。【18题详解】上文“Lookafteryourselfandyoursurroundings.Theconsequenceisthatyouaresurroundedbyacleanerandmorepositiveenvironment.(照顾好自己和周围的环境。结果是，你被一个更干净、更积极的环境所包围)”说明照顾好自己和周围环境会让自己处于更积极的环境中。空处和前文为因果关系，说明处于积极环境会带来的结果。所以E项“这反过来会让你有健康积极的想法。”符合语境。This指代上文“youaresurroundedbyacleanerandmorepositiveenvironment”，“havehealthyandpositivethoughts”是处于积极环境的结果。故选E。【19题详解】下文“Youwereactiveandyouhadfunwhenyouwatchedmoviesandatemealstogether.(你们一起看电影、吃饭的时候很活跃，也很开心)”说明过去和朋友一起的时光很快乐。空处和下文为顺接关系，用疑问句引出对过去和朋友一起时光的回忆。所以C项“还记得你过去和朋友一起度过的时光吗？”符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】上文“Scheduleregularsocialactivities.Youwereactiveandyouhadfunwhenyouusedtowatchmoviesandeatmealstogether.Youcanregainsomeofthatenjoyableexperiencebyschedulingregularactivities.(安排定期的社交活动。过去你们一起看电影、一起吃饭的时候，大家都很活跃，也玩得很开心。你可以通过安排定期的活动来重新获得一些那样愉快的体验)”说明安排定期社交活动能重新获得愉快体验。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明具体的社交活动。所以D项“每天和你的伙伴一起骑自行车就很好。”符合语境。“Acyclingwithyourpartnereveryday”是对“Scheduleregularsocialactivities”的举例说明。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Afterpackingsomenaanbreadandawaterbottle,twofieldconservators,ShanZhizhengandhiswifestartuptheirmotorcycleandheadofftoaculturalrelicsitefromWenquanCounty.Knownas“amuseumwithoutwalls”,WenquanCountyishometo____21____260culturalrelicsites.

Shanandhiswife,Yuan,are____22____foroneparticularrelicsitethatspansabouteightsquarekilometers.Onceaweek,thecouplepatrolover200ancienttombs____23____tobetweentheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC)andtheHanDynasty(202BC-220AD).

Shanhasbeenassignedasafield____24____forfiveyears.However,his____25____withculturalrelicsgoesbackmuchfurther.In1999,quite____26____,Shanfoundtwomillstonesinafieldbuthedidn’t____27____theywereculturalrelics.Shanlaterfoundseveralotherculturalrelicsand____28____themhome.In2008,themillstoneswere____29____abouttheSpringandAutumn(770-476BC)ortheWarringStatesperiods.

AlthoughShantakesdelightinhisdailywork,therearestillmany____30____.Sometimes,thehusband-and-wifeteamhastotrekthroughvalleysandriversastheir____31____can’tcopewiththesteeperslopes.____32____,nodifficultieshaveweakenedhisloveforculturalrelicpreservation.

“OnMay18,2018,I____33____rockpaintingsinmypatrolareaforthefirsttime.Thirteengoatswere____34____onalargeblackrockatthetopofaslope,”hesays,addingthediscoverygavehimasenseof____35____.21.A.simply B.completely C.typically D.nearly22.A.eager B.creative C.responsible D.grateful23.A.givingway B.datingback C.lookingup D.comingup24.A.researcher B.professional C.photographer D.conservator25.A.bond B.balance C.sense D.barrier26.A.withease B.bychance C.onpurpose D.incase27.A.ignore B.issue C.document D.know28.A.discovered B.limited C.placed D.donated29.A.appreciated B.dated C.advertised D.contrasted30.A.examples B.clues C.advantages D.challenges31.A.bicycle B.motorcycle C.car D.truck32.A.However B.Thus C.Naturally D.Otherwise33.A.admired B.promoted C.explored D.found34.A.established B.painted C.decorated D.processed35.A.accomplishment B.direction C.quality D.responsibility【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.D28.C29.B30.D31.B32.A33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述文物保护员夫妇坚守岗位守护古迹的故事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：温泉县被称为“没有围墙的博物馆”，拥有近260处文物遗址。A.simply简单地；B.completely完全地；C.typically典型地；D.nearly几乎，差不多。根据后文“260culturalrelicsites”可知，此处表示数量接近260处。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：单志政和他的妻子袁负责一个占地约8平方公里的特定文物遗址。A.eager渴望的；B.creative有创造力的；C.responsible负责的；D.grateful感激的。根据后文“foroneparticularrelicsite”可知，此处指单志政和他的妻子负责一个文物遗址，beresponsiblefor为固定搭配，意为“对……负责”。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这对夫妇每周巡逻一次，巡逻200多座可追溯到战国时期（公元前475-221年）和汉代（公元前202年—公元220年）的古墓。A.givingway让路；B.datingback追溯到；C.lookingup查阅；D.comingup出现。根据后文“tobetweentheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC)andtheHanDynasty(202BC-220AD)”可知，此处指古墓可追溯到战国时期和汉代，datebackto为固定搭配，意为“追溯到”。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：单志政被任命为野外文物保护员已有五年。A.researcher研究员；B.professional专业人士；C.photographer摄影师；D.conservator保护员。根据前文“twofieldconservators”可知，单志政是野外文物保护员。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他与文物的联系可以追溯到更早。A.bond联系，纽带；B.balance平衡；C.sense感觉；D.barrier障碍。根据后文“withculturalrelicsgoesbackmuchfurther”可知，此处指单志政与文物之间的联系。故选A。【26题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：1999年，单志政偶然在一块地里发现了两块磨盘，但他不知道它们是文物。A.withease轻松地；B.bychance偶然地；C.onpurpose故意地；D.incase以防万一。根据后文“Shanfoundtwomillstonesinafield”可知，此处指单志政发现磨盘是偶然发生的。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1999年，单志政偶然在一块地里发现了两块磨盘，但他不知道它们是文物。A.ignore忽视；B.issue发布；C.document记录；D.know知道。根据前文转折词“but”及后文“Shanlaterfoundseveralotherculturalrelicsandthemhome”可知，他当时不知道这是文物。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：单志政后来又发现了其他几件文物，并把它们放置在家中。A.discovered发现；B.limited限制；C.placed放置；D.donated捐赠。根据后文“themhome”可知，此处指单志政是把文物放在家里。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2008年，这些磨盘被鉴定为春秋时期（公元前770-476年）或战国时期。A.appreciated欣赏；B.dated鉴定年代；C.advertised做广告；D.contrasted对比。根据后文时间“abouttheSpringandAutumn(770-476BC)ortheWarringStatesperiods”可知，此处指磨盘被鉴定年代。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管单志政对自己的日常工作感到高兴，但仍有许多挑战。A.examples例子；B.clues线索；C.advantages优势；D.challenges挑战。根据后文“Sometimes,thehusband-and-wifeteamhastotrekthroughvalleysandriversastheircan’tcopewiththesteeperslopes.”描述了他们工作的艰难，说明有挑战。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，这对夫妇必须徒步穿越山谷和河流，因为他们的摩托车无法应对更陡的斜坡。A.bicycle自行车；B.motorcycle摩托车；C.car汽车；D.truck卡车。根据前文“startuptheirmotorcycleandheadofftoaculturalrelicsite”可知，他们的交通工具是摩托车。故选B。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，任何困难都没有削弱他对文物保护的热爱。A.However然而；B.Thus因此；C.Naturally自然地；D.Otherwise否则。根据后文“nodifficultieshaveweakenedhisloveforculturalrelicpreservation”可知，前文提到困难，后文说热爱未减，构成转折关系。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“2018年5月18日，我第一次在巡查区域里发现了岩画。在山坡顶上的一块巨大的黑色岩石上，画着十三只山羊。”他说，并补充道，这次发现给了他一种成就感。A.admired欣赏；B.promoted促进；C.explored探索；D.found发现。根据后文“thediscovery”可知，单志政发现了岩画。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“2018年5月18日，我第一次在巡查区域里发现了岩画。在山坡顶上的一块巨大的黑色岩石上，画着十三只山羊。”他说，并补充道，这次发现给了他一种成就感。A.established建立；B.painted画；C.decorated装饰；D.processed加工，处理。根据前文“rockpaintings”可知，山羊是被画上去。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“2018年5月18日，我第一次在巡查区域里发现了岩画。在山坡顶上的一块巨大的黑色岩石上，画着十三只山羊。”他说，并补充道，这次发现给了他一种成就感。A.accomplishment成就；B.direction方向；C.quality质量；D.responsibility责任。