高中英语必修 第一册　Unit 5　Languages Around the World

圆学子梦想铸金字品牌PAGE3-Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld(主题语境:人与自我之语言学习)Chinais1.widely(wide)knownforitsancientcivilisation.Therearemanyreasons2.whythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinese3.writing(write)system.4.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbols5.hadbecome(become)awell-developedwritingsystem.IntheQinDynasty,theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelop6.inonedirection.Thewritingsystemwasofgreat7.importance(important)inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.

BywrittenChinese,China’spresentis8.connected(connect)withitspast.Today,theChinesewritingsystem9.is(be)stillanimportantpartofChineseculture.AndmoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthis10.amazing(amaze)language.点评:文章简要介绍了中国的汉字书写系统。主要使用了定语从句、非谓语动词、be+of+名词的结构,增强了表达的生动性。【重点单词】1.basevt.以……为据点;以……为基础n.底部;根据步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbased(base)onourpresentmentalregister.

②(北师大版教材)Thefutureisnowbigbusinessandmanypeoplewillattendtheseminarwithdreamsofstartingnewenterprisesbased(base)onthepredictionstheywillhearthisweekend.③Wehavetooperateonthebasisofthesituationwenowfindourselvesin.④(北师大版教材)Duringthepolarsummerof1910-1911,bothteamsorganisedfoodbases(base)inpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.(1)base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上bebasedon/upon... 以……为基础(2)onadaily/regularbasis 每天/定期onthebasisof 在……的基础上写作微练完成句子⑤为了更好地完成任务,我们需要吸引更广泛的客户。 (应用文写作之建议信)Inordertofinishthetaskbetter,weneedtoappealtoawidercustomerbase.

⑥基于情感而非理性的重要决定,你迟早会后悔的。 (读后续写之语言描写)Basinganimportantdecisiononemotionratherthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.

2.meansn.方式;方法;途径步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.②Disciplineproblemsarebynomeansrestrictedtochildreninfamiliesdependentonbenefits.③Thisisatwo-yearcoursetaughtbymeansoflecture.④Pleasebyallmeanshandinthereportontime,otherwiseyouwillfailthissemester.(1)bythismeans 通过这种方法bymeansof 借助……手段byallmeans 一定,务必;当然可以bynomeans/notbyanymeans 决不,一点也不(2)ameansofcommunication 一种交际工具写作微练完成句子⑤我已经很努力地提高我的英语水平,但我的老师对我的进步一点也不满意。(应用文写作之求助信)IhavetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish,butbynomeansismyteachersatisfiedwithmyprogress.

⑥她说:“我们离成功还远着呢。” (读后续写之表达观点)“Wehaven’twonyet,notbyanymeans,”shesaid.

3.appreciatevt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会vi.增值步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(牛津版教材)TheeffortsoftheChinesegovernmentandthepeopletoprotectthismuch-lovedriverwillbeappreciated(appreciate)foryearstocome.

②Wewouldappreciateyouletting(let)usknowofanyproblems.③Heexpressedhisappreciation(appreciate)forSaudiArabia’smoderateandrealisticoilpolicies.④(北师大版教材)Ittakesmorethanacasualglancetoappreciate(appreciate)anditismuchmoreimportantthanphysicalbeauty.

(1)appreciatethat... 理解……appreciate(sb./sb.’s)doing... 感激(某人)做……(2)Iwouldappreciateitif... 如果……我将不胜感激(3)appreciation n.欣赏;感激expressone’sappreciation/thankstosb. 对某人表达感激之情【句式拓展】常用it作形式宾语的例句①Ifinditpleasanttoworkwithhim.②Theyfeltitdifficulttofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.③I’llseetoitthateverythingisreadyintime.④Ithinkitmyhonortobeinvitedtospeakhere.⑤Tomdidn’tfinditdifficulttowritelettersinChinese.⑥Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I’malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.写作微练完成句子⑤如果您能指出我的不足之处,我会不胜感激的。 (应用文写作之咨询信)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldpointoutmyshortcomings.

⑥理解妈妈的好意,我吃完妈妈提供的所有食物,心里充满感激。 (读后续写之心理描写)Understandinghergoodintentions,IeatallthefoodthatisprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.

4.strugglen.&vi.斗争;奋斗;搏斗步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shewouldhavestruggled(struggle)withextremepaintomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.

②(牛津词典)Hecametosymbolizehiscountry’sstruggleforindependence.③(2024·浙江1月高考)Thismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresist(resist)temptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.

④(牛津版教材)Wealsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeclasses,soitwasastruggleformetorememberallthefacesandnames.(1)strugglefor... 为……而斗争/奋斗strugglewith/againstsb./sth. 与某人/某事做斗争struggletodosth. 努力做某事struggletoone’sfeet 挣扎着站起来(2)itisastruggle(forsb.)todosth. (对于某人而言)做某事真是难事写作微练完成句子⑤李华认为,教科书应该多写一些伟大的科学家如何奋斗成功的故事。 (应用文写作之记述人物)LiHuathinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed.

⑥当我们回忆起他在艺术上的突破和挣扎时,这对我们俩来说都是一个情感上的过程。 (读后续写之心理描写)Itwasanemotionalprocessforbothofus,aswerecalledabouthisartisticbreakthroughsandstruggles.

5.equaln.同等的人;相等物adj.相同的,同样的;能胜任的v.与……相等,比得上步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Butequally(equal)importantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假说)”.②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthat...theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.③TheprofitsfromStevenSpielberg’sJurassicPark,thepresidentwastold,equaled(equal)thosefromtheexportof60,000Hyundaicars.④(外研版教材)Thedamwillgenerateelectricityequaltoabout40milliontonsofcoalwithoutcausingsomuchairpollution.(1)bewithoutequal=havenoequal 无与伦比(2)beequaltosth./doingsth. 等于/胜任(做)某事(3)equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物(4)equality n.均等,平等写作微练完成句子⑤这里的建筑可与世界上任何建筑相媲美。 (应用文写作之说明文)Thearchitecturehereisequaltoanyintheworld.

⑥我突然意识到,叙述者的角色和公主的角色同样重要。 (读后续写之心理描写)Itdawnedonmethatthenarrator’spartwasequallyimportanttothepartofaprincess.

6.demandn.要求;需求vt.强烈要求;需要vi.查问步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemands(demand)placedonthefriendwhohasmoved.②Ournewsecretaryshoulddemandthatourschoolsshouldget(get)backtoteachingbasicmath.

③Hetriedtoreturntowork,butfoundhecouldnolongercopewithhisdemanding(demand)job.④(北师大版教材)Reformshavebeendemanded(demand)bypeoplefromallovertheworld.

(1)bein(great)demand (迫切)需求,受欢迎的meet/satisfyone’sdemands 满足某人的需求(2)demandsth. 需要某事物demandtodosth. 要求做某事demandthatsb.(should)dosth. 要求某人做某事(3)demanding adj.高要求的;要求严格的【词缀拓展】-ing结尾的非心理活动形容词小结demanding要求高的 dying临终的challenging富于挑战性的 lying说谎的alarming引起恐慌的 aching疼痛的advancing前进的写作微练完成句子⑤为了满足整个家庭的需求,他减少了自己的食物量。 (应用文写作之记叙文)Hereducedtheamountoffoodforhisowninordertosatisfythewholefamily’sdemands.

⑥(2024·1月九省联考)“玛雅!你从哪儿弄来的?”凯瑟琳问,拿起梳子扔给她一条鱼。 (读后续写之语言描写)“Maya!Wheredidyougetthat?”demandedKatherine,takingthecombandthrowingherafish.【要点拾遗】relatevt.联系;讲述步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelations(relate)betweenthegenerations.②Thechildren,althoughnotrelated(relate)tousbyblood,hadbecomeasdeartousasourown.③Traineesshouldbeinvitedtorelatenewideastotheirpastexperiences.④(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto.(1)relateto 与……有关;涉及;谈到berelatedto 和……有关系(2)relation n.(relations)(人、团体、国家之间的)关系;关联inrelationto 关于;与……相关(3)related adj.相关的;有联系的relationship n.关系;联系relative adj.比较的;相对的n.亲戚relatively adv.相对地;相当地【词汇拓展】含有介词to的固定搭配小结(1)admittodoingsth. 承认做了某事(2)applytodoingsth. 适用于做某事(3)objecttodoingsth. 反对做某事(4)seetodoingsth. 负责做某事(5)sticktodoingsth. 坚持做某事(6)taketo 开始养成(某种习惯)(7)lookforwardto 盼望(8)leadto 导致,通向(9)contributeto 有助于,促成(10)referto 参考,涉及(11)turnto 求助于,转向(12)appealto 呼吁,吸引写作微练完成句子⑤如果你把它跟美式烹饪联系起来,有很多东西将跟你想象的不一样。 (应用文写作之说明文)IfyourelateittoAmericancuisine,thereisalotofstuffthat’sdifferentfromwhatyouwouldimagine.

⑥“我发现很难在脑海中把这两个想法联系起来。”他低声说道。 (读后续写之语言描写)“Ifounditdifficulttorelatethetwoideasinmymind.”hemurmured.

【核心短语】7.referto指的是;描述;提到;查阅步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Ikeeptworeference(refer)booksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus.②(北师大版教材)Italsorefers(refer)tothecourtyardsthemselvesandeventothecommunitiesthatlivethere.③Thepatient,referred(refer)tointhecaseas“JaneDoe,”knewofMrWeill’ssecretplan.④(牛津版教材)IampleasedtohavethischancetodaytotalktoyouabouttheUnitedNations,ortheUN,asitismoreoftenreferred(refer)to.(1)referto...as 把……称作……refer...to... 把……提交给……(2)reference n.参考;指称关系referencebooks 参考书写作微练完成句子⑤我的意见没有经过深思熟虑,仅供参考。 (应用文写作之建议信)Myopinionhasn’tbeenwellthoughtoutandisonlyforyourreference.

⑥我的同事说,由于情况不同寻常,他会把这件事提交给他的老板。 (读后续写之语言描写)Mycolleaguesaidthatasthesituationwasunusualhewouldreferthemattertohisboss.

【经典句型】8.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.(P62)

这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空/同义句转换①Thecareoftheenvironmentisofprimeimportanceandweshouldpaymoreattention.②(2022·全国乙卷)Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance(important),andtheindustryisplayingitspart.③Thisbookisofsuchbenefitthatitmustbepublishedatanycost.→Thisbookissobeneficialthatitmustbepublishedatanycost.(1)beof+value/significance/importance/use/benefit等表抽象意义的名词=be+该名词对应的形容词,名词前可用great,no,little,much等词修饰。(2)of+size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality等表人或物的属性的名词,在句中作表语或定语。写作微练完成句子④长跑是一种非常有益的运动。(应用文写作之新闻报道)Long-distancerunningisakindofexercisewhichisofgreatbenefit.

⑤所以,培养和提升社区工作者的敬业度至关重要。 (读后续写之主题升华)Therefore,itisofsignificancetocultivateanddevelopcommunityworkers’commitment.

9.Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.(P62)即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。

步入经典·即境活用完成句子①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)不管是什么,不管它看起来有多小,都要把它写下来。Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.

②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买更多。NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerbasketisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.

③无论你何时需要帮助,我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地联系我。 (应用文写作之建议信)Whenever/Nomatterwhenyouneedhelp,Isincerelyhopethatyoucangetintouchwithmewithouthesitation.

④无论玛丽多么忙,她每天都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语,并且告诉他们更多我们的习俗和传统。 (读后续写之人物描写)However/NomatterhowbusyMaryis,shewillsparesometimeeverydaytohelptheexchangestudentsfromtheUSAwithChineseandtellthemmoreaboutourcustomsandtraditions.

“nomatter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,可放在主句前或主句后。(1)whenever,wherever,however引导让步状语从句,相当于nomatterwhen/where/how。(2)whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句;引导让步状语从句时相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。Ⅰ【语境填空】|高考探究体验1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thenyouletthesenewsystems(system)developtheirownwaystoself-repair.2.Inshort,successincreatingAIcouldbethebiggesteventinthehistoryofourcivilization(civilize).3.ThefalloftheBerlinWallsymbolized(symbol)theendoftheColdWarbetweenEastandWest.4.(2024·1月九省联考)Variety(vary)indietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.5.(2024·浙江1月高考)Butglobal(globe)connectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.6.FamilyLawinAustraliawithregards(regard)tochildrenisoftenbased(base)onwhatisconsideredtobeinthebestinterestofthechild.7.Specifically(specific),itisprettyclearthemajority(major)ofpeoplewhosmokedonotimmediatelygetlungcancer.8.Fromtheancientperiodthroughtothe19thcentury,asuccessionofpowerfuldynasties(dynasty)roseandfellinIndiaassmallerrulersalsostruggled(struggle)forpowerthroughwar.9.Buildingabusinessisequally(equal)intenseanddemanding(demand),butit’slikebeingonanexpeditionthatneverends.10.Hereyou’llfindtheusualdefinitionsyou’dgetinapaperdictionary,includingaguidetopronunciation,wordorigindescription(describe),variousmeaningsandrelated(relate)wordforms.Ⅱ一词多义/熟词生义|攻克阅读障碍1.refertoA.指的是B.提到C.查阅(1)Whynotrefertoadictionarytocheckthespellingoftheword? C

(2)Thescientistreferredtoglobalwarmingatleastthreetimesinhisspeech. B

(3)Theword“business”alsoreferstoanorganizationthatoffersgoodsandservices. A

2.characterA.性格B.特色;特征C.人物;角色D.符号;文字E.品性;道德品质(1)Asweallknow,Chinesecharactersarequitedifficulttomemorize. D

(2)TomCruiseisaleadingcharacterinthisfilm. C

(3)Shehasacheerfulbutquietcharacter. A

(4)Thecityinvested6billionyuantopreservethecharacteroftheoldtown. B

(5)Sportscanbegoodforcharacterbuilding. E

3.猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Ourcarsaretheequalsofthoseproducedanywhereintheworld. 相等物(2)UntilthendidIfullyappreciatewhatmyparentshaddoneforme. 理解;明白串词成篇|提升关键能力When1.referring(refer)toEnglish,weknowEnglishiswidelyusedinglobalaffairs.NomatterwhatkindofEnglishpeoplearespeaking,nativespeakershavenotrouble2.understanding(understand)thewordslike“gas”“petrol”“subway”“apartment”“pants”“semester”andotherwords3.despitethesmalldifferencesinvocabulary.4.ButstudentswhosemothertongueisnotEnglisharestrugglingwithbillionsofwords.Ontheotherhand,fromforeigners’pointsofview,Chineseisregardedasa5.demanding(demand)language.Firstly,themajorlanguagewhichiscalledPuTongHuainChinaishardenoughtolearn,letalone6.varieties(variety)ofdialects.Secondly,Chinesecharactersareabstractsymbolsforthem.Thewritingsystem,7.dating(date)backtotheShangDynastywhenpeoplecarvedsomethingwithspecificmeaningsonbonesorshells,islikestrangepictures.However,basedonthecommon8.appreciation(appreciate)ofthesecharacters,someclassicworksarestillreadnowandbythismeanswecanknowmoreabouttheupsanddownsinancienttimes.Besides,calligraphyisalsoanartformcloselyrelated9.toChineseculture.Ibegallthepeopleholdapositiveattitudetobothlanguages,whichareofequal10.importance(important).Tobridgethegapbetweencultures,bynomeansshouldwegiveuplearningthemwell.应用文写作提分练|语言学习假定你是李华,在新西兰做交换生(exchangestudent)。你得知你所在学校的老师MrSmith想找一位中国学生教他上小学的女儿中文。请给他写一封信,内容包括:(1)简单的自我介绍;(2)个人优势;(3)自己的空闲时间。Step1辨模式(Patterns)Step2明实例(Examples)1.连词成句①我认为我胜任这个工作,我相信我会是你最好的选择。IthinkIcanbefitforthejobandI’msureI’llbeyourbestchoice.

②我对中国文化有很好的了解,这有助于我教授你的女儿学习中文。IhaveagoodknowledgeofChineseculture,soitcanhelpmeteachyourdaughtertolearnChinese.

③我很外向,所以你不必担心我们的沟通。I’moutgoing,sodonotworryaboutourcommunication.

④我也有教过几位英国小学生的经验,这将使我知道如何教您的女儿。I’vehadsomeexperiencefromteachingseveralBritishprimarystudents,whichwillmakemeknowhowtoteachyourdaughter.

2.句式升级⑤把②句使用定语从句进行改写IhaveagoodknowledgeofChineseculture,whichcanhelpmeteachyourdaughtertolearnChinese.

⑥使用therebe句型改写③句I’moutgoing,sothere’snoneedforyoutoworryaboutourcommunication.

Step3会实践(Practice)背诵默写连句成篇DearMrSmith,I’mLiHua,aChineseexchangestudentintheschoolwhereyouwork.IgottoknowyouwantaChinesestudenttoteachyourdaughterChinese.IthinkIcanbefitforthejobandI’msureI’llbeyourbestchoice.Firstly,IhaveagoodknowledgeofChineseculture,whichcanhelpmeteachyourdaughtertolearnChinese.Secondly,I’moutgoing,sothere’snoneedforyoutoworryaboutourcommunication.Besides,I’vehadsomeexperiencefromteachingseveralBritishprimarystudents,whichwillmakemeknowhowtoteachyourdaughter.Lastly,I’mfreeonWednesdayafternoons,Thursdayafternoonsandweekends.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldgivemean