高中新生英语核心词汇与短语大全

高中新生英语核心词汇与短语大全一、核心词汇篇词汇的掌握，不仅在于“认识”，更在于“运用”。以下分类整理的词汇，是高中英语学习中出现频率高、搭配能力强的核心词，建议结合例句和语境进行记忆。1.核心动词(CoreVerbs)动词是句子的灵魂，掌握核心动词及其搭配，能极大提升表达的丰富性。*表示存在与状态(Existence&State):*exist(存在)*appear(出现；似乎)*seem(似乎；好像)*keep(保持；保留)*stay(停留；保持)*lie(位于；躺)*stand(站立；位于)*表示动作与行为(Action&Behavior):*make(做；制造；使)*do(做；干)*take(拿；取；花费)*get(得到；变得)*give(给；给予)*have(有；进行)*hold(握住；举办)*carry(携带；运送)*bring(带来)*take(带走)*send(发送；派遣)*put(放；安置)*place(放置；安排)*set(设置；使开始)*go(去；进行)*leave(离开；留下)*arrive(到达)*reach(到达；伸手)*move(移动；感动)*run(跑；运转)*walk(走；散步)*speak(说；讲)*say(说；讲)*talk(谈话；讨论)*tell(告诉；辨别)*ask(问；请求)*answer(回答；回应)*see(看见；理解)*watch(观看；注视)*look(看；看起来)*listen(听)*hear(听见)*read(读；阅读)*write(写；写作)*learn(学习；得知)*study(学习；研究)*teach(教；教授)*表示心理与情感(MentalStates&Emotions):*think(想；认为)*believe(相信；认为)*know(知道；认识)*understand(理解；明白)*realize(意识到；实现)*remember(记得；记住)*forget(忘记)*want(想要；需要)*need(需要)*hope(希望)*wish(希望；祝愿)*expect(期望；预料)*plan(计划)*decide(决定)*try(尝试；努力)*manage(设法做到；管理)*refuse(拒绝)*agree(同意)*promise(承诺；答应)*allow(允许)*permit(允许)*forbid(禁止)*advise(建议)*suggest(建议；表明)*feel(感觉；觉得)*love(爱；喜欢)*like(喜欢；像)*hate(讨厌；憎恨)*prefer(更喜欢)*fear(害怕)*surprise(使惊讶)*interest(使感兴趣)*表示变化与发展(Change&Development):*get(变得)*turn(变成)*grow(成长；变得)*develop(发展；开发)*increase(增加)*decrease(减少)*improve(提高；改善)*change(改变)*vary(变化；不同)2.核心名词(CoreNouns)名词是构成主语、宾语的基本要素，注意可数与不可数，以及单复数变化。*表示人(People):*person(人)*people(人们)*man(男人；人)*woman(女人)*child(孩子)*student(学生)*teacher(教师)*friend(朋友)*parent(父/母)*family(家庭)*classmate(同学)*colleague(同事)*neighbor(邻居)*表示事物与概念(Things&Concepts):*thing(东西；事情)*matter(事情；问题)*object(物体；目标)*idea(想法；主意)*thought(思想；想法)*plan(计划)*problem(问题)*question(问题)*answer(答案)*way(方法；道路)*method(方法)*means(手段；方法)*reason(原因)*result(结果)*purpose(目的)*time(时间)*place(地方)*space(空间)*life(生活；生命)*work(工作；作品)*study(学习；研究)*job(工作)*school(学校)*education(教育)*knowledge(知识)*information(信息)*news(新闻)*advice(建议)*help(帮助)*support(支持)*importance(重要性)*difference(不同)*表示自然与环境(Nature&Environment):*world(世界)*earth(地球；土地)*nature(自然)*water(水)*fire(火)*stone(石头)*tree(树)*plant(植物)*animal(动物)*river(河)*sea(海)*sky(天空)3.核心形容词与副词(CoreAdjectives&Adverbs)形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，它们能让描述更生动准确。*形容词(Adjectives):*描述人或事物特征:*good(好的)*bad(坏的)*great(伟大的；极好的)*small(小的)*big(大的)*large(大的)*little(小的；少的)*high(高的)*low(低的)*long(长的)*short(短的；矮的)*new(新的)*old(旧的；老的)*young(年轻的)*old(年老的)*happy(快乐的)*sad(悲伤的)*angry(生气的)*glad(高兴的)*sorry(抱歉的；难过的)*kind(善良的；种类)*friendly(友好的)*important(重要的)*necessary(必要的)*possible(可能的)*difficult(困难的)*easy(容易的)*different(不同的)*same(相同的)*many(许多的)*much(许多的)*few(少的)*little(少的)*some(一些)*any(任何)*no(没有)*all(所有的)*both(两者都)*each(每个)*every(每个)*other(其他的)*描述数量与程度:*enough(足够的)*more(更多的)*most(最多的)*less(更少的)*least(最少的)*several(几个)*various(各种各样的)*副词(Adverbs):*方式副词:*carefully(仔细地)*quickly(快速地)*slowly(慢慢地)*easily(容易地)*happily(快乐地)*suddenly(突然地)*quietly(安静地)*程度副词:*very(非常)*much(非常；很)*too(太)*so(如此；这么)*quite(相当)*rather(相当；有点儿)*almost(几乎)*nearly(几乎)*hardly(几乎不)*really(真正地)*especially(尤其)*时间与频率副词:*now(现在)*then(那时)*soon(很快)*already(已经)*yet(还；然而)*just(刚刚)*often(经常)*usually(通常)*sometimes(有时)*always(总是)*never(从不)*ever(曾经)*once(一次；曾经)*twice(两次)*地点与方向副词:*here(这里)*there(那里)*home(回家)*abroad(在国外)*away(离开)*out(出去)*in(进来)*up(向上)*down(向下)*back(回来)*forward(向前)4.核心介词与连词(CorePrepositions&Conjunctions)介词和连词是连接词与词、句与句的重要纽带，其用法灵活，需重点掌握。*时间:in,on,at,by,before,after,during,for,since,until*地点:in,on,at,under,over,above,below,beside,nextto,between,among,behind,infrontof,near,farfrom*方式与手段:by,with,in,through*其他:about,of,from,to,for,with,without,like,as*并列连词:and,but,or,so,for,yet,nor*从属连词(引导从句):*时间:when,while,as,before,after,until,since,assoonas*原因:because,as,since*条件:if,unless,aslongas*让步:though,although,evenif,eventhough*结果:so...that...,such...that...*目的:sothat,inorderthat*比较:than,as...as...*方式:as,asif,asthough5.代词与冠词(Pronouns&Articles)*代词(Pronouns):*人称代词:I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they(主格);me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them(宾格)*物主代词:my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their(形容词性);mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs(名词性)*反身代词:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves*指示代词:this,that,these,those*不定代词:some,any,no,none,many,much,few,little,each,every,both,either,neither,all,another,other,others*疑问代词:who,whom,whose,what,which*冠词(Articles):*不定冠词:a,an*定冠词:the*零冠词(不用冠词的情况)二、核心短语篇短语是词汇的延伸，尤其是动词短语，往往具有固定搭配和特定含义，是提升语言地道性的关键。*take相关:*takeoff(起飞；脱下；突然成功)*takeon(承担；呈现；雇佣)*takein(吸收；理解；欺骗)*takeup(开始从事；占据)*takedown(记下；拆卸)*takeaway(拿走；消除)*make相关:*makeup(组成；编造；化妆)*makeout(辨认出；理解)*makesure(确保)*makeprogress(取得进步)*makesense(有意义；讲得通)*get相关:*getup(起床)*geton(上车；相处)*getoff(下车；脱下)*getalong(相处；进展)*getaway(离开；逃脱)*getback(回来；取回)*getinto(进入；陷入)*getoutof(摆脱；从...出来)*getthrough(通过；完成；接通电话)*put相关:*puton(穿上；上演)*putoff(推迟)*putaway(放好；储存)*putup(张贴；举起；建造)*putdown(放下；记下；镇压)*look相关:*lookup(查阅；向上看)*lookfor(寻找)*lookafter(照顾)*lookforwardto(期待)*lookout(小心)*lookaround(环顾四周)*go相关:*goon(继续