2022年山东省潍坊市中考英语试题（解析版）

参照秘密级管理★启用前

试卷类型：A

2022年潍坊市初中学业水平考试

英语试题

2022.6

注意事项：

1.本试题满分80分，考试时间为90分钟；

2.答卷前务必将试题密封线内及答题卡上面的项目填涂清楚。所有答案都必须涂、写在答题

卡相应位置，答在本试卷上一律无效。

一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

MissBradley:Debbie?ThepeoplealSunnyBank一youknow,thehomeforoldpeople一wantsomeonetogivea

talk.Couldyoudoit?

Debbie:Me?Standupandtalk?Ican'tdothat.

MissB:Debbie,it'snotabigdeal.

Jess:Whynot,Debbie?Imean,(heoldpeoplearen'tgoingtolaughorbenasty.

Debbie:No,Iknow.But...oh,Idon'tknow.I'mjustnotbraveenough,that'sall.Ican'tdoit,andthat'sthat.

Jess:Hereshecomes.Goon,Pete.

Pete:OK.Well,look—it'syellowDsbbie.Theschoolchicken.

Debbie:Ibegyourpardon?

Pete:Ihearyouwon'tgiveatalkalSunnyBank.Ooh,allihususcaryoldpeople!Il'sabilpalhuliu,ch,Debbie?

Debbie:Chicken?Pathetic?Noonecallsmethat!

Debbie:MissBradley?I'vechangedmymind.Iwanttodothetalkafterall.

MissB:Goodforyou,Debbie.HowaboutFriday,around5o'clock?

Jess:Itworked!Welldone,Pete.

Pete:Thanks.ButIdon'tthinkIcanevertalktoDebbieagain!

1.MissBradleyasksDebbieto.

A.giveaspeechB.gotoabank

C.standupandtalkD.lookafteroldpeople

2.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordchickeninPicture3probablymeaninChinese?

A.小鸡B.勇士C.胆小鬼D.大明星

3.Bysayingsuchwords,JessandPete'srealpurposeisto.

A.talktoDebbieB.encourageDebbieC.laughatDebbieD.makeDebbieangry

【答案】LA2.C3.B

【解析】

【导语】本文讲述了Bradley老师想让Debbie在老人院演讲，始起初不同意，后来在同学的刺激下决定去

试一试。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据“ThepeopleatSunnyBank—youknow,thehomeforoldpeople—wantsomeonetogivea

talk”可知，Bradley老师想让Debbie在老人院演讲，故选A。

【2题详解】

词义猜测题。根据“Ihearyouwon'tgiveatalkatSunnyBank.Ooh,allthosescaryoldpeople!It'sabitpathetic”

可知,嘲笑Debbie不敢去老人院做演讲,是一个胆小鬼,所以chicken表示“胆小鬼”,故选C。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Itworked!Welldone,Pete”可知，他们说这些的目的是为了鼓励Debbie勇敢去老人院演

讲，故选B。

B

MargaretAnnBulkleywasbomaround1789,inIreland.Shehadbigdreams.wanttobeadoctor!Buttwo

hundredyearsagoagirlcouldn'tbecomeadoctor.Heruncle,JamesBarry,wasagreatpainter.Andhisfriend

GeneralMirandahadalibrarywithmorethan6.000books.Margaretlovedreadingthere.Herintelligence

impressedhim.Yearslater,heruncleJamesBarrydied,leavinghersonicmoney.Itwasenoughtostudytobea

doctor.

“Butagirlcan'tbecomeadoctor,“saidMargaretsadly.

“Yes,youcan^^^saidGeneralMiranda."Allyouhavetodoistodis—uiseasaboy."Margaretrea'lywantedto

beadoctor.Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboy'sclothes.Shealso

namedherselfJamesBarry.

Fromthenon,MargaretAnnBuikleydisappeared.ShebecameJamesBarryandenteredEdinburgh

University.Hetook13subjectsandworkedallthroughthesummerwhentheotherstudentswentonholiday.

Barrygraduatedin1812anddecidedtojointheBritishArmy.Inhislife.Dr.JamesBarrytravelledalloverthe

world,helpingtosavemanylives.Beforeretirement,Barryhadrisentothesecond-highestmedicalofficerinthe

BriiishArmy.Barryimprovedtheconditionsfornotonlywoundedsoldiersbutalsothelocalpeople,and

performedthefirstrecordedsuccessfulcaesareansection（剖宫产）inAfrica.ThesecretDr.JaniesBarrykeptfor

overfiftyyearswasonlyknownafterhisdeathin1865.

4.WhoplayedthemostimportantroleinMargaret'sbecomingadoctor?

A.GeneralMiranda.B.HeruncleJamesBarry.

C.AsoldierintheBritishArmy.D.AprofessorfromEdinburghUniversity.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedworddisguiseinparagraph3mean?

A.Changeone'sclothes.B.Dresslikeadoctor.

C.Changeone'sappearance.D.Dresslikeagentleman.

6.WhichwasDr.JamesBarry'sachievementinhisjob?

A.BecomingthehighestofficerintheBritishArmy.

B.Graduatingfromthemostfamousmedicaluniversity.

C.Improvingmedicalconditionsforthewoundedsoldiers.

D.Doingtheworld'sfirstrecordedcaesareansectionsuccessfi.illy.

7.WhatwasthesecretDr.JamesBarrykeptforoverfiftyyears?

A.JamesBarryleftmuchmoney.B.Dr.JamesBarrywasawoman.

C.Margaretdiedinhertwenties.D.GeneralMirandahelpedMargaretalot.

【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B

【解析】

【导语】本文主要讲述了MargaretAnnBulkley为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从

医的故事。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据“AndhisfriendGeneralMirandahadalibrarywithmorethan6,000books.Margaretloved

readingthere.Herintelligenceimpressedhim”及“'Yes,youcan!'saidGeneralMiranda.lAllyouhavetodoisto

disguiseasaboy.’"可知，是叔叔的朋友GeneralMiranda鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选A。

【5题详解】

词义猜测题。根据“Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboy'sclothes''可

知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成■个男孩，所以disguise与Changeone'sappearance

同义，故选C。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Barryimprovedtheconditionsfornotonlywoundedsoldiersbutalsothelocalpeople”可知,

改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选C。

「题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Margaretreallywantedtobeadoctor.Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakingina

deepvoice,andputonboy'sclothes.ShealsonamedherselfJamesBarry”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是

她一直保守的秘密，故选B。

C

Whatdothreehearts,eightarmsandonehugebrainaddupto?Anoctopus,acreaturethatcandoamazing

things.Octopusesareveryclever.Astheydon'thaveteethorsharpclawstodefendthemselves,theyhaveever

learntafewtrickstogetoutofdangeroussituations.Doyouknowhowtheydothat?

Theyoftenhidethemselvesinthesandonthebottomoftheoceanfloor.Someoctopusesliketostayinmore

shallowwaterwheretherearerocks.Becauseoctopuseshaveverysoftbodies,theycanhidethemselvesintosmall

spacesbetweentherocks(ogetridofenemies.

Theoctopusislikeachameleonbecauseitcanchangethecolorofitsskintomatchthesand.Thiscolor

changehappensinlessthanaminute.

Anotherwayanoctopuscanprotectitselfisbyshootingink.Itcanshootinkintothewater.Theinkformsa

cloudtoblinditsenemies.It'slikeamagiciandoingadisappearingact.

Ifanoctopusisbeingattacked,itcanmakeitselflooklikeaseasnake.Itwillburyitselfinthesandexcept

twearms.Itwillchangethecolorofthosearmstomatchaseasnake.

Buiwhatifthere'snotimetoescape?Itcanbreakoffoneofitsamis.Thearmwillthenchangecolorsand

movearoundthewater.Astheenemystartschasingaftertheann,theoctopuscanswimawayquickly.Don't

worry,though.Theoctopus'annwillgrowbacksoon.

8.Howmanytricksarementionedinthetext?

A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.

9.Whyisanoctopuslikeachameleon?

A.Ithasthreehearts.B.Ithaseightarms.

C.1(canmakeitselflooklikeasnake.D.Itcanchange(hecolorofitsskin.

10.Whatdoesanoctopusdointimeofgreatdanger?

A.Runafteritsenemy.B.Breakoffonearm.

C.Fightwithsharpteeth.D.Movearoundthewater.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?

A.AdventuresinwaterB.Magicianofthesea

C.SoftbodiesbetweenrocksD.Enemybehindthecloud

【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍了章鱼的相关信息，包括了它的外观，逃生的技能等。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Theyoftenhidethemselvesinthesandonthebottomoftheoceanfloor*H*Theoctopusislikea

chameleonbecauseitcanchangethecolorofitsskintomatchthesand'"'Anotherwayanoctopuscanprotectitself

isbyshootingink,HiIfanoctopusisbeingattacked,itcanmakeitselflooklikeaseasnake”及“Itcanbreakoffone

ofitsarms”可知，文中一共提到了5种技巧，故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Theoctopusislikeachameleonbecauseitcanchangethecolorofitsskintomatchthesand”

可知，因为它可以改变皮肤的颜色来匹配沙子，故选D.

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Buiwhatifthere'snotimetoesc叩e?ItcanbreakolToneofitsarms”可知，它可以折断一

只手臂，故选B。

[11题详解】

最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了章鱼的几种逃生技能，就像“海洋魔术师”一样，故选B。

D

Arcyousufferingfrominsomnia（失眠）now?It'struethatmanypeoplearcdeeplybotheredbyinsomnia.

12SleepexpertMichaelGrandnerofferstopthreetips.

Makeaplanandsticktoit.

Melatonin（褪黑素）isproducedbythebodytocontrolwhenyougetsleepyandwhenyouwakeup.As

nightfalls,thelevelsofmelatoninrise,becomingasignaltothebodythatit'stimefbrbed.Andthelevelsnaturally

fallasdaylightcomesnear,gettingyoureadytogreettheday.

13Soifyourbedtimeandwake-uptimechangefromdaytoday,yourbodydoesn'tknowhowto

react.Soit'simportanttohavearegularbedtimeandwake-up（ime,evenonweekends.

14

Infact,thistipissopowerfulthatitcanevenbeatsleepmedicine.44Wheneveryou'vebeenawakefbr20or30

minutes,eitherthebeginningorthemiddleofthenight,getup.Maybeyoujustneedfiveminutestogelsleepy,or

maybeanhour,butdon'tspendthattimeinbed,“saysGrandner.

Changeyourattitudeaboutsleep.

Manypeopleseesleepingasthefinalthingtheyhavetodoinabusyday,worthdelayingtocatchupon

housework,schoolworkorothers.15"Seeyoursleepastheamountoftimeyouneedinordertoset

yourselfupforaproductivetomorrow.Itmaysoundlikeasmallchange,butit'sanimportantone,“Grandneradds.

根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。

A.Don'tlieinbedawake.

B.Takesomemedicineifyouneed.

C.Thatthoughtneedstobechanged.

D.Infact,wecantrainourbraintotailasleep.

E.Therelease（释放）ofmelatoninneedstobeatregulartimes.

【答案】12.D13.E14.A15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文介绍了预防失眠的方法。

【12题详解】

根据"It'struethatmanypeoplearedeeplybotheredbyinsomnia”及"SleepexpertMichaelGrandnerofferstop

threetips”可知，事实我们可以改变这种情况，D选项“事实上，我们可以训练我们的大脑入睡”符合语境，

故选D。

【13题详解】

根据"Soifyourbedtimeandwake-uptimechangefromdaytoday,yourbodydoesn'tknowhowtoreact”可知，

此处提到了“有规律的时间”，E选项“褪黑激素的释放需要定期进行”符合语境，故选E。

【14题详解】

根据"butdonUspendthattimeinbed”可知，本段的建议是醒着的时候不要躺在床上，A选项“另!躺在床上而

不入睡”符合语境，故选A0

【15题详解】

根据"Changeyourattitudeaboutsleep”可知，要改变自己的某些想法，C选项”那个想法需要改变“符合语

境，故选C。

二、语言知识运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

A

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Theenvironmentiseverythingaroundusinthenaturalworld.Itistheearth,theair,rivers,lakes,forestsand

seas.Theseare16humanbeingsdependonforaliving.

Allnaturalwasteis17.Animalwasteanddeadbodiesarebrokendownbysmallcreatures,likethose

wormsinthesoil.ThisistheirIM.Thecarbondioxide（hatpeopleandanimalsbreathe（呼吸）outisused

byplantstobreatheandhelpthem19.Plantsgiveoutoxygenwhichpeopleandanimalsneedtobreathein.

Plants20waterthroughtheirroots.Theypassitoutthroughtheirleaves21moisture（水分）.This

moisture,togetherwithwatervapourcomingfromriversandseas,risesandturnsintowalerdropletsandforms

clouds.Largerwaterdropletsthenfalldownintheformof22.Inthisway,（hewalergoes23tothe

earth,riversandseastobeusedagain.

However,humanshavemadealotofchangestotheearth.Thetechnologyandindustryhavemadelife

24.buttheyalsoproducealotofnewwaste.Naturefindsthisnewwastehardor25torecycle.

Manshalldealwiththisproblembeforeitistoolate.

16.A.howB.wha（C.whichD.where

17.A.avoidedB.allowedC.reducedD.recycled

18.A.foodB.hobbyC.methodD.support

19.A.growB.continueC.progressD.increase

20.A.putawayB.giveoffC.takeupD.holdon

21.A.likeB.withC.inD.as

22.A.windB.rainC.stormD.shower

23.A.forwardB.aboutC.backD.away

24.A.slowerB.easierC.heavierD.cheaper

25.A.helpfulB.valuableC.impossibleD.unnecessary

【答案】I6.B17.D18.A19.A20.A21.D22.B23.C24.B25.C

【解析】

【导语】木文主要讲述了大自然中产生废物可以再次利用，但是科技和工业产生的废物很难再次利用,

这就需要人类来处理这种污染问题。

【16题详解】

句意：这些都是人类赖以生存的东西。

how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；where哪里。此空作动词短语dependon的宾语，应填what,故选

【17题详解】

句意：所有的自然废物都可以I可收利用。

avoided避免；allowed允许；reduced减少；recycled回收。根据“Animalwasteanddeadbodiesarebroken

downbysmallcreaiures”可知，自然的废物都可以回收利用，故选D。

【18题详解】

句意：这是它们的食物。

food食物；hobby爱好；method方法；support支持。根据"Animalwasteanddeadbodiesarebrokendownby

smallcreatures,likethosewormsinthesoil”可知,动物的排泄物和尸体是小生物的食物,故选A1,

【19题详解】

句意：人类和动物呼出的二氧化碳被植物用来呼吸并帮助它们生长。

grow成长;continue继续；progress进步；increase增长。根据“plantstobreatheandhelpthem”可知，植物

吸收二氧化碳然后生长，故选A。

【20题详解】

句意：植物通过根吸收水分。

putaway收好，储存；giveoff发出；takeup占有；holdon继续。根据"waterthroughtheirroots”可知，通

过根部吸收水分，故选A。

[21题详解】

句意：它们通过树叶把水分散发由去。

like像；with带有；in在...里;as作为。根据“Theypassitoutthroughtheirleaves…moisture”“丁知，被当

成水分从叶子上散发出去，故选D。

【22题详解】

句意：较大的水滴以雨的形式落下。

wind风；rain雨；stoirn暴雨；shower淋浴。根据"Largerwaterdropletsthenfalldownintheform可知，

较大的水滴形成了雨，故选B。

【23题详解】

句意：通过这种方式，水会回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用。

forward向前；about关]'•；back向后；away离开。根据"thewatergoes...totheearth,riversandseastobe

usedagain”可知，水回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用，故选C。

【24题详解】

句意：科技和工业让生活变得更容易，但它们也产生了很多新的废物。

slower更慢的；easier更容易;heavier更重;cheaper更便宜。tEJE<4Thetechnologyandindustryhavemade

lift”可知，科技让生活变得更容易，故选

[25题详解】

句意：大自然发现这种新的废物很难或不可能回收利用。

helpful有帮助的:valuable有价值的；impossible不可能的;unnecessary不必要的。根据“Naturefindsthis

newwastehard”可知，发现很难或不可能再次利用，故选C。

阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。

“No,Iwon'ttellyouanythingaboutthosegeese(鹅)repeatedBreckinridge.<4Well,let's26

(make)abet,“saidHolmes.t4IbetyoufivepoundsthegeesecamefromafarmoutsideLondon.”“Ha,youare

wrong,5,saidBreckinridge."'ActuallythegeesecamefromLondon.”

"Idon'tbelieveyou,“saidHolmes.

“AHright,"saidBreckinridge.uWait,I27(show)youinamoment.^^

Hetookouttwolargebooksandopenedoneof28(they).“Thisbookcontainsalistofthepeople

whosellmegeese.The29(name)inredinkarepeoplewholiveinLondon.Readoutthe30

(three)oneonthelist.”

Holmestookthebookandread,“MrsOakshott,117BrixtonRoad.Thisname31(write)inredink.

So:hatmeansMrsOakshottlivesinLondon.

“Yes,"saidBreckinridge.tkNowlookintheotherbook.ItrecordsthedatesIboughtthegeese.^^

Holmesread,“December22nd.boughtfromMrsOakshott,24geeseat7shillingseach.SoldtoMrWindigate

oftheAlphaInn.”

“See?Iwasright,“saidBreckinridge."SoI32(win)thebet.Nowgivememymoney."33

(Silent)HolmestookoutagoldcoinandthrewitdowninfrontofBreckinridge.Thenweleft.

Afewyardsaway,wcstopped34(laugh)loudly."Youarcveryclever!Holmes,MIsaid.

“Breckinridgercfiiscdtotellusthe35(true).Soyoumadeabetwithhim..

“Yes,Watson/'saidHolmes.^ThoughIlostthebet,IfoundoutwhatIwanted.''

【答案】26.make

27.willshow

28.them29.names

30.third31.waswritten

32.won33.Silently

34.tolaugh

35truth

【解析】

【导语】本文主要是福尔摩斯探案集中追踪大鹅的来历中的一段，讲述了福尔摩斯用自己的智慧知道了大

鹅来自哪里。

【26题详解】

句意：让我们打一个赌吧。letsbdosth“让某人做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填make。

【27题详解】

句意：一会我展示给你看。根据inamoment可知，此处用一般将来时willdo的结构，故填willshowo

[28题详解】

句意：他拿出两本大书，打开其中一本。of介词，后接人称代词宾格，故填them。

【29题详解】

句意：用红墨水写的是住在伦敦的人。根据are可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填names。

【30题详解】

句意：把名单上的第三个读出来。the后接序数词表示顺序，故慎third.

[31题详解】

句意：这个名字是用红墨水写的。主语name与动词write之间是被动关系，且名字被写是发生在过去，故

此处用一般过去时被动语态,主语name是单数形式,助动词用was,故填waswritteno

【32题详解】

句意：所以我会赢得这场赌局。根据"Iwasright”可知，此句也应用一般过去时，故填won。

【33题详解】

句意：福尔摩斯默默地掏出一枚金币，扔在布雷肯里奇面前。此空修饰动词短语tookout,应用副词，故

填Silentlyo

【34题详解】

句意：几码远的地方，我们停下来放声大笑。根据“weslopped…loudly”可知，是停下来大笑，用stopt。do

sth表示“停下来去做另一件事”，故填tolaugh。

35题详解】

句意：布雷肯里奇拒绝告诉我们真相。the后应接名词，truth“真相”是名词，故填truth。

三、翻译句子(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)

用括号内所给的短语，将下列句子翻译成英语。

36.太多甜食有害健康。(beharmfulto)

［答案】Toomuchsweetfoodisharmfultohealth.

【解析】

【详解】sweetfood“甜食”，不可数名词，用toomuch表示“太多”;beharmfulto"对...有害“，health“健

康”，不可数名词，故填Toomuchsweetfoodisharmfultohealth.

37.我想知道你是否同意我的观点。(whether…ornol)

【答案】Iwonderwhetheryouagreewithmeornot.

【解析】

【详解】wonder“想知道"；agreewithsb“同意某人"；whether…orno亡是否”，此句用一般现在时，故填1

wonderwhetheryouagreewithmeornot.

38.教练看上去对比赛结果很满意。(Itseemsthat...)

【答案】Itseemsthatthecoachissatisfiedwiththeresult.

【解析】

【详解】Itseemsthat"似乎..."；besatisfiedwith“对....满意“；coach“教练”；result“结果”,描述心理状

态用一般现在时，故填Itseemsthatthecoachissatisfiedwiththeresult.

四、阅读表达(共5小题，满分9分；其中第42小题1分，其余每小题2分)

阅读下面短文，根据短文后的要求答题。

Forfansoftraditionalculture,tlicfilmIAmWhat1Am（雄狮少年）,whichwasfirstshowninthecinema

onDecember17,2021,canbeagoodchoice.The104-minutefilmhasconnecledIheliondancecullurewilha

teenager'spursuit（追求）ofhisdream.

SetinGuangdongProvince,thefilmisaboutthegrowthofaleft-behindteenagernamedAJuan.Hemetagirl

whohadtheexactsamename.Encouragedbyher,AJuanmadeuphismindtoformaliondanceteamwithhistwo

closefriendsAMaoandAGou.Afterbeingtrainedbyamaster,thethreetookpartinaliondancecompetitionin

Guangzhou.AlthoughlaterAJuanhadtoworktosupporthisfamily,hestillbravelyfollowedhisdream-

becomingthebestliondancer.

“ItopensanewworldfbrChina'sanimated（动画）film,"saidananimator.UnlikemostChineseanimated

filmsloday,whichhavetodowithmyths（彳申话）orfairy（ales,IAmWhat/Amsetseyesonreality.Thisisnot

verycommonintheanimationfieldinChina."I'vealwayswantedtomakeananimatedfilmaboutourreallife.

AndIrememberedtheliondanceperformancesatfestivals.Theyweresobeautiful,colourfulandfolk.That

inspiredmetomakeafilmaboutliondance,“saidthedirector.

Thefilmhasgothighmarksondiflerentwebsites.Althoughit'snotperfect,manypeoplearedeeplymoved.It

showsnotonly（hebeautyofChineseculturebutalsothespiritofthenation,accordingtoCCTVnews.

39.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.（将划线句子翻译成汉语）

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

40.What'sthefilmabout?（不超过15个词）

41.What'stheboyAJuan'sdream?

根据短文内容，在空白处填入恰当的短语，使句意完整。

42.ThefilmIAmWhat/Amsetseyesonrealitymeansthatthefilmstorycomesfrom.

43.Aslongasyoucatchthemainideaofthefilm,youwilltakeprideinandexpressedinit.

【答案】39.这部104分钟的电影将舞狮文化与一个少年对梦想的追求联系在了一起。

40.Itisaboutthegrowthofaleft-behindteenagernamedAJuan.

41.Tobecome（hebestliondancer.

42.reallife

43.©.thebeauty